CN113416131A - Method and device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of gas power plant - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of gas power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN113416131A CN113416131A CN202110781416.1A CN202110781416A CN113416131A CN 113416131 A CN113416131 A CN 113416131A CN 202110781416 A CN202110781416 A CN 202110781416A CN 113416131 A CN113416131 A CN 113416131A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of a gas power plant, which are characterized by comprising the following steps: the device comprises an absorption tank, a reaction device, a separation device, a gas power plant, an electrolytic bath, a pump, a methyl formate storage tank, an oxygen storage tank and a hydrogen storage tank; the absorption tank is connected with the gas power plant, the absorption tank is connected with the separation device, and the absorption tank is connected with the reaction device through a pump; the reaction device is connected with a hydrogen storage tank, the hydrogen storage tank is connected with the electrolytic bath, and the reaction device is connected with the separation device; the electrolytic cell is connected with an oxygen storage tank, the oxygen storage tank is connected with a gas power plant, the separation device is connected with the electrolytic cell, the separation device is connected with a methyl formate storage tank, and the separation device is connected with an absorption tank. The method can simultaneously achieve the aims of capturing carbon dioxide before and after combustion, producing value-added chemicals and purifying natural gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for carbon dioxide carbon capture, product preparation and raw material purification, in particular to a method and a device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of a gas power plant.
Background
The existing carbon capture modes mainly comprise three types of capture before combustion, capture during combustion and capture after combustion. The pre-combustion capture technology mainly comprises the steps of firstly gasifying carbon-containing fossil fuel through a gasification furnace, purifying flue gas and the like to form synthesis gas mainly containing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, then separating the carbon dioxide by using a physical absorption method, feeding the purified fuel gas into a gas turbine to perform combustion work, and finally separating and removing the carbon dioxide. However, the fuel gasification step of the pre-combustion capture technology is more complicated and costly than the combustion step; the capture in combustion is also called oxygen-enriched combustion capture technology, and is characterized in that pure oxygen replaces air to be mixed with fuel for combustion, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the generated flue gas is higher, and the main components in the flue gas are water and carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide can be separated only by condensation and dehydration. However, oxygen-enriched combustion requires a large amount of high-purity oxygen, which greatly increases the cost of the oxygen production equipment; the post-combustion capture technology is to introduce the flue gas generated by combustion into a capture device, and generally adopts a chemical absorption separation method to carry out absorption separation and desorption recovery. Chemical absorption separation methods are well established. Of course, there are other technical means for trapping after combustion, such as physical absorption, temperature and pressure swing adsorption, membrane separation, and the like. So far, no literature report and practical application similar to the technical scheme of the invention are found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention has the concept basis that the main aims of accelerating the promotion of low-carbon economic development, realizing the capture of carbon dioxide in a gas power plant and the preparation of methyl formate and purifying natural gas are fulfilled, the capture flow of carbon dioxide is optimized, a novel carbon neutralization system framework thought of a carbon dioxide capture and utilization method can be provided, and the economic value-added aims of the purification of natural gas and the preparation of methyl formate can be fulfilled.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method and a device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant, and simultaneously realizing the aims of capturing carbon dioxide before and after combustion, producing value-added chemicals and purifying natural gas.
One of the schemes that solve its technical problem and adopt is, a methyl formate and natural gas purification device are prepared in carbon capture of gas power plant, and its characterized in that, it includes: the device comprises an absorption pool 1, a reaction device 2, a separation device 3, a gas power plant 4, an electrolytic bath 5, a pump 6, a methyl formate storage tank 7, an oxygen storage tank 8 and a hydrogen storage tank 9; a gas inlet 1-1 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a gas outlet 4-3 of the gas power plant 4, a solution inlet 1-2 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3, a gas outlet 1-3 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a gas inlet 4-2 of the gas power plant 4, and a solution outlet 1-4 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a solution inlet 2-1 of the reaction device 2 through a pump 6; a gas inlet 2-2 of the reaction device 2 is connected with a hydrogen outlet 9-2 of a hydrogen storage tank 9, a hydrogen inlet 9-1 of the hydrogen storage tank 9 is connected with a hydrogen outlet 5-4 of the electrolytic bath 5, and a solution outlet 2-3 of the reaction device 2 is connected with a solution inlet 3-1 of the separation device 3; an oxygen outlet 5-3 of the electrolytic cell 5 is connected with an oxygen inlet 8-1 of an oxygen storage tank 8, an oxygen outlet 8-2 of the oxygen storage tank 8 is connected with an oxygen inlet 4-1 of the gas power plant 4, a first outlet 3-2 of the separation device 3 is connected with a liquid inlet 5-2 of the electrolytic cell 5, a second outlet 3-3 of the separation device 3 is connected with a methyl formate storage tank 7, and a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3 is connected with a solution inlet of the absorption cell 1.
