CN113333687B - Core making method and device of large sand core - Google Patents
Core making method and device of large sand core Download PDFInfo
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- CN113333687B CN113333687B CN202110542010.8A CN202110542010A CN113333687B CN 113333687 B CN113333687 B CN 113333687B CN 202110542010 A CN202110542010 A CN 202110542010A CN 113333687 B CN113333687 B CN 113333687B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
- B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
- B22C15/24—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum involving blowing devices in which the mould material is supplied in the form of loose particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C19/00—Components or accessories for moulding machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a core making method and a core making device of a large sand core, wherein a sand blowing mechanism is provided, the bottom end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with each inlet at the top of a core box, and the top end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with the bottom end of a sand shooting mechanism; the sand blowing mechanism is provided with a sand blowing position moving between the sand shooting mechanism and the core box and a degree of freedom moving out of the position, and is provided with a lateral sand entering structure; moving the sand shooting mechanism upwards, moving the sand blowing mechanism into a sand blowing position, and moving the sand shooting mechanism downwards to press the sand blowing mechanism; adding sand into a sand blowing mechanism and blowing air to enable the molding sand to enter a core box, wherein the sand blowing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the sand blowing amount is 80-90% of the mass of the sand core; the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and then the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards and tightly presses the core box; injecting the rest molding sand into a core box through a sand injecting mechanism, and simultaneously compacting the sand core, wherein the sand injecting pressure is 0.4 MPa-0.5 MPa; and (5) blowing and solidifying the sand core to finish core making. The invention realizes the core making of the large sand core.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a core making method of a sand core for casting, in particular to a method and a device for preparing a large sand core by adopting a cold core process.
Background
When a casting with a hollow structure is prepared, a sand casting method is generally adopted, and a sand core corresponding to the hollow structure of the casting needs to be prepared. The equipment for preparing the sand core is a core shooter, a sand shooting barrel is usually arranged at the top, a shooting head is communicated below the sand shooting barrel, a sand shooting plate is arranged on a bottom plate of the shooting head, a through hole is formed in the sand shooting plate, a shooting nozzle is correspondingly arranged on the sand shooting plate, and an opening is correspondingly formed in the top of a core box. In the cold core process, a sand shooting process is usually included, and core sand in a sand shooting cylinder is driven by airflow to be sprayed out of a shooting nozzle through a shooting head, enter a core box and be uniformly and compactly arranged; and a solidification process, namely blowing triethylamine gas for example to solidify and shape the core sand.
However, for a large sand core with the height of more than 1 meter, the method for shooting sand from the top has the defects that the air flow stroke is long, the cavity of a core box is large, the air-sand ratio is difficult to control, the sand shooting range is short, and the sand core is difficult to be uniformly compacted. Therefore, in the prior art, horizontal sand shooting is generally adopted for large sand cores to reduce the sand shooting height. However, in terms of casting technology, the plate is divided, and a horizontal sand shooting method is adopted for a large sand core, so that the difference of the upper and lower compactness of the sand core is large, the sand floating on the surface of the sand core is more, the surface quality of the sand core is seriously influenced, the precision and the surface quality of a casting are further influenced, and particularly when the upper plane of the sand core exceeds 2 square meters, the manufacture of the sand core is difficult to complete. Similar difficulties are encountered in the prior art in the preparation of sand cores having a mass of 1000L (about 1400 kg) and above.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide an improved core making process to accommodate the manufacturing requirements of large sand cores.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a core making method of a large sand core, which solves the core making problem of a large vertical sand core. Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for effecting core making of large sand cores.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a core making method of a large sand core comprises the following steps:
(1) providing a sand blowing mechanism, wherein the bottom end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with each inlet at the top of the core box, and the top end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with the bottom end of the sand shooting mechanism; the sand blowing mechanism is provided with a sand blowing position moving between the sand shooting mechanism and the core box and a degree of freedom moving out of the position; the sand blowing mechanism is provided with a lateral sand feeding structure;
(2) moving the sand shooting mechanism upwards, moving the sand blowing mechanism into a sand blowing position, and moving the sand shooting mechanism downwards to press the sand blowing mechanism so that the bottom end of the sand blowing mechanism presses the core box;
(3) blowing sand: adding sand into a sand blowing mechanism and blowing air to enable core sand to enter a core box, wherein the sand blowing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the sand blowing amount is 80-90% of the mass of the sand core;
(4) the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and then the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards and tightly presses the core box;
(5) sand shooting: injecting the residual core sand into a core box through a sand shooting mechanism, and simultaneously compacting the sand core, wherein the sand shooting pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa;
(6) and (5) blowing and solidifying the sand core to finish core making.
