CN113376559B

CN113376559B - Digital metering system abnormal field rapid diagnosis method and diagnosis system thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113376559B
Application number: CN202110448057.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵良德; 卢金滇; 丁建顺; 庄磊; 疏奇奇; 袁加梅; 任民; 张宏生; 高寅; 梁晓伟; 王凯
Original assignee: Marketing Service Center of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Current assignee: Marketing Service Center of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-25
Filing date: 2021-04-25
Publication date: 2022-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-25
Also published as: CN113376559A

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid diagnosis method and a rapid diagnosis system for an abnormal site of a digital metering system, which are characterized by comprising a power supply device, a ZYNQ on-chip system integrating an ARM processor and an FPGA processor, and a wireless communication module, wherein the ARM processor is communicated with a human-computer interaction interface, the ARM processor is electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or an optical network switch, and the power supply device is electrically connected with the ARM processor, the FPGA processor and the wireless communication module.

Description

Digital metering system abnormal field rapid diagnosis method and diagnosis system thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a diagnostic system of a digital metering system abnormity rapid diagnostic method and a digital metering system abnormity rapid diagnostic method, belonging to the technical field of digital metering of electric power systems.

Background

The digital metering system comprises equipment such as a mutual inductor, a merging unit, a sampling value transmission network, a digital electric energy meter and the like, and the digital sampling value transmission mode greatly improves the equipment integration level and the information flexibility of the digital metering system and has wide application prospect. The sampling value information transmitted by the digital metering is converted from analog quantity to digital quantity, and simultaneously, the principles and engineering implementation methods of sampling transmission optical fiber, sampling value networking, digital quantity metering and the like which are different from the traditional metering mode are derived. The digitalized electric energy metering is used as an important component of an intelligent substation, whether the metering value is accurate or not is directly related to the fairness and justice of electric quantity assessment indexes and future trade settlement, and new requirements are provided for the field anomaly detection technology of the digitalized metering system.

The digital metering comprises two sampling value transmission modes of networking and point-to-point, a merging unit in a sampling interval collects secondary output of a mutual inductor, the secondary output is output to an optical fiber network switch after data synchronization and photoelectric conversion, or the secondary output is directly connected to a digital electric energy meter in a corresponding interval in a point-to-point mode, and the digital electric energy meter calculates electric energy and outputs the electric energy to a centralized meter reading system. In engineering application, the problems of transmission messy codes, communication faults, large metering error and the like are continuously exposed out of a digital electric energy metering system, a large amount of electric quantity unbalance phenomena exist in operation, and popularization and application of digital metering work are greatly influenced. The intelligent device and the data link related to the digital metering system are wide, due to the lack of a proper field detection means, when the metering in the intelligent substation is abnormal, a plurality of factory personnel such as merging units, switches and electric energy meters are often required to be subjected to on-site joint debugging testing, and the error correction period is long. The existing transformer substation field systematic testing technology is mainly used for quantitative analysis of electric energy metering errors, lacks of quick positioning of metering abnormal links and reasons, and subsequently needs to rely on other special testing equipment to carry out secondary detection. The development of a digital metering technology is seriously restricted by the complexity of the composition link of a digital metering system and the site abnormity positioning work of the digital metering system, and the research of a digital metering abnormity diagnosis method which is suitable for being implemented on a transformer substation site has important significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, when a digital metering system is abnormal in the operation process, because the related links are more, the field test process needs to be matched by a plurality of manufacturers, joint debugging work is not easy to develop, and the existing field systematic test technology cannot directly and effectively position the digital metering abnormality, and provides a diagnosis unit, a diagnosis device and a digital metering system abnormality rapid diagnosis method of the diagnosis unit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a rapid diagnosis method for abnormal sites of a digital metering system, comprising:

the diagnostic unit I calculates an instantaneous value sequence of a virtual sampling value based on a set virtual load parameter;

the first diagnosis unit acquires the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, judges whether the sampling value signal output by the merging unit is abnormal or not, and if the sampling value signal output by the merging unit is abnormal, the first diagnosis unit outputs a first abnormal detection result;

the first diagnosis unit simulates the output characteristic of the sampling value of the merging unit to generate a virtual sampling value according to the message parameter of the sampling value output by the merging unit, and outputs the virtual sampling value to the second diagnosis unit at the corresponding moment, and defines the virtual sampling value as first sampling data;

the diagnostic unit II acquires the first test information stored in the diagnostic unit I through wireless communication;

inputting sampling data into the second diagnosis unit, transmitting the first sampling data to the optical fiber network switch, and outputting the second sampling data by the optical fiber network switch;

inputting sampling data II in the diagnosis unit II and transmitting the sampling data II to the diagnosis unit III;

the second diagnosis unit judges whether a sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not by taking the first test information as reference, and if the sampling transmission link is abnormal, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result;

the second diagnosis unit judges whether a second sampling data signal output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not by taking the first sampling data as reference, and if the second sampling data signal is abnormal, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result;

the diagnosis unit three acquires test information II stored by the diagnosis unit II through wireless communication;

inputting sampling data II in the diagnosis unit III and transmitting the sampling data II to the digital electric energy meter;

the third diagnosis unit inputs an electric energy meter communication protocol output by the digital electric energy meter and transmits the electric energy meter communication protocol to the centralized meter reading system;

the third diagnosis unit judges whether a sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second test information as reference, and if the sampling transmission link is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result;

the third diagnosis unit detects whether the communication protocol of the electric energy meter output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, and if the communication protocol of the electric energy meter output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result;

the third diagnosis unit judges whether the electric quantity information calculated and output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second sampling data as reference, and if the electric quantity information is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result;

the first diagnosis unit interacts the first test information and the first abnormal detection result to the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the second diagnosis unit interacts the second test information and the second abnormal detection result to the first diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the third diagnosis unit interacts the three abnormal detection results to the first diagnosis unit and the second diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; and feeding the abnormality detection result I output by the diagnosis unit I, the abnormality detection result II output by the diagnosis unit II and the abnormality detection result III output by the diagnosis unit III back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying.

Preferably, the first abnormal detection result comprises abnormal destination address, lost or error sequence of the sampling counter, unstable synchronous signal access and abnormal output jitter time of the merging unit, the second abnormal detection result comprises wrong connection or disconnection of the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch, lost or error sequence of the sampling data, inconsistency of the jitter range of the sampling value with the first test information, change of the amplitude or phase of the electrical quantity, maximum delay of data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch exceeding a set delay threshold, and phenomena of lost or blockage of the second sampling data, the third abnormal detection result comprises wrong connection or disconnection of the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter, loss or error sequence of the second sampling data, inconsistency of the jitter range of the sampling value with the second test information, and inconsistency of the amplitude of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data, And the phase of the electric quantity is changed, and the abnormal detection result comprises that the electric quantity measurement error does not meet the set error threshold, the electric quantity measurement of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, the wiring between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system is misconnected or disconnected, the serial communication module of the digital electric energy meter cannot work normally, and the serial communication parameter configuration of the electric energy meter is not appropriate.