The second scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is a method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of a gas power plant, which is applied to the device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of the gas power plant in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) purifying natural gas: introducing natural gas containing carbon dioxide into a sealed absorption tank 1 filled with a methanol solution, collecting pure methane from the absorption tank 1 to supply the pure methane to a gas power plant 4 for power generation, generating electric energy W1, reducing the temperature of carbon dioxide discharged by the recovered gas power plant 4 from 140-150 ℃ to 35-37 ℃, and then introducing the carbon dioxide into the absorption tank 1 through a gas inlet, wherein the temperature of the gas inlet 1-1 is 35-37 ℃, and the pressure of flue gas is 0.01Mpa;
2) preparation of H2: the electric energy provided by the photovoltaic power station and/or the wind power station is electrically connected with the power supply end of the electrolytic cell 5 after passing through the inverter, so as to supply power to the electrodes in the electrolytic water of the electrolytic cell 5, consume the electric energy W2, and the oxygen ionized by the electrolytic cell 5 is introduced into the oxygen storage tank 8 to supply oxygen for the combustion of the fuel gas power plant 4; hydrogen produced by ionization of the electrolytic cell 5 is introduced into a hydrogen storage tank 9, and the hydrogen is supplied to the reaction device 2 to participate in the capture of carbon dioxide;
3) capturing CO2: hydrogen is fed into the reaction device 2 from a hydrogen storage tank 9, a methanol solution containing carbon dioxide is fed into the reaction device 2 from an absorption pool 1 through a pump 6, the hydrogen and the methanol solution containing carbon dioxide react in the reaction device 2 to eliminate carbon dioxide, the generated water-containing methyl methanoate is fed into a separation device 3 to be separated to prepare a methyl formate finished product, and the methanol which does not react completely is fed into the absorption pool 1.
Further, the absorption cell 1 absorbs carbon dioxide contained in the natural gas to purify the natural gas; introducing the purified natural gas serving as fuel through a gas outlet into a gas power plant 4 for power generation; and introducing carbon dioxide discharged by the recovered gas power plant 4 into the absorption pool 1, and controlling the flow of flue gas at 15-25 t/h.
Further, the separation apparatus 3 passes the separated water into the electrolytic bath 5.
Further, pure methane collected by the absorption pool 1 is used as a raw material and sent to a gas power plant 4; the power generation capacity of the gas power plant 4 is W1, and the system power generation W1 is larger than the power consumption W2 of the electrolyzed water; and (3) recovering carbon dioxide discharged after methane is combusted, wherein a flue gas outlet of the gas power plant 4 is connected with a gas inlet of the absorption pool 1, so that the carbon dioxide discharged by the power plant is eliminated.
The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant, which adopts the technology of carbon dioxide capture and utilization, removes the step of carbon dioxide analysis and storage in a chemical absorption separation method, can save the analysis cost and the storage and transportation cost of carbon dioxide, and can directly generate a chemical value-added product.
Compared with the prior art, the device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture for the gas power plant has the advantages that:
1. the absorption tank can capture carbon dioxide in natural gas raw materials and can also capture carbon dioxide in flue gas discharged by a gas power plant;
2. on one hand, the hydrogen can be used as a raw material to participate in the synthesis of a chemical value-added product methyl formate; on the other hand, high-concentration oxygen is introduced into the gas power plant to be supplied to the gas power plant for oxygen-enriched combustion, so that the obtained carbon dioxide has higher concentration and is convenient to separate water and carbon dioxide in the flue gas;
3. water and methanol obtained by separation of the separation device can be recycled, so that the operation cost of the system is saved, and the influence on the environment and the economy is reduced;
4. the method has the advantages of available experimental thermodynamic data, high process economy applicability, stable and reliable operation, high efficiency and energy conservation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a detailed structure of a device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant.