According to the further technical scheme, an upper pressure head is arranged above a sand shooting cylinder of the sand shooting mechanism, in the step (2), the upper pressure head presses the sand shooting mechanism, the sand shooting mechanism presses the sand blowing mechanism, the sand blowing mechanism presses a core box to provide mold locking force, and in the step (4), the upper pressure head presses the sand shooting mechanism and the sand shooting mechanism presses the core box to provide mold locking force.
In the technical scheme, in the sand blowing mechanism, a sand blowing support cylinder and a sand blowing plate at the bottom of the sand blowing support cylinder enter a sand blowing position, an isobaric injection nozzle is arranged on the sand blowing plate, and the fluctuation of the internal air pressure of a core box during sand blowing is less than 0.02 MPa; and a shooting nozzle is arranged on a sand shooting plate of the sand shooting mechanism. The function of the isobaric injection nozzle is that core sand stably enters a core box at a low speed without turbulence when the sand is blown (generally, the time is more than 30 seconds); the nozzle on the sand shooting plate has the function of enabling core sand to enter the core box at a high speed during sand shooting so as to compact the sand core.
When blowing sand, core sand and air flow are introduced from the side surface of the sand blowing supporting cylinder.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the isobaric injection nozzle is a plurality of circular injection nozzle plates, and a plurality of sand injection holes with large upper parts and small lower parts are distributed on each circular injection nozzle plate.
In order to realize another purpose of the invention, the core making device of the large sand core comprises a sand shooting mechanism, wherein the sand shooting mechanism has freedom degree of up-and-down motion, the sand shooting mechanism mainly comprises a sand shooting cylinder, a shooting head, a sand shooting plate and a plurality of shooting nozzles arranged on the sand shooting plate, and is provided with a sand blowing mechanism, the sand blowing mechanism comprises a sand blowing supporting cylinder, a sand blowing plate, a plurality of isobaric shooting nozzles arranged on the sand blowing plate and a sand blowing storage cavity, the sand blowing storage cavity is positioned at one side of the sand blowing supporting cylinder and is communicated with the sand blowing supporting cylinder through a side wall, the top of the sand blowing storage cavity is provided with a top cover, so that a blowing closed cavity is formed, and the top cover is connected with a sand blowing valve and a sand adding valve; when blowing sand, the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards to form a sand blowing position between the sand shooting mechanism and the core box, and the sand blowing support cylinder and the sand blowing plate are positioned at the sand blowing position; and during sand shooting, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards and is pressed on the core box.
The technical scheme is that the sand shooting device is provided with an upper pressure head, the upper pressure head is located above the sand shooting mechanism and has freedom degree of up-and-down motion, and the upper pressure head is tightly pressed on a sand shooting cylinder during sand blowing and sand shooting.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the top cover is provided with 2 sand blowing valves and 1 sand adding valve.
According to the preferable technical scheme, the isobaric injection nozzle is a plurality of circular injection nozzle plates, and a plurality of sand injection holes with large upper parts and small lower parts are distributed on each circular injection nozzle plate.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the core sand filling process is divided into two steps of sand blowing and sand shooting, the air pressure is lower during sand blowing so as to fill most of the core box, the air-sand ratio is reduced, the exhaust requirement of the core box is reduced, and the air pressure is higher during sand shooting so as to complete the filling and compaction of the core sand, so that the core making of the large sand core is realized;
2. the invention provides an independent sand blowing mechanism, the main body of which is a sand blowing supporting cylinder, the sand blowing supporting cylinder moves in during sand blowing and moves out during sand shooting, therefore, the sand blowing process with lower pressure cannot generate accumulation at a shooting head, an isobaric shooting nozzle is adopted, the resistance of core sand blown into a core box is reduced, the sand blowing pressure is low, the core sand is orderly filled in the core box, and meanwhile, the abrasion of the core box can be reduced;
3. the isobaric injection nozzle on the sand blowing plate and the injection nozzle on the sand injection plate can be conveniently matched with the core box in the sand blowing and sand injection changing process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an isostatic nozzle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the sand blowing process;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state when blowing of sand is completed;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a sand shooting preparation state;
fig. 7 is a schematic view when shooting sand.