Preferentially, the virtual sampling values comprise three-phase voltage and three-phase current, the first test information comprises virtual load parameters and sampling value message parameters of a merging unit, the first sample data comprises virtual sampling values, the second sample data is a sampling value output after being processed by the optical network switch, and the second test information comprises virtual load parameters and sampling value message parameters of the optical network switch; the virtual load parameters comprise the amplitude, the phase, the fundamental frequency, the harmonic content, the channel mapping relation and the load duration of each current-voltage channel; the sampling value signal output by the merging unit comprises a destination address, a source address, a priority mark, an application identifier, a message length, a sampling counter, a synchronous state and channel quality;

the first diagnosis unit acquires the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, judges whether the sampling value signal output by the merging unit is abnormal or not, and if the sampling value signal output by the merging unit is abnormal, the first diagnosis unit outputs an abnormal detection result, wherein the first diagnosis unit comprises the following steps:

the first diagnosis unit acquires the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, and the first diagnosis unit verifies and analyzes the digital message format in the sampling value signal output by the merging unit to obtain a destination address, a source address, a priority mark, an application identifier, a message length, a sampling counter, a synchronization state and channel quality;

the first diagnosis unit detects whether the digital message format is correct or not, and if not, the first diagnosis unit feeds back an exception; the first diagnosis unit detects whether the destination address is correct or not, and if the destination address is incorrect, the first diagnosis unit outputs the destination address to be abnormal and feeds the destination address back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects the sampling counter, judges whether a point missing or a wrong sequence condition exists, outputs the point missing or the wrong sequence condition of the sampling counter if the point missing or the wrong sequence condition exists, and feeds the point missing or the wrong sequence condition back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects a synchronization state, judges whether the synchronization signal access under networking application is stable, and outputs the unstable synchronization signal access and feeds the unstable synchronization signal access back to a human-computer interaction interface for display if the synchronization signal access is unstable; and the first diagnosis unit detects the transmission arrival time of the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, calculates whether the output jitter time of the merging unit is smaller than a set jitter time threshold value, and if the output jitter time of the first diagnosis unit is not smaller than the set jitter time threshold value, the output jitter time of the first output merging unit is abnormal and feeds the output jitter time back to the man-machine interaction interface for display.

Preferably, the second diagnosing unit determines whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not with reference to the first testing information, and if so, the second diagnosing unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, including:

the diagnostic unit II acquires the test information I of the diagnostic unit I through wireless communication;

the diagnosis unit II transparently transmits the received sampling data I to an optical fiber network switch in real time;

the second diagnosis unit confirms whether the first sampling data is received or not, judges whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical network switch is in wrong connection or disconnected or not, outputs the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical network switch to be in wrong connection or disconnected if the sampling transmission link is in wrong connection or disconnected, and feeds the sampling transmission link back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the second diagnosis unit detects whether the first sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences in the transmission process from the first diagnosis unit to the second diagnosis unit by taking the first test information as reference, and if the first sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences, the second anti-diagnosis unit outputs the first sampling data to have lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the first sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; the second diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the first sampling data in the transmission process from the first diagnosis unit to the second diagnosis unit is consistent with the first test information or not by taking the first test information as reference, and if not, the jitter range of the sampling value output by the second diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the first test information and is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the test information I as a reference, the diagnosis unit II calculates whether the amplitude value and the phase of the electrical quantity in the input sampling data I are changed, and if so, the diagnosis unit II outputs the amplitude value or the phase of the electrical quantity to be changed and feeds the amplitude value or the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for displaying.

Preferably, the second diagnosis unit determines whether a signal of the second sampling data output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not with reference to the first sampling data, and if so, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, including:

the second diagnosis unit judges whether the maximum delay of the data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch is smaller than a set delay threshold value or not, if not, the second diagnosis unit outputs that the maximum delay of the data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch is not smaller than the set delay threshold value and feeds the maximum delay back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; and the second diagnosis unit judges whether the second sampling data has the phenomena of point loss and blockage, and if so, the second diagnosis unit outputs the second sampling data which has the phenomena of point loss and blockage and feeds the second sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for display.

Preferentially, the third diagnosis unit judges whether the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second test information as a reference, and if the sampling transmission link is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, which includes:

the diagnosis unit three acquires test information II of the diagnosis unit II through wireless communication;

the diagnosis unit III transparently transmits the received sampling data II in real time to the digital electric energy meter;

the third diagnosis unit confirms whether the second sampling data is received or not, judges whether a sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is in wrong connection or disconnected or not, and if the sampling transmission link is in wrong connection or disconnected, the third diagnosis unit outputs the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter, and feeds the sampling transmission link back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the second sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences in the process of being transmitted from the optical fiber network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if the second sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences, the third diagnosis unit outputs the second sampling data to have lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the second sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the second sampling data is consistent with the second test information in the process of transmitting the second sampling data from the optical network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if the jitter range of the sampling value output by the third diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the second test information, the jitter range is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit calculates whether the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data are changed, and if so, the third diagnosis unit outputs the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data to be changed and feeds the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for display.

Preferably, the third diagnosing unit determines whether the electric quantity information calculated and output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by referring to the second sampling data, and if so, the third diagnosing unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, including:

the diagnosis unit calculates the active electric quantity and the reactive electric quantity generated by the injected virtual load according to the electric quantity in the input sampling data II, comparing the active electric quantity and the reactive electric quantity with electric quantity change values obtained from electric energy meter communication messages output by the digital electric energy meter respectively, judging whether the electric quantity metering error of the active electric quantity meets a set active error threshold value or not and whether the electric quantity metering error of the reactive electric quantity meets a set reactive error threshold value or not, if the electric quantity metering error of the active electric quantity does not meet the set active error threshold value, diagnosing that the electric quantity metering error of the three-output active electric quantity of the unit does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, and if the electric quantity metering error of the reactive electric quantity does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, diagnosing that the electric quantity metering error of the three-output reactive electric quantity of the unit does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, and feeding back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; judging whether the electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not, if the electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, outputting the abnormal electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter by the diagnosis unit III, and feeding back the abnormal electric quantity metering to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying;

the third diagnosis unit detects whether the communication protocol of the electric energy meter output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, and if the communication protocol of the electric energy meter output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, wherein the third diagnosis unit comprises the following steps:

the third diagnosis unit adopts 485 serial port data receiving and transparent transmission to monitor the communication process of the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system in real time, judges whether the connection between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system is misconnected or disconnected according to whether the communication process is interrupted, and outputs the misconnection or disconnection of the connection between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system if the connection is misconnected or disconnected and feeds the misconnection or disconnection back to a human-computer interaction interface for display;

the third diagnosis unit judges whether the serial port communication module of the digital electric energy meter normally works or not based on the frame structure and the integrity of the message output by the digital electric energy meter, and if the serial port communication module of the digital electric energy meter cannot normally work, the serial port communication module of the third diagnosis unit outputs the digital electric energy meter and feeds the serial port communication module back to a human-computer interaction interface for displaying;

and the third diagnosis unit judges whether the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter is proper or not based on whether the digital electric energy meter effectively responds or not, and if the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter is not proper, the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter output by the third diagnosis unit is not proper and is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying.

