CN113314931A - Intermediate infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering - Google Patents

Intermediate infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113314931A
CN113314931A CN202110582574.4A CN202110582574A CN113314931A CN 113314931 A CN113314931 A CN 113314931A CN 202110582574 A CN202110582574 A CN 202110582574A CN 113314931 A CN113314931 A CN 113314931A
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optical fiber
arsenic selenide
light
brillouin scattering
stimulated brillouin
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Inventor
路元刚
黄剑
吴政南
谢有文
赫崇君
左敦稳
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/30—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects
    • H01S3/302—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre

Abstract

The invention provides a mid-infrared laser amplitude limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, which is formed by sequentially arranging an optical beam shrinking system, an arsenic selenide optical fiber and an optical beam expanding system, wherein a light beam emitted by the optical beam shrinking system passes through the arsenic selenide optical fiber and then is emitted from the optical beam expanding system; as the power density of the incident light increases, the power density of the light reaches or exceeds the threshold of stimulated brillouin scattering in the backward direction of the optical fiber, and a large part of the energy of the incident light is transferred to the backward stokes light to be scattered back. Aiming at the 3-5 mu m mid-infrared wide spectrum laser, the invention realizes the high transmission of weak light and the high attenuation of strong light, and effectively plays the role of mid-infrared laser nonlinear amplitude limiting.