Wherein: 10. a core box; 11. a sand blowing storage cavity; 12. a top cover; 13. a sand blowing valve; 14. a sand adding valve; 15. an upper pressure head; 16. shooting a sand cylinder; 17. shooting a head; 18. a sand shooting plate; 19. a sand-blowing support cylinder; 20. blowing a sand plate; 21. isobaric injection nozzle, 22 and injection nozzle.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
the first embodiment is as follows: a core making device of a large sand core comprises a sand shooting mechanism and a sand blowing mechanism.
Referring to fig. 1, the sand shooting mechanism mainly comprises a sand shooting cylinder 16, a shooting head 17, a sand shooting plate 18 and a plurality of shooting nozzles 22 arranged on the sand shooting plate 18, wherein the sand shooting cylinder 16, the shooting head 17 and the sand shooting plate 18 form a sand shooting channel.
The sand blowing mechanism comprises a sand blowing supporting cylinder 19, a sand blowing plate 20, a plurality of isobaric injection nozzles 21 arranged on the sand blowing plate 20, a sand blowing storage cavity 11, wherein the sand blowing storage cavity 11 is positioned on one side of the sand blowing supporting cylinder 19 and communicated with the sand blowing supporting cylinder 19 through a side wall, the top of the sand blowing storage cavity 11 is provided with a top cover 12, a blowing closed cavity is formed, and the top cover 12 is connected with 2 sand blowing valves 13 and 1 sand adding valve 14.
An upper pressure head 15 is arranged above the sand shooting barrel 16.
The nozzle on the sand-blowing plate 20 and the nozzle on the sand-shooting plate 18, the nozzle 21 is a plurality of circular nozzle plates, see fig. 2 and fig. 3, each circular nozzle plate is distributed with a plurality of sand-shooting holes with big top and small bottom.
Referring to fig. 4, during sand blowing, the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards to form a sand blowing position with the core box, and the sand blowing support cylinder 19 and the sand blowing plate 20 are located at the sand blowing position; the upper pressure head 15 presses the sand shooting barrel 16 and presses the sand blowing supporting barrel 19 through the whole sand shooting mechanism to provide a mold locking force. Quantitative core sand is added through a sand adding valve 14, 2 sand blowing valves 13 are opened, the core sand is blown into a core box 10, the sand blowing amount is 80-90% of the mass of the sand core, and the sand blowing is completed as shown in fig. 5.
Referring to the attached figure 6, during sand shooting, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards to be pressed on the core box. The sand shooting valve (not shown in the figure) is opened, the core sand is shot into the core box, and the compaction of the sand core is completed at the same time. And (3) the sand shooting amount is generally 10-20% of the mass of the sand core, and the sand shooting is completed, as shown in fig. 7.
To verify the method of this example, core making tests were performed on different volumes of sand cores, the test procedure being described below.
(1) Vertical sand shooting core making test
Selecting a sand core with the height of 1.2 meters, and vertically shooting sand, wherein the sand core at the bottom of the sand core is not shot; the sand core has obvious defects;
selecting a sand core with the height of 1 meter, adopting vertical sand shooting, wherein the part of the sand core at the bottom of the sand core is not shot to be solid, the lower part of the sand core is compact, the upper part of the sand core is loose, and the sand core has defects;
the height of the sand core is selected to be 0.8 meter, vertical sand shooting is adopted, the sand core is nearly uniform and compact, and a small amount of floating sand is arranged on the upper portion of the sand core.