In the figure: 1, an absorption pool, 2, a reaction device, 3, a separation device, 4, a gas power plant, 5, an electrolytic bath, 6 a pump, 7 a methyl formate storage tank, 8 an oxygen storage tank and 9 a hydrogen storage tank; the absorption tank comprises: a 1-1 gas inlet, a 1-2 solution inlet, a 1-3 gas outlet and a 1-4 gas outlet; the reaction apparatus comprises: a 2-1 solution inlet, a 2-2 gas inlet and a 2-3 solution outlet; the separation device comprises: a 3-1 solution inlet, a 3-2 first outlet, a 3-3 second outlet and a 3-4 third outlet; the gas power plant comprises: 4-1 oxygen inlet, 4-2 raw material inlet, 4-3 flue gas outlet and 4-4 power generation end; the electrolytic cell comprises: 5-1 power supply end, 5-2 liquid inlet, 5-3 oxygen outlet and 5-4 hydrogen outlet; the oxygen storage tank comprises: 8-1 oxygen inlet and 8-2 oxygen outlet; the hydrogen storage tank includes: 9-1 hydrogen inlet and 9-2 hydrogen outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant comprises: the device comprises an absorption cell 1, a reaction device 2, a separation device 3, a gas power plant 4, an electrolytic bath 5, a pump 6, a methyl formate storage tank 7, an oxygen storage tank 8 and a hydrogen storage tank 9, wherein a gas inlet 1-1 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a gas outlet 4-3 of the gas power plant 4, a solution inlet 1-2 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3, a gas outlet 1-3 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a gas inlet 4-2 of the gas power plant 4, and a solution outlet 1-4 of the absorption cell 1 is connected with a solution inlet 2-1 of the reaction device 2 through the pump 6; a gas inlet 2-2 of the reaction device 2 is connected with a hydrogen outlet 9-2 of a hydrogen storage tank 9, a hydrogen inlet 9-1 of the hydrogen storage tank 9 is connected with a hydrogen outlet 5-4 of the electrolytic bath 5, and a solution outlet 2-3 of the reaction device 2 is connected with a solution inlet 3-1 of the separation device 3; an oxygen outlet 5-3 of the electrolytic cell 5 is connected with an oxygen inlet 8-1 of an oxygen storage tank 8, an oxygen outlet 8-2 of the oxygen storage tank 8 is connected with an oxygen inlet 4-1 of the gas power plant 4, a first outlet 3-2 of the separation device 3 is connected with a liquid inlet 5-2 of the electrolytic cell 5, a second outlet 3-3 of the separation device 3 is connected with a methyl formate storage tank 7, and a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3 is connected with a solution inlet of the absorption cell 1.
The working flow of the device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by using carbon capture of the gas power plant shown in figure 1 is as follows:
purifying natural gas: introducing natural gas containing carbon dioxide, 96.12 mol% of methane and 2.6 mol% of carbon dioxide into a sealed absorption tank 1 filled with a methanol solution through a gas inlet 1-1 of the absorption tank 1, collecting pure methane from a gas outlet 1-3 of the absorption tank 1, connecting the pure methane with a raw material inlet 4-2 of a gas power plant to supply the pure methane to the gas power plant 4 for power generation, generating electric energy W1, recovering carbon dioxide discharged from a flue gas outlet 4-3 of the gas power plant 4, reducing the temperature from 140-150 ℃ to 35-37 ℃, and then introducing the carbon dioxide into the absorption tank 1 through the gas inlet 1-1, wherein the temperature of the gas inlet 1-1 is 35-37 ℃, and the pressure of the flue gas is 0.01 Mpa.
Preparation of H2: the electric energy provided by the photovoltaic power station and/or the wind power station is electrically connected with the power supply end 5-1 of the electrolytic cell 5 after passing through the inverter, and is used for supplying power to the electrodes in the electrolytic water of the electrolytic cell 5 and consuming the powerThe electric energy W2, the gas inlet 2-2 of the reaction device 2 is connected with the hydrogen outlet 9-2 of the hydrogen storage tank 9, the hydrogen inlet 9-1 of the hydrogen storage tank 9 is connected with the hydrogen outlet 5-4 of the electrolytic cell 5, and the solution outlet 2-3 of the reaction device 2 is connected with the solution inlet 3-1 of the separation device 3; an oxygen outlet 5-3 of the electrolytic cell 5 is connected with an oxygen inlet 8-1 of an oxygen storage tank 8, an oxygen outlet 8-2 of the oxygen storage tank 8 is connected with an oxygen inlet 4-1 of the gas power plant 4, a first outlet 3-2 of the separation device 3 is connected with a liquid inlet 5-2 of the electrolytic cell 5, a second outlet 3-3 of the separation device 3 is connected with a methyl formate storage tank 7, a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3 is connected with a solution inlet of the absorption cell 1, and oxygen ionized by the electrolytic cell 5 is introduced into the oxygen storage tank 8 to supply oxygen for gas combustion of the gas power plant 4; the hydrogen produced by the ionization of the electrolytic cell 5 is introduced into the hydrogen storage tank 9, and the hydrogen is supplied to the reaction device 2 to participate in the capture of the carbon dioxide.
