CN113326213A - Method for realizing address mapping in driver under Feiteng server platform - Google Patents
Method for realizing address mapping in driver under Feiteng server platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN113326213A CN113326213A CN202110563969.XA CN202110563969A CN113326213A CN 113326213 A CN113326213 A CN 113326213A CN 202110563969 A CN202110563969 A CN 202110563969A CN 113326213 A CN113326213 A CN 113326213A
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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- G06F12/00—Accessing, addressing or allocating within memory systems or architectures
- G06F12/02—Addressing or allocation; Relocation
- G06F12/06—Addressing a physical block of locations, e.g. base addressing, module addressing, memory dedication
- G06F12/0615—Address space extension
- G06F12/063—Address space extension for I/O modules, e.g. memory mapped I/O
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform, and belongs to the field of computers. The invention realizes the function of mapping the applied virtual address and the appointed physical address one by one in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system, the self-defined address mapping module realized in the kernel of the Linux operating system additionally provides a set of address mapping interfaces used by the kernel function module of the Linux operating system, and the function of mapping the virtual address and the physical address one by one is realized by configuring the page table items used by the kernel of the Linux operating system. The invention does not influence the address mapping function of the memory management subsystem in the kernel of the Linux operating system, improves the development freedom of the project driven by the specific requirement, can facilitate the modification of the functional module of the Linux operating system, and does not reduce the robustness and the portability of the functional module of the Linux operating system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of computers, and particularly relates to a method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform.
Background
The CPU accesses a Unit in the Memory by an address, where the address is divided into a virtual address and a physical address, and if the CPU does not have an MMU (Memory Management Unit) or has an MMU but is not enabled, the address sent by the CPU core when fetching an instruction or accessing the Memory is directly transmitted to an external address pin of the CPU chip and is directly received by the Memory chip, that is, the physical address. If the CPU enables the MMU, the address issued by the CPU core will be intercepted by the MMU, the address from the CPU to the MMU is called a virtual address, and the MMU translates this address into another address to be issued on an external address pin of the CPU chip, i.e., maps the virtual address to a physical address.
The processor of the current server is mainly based on the 64-bit address length, and the Linux operating system on the server can support the 64-bit address space at most. However, no address space of 64-bit length that can be supported by the Linux operating system is supported on a real server, because the current application has no large memory requirement. And the Linux operating system is a multi-process type operating system, each process has a respective user address space, and all the processes share the same kernel address space. Each process needs to dynamically map the addresses of the virtual address pages of the user address space used by the process to the physical memory pages. The operation of mapping the virtual address page to the physical address memory page is completed by the memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system kernel. The memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system kernel provides a function interface of the subsystem so as to be convenient for calling other function modules of the Linux operating system kernel. The block device access mechanism used by the server platform of the FT2000+ domestic processor is as described above.
The memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system completes the management work of all the virtual addresses and the physical addresses. In an actual engineering project, if the function module of the Linux operating system kernel needs to realize one-to-one mapping between the specified physical address and the applied virtual address. For example, in a driver module of a Linux operating system kernel, the driver module uses a specified physical memory to exchange a large amount of data with a shared data area of other driver modules. It is necessary to implement part of the functions of the Linux operating system memory management subsystem in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel. However, the page table base address cannot be obtained in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel, and the applied virtual address does not correspond to the physical address one to one, so that the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel cannot use the applied virtual address space. Otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel panic is generated to cause system crash. Therefore, the function of mapping the specified physical address and the applied virtual address one by one is realized in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel, the change amount is huge, and the robustness of the changed Linux operating system kernel is also poor. Meanwhile, the universality and the portability of the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel are also reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is how to provide a method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform, so as to solve the problems of large change and poor robustness of realizing the one-to-one mapping function of a specified physical address and an applied virtual address in a functional module of a Linux operating system kernel.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform, which comprises the following steps:
s1, powering on and starting the kernel of the Linux operating system, and entering a memory initialization stage; reserving a physical address space to be used, namely, the specified physical address space is not registered in a memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system; if the operation is successful, the operation goes to step S2, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alarmed, and then the default function module of the Linux operating system kernel is used;
s2, registering the successfully reserved physical address space into a resource linked list of a Linux operating system kernel;
s3, realizing a self-defined address mapping module, wherein the self-defined address module has the function of mapping the virtual address of the transmission interface with the physical address registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step, and the self-defined address mapping module provides a calling interface for the external module; the user-defined address mapping module can complete the mapping of the virtual address to the designated physical address, the step S4 is entered, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alarmed, and then the Linux operating system kernel default function module is used;
s4, entering an initialization stage of a kernel function module of the Linux operating system, and applying a virtual memory address space meeting the requirement from a memory management subsystem of a kernel of the Linux operating system by the kernel function module of the Linux operating system;
s5, the Linux operating system kernel function module acquires the reserved physical address space from the resource chain table which is registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step S2;
s6, calling the interface provided by the self-defined address mapping module realized in the step S2 and called by the external module, and realizing the interface of the address mapping function in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system;
and S7, in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system, mapping between the applied virtual address space and the reserved physical address space is realized by using the interface of the address mapping function.