(2) Horizontal sand shooting and core making test
Selecting a large sand core: 2.4 m × 2m × 0.6 m, sand core mass: 2000L (about 2800 kg), and according to a horizontal sand shooting test in the direction of 0.6 meter of thickness, the upper plane of the sand core reaches 4.8 square meters;
and (3) test results: the lower part of the sand core is compact, the upper part of the sand core is loose, a large amount of floating sand exists on the upper plane, and the defect of the sand core is obvious.
(3) Core making method test of sand blowing first and sand shooting later
Selecting a large sand core: 2.4 m × 2m × 0.6 m, sand core mass: 2000L (about 2800 kg), vertical shot at a height of 2 meters, the test data are shown in the following table.
The test shows that:
the vertical sand shooting mode is adopted to prepare the large sand core, when the height of the sand core exceeds 1m, the lower part of the sand core is compact, the upper part of the sand core is loose, the sand core cannot be uniformly compact, and the sand core has obvious defects.
The horizontal sand shooting mode is adopted to prepare the large sand core, when the upper plane of the sand core exceeds 2 square meters, the upper plane floats more sand due to the gas-sand ratio, the sand core cannot be uniformly compacted, and the defect of the sand core is obvious.
The sand blowing mode can effectively solve the gas-sand ratio entering the core box, realize the ordered filling of core sand, and at the moment, the sand core is not completely compact; and (3) filling the core box by a sand shooting mode to leave core sand, and simultaneously compacting the sand core by high air pressure, so that the sand core is uniform and compact.
Analyzing test data, blowing sand: the isobaric injection nozzle effectively controls the gas-sand ratio entering the core box in the sand blowing process, and the data of the sand blowing amount, the sand blowing pressure and the sand blowing time are close to a linear relation. Sand shooting: and the sand shooting time is nearly consistent when the sand is shot at different high air pressures.
And (4) conclusion: the technical defects of the conventional sand shooting method for preparing the large sand core exist, and the method for preparing the large sand core by adopting the first sand blowing and the second sand shooting of the embodiment can effectively solve the technical defects and obtain the large sand core meeting the requirements.
Claims (9)
1. The core making method of the large sand core is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) providing a sand blowing mechanism, wherein the bottom end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with each inlet at the top of the core box, and the top end of the sand blowing mechanism is matched with the bottom end of the sand shooting mechanism; the sand blowing mechanism is provided with a sand blowing position moving between the sand shooting mechanism and the core box and a degree of freedom moving out of the position; the sand blowing mechanism is provided with a lateral sand feeding structure;
(2) moving the sand shooting mechanism upwards, moving the sand blowing mechanism into a sand blowing position, and moving the sand shooting mechanism downwards to press the sand blowing mechanism so that the bottom end of the sand blowing mechanism presses the core box;
(3) blowing sand: adding sand into a sand blowing mechanism and blowing air to enable core sand to enter a core box, wherein the sand blowing pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the sand blowing amount is 80-90% of the mass of the sand core;
(4) the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and then the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards and tightly presses the core box;
(5) sand shooting: injecting the residual core sand into a core box through a sand shooting mechanism, and simultaneously compacting the sand core, wherein the sand shooting pressure is 0.4-0.5 MPa;
(6) and (5) blowing and solidifying the sand core to finish core making.
2. The method of making a large sand core of claim 1, wherein: and (3) arranging an upper pressure head above a sand shooting barrel of the sand shooting mechanism, in the step (2), pressing the sand shooting mechanism, pressing the sand blowing mechanism by the upper pressure head, pressing the core box by the sand blowing mechanism to provide a mold locking force, and in the step (4), pressing the sand shooting mechanism and pressing the core box by the sand shooting mechanism by the upper pressure head to provide a mold locking force.
3. The method of making a large sand core of claim 1, wherein: in the sand blowing mechanism, a sand blowing support cylinder and a sand blowing plate at the bottom of the sand blowing support cylinder enter a sand blowing position, an isobaric injection nozzle is arranged on the sand blowing plate, and the fluctuation of the internal air pressure of a core box during sand blowing is less than 0.02MPa by the isobaric injection nozzle; and a shooting nozzle is arranged on a sand shooting plate of the sand shooting mechanism.
