CN113408686B - Near field antenna board based on RFID (radio frequency identification) technology - Google Patents

Near field antenna board based on RFID (radio frequency identification) technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113408686B
CN113408686B CN202110816758.2A CN202110816758A CN113408686B CN 113408686 B CN113408686 B CN 113408686B CN 202110816758 A CN202110816758 A CN 202110816758A CN 113408686 B CN113408686 B CN 113408686B
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radio frequency
antenna
field antenna
rfid
near field
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CN113408686A (en
Inventor
任洁琦
周晓龙
李艺
吴志敏
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Beijing Aerospace Aiwei Electronic Technology Ltd
Beijing Institute of Computer Technology and Applications
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Beijing Aerospace Aiwei Electronic Technology Ltd
Beijing Institute of Computer Technology and Applications
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06KGRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773Antenna details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a near-field antenna board based on an RFID (radio frequency identification) technology, and belongs to the field of RFID antennas. According to the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, the reading and writing of the radio frequency tag are carried out in the open space, the energy radiation is intensively restrained in a relatively near range right above the antenna, and the near-distance reading effect is ensured. According to the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, through one-to-two and one-to-six layout of the radio frequency switch chip, the design of two layers of modes is expanded into 12 paths of antennas. The near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology adopts a time-sharing multiplexing working mode, and has the advantages of interference resistance and expandability. The radio frequency wiring distances are equal, so that the input power of each antenna is consistent, and the consistency of each antenna is ensured. The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology has the advantages of interference resistance and expandability.

Description

Near field antenna board based on RFID (radio frequency identification) technology
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of RFID radio frequency antennas, and particularly relates to a near field antenna board based on an RFID radio frequency identification technology.
Background
The near field antenna based on the RFID radio frequency identification technology is used as a core technology of the Internet of things, and has the main advantages that the near field antenna is matched with a control module of an RFID product to read and write radio frequency tags in an open space, and the real-time acquisition and identification of the radio frequency tags has great advantages in the Internet of things industry.
At present, in the article management process, inventory relies on hardware equipment such as a handset, a bar code gun and the like to assist in manually completing the work of delivering, warehousing, inventory and the like of articles. The antenna used in the existing article management process can not accurately position articles, and the existing antenna can not be positioned in the layer.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to provide a near field antenna board based on an RFID technology so as to solve the problem that the existing antenna cannot accurately position objects and solve the problem that the existing antenna cannot be positioned in layers.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a near-field antenna board based on an RFID (radio frequency identification) technology, which integrates a hardware circuit board and embedded control software, wherein the hardware circuit board comprises a near-field antenna MCU (1), a radio frequency switch chip (2), an antenna oscillator (3), a photoelectric switch (5), an indicator lamp (6), an RS485 interface (7) and a radio frequency interface (8), and the embedded control software runs on the near-field antenna MCU (1);
the near-field antenna MCU (1) is a controller of the near-field antenna board and is communicated with a control module of the RFID product through the RS485 interface (7), and embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes a data protocol of the control module of the RFID product to control the near-field antenna, the photoelectric switch (5) and the indicator lamp (6) to work;
the radio frequency switch chip (2) adopts a one-to-two and one-to-six layout, the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 2 secondary radio frequency switch chips, each secondary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 6 antenna elements (3), and the design of the two layers of modes is expanded into 12 paths of antennas; the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), and is also connected with an antenna feeder line of a control module of the RFID product through a radio frequency interface (8) to control the radio frequency switch chip and the 12-path antenna element (3) to work;
the photoelectric switch (5) is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), each antenna element (3) corresponds to one photoelectric switch, the photoelectric switch (5) senses the existence state of an object in an antenna area, the near-field antenna MCU (1) is informed of analysis and processing, and corresponding antenna counting is started;
the indicating lamp (6) is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), the near-field antenna MCU (1) is used for controlling the indicating lamp, the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product, and the state of the indicating lamp is controlled while the antenna is started for counting.
Further, the connection line between the primary radio frequency switch chip and the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the connection line between the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the antenna oscillator (3) are radio frequency wiring lines (4).
Further, the distances from the primary radio frequency switch chip to the two secondary radio frequency switch chips are equal, and the distances from the secondary radio frequency switch chips to the antenna oscillator are equal.
Further, the radio frequency switch chip (2) is provided with a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, and supports multichannel time-sharing operation.
Further, the antenna element (3) adopts a PIFA antenna form, the antenna element is a rectangular copper sheet, the size of the copper sheet determines the power of the near-field antenna, and 12 antenna elements on the board form a 12-path near-field antenna.
Further, the antenna element is on the fourth layer of the PCB, the ground is on the second layer of the PCB, and the feed point and the feed line are on the first layer of the PCB.