Further, the Feiteng server platform is a 64-bit machine, and bit widths of the virtual address and the physical address are 64 bits.
Further, the effective bit width of the virtual address of the operating system run by the Feiteng server platform is 48 bits.
Further, the size of the physical address space reserved in the step S1 is defined by itself according to the requirement.
Further, the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, realizing a self-defined address mapping module, transmitting the first address of the virtual address space and the first address of the physical address space received by the self-defined address mapping module through a calling interface to a standard address mapping interface function provided in a kernel of the Linux operating system, and transmitting the size of the virtual address space to be mapped into the standard address mapping interface function provided by the kernel of the Linux operating system, so as to realize the configuration of page table items of the Linux operating system according to the virtual address and the physical address;
s32, configuring the attribute of the page table item according to the interface of the standard configuration page table item attribute provided by the Linux operating system kernel.
Further, the attribute of the page table entry includes NO _ BLOCK _ MAPPINGS for marking a MAPPING that restricts the BLOCK _ MAPPING megapage.
Further, the attribute of the page table entry includes NO _ CONT _ MAPPINGS, which is used to mark a physical page whose mapping is restricted from being continuous.
Further, the virtual memory address space applied in step S4 is 1 GB.
Further, in the step S5, when the reserved physical address space is acquired, the Linux operating system kernel function module further acquires a physical address head address and a size of the reserved physical address space.
Further, the step S7 is further configured to configure the page table when mapping the requested virtual address space and the reserved physical address space is performed by using the interface of the address mapping function.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform, which realizes the function of mapping an applied virtual address and an appointed physical address one by one in a kernel function module of a Linux operating system. The self-defined address mapping module realized in the Linux operating system kernel additionally provides a set of address mapping interfaces used by the Linux operating system kernel function module, and realizes the one-to-one mapping function of the virtual address and the physical address by configuring the page table item used by the Linux operating system kernel. However, it is very complicated to implement mapping between the virtual address and the specified physical address in the kernel function module in the Linux operating system kernel, and the stability of the Linux operating system kernel is reduced. The invention realizes a self-defined address mapping module which is specially used in a functional module of the kernel of the Linux operating system in a standard interface for mapping a virtual address and a physical address in the kernel of the Linux operating system, and packages the self-defined address mapping module into an interface used by other functional modules. The invention can not influence the address mapping function of the memory management subsystem in the kernel of the Linux operating system. The development freedom degree of engineering driven by specific requirements is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the technical method provided by the invention provides a set of functional interfaces for realizing one-to-one correspondence of the designated virtual address and the physical address for the kernel module of the Linux operating system. When a certain physical address needs to be used in the Linux operating system kernel, the functional module of the Linux operating system can be conveniently modified, and the robustness and the portability of the Linux operating system functional module cannot be reduced. And the method can be compatible with the running of the existing application program on the system, and cannot influence the existing user space program.
