CN113391119B - Multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption and encryption method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption and encryption method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113391119B CN113391119B CN202110658612.XA CN202110658612A CN113391119B CN 113391119 B CN113391119 B CN 113391119B CN 202110658612 A CN202110658612 A CN 202110658612A CN 113391119 B CN113391119 B CN 113391119B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/045—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply hybrid encryption, i.e. combination of symmetric and asymmetric encryption
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0861—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0869—Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords involving random numbers or seeds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0891—Revocation or update of secret information, e.g. encryption key update or rekeying
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Abstract
The invention discloses a built-in data encryption multifunctional ammeter and an encryption method thereof. The invention discloses a built-in data encryption multifunctional ammeter and an encryption method thereof, wherein encryption is performed by combining a central processing unit and an encryption unit with a running program, so that the problems of huge encryption calculation amount and too long time consumption of MCU software encryption and decryption can be solved; and the data encryption is carried out in a mode of combining the symmetric encryption and the asymmetric encryption, and each piece of data can be encrypted on the basis of improving the encryption level through the combination of the symmetric encryption and the asymmetric encryption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ammeter data encryption, and particularly relates to a multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and a method for encrypting the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption.
Background
In the invention of the same kind of prior art, the data protocol used generally is modbus and DL645, and plaintext is used to transmit data. In the aspect of data security, data can be changed and data read to the existing equipment can be read only by corresponding acquisition equipment. In the current situation of everything interconnection, the life of a user can be affected by the fact that data of one device is changed in a string mode.
The authorization notice number is: CN104065472B, entitled electric meter encryption method, the technical scheme thereof discloses step 1, defining at least two encryption substitution tables and one encryption substitution table, and generating 64-bit keys, wherein; the bit serial numbers of the encryption substitution table are arranged from 0 to 15, any integer from 0 to 15 is distributed to each bit serial number in the encryption substitution table, the values distributed by different bit serial numbers in the same encryption substitution table are different, and the values distributed by the same bit serial numbers in different encryption substitution tables are different;
arranging the bit serial numbers of the encrypted substitution table from 0 to 63, distributing any integer from 0 to 63 to each bit serial number in the encrypted substitution table, wherein the values distributed by different bit serial numbers are different;
step 2, using 64-bit key and encryption substitution table to perform data substitution on 64-bit plaintext to obtain 64-bit data after substitution, comprising the steps of:
step 2.1, dividing the 64-bit secret key and the 64-bit plaintext into 16 nibbles, and arranging the nibble serial numbers of the 64-bit secret key and the 64-bit plaintext from 0 to 15;
2.2, sequentially replacing data of each nibble of 64-bit plaintext by using an encryption replacement table from the nibble with the serial number of the nibble of the 64-bit key being 0 and the nibble with the serial number of the nibble of the 64-bit plaintext being 0, wherein the nibble data replacement method with the serial number of the nibble being i in the 64-bit plaintext is as follows:
judging the value of at least one bit of data in the nibble data with the nibble serial number i in the 64-bit key, wherein different values correspond to different encryption substitution tables, finding an encryption substitution table corresponding to the value of the current data, if one bit of data is adopted, selecting two encryption substitution tables, wherein the value 0 corresponds to one encryption substitution table, the value 1 corresponds to the other encryption substitution table, if two bits of data are adopted, selecting four encryption substitution tables, wherein the values 0-3 correspond to different encryption substitution tables, taking the value of the nibble data with the nibble serial number i in the 64-bit plaintext as the bit serial number of the current encryption substitution table, and replacing the nibble data with the nibble serial number i in the 64-bit plaintext with the data corresponding to the bit serial number in the current encryption substitution table;
and 3, respectively performing data replacement on the data corresponding to each bit sequence number in the replaced 64-bit data by using an encrypted replacement table to obtain the replaced 64-bit data, wherein the step of replacing the data corresponding to the bit sequence number j of the replaced 64-bit data comprises the following steps:
taking the bit sequence number j of the replaced 64-bit data as the bit sequence number of the encryption substitution table, finding the value of the data corresponding to the bit sequence number j in the encryption substitution table, and if the value of the data is k, distributing the data corresponding to the bit sequence number j in the replaced 64-bit data to the bit sequence number k of the replaced 64-bit data;
step 4, obtaining 64-bit cipher ";
taking the above patent of the invention as an example, although it mentioned the electricity meter data encryption, it uses 64-bit key to encrypt 64-bit plaintext to obtain 64-bit ciphertext, the technical solution of the invention is different from the invention, the invention encrypts data by combining the central processing unit and the encryption unit to run the program and combining the symmetric encryption and the asymmetric encryption.