Further, the overall length of the antenna is 1/4 wavelength.
Further, the RS485 interface (7) is an external interface of the near field antenna board and is positioned at the edge of the near field antenna board.
Furthermore, the RS485 interface (7) is convenient to network, so that the cascade and expansion of the near-field antenna board are facilitated; one RFID product needs 24 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with two near field antenna boards through an RS485 interface (7), and one RFID product needs 36 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with three near field antenna boards through the RS485 interface (7).
Further, the radio frequency interface (8) is located at the edge of the near field antenna plate.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides a near field antenna board based on an RFID technology, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
(1) The invention adopts the near field antenna technology, the energy radiation capability of the near field antenna is weak and the radiation direction angle is smaller, so that the antenna can only read a smaller range, the energy radiation is intensively restricted in a relatively near range right above the antenna, the near-distance reading effect is ensured, and the antenna is designed to achieve the effect of not misread and not stringently reading the peripheral electronic tags.
(2) According to the invention, through the one-to-two and one-to-six layout of the radio frequency switch chip, the design of the two layers is expanded into a 12-channel antenna, and the near-field antenna adopts a time division multiplexing working mode.
(3) The radio frequency wiring of the invention is a connecting line between the radio frequency switch chips and the antenna, the distances from one to two radio frequency switch chips to two to six radio frequency switch chips are equal, and the distances from one to six radio frequency switch chips to the antenna are equal. The input power of each antenna is consistent, and the consistency of each antenna is ensured.
(4) The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology has the advantages of interference resistance and expandability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a near field antenna board based on RFID technology of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a reverse side view of a near field antenna board based on RFID technology of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a TOP layer diagram of a near field antenna board PCB wiring based on RFID technology of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of a near field antenna board PCB wiring bootom layer based on RFID technology of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a near field antenna panel rack based on RFID technology of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The near field antenna based on the RFID technology realizes in-layer positioning, tracks and positions in real time in the process of article management, and realizes real-time, intelligent and automatic management of articles in the process of article full life cycle management such as article warehouse entry, inquiry and ex-warehouse.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a near-field antenna board based on an RFID technology, which is composed of a near-field antenna MCU (micro control unit) (1), a radio frequency switch chip (2), an antenna oscillator (3), a radio frequency wiring (4), a photoelectric switch (5) and an indicator lamp (6), and an embedded control software. The near field antenna MCU (1) is a controller of the near field antenna board. The radio frequency switch chip (2) and the antenna element (3) are connected by a radio frequency wiring (4). The external interfaces are an RS485 interface (7) and a radio frequency interface (8), and the edges of the near-field antenna board of the external interfaces. The embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product and controls the near-field antenna to work.
Further, the near field antenna MCU (1) on the hardware circuit board is a controller of the near field antenna board. And the control module is communicated with the RFID product through the RS485 interface (7) to perform protocol analysis and control communication, and is connected with an antenna feeder line of the RFID product control module through the radio frequency interface to control the work of the radio frequency switch chip and the 12-path antenna element (3).
Furthermore, the radio frequency switch chip (2) on the hardware circuit board is provided with a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, and supports multichannel time-sharing operation.
Furthermore, the antenna element (3) on the hardware circuit board adopts a PIFA antenna, the antenna element is a rectangular copper sheet, and the size of the copper sheet determines the power of the near-field antenna. The antenna element is arranged on the fourth layer of the PCB, the ground is arranged on the second layer of the PCB, the whole layer of the antenna element is paved with the ground to play a shielding role, the feed points and the feed line are arranged on the first layer of the PCB, and the whole length of the antenna is 1/4 wavelength. Through the one-to-two and one-to-six layout of the radio frequency switch chip and the two-layer mode design, 12 antenna elements are arranged on the board to form a 12-path near-field antenna.
Further, the radio frequency wiring (4) is arranged on the hardware circuit board. The antenna is a connecting wire of the primary radio frequency switch chip and the secondary radio frequency switch chip, and a connecting wire between the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the antenna, wherein the distances from the two radio frequency switch chips to the two radio frequency switch chips are equal, and the distances from the two radio frequency switch chips to the antenna are equal.
Further, a photoelectric switch (5) on the hardware circuit board is connected with the near-field antenna MCU to sense whether an object is placed on the near-field antenna. Each antenna corresponds to a photoelectric switch, the object existence state of the antenna area is perceived, the object existence state is analyzed and processed by the near-field antenna MCU, and the corresponding antenna is started for counting.
Further, the indicator lamp (6) on the hardware circuit board is controlled by the near-field antenna MCU, the near-field antenna MCU analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product, and the state of the indicator lamp is controlled while the antenna is started to count.
