CN113278605B - Complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113278605B CN113278605B CN202110381669.XA CN202110381669A CN113278605B CN 113278605 B CN113278605 B CN 113278605B CN 202110381669 A CN202110381669 A CN 202110381669A CN 113278605 B CN113278605 B CN 113278605B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- kitchen waste
- sodium alginate
- phenylthiourea
- aminophenyl
- water
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- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- KPAUUJWXEALZDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-aminophenyl)-1-phenylthiourea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(N)C=1N(C(=S)N)C1=CC=CC=C1 KPAUUJWXEALZDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/006—Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0084—Guluromannuronans, e.g. alginic acid, i.e. D-mannuronic acid and D-guluronic acid units linked with alternating alpha- and beta-1,4-glycosidic bonds; Derivatives thereof, e.g. alginates
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- C12N11/04—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel or hollow fibres
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- C12N11/084—Polymers containing vinyl alcohol units
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- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/48—Hydrolases (3) acting on peptide bonds (3.4)
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- C12N9/6424—Serine endopeptidases (3.4.21)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the composite enzyme preparation is obtained by embedding the composite enzyme by using the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and the polyvinyl alcohol, and the lipase, the cellulose hydrolase and the proteolytic enzyme are used as the composite enzyme, so that macromolecular organic matters in the kitchen waste can be rapidly degraded, the defect that the water vapor condition is not easy to control in the fermentation process of the kitchen waste is overcome, the existence and degradation of anaerobic bacteria are avoided, the water vapor condition does not need to be adjusted, odor is not generated, the organic matters in the waste can be rapidly and efficiently degraded at normal temperature, the treatment effect is good, the degradation products are water and carbon dioxide, and secondary pollution is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, a preparation method and application.
Background
The kitchen waste is domestic waste formed in the living process of residents, mainly comes from food processing waste and dining table residue generated in families, dining halls, schools, catering industries and the like, and is more and more along with the improvement of the living standard of people. The kitchen waste is complex in components, is a mixture of various substances such as water, oil, vegetables, rice flour, fish, meat, bones and the like, mainly contains organic substances such as fibers, proteins, grease and the like, has high organic matter content and high water content, is easy to decay and smell, and can decay and deteriorate in a short time and generate stink particularly in summer when the kitchen waste is stacked everywhere, so that the environmental pollution is caused, and the health of people is influenced. With the proposal of the sustainable development concept, the environmental protection consciousness of people is strengthened, and the treatment of the kitchen waste is more and more emphasized.
At present, the treatment modes of the kitchen waste mainly comprise sanitary landfill, incineration, microbial treatment and the like, wherein the microbes have obvious advantages compared with other treatment methods. The kitchen waste microbial decomposition technology is to utilize the metabolic activity of microbes to perform various reactions such as oxidation reduction, decarboxylation, deamination, dehydration, esterification and the like to degrade macromolecular organic matters into micromolecular organic matters. The microbial decomposition technology of the kitchen waste comprises an aerobic process and an anaerobic process, wherein no matter the aerobic decomposition or the anaerobic hydrolysis is carried out, the degradation of macromolecular organic matters by microorganisms is realized by secreted extracellular enzymes, and the extracellular enzymes decompose natural high polymers such as polysaccharide, protein, nucleic acid and the like through the hydrolysis and gradually change the natural high polymers into small molecular substances which can pass through a cell plasma membrane and be absorbed and utilized. Therefore, the garbage is directly treated by the microorganisms, so that odor such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas and the like can be avoided, oxygen required by aerobic microorganisms is not required to be provided, and the energy consumption is reduced. Therefore, the method has a great market prospect for treating the kitchen waste by using the microbial enzyme. However, the technology for directly treating the kitchen waste by using the microbial enzyme is not mature at present, so that it is necessary to develop a complex enzyme preparation which is simple and convenient to operate and has a good treatment effect for treating the kitchen waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the application of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea in a complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, the complex enzyme preparation is prepared by using the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea, polyvinyl alcohol coated lipase, cellulose hydrolase and proteolytic enzyme, and the complex enzyme and a carrier have a synergistic effect, so that the complex enzyme preparation has stronger mass transfer capacity, can rapidly and efficiently degrade organic matters in the waste at normal temperature, has a good treatment effect, is water and carbon dioxide as degradation products, and has no secondary pollution.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
In the first aspect, the application of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea in preparing a complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste is disclosed, wherein the grafting rate of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is 24-35%.