4. The method of making a large sand core of claim 3, wherein: when blowing sand, core sand and air flow are introduced from the side surface of the sand blowing supporting cylinder.
5. The method of making a large sand core of claim 3, wherein: the isobaric injection nozzle is a plurality of circular injection nozzle plates, and a plurality of sand injection holes with large upper parts and small lower parts are distributed on each circular injection nozzle plate.
6. The utility model provides a system core device of large-scale psammitolite, includes to penetrate sand mechanism, penetrate sand mechanism has the degree of freedom of up-and-down motion, penetrates sand mechanism and comprises penetrating a sand section of thick bamboo, penetrating the head, penetrating the sand board and setting up a plurality of mouths of penetrating on penetrating the sand board, its characterized in that: the sand blowing device is provided with a sand blowing mechanism, wherein the sand blowing mechanism comprises a sand blowing supporting cylinder, a sand blowing plate, a plurality of isobaric injection nozzles arranged on the sand blowing plate and a sand blowing storage cavity, the sand blowing storage cavity is positioned on one side of the sand blowing supporting cylinder and is communicated with the sand blowing supporting cylinder through the side wall, a top cover is arranged at the top of the sand blowing storage cavity, so that a blowing closed cavity is formed, and a sand blowing valve and a sand adding valve are connected to the top cover; when blowing sand, the sand shooting mechanism moves upwards to form a sand blowing position between the sand shooting mechanism and the core box, and the sand blowing support cylinder and the sand blowing plate are positioned at the sand blowing position; and during sand shooting, the sand blowing mechanism moves out of the sand blowing position, and the sand shooting mechanism moves downwards and is pressed on the core box.
7. The core making apparatus for a large sand core according to claim 6, wherein: the sand shooting device is provided with an upper pressure head, the upper pressure head is positioned above the sand shooting mechanism and has the freedom degree of up-and-down motion, and the upper pressure head is tightly pressed on the sand shooting barrel during sand blowing and sand shooting.
8. The core making apparatus for a large sand core according to claim 6, wherein: and the top cover is provided with 2 sand blowing valves and 1 sand adding valve.
9. The core making apparatus for a large sand core according to claim 6, wherein: the isobaric injection nozzle is a plurality of circular injection nozzle plates, and a plurality of sand injection holes with large upper parts and small lower parts are distributed on each circular injection nozzle plate.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110542010.8A CN113333687B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Core making method and device of large sand core |
| PCT/CN2021/142742 WO2022242183A1 (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-12-29 | Core-making method and apparatus for large sand core |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110542010.8A CN113333687B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Core making method and device of large sand core |
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| CN113333687A CN113333687A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
| CN113333687B true CN113333687B (en) | 2022-08-09 |
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| CN202110542010.8A Active CN113333687B (en) | 2021-05-18 | 2021-05-18 | Core making method and device of large sand core |
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| WO (1) | WO2022242183A1 (en) |
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| CN113333687B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-08-09 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Core making method and device of large sand core |
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| CN113333687B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-08-09 | 苏州明志科技股份有限公司 | Core making method and device of large sand core |
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2021
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202110542010.8A patent/CN113333687B/en active Active
- 2021-12-29 WO PCT/CN2021/142742 patent/WO2022242183A1/en active Application Filing
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| CN1159374A (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-09-17 | 新东工业株式会社 | Equipment and method for making sand-core |
| CN201979045U (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-09-21 | 河南省汤阴县华兴机械制造有限公司 | Core making machine for hub reduction gear shell |
| CN102861869A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-01-09 | 刘天平 | Pre-coated sand hot core box trial production device |
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| CN113333687A (en) | 2021-09-03 |
| WO2022242183A1 (en) | 2022-11-24 |
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Denomination of invention: A method and device for making large sand cores Effective date of registration: 20230628 Granted publication date: 20220809 Pledgee: China Minsheng Bank Co.,Ltd. Suzhou Branch Pledgor: Suzhou Mingzhi Technology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980045927 |