Therefore, the above problems are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a built-in data encryption multifunctional ammeter and an encryption method thereof, wherein the encryption is carried out by combining a central processing unit and an encryption unit with a running program, so that the problems of huge encryption calculation amount and long time consumption for MCU software encryption and decryption can be solved;
and the data encryption is carried out in a mode of combining the symmetric encryption and the asymmetric encryption, and each piece of data can be encrypted on the basis of improving the encryption level through the combination of the symmetric encryption and the asymmetric encryption.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, comprising a central processing unit, an electric energy sampling unit, an electric energy calculating unit, a data storage unit, a current and voltage monitoring unit, a display unit and an encryption unit, wherein the electric energy sampling unit, the electric energy calculating unit, the current and voltage monitoring unit, the display unit and the encryption unit are respectively in bidirectional communication connection with the central processing unit, wherein:
the electric energy sampling unit is used for acquiring first data comprising voltage, current and active power and reactive power;
the electric energy calculating unit is used for carrying out statistical calculation on the first data to obtain second data (such as maximum current demand, minimum current demand, maximum active power, maximum voltage, real-time electric quantity data and the like in a period of time);
the data storage unit is used for reading and writing third data comprising electric quantity data, demand data and a ampere-hour value;
the current and voltage monitoring unit is used for detecting a current value and a voltage value, judging whether the current value and the voltage value exceed a threshold value or not, and outputting alarm information or power-down storage data if the current value and the voltage value exceed the threshold value;
the encryption unit is used for encrypting the data of the multifunctional electric meter encrypted by the built-in data, and comprises a true random number generator, a hardware encryption coprocessor and a hardware safety protection mechanism.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a method for encrypting a multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, which is used for encrypting the operation of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption and the communication with a third-party device, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: performing first encryption processing on an encryption unit and a central processing unit of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, so that running programs run in the encryption unit and the central processing unit respectively and cannot be decrypted from the central processing unit independently;
step S2: and carrying out second encryption processing on the communication between the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and third-party equipment, and combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption so as to prevent the communication data from being read and modified under the condition of obtaining a public key.
As a further preferable embodiment of the above technical means, step S1 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S1.1: placing the first running program and the third running program in a central processing unit, and placing the second running program in an encryption unit;
step S1.2: after the first running program is run and the first running parameter is obtained, the central processing unit sends a demand instruction comprising the first running parameter to the encryption unit;
step S1.3: the encryption unit receives the demand instruction, runs the first running parameter through a second running program to obtain a second running parameter, and sends the second running parameter to the central processing unit;
step S1.4: the central processing unit receives the second operation parameter and operates the second operation parameter through a third operation program to obtain a third operation parameter.
As a further preferable embodiment of the above technical means, step S2 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1: the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and third-party equipment carry out early-stage communication encryption processing;
step S2.2: and the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and the third-party equipment perform normal communication encryption processing.
As a further preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, step S2.1 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1.1: the third party equipment reads the asymmetric encryption public key of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption;
step S2.1.2: the third-party equipment encrypts the symmetric encryption key through the read asymmetric encryption public key;
step S2.1.3: and writing the symmetric encryption key into the ammeter parameters of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption.
As a further preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the step S2.2 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.2: the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and the third-party equipment establish symmetric encryption data communication through a symmetric encryption key;
step S2.3: the third party device periodically changes the symmetric encryption key.
As a further preferable technical solution of the above technical solution, the encryption unit includes a true random number generator, a hardware encryption coprocessor, and a hardware security protection mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view illustrating the construction of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an encryption schematic diagram of the encryption method of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a communication encryption diagram of the encryption method of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should note that the central processing unit and the third party device, etc. to which the present invention relates may be regarded as prior art.
Preferred embodiments.