The application comprises the step of taking sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol as carriers of the complex enzyme preparation.
In the application, the weight ratio of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1: 3-5.
The preparation method of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea comprises the following steps:
1) adding deionized water in an amount which is 40-50 times the weight of sodium alginate, stirring for 2-6 hours, and adjusting the pH to 3-3.5 by using 0.5-1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a sodium alginate solution;
2) slowly adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride into the sodium alginate solution, maintaining the pH of the solution at 3-3.5, and stirring for reacting for 5-10 min;
3) adding N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea into the solution, and reacting for 16-24 h at room temperature in a dark place;
4) after the reaction is finished, precipitating the reaction product by using absolute ethyl alcohol, dialyzing overnight, and freeze-drying to obtain the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea.
Further, in the step 1), the weight average molecular weight of the sodium alginate is 50-80 ten thousand.
Further, in the step 1), the stirring speed is 400-800 r/min.
Further, in the step 2), the addition amount of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride is 0.5-0.8 time of the weight of the sodium alginate, and the addition speed is 2-3 g/min.
Further, in the step 2), the stirring speed is 200-600 r/min.
Furthermore, in the step 3), the addition amount of the N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is 0.35-0.5 times of the weight of the sodium alginate.
Further, in the step 3), the aperture of the dialyzing bag for dialysis is 800-1000 Da.
According to the invention, the N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is used for carrying out graft modification on the sodium alginate, the water solubility of the modified sodium alginate is reduced, the strength is improved, the stability is improved, the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and the polyvinyl alcohol are used as immobilized carriers to coat the complex enzyme, the carrier porosity is high, the specific surface area is large, and the complex enzyme has a good protection effect, so that the complex enzyme preparation has a strong mass transfer capability, the activity and the thermal stability of the complex enzyme can be improved, the degradation of organic matters in the kitchen waste by the complex enzyme preparation is accelerated, the decrement treatment of the kitchen waste is increased, the removal effect of nitrogen-containing compounds can be improved, and the treatment capability of the waste is strong.
In a second aspect, a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste comprises:
complex enzyme, including lipase, cellulolytic enzyme, proteolytic enzyme;
adjuvants including glucose, riboflavin ester derivatives, and geniposide;
a carrier comprising polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea as described in the first aspect.
According to the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste, provided by the invention, active ingredients including the lipase, the cellulose hydrolase and the proteolytic enzyme can be used for rapidly degrading macromolecular organic matters in the kitchen waste, so that the defect that the water vapor condition is not easy to control in the fermentation process of the kitchen waste is avoided, anaerobic bacteria do not exist and do not degrade, the water vapor condition does not need to be adjusted, and odor is not generated; the research finds that the auxiliary material can improve the activity of hydrolase, so that the degradation rate of the hydrolase on organic matters is obviously improved; the sodium alginate is used for grafting N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol to carry out embedding treatment on the complex enzyme, the carrier has a porous structure, the complex enzyme has high loading capacity and high enzyme activity; the complex enzyme and the carrier have synergistic effect, so that the complex enzyme preparation has stronger mass transfer capacity, can quickly and efficiently degrade organic matters in the garbage at normal temperature, has good treatment effect, and has no secondary pollution because degradation products are water and carbon dioxide.
Further, the weight ratio of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1: 3-5.
Further, the polymerization degree of the polyvinyl alcohol is 1700-1800.
Further, the weight ratio of the riboflavin ester derivatives to the jasminoidin is 1: 1.8-2.5.
Further, the riboflavin ester derivative is prepared by reacting riboflavin with mercaptobutyric acid, and specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing riboflavin and mercaptobutyric acid according to a molar ratio of 1: 1.2-1.5, adding magnesium perchlorate and cyclohexane, stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 150-400 r/min, and refluxing and dividing water until no water is generated; the reaction product was washed with distilled water, then extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic phase was over anhydrous MgSO 4 Drying, filtering, removing ether, and distilling at 80-85 deg.C under reduced pressure of 1.3-1.4 kPa to obtain the target product.