Description

Intermediate infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of nonlinear fiber optics, guided wave optics, infrared optics and the like, in particular to a mid-infrared laser amplitude limiter device based on arsenic selenide fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, which can be applied to nonlinear laser amplitude limiting occasions requiring weak light with high transmittance and strong light with high attenuation.
Background
The intermediate infrared band is used as an atmospheric communication window, and has important application value and wide prospect in various fields such as industry, medical treatment, communication, military and the like. With the development of detection technology of mid-infrared wave band, infrared imaging seeker and infrared imaging detector play important role in many applications due to the characteristics of high sensitivity, long detection distance and the like. Strong laser is an important means for interfering infrared imaging detection, and a detection system is saturated, interfered, blinded and even damaged by irradiation of mid-infrared laser.
At present, a protection method aiming at strong laser interference is mainly based on linear optics, nonlinear optics and a thermally induced phase change principle. The amplitude limiting technology based on the linear optical principle can protect laser with specific wavelength, and is sensitive to the wavelength but insensitive to the light intensity. The disadvantage is that the laser in the protective wave band is attenuated indiscriminately, and if the working wave band of the photoelectric detector is consistent with the wave band of the attack laser, the protective effect cannot be exerted. The amplitude limiting method based on the nonlinear optical principle mainly utilizes the third-order optical nonlinear effect of an amplitude limiting medium, which mainly comprises nonlinear absorption, nonlinear refraction, nonlinear reflection and nonlinear scattering. The nonlinear absorption mainly comprises two types of reverse saturation absorption and two-photon absorption, and is characterized by relatively high response speed but limited attenuation to strong laser. The nonlinear reflection type utilizes a nonlinear interface between a linear material and a nonlinear material to destroy the condition of total reflection so as to realize optical amplitude limiting. Nonlinear scattering can be roughly divided into two cases, one is levitationLiquid light scatters, but precipitates appear after long-term storage, and the stability is generally poor; the other is the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect, and the energy of strong incident light is transferred to backward Stokes light, so that the purpose of amplitude limiting is achieved. In addition, the protection by using the thermotropic phase transition principle means that the material is converted from a transparent semiconductor state into an opaque metal state under laser irradiation, and then amplitude limiting is performed. Typical phase change materials such as VO2However, since the phase change of the thin film needs to absorb a certain amount of light energy to reach the temperature required by the phase change, the thin film often does not have the amplitude limiting effect on short pulse laser with low repetition frequency.
The existing design of an infrared laser protective film belongs to the linear laser amplitude limiting range, and has higher transmittance at a middle infrared wavelength range of 3-5 mu m, so that the method can not effectively prevent the interference and the damage of strong laser of 3-5 mu m. Currently, there are several VOs based on phase change2The infrared laser protection has the advantages of high phase change temperature, long response time and low laser damage threshold, and a photoelectric detector can be damaged before phase change. In addition, the existing protection method is difficult to realize higher weak light transmittance in a 3-5 mu m mid-infrared wide spectrum and has the capability of high attenuation to strong laser.
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention designs the intermediate infrared laser limiter based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering. As a commonly used communication transmission optical fiber in a middle infrared band, the arsenic selenide optical fiber ensures higher linear transmittance under weak light, and simultaneously transfers most energy of incident light to backward Stokes to scatter the light back by utilizing a backward stimulated Brillouin scattering effect, thereby realizing high attenuation under strong light.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the intermediate infrared laser amplitude limiter device based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, which can realize high transmission of weak light and high attenuation of strong light aiming at 3-5 mu m intermediate infrared wide spectrum laser and effectively play a role in intermediate infrared laser nonlinear amplitude limiting.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
mid-infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, wherein: the amplitude limiter is formed by sequentially arranging an optical beam shrinking system, an arsenic selenide optical fiber and an optical beam expanding system, wherein a light beam emitted by the optical beam shrinking system is emitted from the optical beam expanding system after passing through the arsenic selenide optical fiber, the arsenic selenide optical fiber has higher weak light transmittance, weaker incident laser enters the arsenic selenide optical fiber through the optical beam shrinking system, the light power density of the weaker incident laser cannot reach the threshold value of backward stimulated Brillouin scattering generated by the optical fiber, the light can be normally transmitted forward, and the high transmission of the weak light is realized; with the increase of the power density of the incident light, the optical power density reaches or exceeds the threshold value of backward stimulated Brillouin scattering of the optical fiber, and the great part of energy of the incident light is transferred to backward Stokes light to be scattered back, so that the space light passing through the optical beam expanding system is greatly attenuated, and the amplitude limiting of the intermediate infrared broad spectrum laser with high weak light transmittance and high strong light attenuation is realized.
In order to optimize the technical scheme, the specific measures adopted further comprise:
the diameter of the emergent beam of the optical beam shrinking system and the diameter of the incident beam of the optical beam expanding system are equal to the diameter of the fiber core of the arsenic selenide optical fiber.
For mid-infrared incident laser with the wavelength of 3-5 mu m, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5dB/m, the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is not more than 1m, and when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 1m and more than 0.5m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 90%; when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 95%.
The medium infrared laser limiter is suitable for a medium infrared laser limiter with an incident laser wavelength of 3.6 mu m and based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.48dB/m, the fiber core diameter is 100 mu m, the cladding diameter is 170 mu m, when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 1m, the weak light transmittance of the medium infrared laser limiter is 90%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.39GW/cm2When the transmittance is not higher than 0.98%, the normalized transmittance is not higher than 0.98%.