The diagnosis system of the abnormal rapid diagnosis method of the digital metering system comprises a first diagnosis unit for monitoring the merging unit, a second diagnosis unit for monitoring a sampling transmission link among the optical network switch, the merging unit and the optical network switch, and a third diagnosis unit for monitoring the sampling transmission link among the digital electric energy meter, the optical network switch and the digital electric energy meter, wherein the input end of the first diagnosis unit is communicated with the output end of the merging unit through an optical signal; the output end of the diagnosis unit II is communicated with the input end of the optical network switch through an optical signal, and the output end of the optical network switch is communicated with the input end of the diagnosis unit II through an optical signal; the output end of the third diagnosis unit is communicated with the input end of the digital electric energy meter through an optical signal, the output end of the digital electric energy meter is electrically connected with the input end of the third diagnosis unit, the output end of the third diagnosis unit is electrically connected with the meter reading system, and the first diagnosis unit, the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit adopt wireless communication.

Preferentially, the first diagnosis unit, the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit respectively comprise a power supply device, a ZYNQ on-chip system integrating an ARM processor and an FPGA processor and a wireless communication module, wired communication or wireless communication is performed between the ARM processor and a human-computer interaction interface, the ARM processor is electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or a fiber network switch, and the power supply device is electrically connected with the ARM processor, the FPGA processor and the wireless communication module.

Preferably, the wireless communication module comprises a LORA module, and the ARM processor is electrically connected with the LORA module;

the system comprises a 485 converter, wherein an ARM processor is electrically connected with the 485 converter, and the 485 converter is electrically connected with a digital electric energy meter;

the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or an optical fiber network switch through the Ethernet PHY chip; the power supply device is a storage battery.

The invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

in order to solve the problems that when the digital metering system is abnormal in the operation process, due to the fact that related links are more, a plurality of manufacturers are required to cooperate in the field testing process, joint debugging work is not easy to develop, and the existing field systematic testing technology cannot directly and effectively position the abnormal digital metering and the like, a rapid abnormal link detection method of the digital metering system, which is suitable for being implemented on the site of a transformer substation, is researched. The invention has the following technical characteristics:

on the premise of keeping the actual working condition of the transformer substation unchanged, the digital metering abnormity is quickly positioned on the site through three groups of distributed running diagnosis units. The test range covers a digital metering system consisting of a merging unit, a network switch, a digital electric energy meter and a data transmission link, test items comprise common problems in projects such as sampling output abnormity of the merging unit, sampling value transmission link abnormity, switch data processing abnormity, electric energy meter metering abnormity, electric energy meter communication abnormity and the like, and an abnormity detection result is reliable and is positioned definitely.

The diagnosis unit is designed based on a low-power-consumption portable idea, adopts a rechargeable battery for power supply, realizes data interaction through an LORA wireless communication technology, does not need main control equipment, respectively tests problems possibly existing in a coverage area, and improves the implementation efficiency of field detection work.

The abnormality diagnosis process adopts a digital virtual load injection mode. The diagnosis unit does not need to have an analog quantity output function, the power consumption of the test equipment is reduced, the problem that an electrical signal is not easily applied to a primary system in the field error checking process is solved, and the feasibility of abnormal diagnosis work is improved.

The FPGA processor arranged in the ZYNQ system-on-chip realizes the low-delay data receiving and transmitting function, monitors the digital sampling value transmitted in the digital metering system and the 485 serial port communication protocol in real time on the premise of not influencing the whole environment of the system to be tested and the operation of a rear-end device to be tested, and completes the performance detection work of a data transmission link and the device to be tested.

And data interaction is realized among the diagnosis units in a LORA wireless transmission mode. The LORA spread spectrum communication technology of 433MHz is based on multichannel transmission, can improve the interference immunity of wireless communication process, satisfies the on-the-spot low-power consumption of digital measurement system, distributed test demand. By adopting a transparent broadcast transmission mechanism, any diagnosis unit in the local area network can acquire the transmission information of other units in real time, the transmitted data is completely transparent, and the communication flow is simplified.

Based on the delay stability of LORA wireless communication transmission, a software algorithm is used for synchronously compensating the clock system of each diagnosis unit, the diagnosis units do not need to be assisted by an external synchronization means, and the problem that the existing distributed test method for digital metering needs to access to an external time tick signal is solved.

After the diagnosis unit is connected with the digital sampling value output by the merging unit, the message is analyzed and the related configuration information is obtained, framing and configuration work of injecting the message into the virtual load sampling value is automatically completed, and meanwhile, the configuration information is interacted with other diagnosis units, so that manual interference required in the test process is reduced, and the test efficiency and reliability are improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an architectural diagram of the present method;

fig. 2 is an architecture diagram of the unit of the present method.

Detailed Description

The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

In addition, if the description of "a", "an", "two", etc. is referred to in this disclosure, it is used for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to imply that the number of technical features indicated is significant. Thus, a feature defined as "a" or "an" can include at least one of the feature either explicitly or implicitly. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention. The method for keeping the composition links and the data transmission link of the digital metering system to be tested consistent with the actual operation condition in the diagnosis process comprises the following steps:

the test object of the diagnosis method comprises all actual internal links of the abnormal digital metering system, including a merging unit, an optical fiber network switch, a digital electric energy meter and a centralized meter reading system;

the test objects of the diagnosis method comprise all actual data transmission links used by the abnormal digital metering system, including a sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical network switch, a sampling transmission link between the optical network switch and the digital electric energy meter, and an electric energy meter protocol communication link between the digital electric energy meter and the meter reading system. The electric quantities include three-phase current and three-phase voltage.

The sampling value output characteristic of the analog merging unit mainly refers to the time characteristic (jitter, delay and the like) of a sampling value message.