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FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for address mapping according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
The effective bit width of a virtual address of an operating system running on the FT2000+ new-generation domestic multi-core processor reaches 48 bits. And the virtual address space in the operating system that is available for allocation to the block device is up to 512 TB. The method mainly realizes the one-to-one mapping function of the appointed virtual address and the appointed physical address in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel. The functional module of the Linux operating system kernel can use the designated physical address to perform functions such as data storage, transmission, control and the like. And the robustness of the kernel of the Linux operating system cannot be reduced after the change, and the universality and the portability of the functional module of the kernel of the Linux operating system cannot be reduced. And the user can conveniently carry out secondary development on the kernel of the Linux operating system.
On a 64-bit machine, both the virtual and physical addresses are 64 bits wide. The aforementioned 48 bits are effective bit wide, i.e., 0xFFFF xxxx xxxx xxxx, and the upper 16 bits are 1, i.e., four F of the upper address.
The invention realizes that a virtual address space is applied through the Linux operating system memory management subsystem in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel and is mapped with the appointed physical address space one by one. Therefore, reading and writing of the applied virtual address space in the functional module of the Linux operating system kernel are substantially reading and writing of the specified physical address space. The specific implementation steps of the invention are shown with reference to fig. 1. The method comprises the following specific steps.
And S1, powering on and starting the kernel of the Linux operating system, and entering a memory initialization stage. And reserving a physical address space required to be used, namely, the specified physical address space is not registered in a memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system. The size of the reserved physical address space is self-defined according to the requirement. If the result is successful, the step S2 is entered, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alerted, and then the default function module of the Linux operating system kernel is used.
S2, registering the successfully reserved physical address space into a resource linked list of a Linux operating system kernel;
and S3, realizing a custom address mapping module, wherein the custom address module has the function of mapping the virtual address of the transmission interface with the physical address registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step, and the custom address mapping module provides a calling interface for the external module. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
s31, the user-defined address mapping module transmits the first address of the virtual address space and the first address of the physical address space received by the calling interface to a standard address mapping interface function provided by the kernel of the Linux operating system, and transmits the size of the virtual address space to be mapped into the standard address mapping interface function provided by the kernel of the Linux operating system, so as to configure the page table entry of the Linux operating system according to the virtual address and the physical address.
S32, configuring the attribute of the page table item according to the interface of the standard configuration page table item attribute provided by the Linux operating system kernel. For example, the attribute NO _ BLOCK _ MAPPING is used to mark the MAPPING of the restricted BLOCK _ MAPPING megapage, and the attribute NO _ CONT _ MAPPING is used to mark the consecutive physical pages of the restricted MAPPING. The invention uses page table item of attribute NO _ BLOCK _ MAPPINGS configuration.
And the user-defined address mapping module can map the virtual address to the specified physical address, the step S4 is carried out, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alarmed, and then the default function module of the Linux operating system kernel is used.
S4, entering an initialization stage of the Linux operating system kernel function module, and applying a virtual memory address space meeting the requirement from the memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system kernel by the Linux operating system kernel function module.
S5, the Linux operating system kernel function module acquires the reserved physical address space from the resource linked list which is registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step S2. And the Linux operating system kernel function module acquires the head address and the size of the physical address of the reserved physical address space.
S6, calling the interface for calling the external module provided by the self-defined address mapping module realized in the step S2, and realizing the interface of the address mapping function in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system. That is, mapping a block of virtual address space, for example, 1GB, applied by the functional module to the physical address space reserved in step 1 is implemented in the Linux operating system kernel.
S7, in the Linux operating system kernel function module, mapping between the applied virtual address space and the reserved physical address space is realized by using the interface of the address mapping function, and a page table is configured.