Further, the external interface RS485 interface (7) is a communication interface between the near-field antenna board and the control module of the RFID product. The RS485 interface (7) is convenient to networking, is convenient for cascading the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, and is convenient for expansion.
Further, the external interface radio frequency interface (8) is connected with a radio frequency switch chip of the near-field antenna board and a radio frequency interface of a control module of the RFID product, and the radio frequency switch chip and the near-field antenna MCU cooperate with the control module of the RFID product to finish checking the article carrying the radio frequency tag.
Further, the embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product and controls the near-field antenna to work. The other function of the embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) is to control the photoelectric switch and the indicator lamp to work.
The following description is made with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology is an important component of an RFID product, and is matched with a control module of the RFID product (the RFID product and the control module of the RFID product are not described in the patent) to finish the counting work of the article carrying the radio frequency tag. According to the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, the reading and writing of the radio frequency tag are carried out in the open space, the energy radiation is intensively restrained in a relatively near range right above the antenna, and the near-distance reading effect is ensured. The antenna is designed to achieve the effect of avoiding misreading and serial reading of the peripheral electronic tags.
According to the embodiment of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology comprises a near-field antenna MCU (1), a radio frequency switch chip (2), an antenna oscillator (3), a radio frequency wiring (4), a photoelectric switch (5), an indicator lamp (6), an RS485 interface (7) and a radio frequency interface (8).
The near field antenna MCU (1) is a controller of the near field antenna board. The embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product and controls the near-field antenna to work. The RS485 interface (7) is an external interface of the near-field antenna board, is positioned at the edge of the near-field antenna board, and the near-field antenna MCU (1) based on the RFID technology is a controller of the near-field antenna board and is communicated with a control module of an RFID product through the RS485 interface (7) for protocol analysis and control communication.
The radio frequency switch chip (2) adopts a one-to-two and one-to-six layout, the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 2 secondary radio frequency switch chips, each secondary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 6 antenna elements (3), and the design of the two layers of modes is expanded into 12 paths of antennas. The primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with the near field antenna MCU (1), and in one embodiment, the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with the near field antenna MCU (1) by adopting a common connection line on a PCB. The connection line between the primary radio frequency switch chip and the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the connection line between the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the antenna element (3) are radio frequency wiring lines (4). The radio frequency interface (8) is positioned at the edge of the near-field antenna board, and the primary radio frequency switch chip is also connected with an antenna feeder line of a control module of the RFID product through the radio frequency interface (8) to control the radio frequency switch chip and the 12-path antenna element (3) to work.
The radio frequency switch chip (2) of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology is provided with a receiving channel and a transmitting channel, and supports multichannel time-sharing operation.
The near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology is characterized in that a first-level radio frequency switch chip is connected with 2 second-level radio frequency switch chips through a one-to-two and one-to-six layout of radio frequency switch chips, each second-level radio frequency switch chip is connected with 6 antennas, and a two-layer mode design is expanded into 12-way antennas. The near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology adopts a time-sharing multiplexing working mode, and has the advantages of interference resistance and expandability.
The antenna is in the form of a PIFA antenna, the antenna element is a rectangular copper sheet, and the size of the copper sheet determines the power of the near-field antenna. The antenna element is arranged on the fourth layer of the PCB, the ground is arranged on the second layer of the PCB, the whole layer is paved with the ground to play a shielding role, the feed point and the feed line are arranged on the first layer of the PCB, and the whole length of the antenna is 1/4 wavelength. Through the one-to-two and one-to-six layout of the radio frequency switch chip and the two-layer mode design, 12 antennas on the board form 12 paths of near field antennas.
According to an embodiment of the near field antenna board based on the RFID technology of the invention, the radio frequency wiring (4) of the near field antenna board based on the RFID technology is the connection line of the primary radio frequency switch chip and the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the connection line between the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the antenna, the distances from one to two radio frequency switch chips to two one to six radio frequency switch chips are equal, and the distances from one to six radio frequency switch chips to the antenna are equal.
A photoelectric switch (5) of a near-field antenna board based on RFID radio frequency identification technology is connected with a near-field antenna MCU (1) to sense whether an object is placed on the near-field antenna. Each antenna corresponds to a photoelectric switch, the object existence state of the antenna area is perceived, the near-field antenna MCU (1) is used for analyzing and processing, and the corresponding antenna is started for counting. The photoelectric switch (5) is directly connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1) and is not connected with the antenna, the MCU receives information of the A photoelectric switch, the MCU controls the corresponding A antenna, the MCU receives information of the B photoelectric switch, and the MCU controls the corresponding B antenna.