The abnormal site rapid diagnosis method of the digital metering system comprises the following steps:

the second diagnosis unit judges whether a second signal of the sampling data output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not by taking the first sampling data as reference, and if the second signal is abnormal, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result;

the third diagnosis unit detects whether the communication protocol of the electric energy meter output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, and if the communication protocol of the electric energy meter is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result;

the first diagnosis unit interacts the first test information and the first abnormal detection result to the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the second diagnosis unit interacts the second test information and the second abnormal detection result to the first diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the third diagnosis unit interacts the three abnormal detection results to the first diagnosis unit and the second diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; and feeding the first abnormality detection result output by the first diagnosis unit, the second abnormality detection result output by the second diagnosis unit and the third abnormality detection result output by the third diagnosis unit back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying.

Furthermore, the anomaly detection result I comprises destination address anomaly, missing point or error sequence of a sampling counter, unstable synchronous signal access and abnormal output jitter time of a merging unit, the anomaly detection result II comprises wrong connection or disconnection of a sampling transmission link between the merging unit and an optical fiber network switch, missing point or error sequence of sampling data, inconsistency of jitter range of sampling values with test information, change of amplitude of electric quantity or phase of electric quantity, maximum delay of data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch exceeds a set delay threshold, missing point and blocking phenomenon of sampling data II, the anomaly detection result III comprises wrong connection or disconnection of the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and a digital electric energy meter, missing point or error sequence of the sampling data II, inconsistency of jitter range of the sampling values with the test information II, amplitude of the electric quantity in the sampling data II, and jitter time of the sampling data II, And the phase of the electric quantity is changed, and the abnormal detection result comprises that the electric quantity measurement error does not meet the set error threshold, the electric quantity measurement of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, the wiring between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system is misconnected or disconnected, the serial communication module of the digital electric energy meter cannot work normally, and the serial communication parameter configuration of the electric energy meter is not appropriate.

Furthermore, the virtual sampling value comprises a three-phase voltage and a three-phase current, the first test information comprises a virtual load parameter and a sampling value message parameter of the merging unit, the first sample data comprises a virtual sampling value, the second sample data is a sampling value output after being processed by the optical network switch, and the second test information comprises a virtual load parameter and a sampling value message parameter of the optical network switch; the virtual load parameters comprise the amplitude, the phase, the fundamental frequency, the harmonic content, the channel mapping relation and the load duration of each current and voltage channel; the sampling value signal output by the merging unit comprises a destination address, a source address, a priority mark, an application identifier, a message length, a sampling counter, a synchronous state and channel quality;

the first diagnosis unit detects whether the digital message format is correct or not, and if not, the first diagnosis unit feeds back an exception; the first diagnosis unit detects whether the destination address is correct or not, and if the destination address is incorrect, the first diagnosis unit outputs the destination address to be abnormal and feeds the destination address back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects the sampling counter, judges whether a point missing or a wrong sequence condition exists, outputs the point missing or the wrong sequence condition of the sampling counter if the point missing or the wrong sequence condition exists, and feeds the point missing or the wrong sequence condition back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects a synchronous state, judges whether synchronous signal access under networking application is stable or not, outputs unstable synchronous signal access if the synchronous signal access is unstable, and feeds the unstable synchronous signal access back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; and the first diagnosis unit detects the transmission arrival time of the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, calculates whether the output jitter time of the merging unit is smaller than a set jitter time threshold value, and if the output jitter time of the first diagnosis unit is not smaller than the set jitter time threshold value, the output jitter time of the first output merging unit is abnormal and feeds the output jitter time back to the man-machine interaction interface for display.

Further, the second diagnosis unit judges whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not with reference to the first test information, and if so, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, including:

the second diagnosis unit confirms whether the first sampling data is received or not, judges whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is connected in error or disconnected or not, and if the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is connected in error or disconnected, the second diagnosis unit outputs the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch in error or disconnected and feeds the sampling transmission link back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; the second diagnosis unit detects whether the first sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences in the transmission process from the first diagnosis unit to the second diagnosis unit by taking the first test information as reference, and if the first sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences, the second anti-diagnosis unit outputs the first sampling data to have lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the first sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; the second diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the first sampling data in the transmission process from the first diagnosis unit to the second diagnosis unit is consistent with the first test information or not by taking the first test information as reference, and if not, the jitter range of the sampling value output by the second diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the first test information and is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the test information I as a reference, the diagnosis unit II calculates whether the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the input sampling data I change or not, and if so, the diagnosis unit II outputs the amplitude or the phase of the electrical quantity to change and feeds the amplitude or the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for displaying.

Further, the second diagnosis unit determines whether a second signal of the sampling data output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal by referring to the first sampling data, and if so, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, including:

the second diagnosis unit judges whether the maximum delay of the data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch is smaller than a set delay threshold value or not, if not, the second diagnosis unit outputs that the maximum delay of the data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch is not smaller than the set delay threshold value and feeds the maximum delay back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; and the second diagnosis unit judges whether the second sampling data has the phenomena of point loss and blockage or not, and if yes, the second diagnosis unit outputs the second sampling data which has the phenomena of point loss and blockage, and feeds the second sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying.

Further, the third diagnosing unit, with reference to the second testing information, determines whether the sampling transmission link between the optical network switch and the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, and if so, the third diagnosing unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, including:

the third diagnosis unit confirms whether the second sampling data is received or not, judges whether a sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is connected in error or disconnected or not, and outputs the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter to be connected in error or disconnected if the sampling transmission link is connected in error or disconnected and feeds the sampling transmission link back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the second sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences in the process of being transmitted from the optical network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if so, the third diagnosis unit outputs the second sampling data to have lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the second sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the second sampling data is consistent with the second test information in the process of transmitting the second sampling data from the optical network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if the jitter range of the sampling value output by the third diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the second test information, the jitter range is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit calculates whether the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data are changed, and if so, the third diagnosis unit outputs the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data to be changed and feeds the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for display.

Further, the third diagnosis unit determines whether the electric quantity information calculated and output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second sampling data as a reference, and if so, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, which includes:

the diagnosis unit calculates the active electric quantity and the reactive electric quantity generated by the injected virtual load according to the electric quantity in the input sampling data II, comparing the active electric quantity and the reactive electric quantity with electric quantity change values obtained from electric energy meter communication messages output by the digital electric energy meter respectively, judging whether the electric quantity metering error of the active electric quantity meets a set active error threshold value or not and whether the electric quantity metering error of the reactive electric quantity meets a set reactive error threshold value or not, if the electric quantity metering error of the active electric quantity does not meet the set active error threshold value, diagnosing that the electric quantity metering error of the three-output active electric quantity of the unit does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, and if the electric quantity metering error of the reactive electric quantity does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, diagnosing that the electric quantity metering error of the three-output reactive electric quantity of the unit does not meet the set reactive error threshold value, and feeding back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; judging whether the electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not, if the electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, outputting the abnormal electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter by the diagnosis unit III, and feeding back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying;

the third diagnosis unit adopts 485 serial port data receiving and transparent transmission to monitor the communication process of the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system in real time, judges whether the connection between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system is misconnected or disconnected according to whether the communication process is interrupted, outputs the misconnection or disconnection between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system if the connection is misconnected or disconnected, and feeds back the misconnection or disconnection to a human-computer interaction interface for display;

the third diagnosis unit judges whether the serial communication module of the digital electric energy meter works normally or not based on the frame structure and the integrity of the output message of the digital electric energy meter, if not, the serial communication module of the third diagnosis unit outputs the digital electric energy meter, cannot work normally and feeds back the serial communication module to a man-machine interaction interface for displaying;