The invention realizes the function of mapping the applied virtual address and the appointed physical address one by one in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system. The self-defined address mapping module realized in the Linux operating system kernel additionally provides a set of address mapping interfaces used by the Linux operating system kernel function module, and realizes the one-to-one mapping function of the virtual address and the physical address by configuring the page table item used by the Linux operating system kernel. However, it is very complicated to implement mapping between the virtual address and the specified physical address in the kernel function module in the Linux operating system kernel, and the stability of the Linux operating system kernel is reduced. The invention realizes a self-defined address mapping module which is specially used in a functional module of the kernel of the Linux operating system in a standard interface for mapping a virtual address and a physical address in the kernel of the Linux operating system, and packages the self-defined address mapping module into an interface used by other functional modules. The invention can not influence the address mapping function of the memory management subsystem in the kernel of the Linux operating system. The development freedom degree of engineering driven by specific requirements is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the technical method provided by the invention provides a set of functional interfaces for realizing one-to-one correspondence of the designated virtual address and the physical address for the kernel module of the Linux operating system. When a certain physical address needs to be used in the Linux operating system kernel, the functional module of the Linux operating system can be conveniently modified, and the robustness and the portability of the Linux operating system functional module cannot be reduced. And the method can be compatible with the running of the existing application program on the system, and cannot influence the existing user space program.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for realizing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, powering on and starting the kernel of the Linux operating system, and entering a memory initialization stage; reserving a physical address space to be used, namely, the specified physical address space is not registered in a memory management subsystem of the Linux operating system; if the operation is successful, the operation goes to step S2, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alarmed, and then the default function module of the Linux operating system kernel is used;
s2, registering the successfully reserved physical address space into a resource linked list of a Linux operating system kernel;
s3, realizing a self-defined address mapping module, wherein the self-defined address module has the function of mapping the virtual address of the transmission interface with the physical address registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step, and the self-defined address mapping module provides a calling interface for the external module; the user-defined address mapping module can complete the mapping of the virtual address to the designated physical address, the step S4 is entered, otherwise, the Linux operating system kernel is alarmed, and then the Linux operating system kernel default function module is used;
s4, entering an initialization stage of a kernel function module of the Linux operating system, and applying a virtual memory address space meeting the requirement from a memory management subsystem of a kernel of the Linux operating system by the kernel function module of the Linux operating system;
s5, the Linux operating system kernel function module acquires the reserved physical address space from the resource chain table which is registered in the Linux operating system kernel in the step S2;
s6, calling the interface provided by the self-defined address mapping module realized in the step S2 and called by the external module, and realizing the interface of the address mapping function in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system;
and S7, in the kernel function module of the Linux operating system, mapping between the applied virtual address space and the reserved physical address space is realized by using the interface of the address mapping function.
2. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform according to claim 1, wherein the Feiteng server platform is a 64-bit machine, and bit widths of the virtual address and the physical address are 64 bits.
3. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under a Feiteng server platform according to claim 2, wherein an effective bit width of a virtual address of an operating system running on the Feiteng server platform is 48 bits.
4. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under the Feiteng Server platform as claimed in claim 2, wherein the size of the physical address space reserved in step S1 is self-defined according to the requirement.
5. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under the Feiteng Server platform according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the step S3 specifically includes the following steps:
s31, realizing a self-defined address mapping module, transmitting the first address of the virtual address space and the first address of the physical address space received by the self-defined address mapping module through a calling interface to a standard address mapping interface function provided in a kernel of the Linux operating system, and transmitting the size of the virtual address space to be mapped into the standard address mapping interface function provided by the kernel of the Linux operating system, so as to realize the configuration of page table items of the Linux operating system according to the virtual address and the physical address;
s32, configuring the attribute of the page table item according to the interface of the standard configuration page table item attribute provided by the Linux operating system kernel.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the attribute of the page table entry comprises NO _ BLOCK _ MAPPING for marking a MAPPING that restricts BLOCK _ MAPPING megapages.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the attribute of the page table entry comprises NO _ CONT _ MAPPINGS for marking a physical page that restricts the mapping from continuing.
8. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under the FT server platform according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the virtual memory address space applied in the step S4 is 1 GB.
9. The method for implementing address mapping in a driver under the Feiteng Server platform according to claim 1 or 5, wherein in the step S5, when acquiring the reserved physical address space, the Linux operating system kernel function module further acquires the physical address head address and size of the reserved physical address space.
10. The method for implementing address mapping in driver under the Feiteng Server platform as in claim 1 or 5, wherein the step S7 is further configured with page table when mapping the requested virtual address space with the reserved physical address space is implemented by using the interface of the address mapping function.
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