The indication lamp (6) of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID radio frequency identification technology is controlled by the near-field antenna MCU (1), the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product, and the state of the indication lamp is controlled while the antenna is started to count.
The RS485 interface (7) of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID radio frequency identification technology is a communication interface of the near-field antenna board and a control module of an RFID product. The RS485 interface (7) is convenient to networking, is convenient for cascading the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, and is convenient for expansion. One RFID product needs 24 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with two near field antenna boards through an RS485 interface (7), and one RFID product needs 36 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with three near field antenna boards through the RS485 interface (7).
The radio frequency interface (8) of the near field antenna board based on the RFID radio frequency identification technology is connected with the radio frequency interfaces of the near field antenna board and the control module of the RFID product, and the external antenna feeder line is directly connected with the primary radio frequency switch chip through the radio frequency interfaces. The radio frequency switch chip (2) and the near field antenna MCU (1) cooperate with a control module of the RFID product to finish counting work of articles carrying radio frequency labels.
According to the embodiment of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology, embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) of the near-field antenna board based on the RFID technology analyzes a data protocol of a control module of an RFID product and controls the near-field antenna to work. The other function of the embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) is to control the photoelectric switch and the indicator lamp to work.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The near field antenna board based on the RFID radio frequency identification technology is characterized by comprising a near field antenna MCU (1), a radio frequency switch chip (2), an antenna element (3), a photoelectric switch (5), an indicator lamp (6), an RS485 interface (7) and a radio frequency interface (8), and embedded control software, wherein the embedded control software runs on the near field antenna MCU (1);
the near-field antenna MCU (1) is a controller of the near-field antenna board and is communicated with a control module of the RFID product through the RS485 interface (7), and embedded control software of the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes a data protocol of the control module of the RFID product to control the near-field antenna, the photoelectric switch (5) and the indicator lamp (6) to work;
the radio frequency switch chip (2) adopts a one-to-two and one-to-six layout, the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 2 secondary radio frequency switch chips, each secondary radio frequency switch chip is connected with 6 antenna elements (3), and the design of the two layers of modes is expanded into 12 paths of antennas; the primary radio frequency switch chip is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), and is also connected with an antenna feeder line of a control module of the RFID product through a radio frequency interface (8) to control the radio frequency switch chip and the 12-path antenna element (3) to work;
the photoelectric switch (5) is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), each antenna element (3) corresponds to one photoelectric switch, the photoelectric switch (5) senses the existence state of an object in an antenna area, the near-field antenna MCU (1) is informed of analysis and processing, and corresponding antenna counting is started;
the indicating lamp (6) is connected with the near-field antenna MCU (1), the near-field antenna MCU (1) is used for controlling the indicating lamp, the near-field antenna MCU (1) analyzes the data protocol of the control module of the RFID product, and the state of the indicating lamp is controlled while the antenna is started for counting.
2. The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connection between the primary radio frequency switch chip and the secondary radio frequency switch chip, and the connection between the secondary radio frequency switch chip and the antenna element (3) are radio frequency traces (4).
3. The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology of claim 2, wherein the distances from the primary rf switch chip to the two secondary rf switch chips are equal, and the distances from the secondary rf switch chips to the antenna elements are equal.
4. A near field antenna board based on RFID technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the radio frequency switch chip (2) has a receiving channel and a transmitting channel supporting multichannel time-sharing operation.
5. A near field antenna board based on RFID technology as claimed in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the antenna element (3) takes the form of a PIFA antenna, the antenna element is a rectangular copper sheet, the size of the copper sheet determines the power of the near field antenna, and 12 antenna elements on the board form a 12-way near field antenna.
6. The RFID technology based near field antenna board of claim 5, wherein the antenna element is on a fourth layer of the PCB, the ground is on a second layer of the PCB, and the feed point and the feed line are on a first layer of the PCB.
7. The RFID technology based near field antenna board of claim 5, wherein the overall length of the antenna is 1/4 wavelength.
8. The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology according to claim 1, wherein the RS485 interface (7) is an external interface of the near field antenna board, and is located at an edge of the near field antenna board.
9. The near field antenna board based on the RFID technology as claimed in claim 8, wherein the RS485 interface (7) is convenient for networking and is convenient for cascading and expanding the near field antenna board; one RFID product needs 24 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with two near field antenna boards through an RS485 interface (7), and one RFID product needs 36 near field antennas, and the RFID product is directly connected with three near field antenna boards through the RS485 interface (7).
10. A near field antenna board based on RFID radio frequency identification technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the radio frequency interface (8) is located at an edge of the near field antenna board.
CN202110816758.2A 2021-07-20 2021-07-20 Near field antenna board based on RFID (radio frequency identification) technology Active CN113408686B (en)

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