The diagnosis system of the abnormal rapid diagnosis method of the digital metering system comprises a first diagnosis unit for monitoring the merging unit, a second diagnosis unit for monitoring the sampling transmission link among the optical network switch, the merging unit and the optical network switch, and a third diagnosis unit for monitoring the sampling transmission link among the digital electric energy meter, the optical network switch and the digital electric energy meter, wherein the input end of the first diagnosis unit is communicated with the output end of the merging unit through an optical signal; the output end of the diagnosis unit II is communicated with the input end of the optical network switch through an optical signal, and the output end of the optical network switch is communicated with the input end of the diagnosis unit II through an optical signal; the output end of the third diagnosis unit is communicated with the input end of the digital electric energy meter through an optical signal, the output end of the digital electric energy meter is electrically connected with the input end of the third diagnosis unit, the output end of the third diagnosis unit is electrically connected with the meter reading system, and the first diagnosis unit, the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit are in wireless communication.

Furthermore, the diagnosis unit I, the diagnosis unit II and the diagnosis unit III respectively comprise a power supply device, a ZYNQ system-on-chip and a wireless communication module, wherein the ZYNQ system-on-chip integrates an ARM processor and an FPGA processor, the ARM processor and a human-computer interaction interface are in wired communication or wireless communication, the ARM processor is electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or an optical fiber network switch, and the power supply device is electrically connected with the ARM processor, the FPGA processor and the wireless communication module.

Further, the wireless communication module comprises a LORA module, and the ARM processor is electrically connected with the LORA module;

The hardware architecture of the diagnostic unit is shown in fig. 2. The processor adopts a ZYNQ system on chip which integrates an ARM processor and an FPGA processor. The ARM processor is responsible for human-computer interaction; the ARM processor interacts data with the LORA module through a UART interface, and interacts test information with other diagnostic units through 433Mhz wireless transmission; the ARM processor controls the 485 converter through the UART, interacts with a DL/T645 protocol with the digital electric energy meter to be tested, and tests electric energy metering and external communication of the electric energy meter. The FPGA processor controls an Ethernet PHY chip and receives an IEC 61850-9 sampling value message transmitted by a tested sampling link; the FPGA processor controls another group of PHY chips to quickly forward the received sampling value message by adopting a hardware real-time forwarding technology; and the PHY chip can be controlled to output the digital virtual electric quantity sampling value.

The architecture of the digital metering anomaly field diagnosis system is shown in FIG. 1. The system consists of three portable diagnostic units powered by batteries, and remote wireless data interaction is realized among the units through LORA communication. During field test, the diagnosis units are respectively arranged at the merging unit, the network switch and the digital electric energy meter, and the integrity and consistency of the digital metering link to be tested are kept. And a diagnosis unit (hereinafter referred to as a diagnosis unit 1) at the merging unit is responsible for monitoring the output of the merging unit and injecting digital virtual electric quantity into the tested system. The diagnosis unit (hereinafter referred to as the diagnosis unit 2) at the switch monitors the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the switch, and simultaneously detects the sampling transmission performance of the switch. The diagnosis unit (hereinafter referred to as the diagnosis unit 3) at the electric energy meter monitors the sampling transmission link between the switch and the electric energy meter, and simultaneously detects the electric energy metering and external communication capability of the electric energy meter. Each diagnosis unit judges whether the measurement is abnormal in the monitoring range or not by combining the test data transmitted by the diagnosis unit and other units, and the reason of the abnormal is displayed through man-machine interaction.

When the rapid diagnosis of the metering abnormity is implemented on the site of the transformer substation, firstly, diagnosis units are respectively arranged in a tested system. The diagnosis unit 1 receives the sampling value output of the merging unit (the preceding-stage mutual inductor can output no analog quantity), and injects a virtual electric quantity load into the measured metering system in the test process; the diagnosis unit 2 receives and transmits the input and output sampling value signals of the optical fiber switch in real time; the diagnosis unit 3 receives and transmits the input sampling value signal and the output electric energy communication protocol of the digital electric energy meter in real time. After the test is started, the diagnosis unit 1 detects the output of the merging unit, simulates the digital characteristic of the merging unit to inject virtual electric quantity, and transmits the virtual electric quantity parameters to other diagnosis units; the diagnosis unit 2 detects a preceding-stage sampling transmission link of the switch and detects the characteristic difference of input and output sampling values of the switch; the diagnosis unit 3 detects a preceding-stage sampling transmission link of the electric energy meter, detects the consistency of an output communication protocol of the electric energy meter, and detects the abnormal electric quantity metering. After the test is finished, each diagnosis unit prompts relevant abnormal information to a user through man-machine interaction.

The specific technical steps are as follows:

step 1: building a test system

The test system consists of three diagnostic units and a measured metering system. The diagnosis unit adopts the portable design of low-power consumption, supplies power through rechargeable battery, possesses the remote data interaction ability based on LORA wireless communication technique, can conveniently place in intelligent substation's different environment. The diagnosis unit 1 is arranged near the merging unit and is responsible for monitoring the output of the merging unit and injecting digital virtual electric quantity into a system to be tested; the diagnosis unit 2 is arranged near the optical fiber switch and is responsible for monitoring a sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the switch and detecting the sampling transmission performance of the switch; the diagnosis unit 3 is arranged near the digital electric energy meter and is responsible for monitoring a sampling transmission link between the switch and the electric energy meter and detecting the electric energy metering capability and the external communication capability of the electric energy meter.

The diagnostic unit is connected with an original data transmission link (optical fiber and hard wiring) of the system to be tested, so that the consistency of the test environment and the actual operation condition of the system to be tested is ensured to the maximum extent, and the reliability of the detection result is improved.

And (3) after the test system is built, entering the step 2, preparing to start testing, and injecting virtual electric quantity into the tested system.

Step 2: virtual charge injection

The diagnostic unit 1 first calculates an instantaneous value sequence of output samples according to set virtual load parameters (amplitude, phase, fundamental frequency, harmonic content, channel mapping relationship, load duration, etc. of each current-voltage channel). After the test is started, the FPGA core processor inside the diagnosis unit 1 receives the merging unit sampling output, obtains the sampling value output characteristics (message information, transmission delay, sampling output jitter, and the like) of the merging unit, then simulates the merging unit output characteristics, and outputs the virtual sampling value to the optical network switch at the corresponding time. In the test process, the diagnostic unit 1 also needs to interact the virtual load parameters to other diagnostic units in a wireless manner.