The invention discloses a built-in data encryption multifunctional electric meter, which comprises a central processing unit, an electric energy sampling unit, an electric energy calculating unit, a data storage unit, a current and voltage monitoring unit, a display unit and an encryption unit, wherein the electric energy sampling unit, the electric energy calculating unit, the current and voltage monitoring unit, the display unit and the encryption unit are respectively in bidirectional communication connection with the central processing unit, and the electric energy sampling unit, the electric energy calculating unit, the current and voltage monitoring unit, the display unit and the encryption unit are respectively in bidirectional communication connection with the central processing unit, wherein:
the electric energy sampling unit is used for acquiring first data comprising voltage, current and active power and reactive power;
the electric energy calculating unit is used for carrying out statistical calculation on the first data to obtain second data (such as maximum current demand, minimum current demand, maximum active power, maximum voltage, real-time electric quantity data and the like in a period of time);
the data storage unit is used for reading and writing third data comprising electric quantity data, demand data and a ampere-hour value;
the current and voltage monitoring unit is used for detecting a current value and a voltage value, judging whether the current value and the voltage value exceed a threshold value or not, and outputting alarm information or power-down storage data if the current value and the voltage value exceed the threshold value;
the encryption unit is used for encrypting the data of the multifunctional electric meter encrypted by the built-in data, and comprises a true random number generator, a hardware encryption coprocessor and a hardware safety protection mechanism.
The invention also discloses a built-in data encryption multifunctional ammeter encryption method, which is used for encrypting the operation of the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and the communication between the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and third-party equipment, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: performing first encryption processing on an encryption unit and a central processing unit of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, so that running programs run in the encryption unit and the central processing unit respectively and cannot be decrypted from the central processing unit independently;
step S2: and carrying out second encryption processing on the communication between the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and third-party equipment, and combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption so as to prevent the communication data from being read and modified under the condition of obtaining a public key.
Specifically, step S1 is implemented as the following steps:
step S1.1: placing the first running program and the third running program in a central processing unit, and placing the second running program in an encryption unit;
step S1.2: after the first running program is run and the first running parameter is obtained, the central processing unit sends a demand instruction comprising the first running parameter to the encryption unit;
step S1.3: the encryption unit receives the demand instruction, runs the first running parameter through a second running program to obtain a second running parameter, and sends the second running parameter to the central processing unit;
step S1.4: the central processing unit receives the second operation parameter and operates the second operation parameter through a third operation program to obtain a third operation parameter.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, the MCU program represents an internal program of the cpu, and the cryptographic chip represents the cryptographic unit, the present invention not only protects the cryptographic flow shown in fig. 2, but also protects any permutation and combination of the running sequence and times of the program between the cryptographic unit and the cpu.
More specifically, step S2 is specifically implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1: the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and third-party equipment carry out early-stage communication encryption processing;
step S2.2: and the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and the third-party equipment perform normal communication encryption processing.
Further, step S2.1 is embodied as the following steps:
step S2.1.1: the third party equipment reads the asymmetric encryption public key of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption;
step S2.1.2: the third-party equipment encrypts the symmetric encryption key through the read asymmetric encryption public key;
step S2.1.3: and writing the symmetric encryption key into the ammeter parameters of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption.
Further, step S2.2 is embodied as the following steps:
step S2.2: the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and the third-party equipment establish symmetric encryption data communication through a symmetric encryption key;
step S2.3: the third party device periodically changes the symmetric encryption key.
Preferably, the cryptographic unit (chip) comprises a true random number generator, a hardware cryptographic coprocessor and a hardware security protection mechanism.
Preferably, the functions of the invention comprise multifunctional metering functions of voltage/current/power/electric quantity, etc., and the combination of symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption is realized in the aspect of communication, so that a cracker cannot read and modify transmitted data even if knowing a public key.
The electric meter can select DES and AES in a symmetric encryption mode.
In MCU central processing unit) and the anti-cracking scheme of the encryption chip (unit), one part of codes are selected to be in the MCU (and the other part of codes are in the encryption chip). When the algorithm in the encryption chip is needed, the MCU sends an instruction to the encryption chip, and the encryption chip internally runs a program according to the instruction and returns a result to the MCU. The safety characteristic of the encryption chip is exerted to the maximum extent, the encryption chip and the main control MCU are used in a combined mode, MCU core codes are stored and run in the MCU and the encryption chip respectively, and the MCU cannot acquire all the core key codes by being independently broken.
Preferably, the encryption multifunctional electric meter MCU can use a conventional ARM-Cortex-M3 MCU, a special encryption chip and HT7036 as electric energy metering chips, adopts a rapid SPI communication bus, and communicates with the encryption chip by IIC.