Furthermore, in the process of preparing the riboflavin ester derivatives, the addition amount of the magnesium perchlorate is 8-15% of the molar amount of the riboflavin, and the addition amount of the cyclohexane is 45-60% of the molar amount of the riboflavin.
According to the invention, the auxiliary materials containing the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide are used for mixing and treating the hydrolase to prepare the single-enzyme capsule granular preparation, the addition of the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide has a synergistic effect, and the activity of the hydrolase can be obviously improved, so that the degradation rate of organic matters in the kitchen waste is improved, the reduction treatment of the kitchen waste is increased, the removal of nitrogen-containing compounds can be improved, and the waste treatment effect is improved.
The preparation method of the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
1) respectively mixing the lipase, the cellulose hydrolase and the proteolytic enzyme with the riboflavin ester derivatives, the geniposide and the water to prepare a hydrolase preparation;
2) respectively mixing a hydrolase preparation, sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol, dripping the mixture into a calcium chloride solution by using an injector, crosslinking for 16-24 hours, and then washing with deionized water to obtain a single-enzyme capsule granular preparation;
3) mixing the lipase capsule particles, the cellulose hydrolase capsule particles and the proteolytic enzyme capsule particles according to the weight ratio of 1-3: 2-6: 1-3: 0.5-3 to obtain the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste.
Further, in the step 1) of preparing the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste,
the lipase is at least one of phosphatase, sterol enzyme and carboxylesterase, and the enzyme activity is 2000-10000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.02-0.05: 1;
the cellulose hydrolase is at least one of endoglucanase, cellobiase and beta-glucosidase, and the enzyme activity is 1000-20000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.02-0.05: 1;
the proteolytic enzyme is at least one of bromelain, papain and trypsin, and the enzyme activity is 1000-10000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.04-0.06: 1.
Further, in the step 1) of preparing the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste, the ratio of the glucose, the riboflavin ester derivatives, the geniposide and the water is 0.1: 0.01-0.5: 0.06-0.1: 1.
Further, in the step 2) of preparing the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste, the weight ratio of the hydrolase preparation to the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and the polyvinyl alcohol is 100: 1.5-2: 4.5-10.
Further, in the step 2) of preparing the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 2-5%, and the weight of the calcium chloride solution is 2-3 times of that of the mixed solution.
According to the invention, by adopting the technical scheme, the complex enzyme preparation is prepared by coating the complex enzyme by taking sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol as immobilized carriers, the method is simple, the carriers have a porous structure, the specific surface area is large, the complex enzyme has high load and good thermal stability, the hydrolase can be protected to always keep higher enzymolysis activity, the complex enzyme preparation has stronger mass transfer capacity, organic matters in garbage can be rapidly degraded, the garbage reduction rate is high, nitrogen-containing compounds can be effectively removed, and the treatment effect is good.
In a third aspect, the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste in the second aspect is applied to kitchen waste treatment.
Further, the application includes: mixing the kitchen waste and a complex enzyme preparation, wherein the addition amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 0.1-1% of the weight of the kitchen waste, and degrading the kitchen waste at the pH value of 5.5-6 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the complex enzyme preparation provided by the invention, the active ingredients including the lipase, the cellulose hydrolase and the proteolytic enzyme can be used for rapidly degrading macromolecular organic matters in the kitchen waste, so that the defect that the water vapor condition is difficult to control in the fermentation process of the kitchen waste is overcome, anaerobic bacteria do not exist and do not have the degradation effect, the water vapor condition does not need to be adjusted, and odor is not generated; the sodium alginate is used for grafting N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol to carry out embedding treatment on the complex enzyme, the carrier has a porous structure, the complex enzyme has high loading capacity and high enzyme activity; the complex enzyme and the carrier have synergistic effect, so that the complex enzyme preparation has stronger mass transfer capacity, can quickly and efficiently degrade organic matters in the garbage at normal temperature, has good treatment effect, and has no secondary pollution as degradation products are water and carbon dioxide;
2) according to the invention, the auxiliary materials containing the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide are used for carrying out fermentation treatment on the hydrolase, and the addition of the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide has a synergistic effect, so that the activity of the hydrolase can be obviously improved, the degradation rate of organic matters in the kitchen waste is improved, the reduction treatment of the kitchen waste is increased, the removal of nitrogen-containing compounds can be improved, and the waste treatment effect is improved;