And (3) after the step (2) is started, receiving the virtual sampling value in real time by other diagnosis units and transmitting the virtual sampling value, thereby realizing automatic closed-loop detection of the system.

And step 3: real-time transparent data transmission

After the test is started, the diagnosis unit 2 is accessed to the tested optical fiber network switch, receives the sampling data originally injected into the switch and transmits the sampling data to the switch in real time; the diagnosis unit 2 receives the output sampling data of the exchanger and transmits the data to the digital electric energy meter at the rear end in real time. The diagnosis unit 3 is connected to a link of the system to be tested, receives the sampling data originally injected into the electric energy meter and transmits the sampling data to the electric energy meter in real time; and receiving a communication protocol output by the electric energy meter, and transmitting the communication protocol to a rear-end centralized meter reading system in real time.

The real-time data transmission comprises two types of optical fiber Ethernet data transmission and 485 serial port transmission. The data transmission is controlled by the FPGA core, the low-delay synchronous receiving and forwarding of multi-path data are realized based on a hardware loop, and the real-time monitoring of the transmitted data is realized on the premise of not influencing the actual running condition of the system to be tested.

And (5) after the step (3) is started, executing a step (4) to finish the test data interaction between the diagnosis units.

And 4, step 4: test information wireless interaction

In the testing process, testing parameters and detection result information need to be interacted between the diagnosis units in time. On the site of a transformer substation, the distance between devices in the measured metering system is possibly far, in order to ensure the consistency of the operating environment of the measured system and improve the testing efficiency, data interaction is realized among all diagnosis units in a wireless communication mode.

The wireless communication technology is based on LORA modulation transmission of 433MHz, adopts a transparent broadcast working mode, and diagnostic units configured with the same channel and airspeed can both send or receive broadcast transmission data in a local area network, thereby realizing distributed data rapid processing without main control equipment.

After step 4, the process proceeds to step 5, and the diagnosis unit 1 detects the output characteristic of the merging unit.

And 5: merging unit output detection

The diagnosis unit 1 accesses the sampling value output signal of the merging unit, verifies the digital message format and analyzes the information, and acquires parameters such as 'destination address', 'source address', 'TPID', 'APPID', 'message length', 'sampling counter', 'synchronization state', 'channel quality' and the like related to the digital metering process. Because the detection process adopts a virtual electric quantity load injection mode, the preceding-stage mutual inductor of the merging unit to be detected is not required to have effective analog quantity output, and the method can adapt to the no-load working condition during on-site abnormal detection.

The diagnosis unit 1 receives the sampling value message output by the merging unit and detects whether the message format is correct; acquiring address information, and detecting whether address mapping configuration after networking is correct or not; acquiring parameters of a sampling counter, and monitoring whether the output of a merging unit has the conditions of point loss, wrong sequence and the like; acquiring a synchronization state, and detecting whether the access of a synchronization signal of a merging unit under networking application is stable; and recording the transmission arrival time of the sampling value, and calculating whether the output jitter time of the merging unit meets the requirement.

Through step 5, it can be determined whether there is an anomaly in the merging unit output section in the digital metering system, and then the sampling chain detection is performed by step 6.

And 6: sampled transmission link detection

The sampling transmission link of the digital metering comprises two parts, namely a merging unit to a switch and a switch to an electric energy meter. Based on the real-time transparent transmission detection principle, the detection work of the two sections of sampling transmission links is respectively completed by the diagnosis unit 2 and the diagnosis unit 3. The diagnosis unit transmits the received sampling value data to the optical fiber network switch or the digital electric energy meter through the hardware loop, does not affect other test items of the system, and caches the backup data of the received sampling value for sampling transmission detection.

The diagnosis unit 2 and the diagnosis unit 3 firstly confirm whether the sampling value message is received or not, and judge whether the sampling optical fiber is connected in error or disconnected or not; then detecting whether a lost point or a wrong sequence exists in the transmission process, and whether the jitter range of the sampling value is consistent with the sampling output end information transmitted by the preceding stage diagnosis unit, and determining the stability of the sampling optical fiber; and finally, calculating the amplitude, phase, frequency and harmonic content of the electric quantity of each channel, acquiring the error between the electric quantity and the sampling output end, and judging whether data change exists in sampling transmission.

And (7) after the sampling link is detected normally, entering the step 7 to detect the working performance of the switch.

And 7: switch detection

The diagnosis unit 2 detects the data processing capacity of the switch by transparent transmission and comparison of the input and output sampling data of the optical fiber switch in the metering system.

The diagnosis unit buffers the input sampled instantaneous value according to the theoretical transmission delay of the switch, and samples the instantaneous value by successive comparison of a sampling counter under the condition that the transmission sequence of the sampling point is normal. And determining whether the sampling value processed by the switch is changed, whether the maximum delay of data exchange processing meets the requirement, and whether sampling value missing points and sampling value blocking phenomena occur.

And (4) after the switch detects to be normal, entering the step 8 and detecting the running state of the electric energy meter.

And 8: electric energy meter detection

The diagnosis unit 3 completes the detection of the electric energy meter, including the electric energy metering test and the electric energy communication protocol test of the electric energy meter.

The digital electric energy meter inputs electric quantity information in a digital signal mode, and is different from the traditional analog electric energy meter, the electric energy metering precision of the digital electric energy meter is mainly determined by a software algorithm and parameter configuration, and the digital electric energy meter is basically not influenced by the use environment and time. The digital electric energy meter after factory detection can judge whether the metering of the electric energy meter is obviously abnormal or not through the electric quantity information contained in the electric energy communication message during field diagnosis. The diagnosis unit calculates the active and reactive electric quantities generated by the injected virtual load according to the electric quantity information received by the transparent transmission, compares the active and reactive electric quantities with electric quantity change information acquired from the electric energy meter output communication message, and judges whether the electric energy meter is abnormal in metering.

The diagnosis unit receives a communication protocol output by the digital electric energy meter through the 485 serial port and monitors the data interaction process between the centralized meter reading system and the electric energy meter. Detecting whether the hard wiring of the serial port communication link is misconnected or disconnected through whether the communication is interrupted; detecting whether a serial port communication module of the electric energy meter works normally or not through a frame structure and data integrity of an output message of the electric energy meter; and detecting whether the serial port communication parameter configuration of the electric energy meter is proper or not through whether the electric energy meter effectively responds.

The storage battery, the ethernet PHY chip, the 485 converter, the LORA module, the ARM processor, and the FPGA chip may be of various types in the prior art, and those skilled in the art may select a suitable type according to actual needs, which is not illustrated in this embodiment. The human-computer interaction interface is a computer or a server in the prior art.