Is suitable for the intermediate infrared laser limiter with the incident laser wavelength of 3.6 mu m and based on the backward stimulated Brillouin scattering of the arsenic selenide optical fiber, and the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.48dB/mThe diameter of the fiber core is 100 mu m, the diameter of the cladding is 170 mu m, when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.5m, the weak light transmittance of the intermediate infrared laser limiter is 95%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.45GW/cm2When the transmittance is 1.29%, the normalized transmittance is obtained.
The beam amplification ratios of the optical beam reducing system and the optical beam expanding system can be determined according to the incident beam and the emergent beam diameters of the amplitude limiter. The optical beam shrinking system is utilized to couple the space laser into the arsenic selenide optical fiber, so that the characteristic that the gain coefficient of the arsenic selenide stimulated Brillouin scattering is large can be exerted, the characteristic that the optical fiber has long acting distance as a backward stimulated Brillouin scattering medium can be fully exerted, and the nonlinear amplitude limiting effect on the incident laser is realized. Meanwhile, the arsenic selenide optical fiber is used as a common communication transmission optical fiber in a middle infrared band, high linear transmittance under weak light is guaranteed, and laser transmitted in the optical fiber is converted into space light by an optical beam expanding system of the amplitude limiter, so that the space light is convenient to capture and sense by a rear photoelectric detector. The invention can realize high transmission of weak light and high attenuation of strong light aiming at 3-5 mu m mid-infrared wide-spectrum laser, and effectively plays a role in mid-infrared laser nonlinear amplitude limiting.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of the stimulated brillouin scattering limiter of the arsenic selenide optical fiber of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a 3.6 μm laser limiting experimental optical path diagram of the arsenic selenide optical fiber of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of normalized transmittance versus incident light power density for a 1m arsenic selenide optical fiber of the invention.
FIG. 4 shows the transmission pulse shape of the 1m arsenic selenide optical fiber of the invention at different incident light power densities.
FIG. 5 is a graph of normalized transmittance versus incident optical power density for a 0.5m arsenic selenide optical fiber of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of the transmission pulse shape of a 0.5m arsenic selenide optical fiber of the present invention at different incident optical power densities.
Detailed Description
Examples of the present invention are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mid-infrared laser limiter device based on the stimulated brillouin scattering after arsenic selenide optical fiber is processed, where the limiter device is composed of an optical beam shrinking system, an arsenic selenide optical fiber, and an optical beam expanding system, and an outgoing beam diameter of the optical beam shrinking system and an incident beam diameter of the optical beam expanding system are equal to a fiber core diameter of the arsenic selenide optical fiber. The beam magnification of the optical beam reducing system and the optical beam expanding system can be determined according to the incident beam and the emergent beam diameters of the amplitude limiter.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the core of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 100 μm, and the beam magnifications of the optical beam shrinking system and the optical beam expanding system are both 5 times. The optical beam shrinking system is utilized to couple the space laser into the arsenic selenide optical fiber, so that the characteristic that the gain coefficient of the arsenic selenide stimulated Brillouin scattering is large can be exerted, the characteristic that the optical fiber has long acting distance as a backward stimulated Brillouin scattering medium can be fully exerted, and the nonlinear amplitude limiting effect on the incident laser is realized. Meanwhile, the arsenic selenide optical fiber is used as a common communication transmission optical fiber in a middle infrared band, high linear transmittance under weak light is guaranteed, and laser transmitted in the optical fiber is converted into space light by an optical beam expanding system of the amplitude limiter, so that the space light is convenient to capture and sense by a rear photoelectric detector. The invention can realize high transmission of weak light and high attenuation of strong light aiming at 3-5 mu m mid-infrared wide-spectrum laser, and effectively plays a role in mid-infrared laser nonlinear amplitude limiting.
For mid-infrared incident laser with the wavelength of 3-5 mu m, in the arsenic selenide optical fiber BSBS (Backward Stimulated Brillouin Scattering) amplitude limiter, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5dB/m, in order to ensure higher weak light linear transmittance, the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is not more than 1m, and when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 1m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 90%; when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 95%. For an incident laser with a wavelength of 3.6 μm, the loss of the fiber in the BSBS limiter of the arsenic selenide fiber is 0.48dB/m, the diameter of the core is 100 μm, and the diameter of the cladding is 170 μm. When the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 1m, the weak light transmittance of the BSBS amplitude limiter of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 90%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.39GW/cm2Normalized transmittance thereof0.98 percent; when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.5m, the weak light transmittance of the BSBS amplitude limiter of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 95%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.45GW/cm2When the transmittance is 1.29%, the normalized transmittance is obtained.
An arsenic selenide optical fiber 3.6 mu m laser amplitude limiting experiment light path is shown in figure 2, a laser emits mid-infrared pulse laser with the center wavelength of 3.6 mu m, the pulse width is 10ns, the pulse frequency is 1Hz, the pulse energy is measured through an energy meter after passing through a mid-infrared filter with the transmittance of 10%, 20 laser output pulse energies are recorded at each data point respectively, and the average value is obtained. And the optical fiber coupler is adjusted to be collimated by the three-dimensional ultrahigh precision manual translation stage, the spatial light is coupled into the arsenic selenide optical fiber through the optical fiber coupler, and finally the output energy is detected through a rear photoelectric detector, so that the change relation of the transmittance of the optical fiber with the incident light power density is measured.