3) according to the invention, the N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is used for carrying out graft modification on the sodium alginate, the water solubility of the modified sodium alginate is reduced, the strength is improved, the stability is improved, the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and the polyvinyl alcohol are used as immobilized carriers to coat the complex enzyme, the carrier porosity is high, the specific surface area is large, and the complex enzyme has a good protection effect, so that the complex enzyme preparation has a strong mass transfer capability, the activity and the thermal stability of the complex enzyme can be improved, the degradation of organic matters in the kitchen waste by the complex enzyme preparation is accelerated, the decrement treatment of the kitchen waste is increased, the removal effect of nitrogen-containing compounds can be improved, and the treatment capability of the waste is strong.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a FTIR plot of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea provided in example 1 of the present invention; a represents unmodified sodium alginate, b represents sodium alginate modified by N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the test result of the activity of the lipolytic enzyme in the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste; b represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 35 ℃ and C represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 50 ℃;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the result of the protease activity test in the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste; b represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 35 ℃ and C represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 50 ℃;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the test result of the activity of glucose dicer in the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste; b represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 35 ℃ and C represents the hydrolase activity after standing at 50 ℃;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the test result of the treatment effect (COD content in landfill leachate) of the complex enzyme preparation for degrading kitchen waste on kitchen waste;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a test result of a treatment effect (ammonia nitrogen content in landfill leachate) of the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste on kitchen waste.
Detailed Description
To make the features and effects of the present invention comprehensible to those skilled in the art, general description and definitions are made below with reference to terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, and in case of conflict, the definitions in this specification shall control.
In the present invention, the lipase, the cellulase and the protease are all purchased from Shanghai Jingke chemical science and technology Co.
In the present invention, the graft ratio of N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to sodium alginate (GD/%) is calculated by the following formula (1),
in the formula (1), m 1 Mass of sodium alginate grafted with N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea 0 The mass of sodium alginate that has not been grafted.
The following describes the technical solution of the present invention in further detail with reference to the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) mixing riboflavin and mercaptobutyric acid according to a molar ratio of 1:1.4, adding magnesium perchlorate accounting for 12% of the molar weight of the riboflavin and cyclohexane accounting for 50% of the molar weight of the riboflavin, stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 200r/min, and refluxing and dividing water until no water is generated; the reaction product was washed with distilled water, extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic phase was over anhydrous MgSO 4 Drying, filtering, removing ether, distilling at 82 deg.C under reduced pressure of 1.35kPa to obtain riboflavin ester derivatives;
2) respectively mixing 4g of phosphatase with the enzyme activity of 6000U/g, 4g of glucose dicranase with the enzyme activity of 12000U/g, 5g of papain with the enzyme activity of 1600U/g, 4g of riboflavin ester derivatives, 8.8g of geniposide and 100g of water to prepare a hydrolase preparation;
3) adding 20g of sodium alginate into 1000g of deionized water, stirring for 6h at 800r/min, and adjusting the pH to 3.5 by using 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a sodium alginate solution; adding 10g of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride into the sodium alginate solution at the rate of 2mL/s, adding 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to keep the pH of the solution at 3.5, and stirring and reacting for 10min at 400r/min after the dropwise addition; adding 8.5g of N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea into the solution, and reacting for 24 hours at room temperature in a dark place; after the reaction is finished, precipitating the reaction product by using absolute ethyl alcohol, dialyzing overnight, and freeze-drying to obtain sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea, wherein the grafting rate is 28.6%; dispersing sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, wherein the mass fraction of sodium alginate in the mixed solution is 2%, and the mass fraction of polyvinyl alcohol is 5%; respectively mixing 100g of hydrolase preparation, 2g of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and 6g of polyvinyl alcohol solution, dripping the mixture into 2.5 times by weight of calcium chloride solution (the mass fraction is 4%) by using an injector, crosslinking for 24 hours, and then washing with deionized water to obtain a single-enzyme capsule granular preparation; the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is tested by a TENSOR 27 type infrared spectrometer to obtain an infrared spectrogram (shown in the attached figure 1), and compared with the sodium alginate (curve a), the characteristic peaks of new groups such as phenyl, thiourea and the like appear in the curve b, which indicates that the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is generated;
4) mixing the lipohydrolase capsule particles, the cellulose hydrolase capsule particles and the proteolytic enzyme capsule particles according to the ratio of 2:4:2:1 to obtain the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste.