1. Virtual charge injection

The diagnosis unit calculates the discrete instantaneous value of the virtual electric quantity channel according to the sampling channel parameters (amplitude, phase, rated delay and the like) set by a user, and the calculation formula is as follows:

wherein: d _n Outputs instantaneous value for the nth point, A is output analog quantity amplitude,

for outputting the analog phase, N is the number of sampling points per cycle output, T _d Outputting a rated delay for sampling;

the signal processing interruption with the maintenance period of 1ms for the internal software of the diagnosis unit is interrupted, and SYNC is interrupted every time _n After triggering, the diagnosis unit monitors the sampling value input by the merging unit, and obtains the relative time T between the arrival of the message and the periodic interruption _n . At the next interruption of SYNC _n+1 Resetting and re-maintaining the output time counter upon triggering, when the counter again increments T _n And after the moment, outputting the pre-calculated instantaneous value of the analog quantity, and ensuring that the output time characteristic of the injected virtual sampling value is consistent with the original output time characteristic of the merging unit.

2. Real-time transparent transmission of monitoring data

The diagnosis unit realizes real-time transparent transmission of received data (optical fiber sampling and serial port communication) based on FPGA kernel hardware.

The working clock with the data transmission function adopts a 200MHz clock signal multiplied by the FPGA frequency synthesizer, and the maximum jitter time is not more than 5 ns. In the data transparent transmission process, the trigger time deviation of the output data and the original input data can be ignored, and the time accuracy of the output transparent transmission is improved.

In order to realize the data transparent transmission of optical fiber Ethernet and the like which relates to more signal types and has higher transmission rate, all received signals (clock signals, control signals and data signals) need to be subjected to high-frequency sampling cache, the synchronism among all signals of the output data is ensured to be not changed obviously, and the physical time sequence requirement of hardware is met. The FPGA samples input signals through a high-frequency working clock, then the input signals are placed into an on-chip FIFO for caching, after data are stored stably, all signals of transparent transmission data are synchronously read out from the FIFO and forwarded through a same-frequency clock, and effective data bytes obtained through analysis are stored in an internal RAM for subsequent calculation and analysis.

3. LORA wireless data transmission based on transparent broadcasting

The diagnosis units realize data interconnection through LORA wireless data transmission. All the diagnosis units are configured in the same local area network, the transparent transmission register of the LORA module is set in position, and the module address, the communication channel and the air transmission rate are configured to be the same, so that the transparent broadcast transmission mode is realized. After any LORA module in the network outputs data, the other LORA modules can effectively receive the data, and the test data among the diagnosis units can be shared in real time.

In order to reduce the operation power consumption of the diagnosis unit and improve the battery service life in field test, the LORA module adopts an online dynamic awakening mechanism. When software detects that the LORA module has no data transmission for a long time, the LORA module is controlled to enter a power-saving running state through a hardware port line, and at the moment, the module only reserves the wireless decoding capability for monitoring an external wake-up signal, so that the power consumption of the module is reduced; when the LORA module receives the wireless wake-up signal, the LORA module switches back to a standard operation state, starts the wireless coding, data caching, internal serial port communication and other capabilities of hardware, and recovers the normal wireless data transmission function.

4. Diagnostic unit clock synchronization

The crystal oscillator error of the hardware of the diagnosis unit can cause the software maintenance interrupt period to generate deviation, thereby causing the data time reference among a plurality of diagnosis units to be asynchronous and influencing the precision of the test system. When the auxiliary synchronization of the device is not dependent on the external time pair, the clock synchronization compensation needs to be carried out by the algorithm of the diagnosis unit.

After the test system is powered on, the diagnostic unit 1 starts to maintain a system clock counter by the clock of its own crystal oscillator, and broadcasts a synchronous message with the counter in the test system through LORA wireless transmission when the transmission is idle. After monitoring the message, the other diagnostic units calculate the time difference with the previous synchronous message, compare the time difference with a system clock counter carried in the synchronous message, obtain the cycle error value of the crystal oscillator of the diagnostic unit 1 and the crystal oscillator of the diagnostic unit, correct the signal processing interrupt cycle of the diagnostic unit, and realize the clock synchronization of all the diagnostic units and the diagnostic unit 1.

The interrupt cycle count correction formula of the diagnostic unit is as follows:

in the formula: c _n Nth clock counter labeled for diagnostic unit 1, C _n ^’ Nth clock counter for marking the diagnostic unit to be synchronized, I _o Is an interrupt cycle counter before the diagnostic unit to be synchronized is corrected.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the first diagnosis unit interacts the first test information and the first abnormal detection result to the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the second diagnosis unit interacts the second test information and the second abnormal detection result to the first diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module; the third diagnosis unit interacts the three abnormal detection results to the first diagnosis unit and the second diagnosis unit through the wireless communication module;

feeding the abnormality detection result I output by the diagnosis unit I, the abnormality detection result II output by the diagnosis unit II and the abnormality detection result III output by the diagnosis unit III back to the human-computer interaction interface for displaying;

the diagnosis system of the abnormal rapid diagnosis method of the digital metering system comprises a first diagnosis unit for monitoring the merging unit, a second diagnosis unit for monitoring the sampling transmission link among the optical network switch, the merging unit and the optical network switch, and a third diagnosis unit for monitoring the sampling transmission link among the digital electric energy meter, the optical network switch and the digital electric energy meter, wherein the input end of the first diagnosis unit is communicated with the output end of the merging unit through an optical signal; the output end of the diagnosis unit II is communicated with the input end of the optical network switch through an optical signal, and the output end of the optical network switch is communicated with the input end of the diagnosis unit II through an optical signal; the output end of the third diagnosis unit is communicated with the input end of the digital electric energy meter through an optical signal, the output end of the digital electric energy meter is electrically connected with the input end of the third diagnosis unit, the output end of the third diagnosis unit is electrically connected with the meter reading system, and the first diagnosis unit, the second diagnosis unit and the third diagnosis unit adopt wireless communication.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the anomaly detection result includes a destination address anomaly, a missing point or an error sequence of the sampling counter, an unstable synchronous signal access, and an abnormal output jitter time of the merging unit, the anomaly detection result includes a sampling transmission link connection or disconnection between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch, a missing point or an error sequence of the sampling data, a jitter range of the sampling value inconsistent with the test information, a change in an amplitude value of the electrical quantity or a phase of the electrical quantity, a maximum delay of the data exchange processing of the optical fiber network switch exceeding a set delay threshold, a missing point or a blocking phenomenon of the sampling data, the anomaly detection result includes a sampling transmission link connection or disconnection between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter, a missing point or an error sequence of the sampling data, a sampling transmission link connection or a disconnection between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter, and a loss point or an error sequence of the sampling data, The jitter range of the sampling value is inconsistent with the second test information, the amplitude of the electrical quantity in the second sampling data and the phase of the electrical quantity are changed, the electric quantity metering error does not meet the set error threshold, the electric quantity metering of the digital electric energy meter is abnormal, the wiring between the digital electric energy meter and the centralized meter reading system is misconnected or disconnected, the serial communication module of the digital electric energy meter cannot work normally, and the serial communication parameter configuration of the electric energy meter is not appropriate.

3. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the virtual sampling value comprises three-phase voltage and three-phase current, the first test information comprises a virtual load parameter and a sampling value message parameter of the merging unit, the first sample data comprises a virtual sampling value, the second sample data is a sampling value output after being processed by the optical network switch, and the second test information comprises a virtual load parameter and a sampling value message parameter of the optical network switch; the virtual load parameters comprise the amplitude, the phase, the fundamental frequency, the harmonic content, the channel mapping relation and the load duration of each current-voltage channel; the sampling value signal output by the merging unit comprises a destination address, a source address, a priority mark, an application identifier, a message length, a sampling counter, a synchronous state and channel quality;

the first diagnosis unit acquires the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, verifies and analyzes the digital message format in the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, and obtains a destination address, a source address, a priority mark, an application identifier, a message length, a sampling counter, a synchronization state and channel quality;

the first diagnosis unit detects whether the format of the digital message is correct or not, and if the format of the digital message is incorrect, the digital message is fed back to be abnormal; the first diagnosis unit detects whether the destination address is correct or not, and if the destination address is incorrect, the first diagnosis unit outputs the destination address to be abnormal and feeds the destination address back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects the sampling counter, judges whether a point missing or a wrong sequence condition exists, outputs the point missing or the wrong sequence condition of the sampling counter if the point missing or the wrong sequence condition exists, and feeds the point missing or the wrong sequence condition back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the first diagnosis unit detects a synchronous state, judges whether synchronous signal access under networking application is stable or not, outputs unstable synchronous signal access if the synchronous signal access is unstable, and feeds the unstable synchronous signal access back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; and the first diagnosis unit detects the transmission arrival time of the sampling value signal output by the merging unit, calculates whether the output jitter time of the merging unit is smaller than a set jitter time threshold value, and if the output jitter time of the first diagnosis unit is not smaller than the set jitter time threshold value, the output jitter time of the first output merging unit is abnormal and feeds the output jitter time back to the man-machine interaction interface for display.

4. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the second diagnosis unit judges whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not by taking the first test information as reference, and if the sampling transmission link is abnormal, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, which comprises the following steps:

the second diagnosis unit confirms whether the first sampling data is received or not, judges whether the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is connected in error or disconnected or not, and if the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch is connected in error or disconnected, the second diagnosis unit outputs the sampling transmission link between the merging unit and the optical fiber network switch in error or disconnected and feeds the sampling transmission link back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; the diagnostic unit II detects whether the sampling data I has lost points or wrong sequences in the transmission process from the diagnostic unit I to the diagnostic unit II by taking the test information I as reference, and if the sampling data I has lost points or wrong sequences, the diagnostic unit II outputs the sampling data I having lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the sampling data I to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; the second diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the first sampling data in the transmission process from the first diagnosis unit to the second diagnosis unit is consistent with the first test information or not by taking the first test information as reference, and if not, the jitter range of the sampling value output by the second diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the first test information and is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the test information I as a reference, the diagnosis unit II calculates whether the amplitude value and the phase of the electrical quantity in the input sampling data I are changed, and if so, the diagnosis unit II outputs the amplitude value or the phase of the electrical quantity to be changed and feeds the amplitude value or the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for displaying.

5. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the second diagnosis unit judges whether the second signal of the sampling data output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal or not by taking the first sampling data as reference, and if the second signal of the sampling data output by the optical fiber network switch is abnormal, the second diagnosis unit outputs a second abnormal detection result, and the second diagnosis unit comprises:

6. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the third diagnosis unit judges whether a sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second test information as reference, and if the sampling transmission link is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, wherein the third diagnosis unit comprises:

the third diagnosis unit confirms whether the second sampling data is received or not, judges whether a sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter is connected in error or disconnected or not, and outputs the sampling transmission link between the optical fiber network switch and the digital electric energy meter to be connected in error or disconnected if the sampling transmission link is connected in error or disconnected and feeds the sampling transmission link back to a human-computer interaction interface for display; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the second sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences in the process of being transmitted from the optical fiber network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if the second sampling data has lost points or wrong sequences, the third diagnosis unit outputs the second sampling data to have lost points or wrong sequences and feeds the second sampling data back to the man-machine interaction interface for displaying; with the second test information as a reference, the third diagnosis unit detects whether the jitter range of the sampling value in the second sampling data is consistent with the second test information in the process of transmitting the second sampling data from the optical network switch to the digital electric energy meter, and if the jitter range of the sampling value output by the third diagnosis unit is inconsistent with the second test information, the jitter range is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface for display; and with the test information II as a reference, the diagnosis unit III calculates whether the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the sampling data II are changed or not, and if the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the sampling data II are changed, the diagnosis unit III outputs the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity in the sampling data II to be changed and feeds the amplitude and the phase of the electrical quantity back to the human-computer interaction interface for displaying.

7. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the third diagnosis unit judges whether the electric quantity information calculated and output by the digital electric energy meter is abnormal or not by taking the second sampling data as reference, and if the electric quantity information is abnormal, the third diagnosis unit outputs a third abnormal detection result, wherein the third diagnosis unit comprises:

and the third diagnosis unit judges whether the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter is proper or not based on whether the digital electric energy meter effectively responds or not, and if the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter is not proper due to the fact that whether the digital electric energy meter effectively responds or not and cannot respond or not, the configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter is not proper, the third diagnosis unit outputs the improper configuration of the serial communication parameters of the electric energy meter, and the improper configuration of the serial communication parameters is fed back to the man-machine interaction interface to be displayed.

8. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 1,

the diagnosis unit I, the diagnosis unit II and the diagnosis unit III respectively comprise a power supply device, a ZYNQ on-chip system integrating an ARM processor and an FPGA processor and a wireless communication module, the ARM processor and a human-computer interaction interface are in wired communication or wireless communication, the ARM processor is electrically connected with the wireless communication module, the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or an optical fiber network switch, and the power supply device is electrically connected with the ARM processor, the FPGA processor and the wireless communication module.

9. The digital metering system abnormal site rapid diagnosis method as claimed in claim 7,

the wireless communication module comprises an LORA module, and the ARM processor is electrically connected with the LORA module;

the FPGA processor is electrically connected with a merging unit or a digital electric energy meter or a fiber network switch through the Ethernet PHY chip; the power supply device is a storage battery.