In this example, fig. 3 shows the relationship between the normalized transmittance of the arsenic selenide optical fiber with a length of 1m and the incident light power density, as the incident light power density increases, the transmittance decreases rapidly due to the stimulated brillouin scattering effect in the arsenic selenide optical fiber, and as the incident light power density continues to increase, the rate of decrease of the transmittance slows down gradually, and from the experimental result, the normalized transmittance finally decreases from 100% to 0.98%. FIG. 4 shows the transmitted light pulse shape observed by an oscilloscope for a length of 1m of arsenic selenide fiber at different incident light power densities. In fig. 4(a), the pulse shape approximates the gaussian shape of the incident pulse, with the increase in optical power density, on the one hand, the pulse amplitude begins to increase, and on the other hand, the pulse trailing edge begins to drop steeply as the incident optical power density reaches the SBS threshold, and a "power plateau" appears as shown in fig. 4 (b). The SBS effect is more pronounced with further increase in incident optical power density, but there is no significant change in transmitted pulse amplitude, consistent with the clipping results, as shown in fig. 4(c) and 4 (d).
Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the normalized transmittance of the arsenic selenide optical fiber with the length of 0.5m and the incident light power density, and for the same 3.6 μm pulsed laser light source, the normalized transmittance of the arsenic selenide optical fiber with the length of 0.5m is finally reduced from 100% to 1.29% by being limited by the maximum output energy of the light source. The variation of the transmission pulse shape of the 0.5m long arsenic selenide optical fiber with the increase of the incident light power density is shown in fig. 6, the SBS effect is more and more obvious with the increase of the incident light power density, and the variation trend of the optical fiber is similar to that of the 1m arsenic selenide optical fiber, and is consistent with the amplitude limiting result.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. Mid-infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering is characterized in that: the amplitude limiter is formed by sequentially arranging an optical beam shrinking system, an arsenic selenide optical fiber and an optical beam expanding system, wherein a light beam emitted by the optical beam shrinking system is emitted from the optical beam expanding system after passing through the arsenic selenide optical fiber, the arsenic selenide optical fiber has higher weak light transmittance, weaker incident laser enters the arsenic selenide optical fiber through the optical beam shrinking system, the light power density of the weaker incident laser cannot reach the threshold value of backward stimulated Brillouin scattering generated by the optical fiber, the light can be normally transmitted forward, and the high transmission of the weak light is realized; with the increase of the power density of the incident light, the optical power density reaches or exceeds the threshold value of backward stimulated Brillouin scattering of the optical fiber, and the great part of energy of the incident light is transferred to backward Stokes light to be scattered back, so that the space light passing through the optical beam expanding system is greatly attenuated, and the amplitude limiting of the intermediate infrared broad spectrum laser with high weak light transmittance and high strong light attenuation is realized.
2. The mid-infrared laser limiter based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated brillouin scattering according to claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the emergent light beam of the optical beam shrinking system and the diameter of the incident light beam of the optical beam expanding system are equal to the diameter of the fiber core of the arsenic selenide optical fiber.
3. The mid-infrared laser limiter based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated brillouin scattering according to claim 2, wherein: for mid-infrared incident laser with the wavelength of 3-5 mu m, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5dB/m, the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is not more than 1m, and when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 1m and more than 0.5m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 90%; when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is less than 0.5m, the weak light transmittance is higher than 95%.
4. The mid-infrared laser limiter based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated brillouin scattering according to claim 2, wherein: the medium infrared laser limiter is suitable for a medium infrared laser limiter with an incident laser wavelength of 3.6 mu m and based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.48dB/m, the fiber core diameter is 100 mu m, the cladding diameter is 170 mu m, when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 1m, the weak light transmittance of the medium infrared laser limiter is 90%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.39GW/cm2When the transmittance is not higher than 0.98%, the normalized transmittance is not higher than 0.98%.
5. The mid-infrared laser limiter based on the arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated brillouin scattering according to claim 2, wherein: the medium infrared laser limiter is suitable for a medium infrared laser limiter with an incident laser wavelength of 3.6 mu m and based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering, the loss of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.48dB/m, the fiber core diameter is 100 mu m, the cladding diameter is 170 mu m, when the length of the arsenic selenide optical fiber is 0.5m, the weak light transmittance of the medium infrared laser limiter is 95%, and when the optical power density is more than 2.45GW/cm2When the transmittance is 1.29%, the normalized transmittance is obtained.
CN202110582574.4A 2021-05-27 2021-05-27 Intermediate infrared laser limiter based on arsenic selenide optical fiber backward stimulated Brillouin scattering Pending CN113314931A (en)

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US20060198397A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-07 Andrey Korolev Pulsed cascaded raman laser
CN101604108A (en) * 2009-07-17 2009-12-16 哈尔滨工业大学 The amplitude limit method of stimulated Brillouin scattering light limiter
US20180109078A1 (en) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 UNIVERSITé LAVAL Mid-infrared laser system, mid-infrared optical amplifier, and method of operating a mid-infrared laser system

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060198397A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-07 Andrey Korolev Pulsed cascaded raman laser
CN101604108A (en) * 2009-07-17 2009-12-16 哈尔滨工业大学 The amplitude limit method of stimulated Brillouin scattering light limiter
US20180109078A1 (en) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 UNIVERSITé LAVAL Mid-infrared laser system, mid-infrared optical amplifier, and method of operating a mid-infrared laser system

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Title
WEIQING GAO ET AL.: "Stimulated Brillouin scattering by the interaction between different-order optical and acoustical modes in an As2Se3 photonic crystal fiber", 《CHINESE OPTICS LETTERS》 *
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