Example 2: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and the preparation method is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in the embodiment, in the process of preparing sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea, the addition amounts of the sodium alginate and the N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea are respectively 1g and 0.2g, and at the moment, the grafting rate of the N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to the sodium alginate is 17.2%.
Example 3: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and the preparation method is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the addition amounts of sodium alginate and N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea are 1g and 0.35g respectively, and the grafting ratio of N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to sodium alginate is 24.7%.
Example 4: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and the preparation method is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the addition amounts of sodium alginate and N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea are 1g and 0.5g respectively, and the grafting ratio of N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to sodium alginate is 34.5%.
Example 5: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and the preparation method is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the addition amounts of sodium alginate and N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea are 1g and 0.6g respectively, and the grafting ratio of N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to sodium alginate is 38.2%.
Example 6: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, which is prepared by the following method:
1) the preparation of the riboflavin ester derivative was the same as in step 1) of example 1;
2) the preparation of the hydrolase preparation was the same as in step 2) of example 1;
3) sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (the polymerization degree is 1700) are dispersed in deionized water to prepare a mixed solution, wherein the mass fraction of the sodium alginate in the mixed solution is 2 percent, and the mass fraction of the polyvinyl alcohol is 5 percent; respectively mixing 100g of a hydrolase preparation, 2g of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and 6g of a polyvinyl alcohol solution, dripping the mixture into a calcium chloride solution with the mass fraction of 4% by using an injector, crosslinking for 24 hours, and then washing with deionized water to obtain a single-enzyme capsule granular preparation; namely, sodium alginate is used for replacing sodium alginate to graft N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea;
4) the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is the same as the step 4) of the example 1).
Example 7: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, and the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that jasminoidin is not added in the embodiment.
Example 8: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in the embodiment, the addition amounts of the riboflavin ester derivatives and the jasminoidin are respectively 4g and 7.2g, namely the addition weight ratio of the riboflavin ester derivatives to the jasminoidin is 1: 1.8.
Example 9: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is basically the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in the embodiment, the addition amounts of the riboflavin ester derivatives and the gardenoside are respectively 4g and 10g, namely the addition weight ratio of the riboflavin ester derivatives to the gardenoside is 1: 2.5.
Example 10: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, which is prepared by the following method:
1) the preparation of the hydrolase preparation was substantially the same as in step 2) of example 1, except that in this example, the riboflavin ester derivative was not added;
2) the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is the same as the step 3) of the embodiment 1);
3) the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is the same as the step 4) of the embodiment 1).
Example 11: the other compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the embodiment provides another compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, which is prepared by the following steps:
1) the preparation of the hydrolase preparation was substantially the same as in step 2) of example 1, except that in this example, riboflavin was used instead of the riboflavin ester derivative;
2) the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is the same as the step 3) of the embodiment 1);
3) the preparation method of the complex enzyme preparation is the same as the step 4) of the embodiment 1).
Experimental example 1: and (3) testing the activity of each hydrolase in the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste:
the activity of each hydrolase in the complex enzyme preparation after being placed for 10 hours at 35 ℃ and 50 ℃ is respectively determined by using an end point method, and the test result is shown in figures 2-4.
Fig. 2 to 4 show the activities of various enzymes in the complex enzyme preparations provided in embodiments 1 to 11, respectively, and as shown in the figure, the activities of various enzymes in the complex enzyme preparation provided by the present invention are all improved, and the activity of the enzymes is reduced slightly at 50 ℃, which indicates that the embedding treatment of the sodium alginate modified by N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea on the complex enzyme is helpful for improving the activity of the enzymes, playing a good role in protecting the complex enzyme, and improving the thermal stability of the complex enzyme preparation; it can also be seen that the addition of the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide in the nutritional auxiliary materials can improve the activity of the enzyme and have certain influence on the thermal stability of the complex enzyme preparation.