The encrypted multifunctional meter will have the asymmetrically encrypted public key printed on the meter case or placed in an unencrypted communications address that is readable by anyone. The third party equipment can tell the ammeter through the secret key of the public key encryption symmetric encryption communication, and after the communication is established, the ammeter and the third party establish a direct communication channel which cannot be cracked or changed.
The software development of the encryption chip needs to combine codes of some main MCU, some encryption related algorithms and key information are stored in the encryption chip, the MCU and the encryption chip are matched to run to achieve the encryption effect, and the way can make cracking endless.
It should be noted that the technical features of the central processing unit and the third-party device, etc. related to the present patent application should be regarded as the prior art, and the specific structure, the operation principle, the control mode and the spatial arrangement mode of the technical features may be selected conventionally in the field, and should not be regarded as the invention point of the present patent, and the present patent is not further specifically described in detail.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made to the embodiments described above, or some features of the embodiments described above, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like, which fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention, are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A built-in data encrypted multifunctional electric meter encryption method is used for encrypting the operation of a built-in data encrypted multifunctional electric meter and the communication between the multifunctional electric meter and a third-party device, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: performing first encryption processing on an encryption unit and a central processing unit of the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, so that running programs run in the encryption unit and the central processing unit respectively and cannot be decrypted from the central processing unit independently;
step S2: carrying out second encryption processing on communication between the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and third-party equipment, and combining symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption to prevent communication data from being read and modified under the condition of obtaining a public key;
step S1 is embodied as the following steps:
step S1.1: placing the first running program and the third running program in a central processing unit, and placing the second running program in an encryption unit;
step S1.2: after the first running program is run and the first running parameter is obtained, the central processing unit sends a demand instruction comprising the first running parameter to the encryption unit;
step S1.3: the encryption unit receives the demand instruction, runs the first running parameter through a second running program to obtain a second running parameter, and sends the second running parameter to the central processing unit;
step S1.4: the central processing unit receives the second operation parameter and operates the second operation parameter through a third operation program to obtain a third operation parameter.
2. The multifunctional electric meter encryption method with built-in data encryption according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 is implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1: the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and third-party equipment carry out early-stage communication encryption processing;
step S2.2: and the built-in data encrypted multifunctional ammeter and the third-party equipment perform normal communication encryption processing.
3. The multifunctional electric meter encryption method with built-in data encryption according to claim 2, wherein the step S2.1 is implemented as the following steps:
step S2.1.1: the third party equipment reads the asymmetric encryption public key of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption;
step S2.1.2: the third party equipment encrypts the symmetric encryption key through the read asymmetric encryption public key;
step S2.1.3: and writing the symmetric encryption key into the ammeter parameters of the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption.
4. The multifunctional electric meter encryption method with built-in data encryption according to claim 3, wherein the step S2.2 is implemented as the following steps:
step S2.2: the multifunctional ammeter with built-in data encryption and the third-party equipment establish symmetric encryption data communication through a symmetric encryption key;
step S2.3: the third party device periodically changes the symmetric encryption key.
5. The multifunctional electric meter encryption method with built-in data encryption function of claim 4, wherein the encryption unit comprises a true random number generator, a hardware encryption coprocessor and a hardware security protection mechanism.
6. A multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption, which is applied to the multifunctional electric meter with built-in data encryption method of any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises a central processing unit, an electric energy sampling unit, an electric energy calculating unit, a data storage unit, a current and voltage monitoring unit, a display unit and an encryption unit, wherein the electric energy sampling unit, the electric energy calculating unit, the current and voltage monitoring unit, the display unit and the encryption unit are respectively connected with the central processing unit in a bidirectional communication way, and wherein:
the electric energy sampling unit is used for acquiring first data comprising voltage, current, active power and reactive power;
the electric energy calculating unit is used for carrying out statistical calculation on the first data to obtain second data;
the data storage unit is used for reading and writing third data comprising electric quantity data, demand data and a ampere-hour value;
the current and voltage monitoring unit is used for detecting a current value and a voltage value, judging whether the current value and the voltage value exceed a threshold value or not, and outputting alarm information or power-down storage data if the current value and the voltage value exceed the threshold value;
the encryption unit is used for encrypting the data of the multifunctional electric meter encrypted by the built-in data, and comprises a true random number generator, a hardware encryption coprocessor and a hardware safety protection mechanism.
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