Capturing CO2: hydrogen is introduced into the reaction device 2 through a hydrogen inlet 2-2 of the reaction device 2 by a hydrogen storage tank 9, a methanol solution containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the reaction device 2 through a solution inlet 2-1 of the reaction device 2 by an absorption cell 1 through a pump 6, the hydrogen and the methanol solution containing carbon dioxide react in the reaction device 2 to eliminate carbon dioxide, the generated water-containing methanol methyl formate solution is sent into a separation device 3 through a solution inlet 3-1 of the separation device 3 to be separated to prepare a methyl formate finished product, the methyl formate finished product is sent into a methyl formate storage tank 7 from a second outlet 3-3 of the separation device 3, and methanol which is not completely reacted by the separation device 3 is recycled and introduced into the closed absorption cell 1 through a third outlet 3-4.
A gas inlet 1-1 of the absorption cell 1 absorbs carbon dioxide contained in the natural gas to purify the natural gas; introducing the purified natural gas serving as fuel through gas outlets 1-3 into a gas power plant 4 for power generation; carbon dioxide discharged by a recovered gas power plant is introduced into an absorption pool 1 from a flue gas outlet 4-3 of a gas power plant 4 through a gas inlet 1-1 of the absorption pool 1, and the flow rate of flue gas is controlled to be 15-25 t/h; the methanol solution containing carbon dioxide is introduced into the reaction device 2 through a solution outlet 1-4, a pump 6 and a solution inlet 2-1 of the reaction device 2 for subsequent use.
The electric energy of the photovoltaic power station and/or the wind power station is connected to an electrode in an electrolytic cell 5 through an inverter, oxygen separated out from an oxygen outlet 5-3 of the electrolytic cell 5 is sent into an oxygen storage tank 8 through an oxygen inlet 8-1 of the oxygen storage tank 8, and the oxygen stored in the oxygen storage tank 8 is introduced into the gas power plant 4 from an oxygen outlet 8-2 and an oxygen inlet 4-1 of the gas power plant 4 to supply oxygen for gas combustion of the gas power plant 4; hydrogen separated out from a hydrogen outlet 5-4 of the electrolytic cell 5 is sent into a hydrogen storage tank 9 through a hydrogen inlet 9-1 of the hydrogen storage tank 9, and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank 9 is introduced into the reaction device 2 through a hydrogen outlet 9-2 of the hydrogen storage tank 9 and a hydrogen inlet 2-2 of the reaction device 2.
A solution inlet 2-1 of the reaction device 2 is connected with a solution outlet 1-4 of the absorption cell 1 to receive methanol and carbon dioxide required for generating methyl formate; and connecting a solution outlet 2-3 of the reaction device 2 with an inlet 3-1 of a separation device 3 to separate methyl formate, water and methanol, discharging water from a first outlet 3-2 of the separation device 3 and connecting with a liquid inlet 5-2 of an electrolytic bath 5 to recover water generated by the reaction, discharging a methyl formate finished product generated from a second outlet 3-3 of the separation device 3 into a connected methyl formate storage tank 7 to be stored, and connecting a third outlet 3-4 of the separation device 3 with the solution inlet 1-2 of the absorption cell 1 to recover methanol solution which is not completely reacted.
Passing the collected pure methane through a gas outlet 1-3 of the absorption pool 1 and a raw material inlet 4-2 of a gas power plant 4; oxygen is separated out from the electrolytic cell 5 and sent to an oxygen storage tank 8 through an oxygen outlet 5-3 of the electrolytic cell 5, and then is supplied to the gas power plant 4 for working through the storage tank 8 and an oxygen inlet 4-1 of the gas power plant 4; and the system power generation W1 is larger than the power consumption W2 of the electrolyzed water; and (3) recovering carbon dioxide discharged after methane is combusted, wherein a flue gas outlet 4-3 of a gas power plant 4 is connected with a gas inlet 1-1 of an absorption pool 1, so that the carbon dioxide discharged by the power plant is eliminated.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of a gas power plant is characterized by comprising: the device comprises an absorption pool (1), a reaction device (2), a separation device (3), a gas power plant (4), an electrolytic cell (5), a pump (6), a methyl formate storage tank (7), an oxygen storage tank (8) and a hydrogen storage tank (9); a gas inlet (1-1) of the absorption cell (1) is connected with a gas outlet (4-3) of the gas power plant (4), a solution inlet (1-2) of the absorption cell (1) is connected with a third outlet (3-4) of the separation device (3), a gas outlet (1-3) of the absorption cell (1) is connected with a gas inlet (4-2) of the gas power plant (4), and a solution outlet (1-4) of the absorption cell (1) is connected with a solution inlet (2-1) of the reaction device (2) through a pump (6); a gas inlet (2-2) of the reaction device (2) is connected with a hydrogen outlet (9-2) of a hydrogen storage tank (9), a hydrogen inlet (9-1) of the hydrogen storage tank (9) is connected with a hydrogen outlet (5-4) of the electrolytic bath (5), and a solution outlet (2-3) of the reaction device (2) is connected with a solution inlet (3-1) of the separation device (3); an oxygen outlet (5-3) of the electrolytic cell (5) is connected with an oxygen inlet (8-1) of an oxygen storage tank (8), an oxygen outlet (8-2) of the oxygen storage tank (8) is connected with an oxygen inlet (4-1) of the gas power plant (4), a first outlet (3-2) of the separation device (3) is connected with a liquid inlet (5-2) of the electrolytic cell (5), a second outlet (3-3) of the separation device (3) is connected with a methyl formate storage tank (7), and a third outlet (3-4) of the separation device (3) is connected with a solution inlet of the absorption cell (1).