Experimental example 2: testing the treatment effect of the kitchen waste:
pre-screening the kitchen waste, removing impurities which cannot be degraded, crushing the pre-screened waste, putting the crushed waste into a biological reaction bin, and putting the complex enzyme preparation provided by the embodiment 1-11 into the reaction bin, wherein the input amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 1% of the weight of the waste; and starting stirring of the perishable garbage degradation equipment, maintaining the temperature at 35 +/-5 ℃, and measuring the garbage treatment condition after 6 hours:
1) protein content determination:
the content of protein (X/%) in the kitchen waste is measured by referring to GB/T5009.5-1985, and is calculated according to the following formula (2):
in the formula (2), V 1 Volume of sulfuric acid titration solution consumed by kitchen waste sample, V 2 Volume of reagent blank spent sulfuric acid titration solution, V 3 Absorbing the volume of the digestive juice, c, sulfuric acid titration solution concentration, m, the mass of the kitchen waste sample and F, wherein F is a coefficient converted into protein;
2) fat content determination:
testing the fat content (Z/%) in the kitchen waste according to a Soxhlet extraction method, and calculating by using the following formula (3):
in formula (3): m is 1 Receiving the mass of the bottle and fat, m 0 Quality of receiving bottle, m 2 -the quality of the kitchen waste sample;
3) and (3) determining the cellulose content:
the cellulose content in the kitchen waste is measured and tested according to a sodium chlorite method, and is calculated by the following formula (4):
in the formula (4), X represents the content of holocellulose m in the kitchen waste sample 1 Mass m of holocellulose after drying 0 Absolute dry sample mass, m 2 -the mass of ash in the holocellulose;
4) measuring COD and ammonia nitrogen in the leachate:
the COD and ammonia nitrogen content in the landfill leachate are tested by respectively referring to GB/T11901-1989, HJ828-2017 and HJ535-2009, and natural accumulation fermentation is used as a control.
The test results are shown in table 1 and fig. 5 and 6:
TABLE 1 degradation rates of protein, fat and cellulose
| Examples | Protein degradation Rate (%) | Fat degradation Rate (%) | Cellulose degradation Rate (%) |
| 1 | 98.5 | 92.4 | 96.4 |
| 2 | 85.1 | 83.7 | 84.6 |
| 3 | 95.3 | 90.5 | 93.9 |
| 4 | 98.9 | 92.1 | 96.7 |
| 5 | 93.3 | 88.8 | 91.5 |
| 6 | 71.1 | 75.3 | 68.2 |
| 7 | 78.5 | 76.3 | 71.2 |
| 8 | 92.6 | 89.5 | 90.4 |
| 9 | 96.1 | 91.7 | 92.5 |
| 10 | 85.1 | 80.3 | 81.9 |
| 11 | 88.3 | 85.7 | 84.3 |
Table 1 shows the results of the degradation rate test of protein, fat and cellulose after the kitchen waste is treated with the complex enzyme preparation, and the original waste contains 6.58% of protein, 25% of fat and 2.52% of cellulose. As shown in table 1, the complex enzyme preparation provided by the invention has high degradation efficiency on organic matters in the kitchen waste, and after the kitchen waste is treated for 6 hours by using the complex enzyme preparation provided by the preferred embodiment 1, the protein degradation rate reaches 98.5%, the fat degradation rate reaches 92.4%, the cellulose degradation rate reaches 96.4%, the degradation rate is high, and the degradation efficiency is high; compared with sodium alginate, the sodium alginate embedding complex enzyme preparation modified by N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea can better protect the activity of enzyme, improve the stability and have high degradation efficiency on organic matters compared with the sodium alginate; compared with examples 7-11, it can be seen that in the process of complex enzyme fermentation culture, the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide are added as nutrient components, and the riboflavin ester derivatives and the geniposide have synergistic effects, so that the activity of the enzyme can be obviously improved, and higher degradation efficiency can be obtained.
Fig. 5 and 6 respectively show the test results of the content of COD and ammonia nitrogen in the leachate obtained after the kitchen waste is treated by the complex enzyme preparation, as shown in the figure, in the leachate obtained after the kitchen waste is naturally stacked and fermented, the COD content is 78600mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is 2780mg/L, and the COD and ammonia nitrogen content in the leachate obtained after the complex enzyme preparation provided by embodiments 1 to 11 of the present invention is fermented is significantly reduced, which indicates that the complex enzyme preparation provided by the present invention has good COD and ammonia nitrogen adsorption effects; it can also be seen that the modification treatment of sodium alginate by N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and the compound addition of riboflavin ester derivatives and geniposide are both beneficial to improving the effect of the complex enzyme preparation on garbage treatment.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The application of sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea in preparing a compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste is characterized in that the grafting rate of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is 24-35%; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the application comprises that sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol are used as a carrier of a complex enzyme preparation;
in the application, the weight ratio of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1: 3-5.
2. The use according to claim 1, comprising:
1) adding deionized water in an amount which is 40-50 times the weight of sodium alginate, stirring for 2-6 hours, and adjusting the pH to 3-3.5 by using 0.5-1 mol/L hydrochloric acid solution to obtain a sodium alginate solution;
2) slowly adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride into the sodium alginate solution, maintaining the pH of the solution at 3-3.5, and stirring for reacting for 5-10 min;
3) adding N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea into the solution, and reacting for 16-24 h at room temperature in a dark place;
4) after the reaction is finished, precipitating the reaction product by using absolute ethyl alcohol, dialyzing overnight, and freeze-drying to obtain the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea.
3. A compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following components:
complex enzyme, including lipase, cellulolytic enzyme, proteolytic enzyme;
adjuvants including glucose, riboflavin ester derivatives, and geniposide;
a carrier, which comprises polyvinyl alcohol and the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea as described in claim 1, wherein the grafting rate of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea is 24-35%, and the weight ratio of the sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea to the polyvinyl alcohol is 1: 3-5;
the riboflavin ester derivative is prepared by reacting riboflavin with mercaptobutyric acid, and specifically comprises the following steps:
mixing riboflavin and mercaptobutyric acid according to a molar ratio of 1: 1.2-1.5, adding magnesium perchlorate and cyclohexane, stirring at normal temperature at a stirring speed of 150-400 r/min, and refluxing and dividing water until no water is generated; the reaction product was washed with distilled water, then extracted with diethyl ether, and the organic phase was over anhydrous MgSO 4 Drying, filtering, removing ether, and distilling at 80-85 deg.C under reduced pressure of 1.3-1.4 kPa to obtain the target product.
4. The compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of the riboflavin ester derivatives to the jasminoidin is 1: 1.8-2.5.
5. The preparation method of the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste, which is described in any one of claims 3-4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) respectively mixing the lipase, the cellulose hydrolase and the proteolytic enzyme with glucose, riboflavin ester derivatives, jasminoidin and water to prepare a hydrolase preparation;
2) respectively mixing a hydrolase preparation, sodium alginate grafted N- (2-aminophenyl) -N-phenylthiourea and polyvinyl alcohol, dripping into a calcium chloride solution by using an injector, crosslinking for 16-24 h, and then washing with deionized water to obtain a single-enzyme capsule granular preparation;
3) mixing the lipase capsule particles, the cellulose hydrolase capsule particles and the proteolytic enzyme capsule particles according to the weight ratio of 1-3: 2-6: 1-3: 0.5-3 to obtain the compound enzyme preparation capable of degrading the kitchen waste.
6. The method of claim 5,
the lipase is at least one of phosphatase, sterol enzyme and carboxylesterase, and the enzyme activity is 2000-10000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.02-0.05: 1;
the cellulose hydrolase is at least one of endoglucanase, cellobiase and beta-glucosidase, and the enzyme activity is 1000-20000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.02-0.05: 1;
the proteolytic enzyme is at least one of bromelain, papain and trypsin, and the enzyme activity is 1000-10000U/g; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the water to the water is 0.04-0.06: 1.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of glucose, riboflavin ester derivative, jasminoidin, and water is 0.1:0.01 to 0.5:0.06 to 0.1: 1.
8. The application of the complex enzyme preparation capable of degrading kitchen waste in treating kitchen waste, disclosed by any one of claims 3 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: mixing the kitchen waste and a complex enzyme preparation, wherein the addition amount of the complex enzyme preparation is 0.1-1% of the weight of the kitchen waste, and degrading the kitchen waste at the pH value of 5.5-6 and the temperature of 30-40 ℃.
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