2. A method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of a gas power plant is applied to a device for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture of the gas power plant as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
purifying natural gas: introducing natural gas containing carbon dioxide into a sealed absorption tank (1) filled with a methanol solution through a gas inlet of the absorption tank (1), collecting purified methane from a gas outlet of the absorption tank (1), connecting the purified methane with a raw material inlet of a gas power plant to supply the gas power plant (4) with electricity for generating electricity, generating electric energy W1, reducing carbon dioxide discharged from a flue gas outlet of the recovered gas power plant (4) from 140-150 ℃ to 35-37 ℃, and then introducing the carbon dioxide into the absorption tank (1) through the gas inlet, wherein the temperature of the gas inlet is 35-37 ℃, and the pressure of the flue gas is 0.01Mpa;
preparation of H2: electric energy provided by the photovoltaic power station and/or the wind power station is electrically connected with a power supply end of the electrolytic tank (5) after passing through the inverter, the electric energy is used for supplying power to electrodes in the electrolytic water of the electrolytic tank (5), the electric energy is consumed by W2, and oxygen ionized by the electrolytic tank (5) is introduced into the oxygen storage tank (8) to supply oxygen for the combustion of the fuel gas power plant (4); hydrogen produced by ionization of the electrolytic cell (5) is introduced into a hydrogen storage tank (9), and the hydrogen is supplied to the reaction device (2) to participate in the capture of carbon dioxide;
capturing CO2: hydrogen is fed into the reaction device (2) through the hydrogen storage tank (9), a methanol solution containing carbon dioxide is fed into the reaction device (2) through the absorption pool (1) through the pump (6), the hydrogen and the methanol solution containing carbon dioxide react in the reaction device (2), carbon dioxide is trapped, the generated water-containing methanol methyl formate is fed into the separation device (3) to be separated to prepare a methyl formate finished product, and the methanol which does not react completely is fed into the absorption pool (1).
3. The method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the absorption cell (1) absorbs carbon dioxide contained in natural gas to purify the natural gas; introducing the purified natural gas serving as fuel through a gas outlet into a gas power plant (4) for power generation; and (3) introducing carbon dioxide discharged by the recovered gas power plant (4) into the absorption pool (1), and controlling the flow of flue gas at 15-25 t/h.
4. The method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the separation unit (3) feeds the separated water into the electrolytic cell (5).
5. The method for preparing methyl formate and purifying natural gas by carbon capture in a gas power plant according to claim 2, characterized in that the pure methane collected in the absorption tank (1) is used as raw material and sent to the gas power plant (4); the power generation capacity of the gas power plant (4) is W1, and the system power generation W1 is larger than the electric energy W2 consumed by water electrolysis; and (3) recovering carbon dioxide discharged after methane is combusted, wherein a flue gas outlet of the gas power plant (4) is connected with a gas inlet of the absorption pool (1), so that the carbon dioxide discharged by the power plant is eliminated.
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| WO2023097943A1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-08 | 上海源晗能源技术有限公司 | Nitrogen-free combustion and carbon dioxide capture and utilization process for gas-fired boiler |
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| CN111302896A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-06-19 | 明阳智慧能源集团股份公司 | Renewable energy methanol synthesis system of thermal power plant |
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| WO2023097943A1 (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-06-08 | 上海源晗能源技术有限公司 | Nitrogen-free combustion and carbon dioxide capture and utilization process for gas-fired boiler |
| CN114522518A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Carbon-containing recycling gas power plant low-cost carbon emission reduction system and method |
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