CN113253188A - Digital power quality detection method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for detecting an electric energy quality module, which output corresponding digital quantity after being calculated by a first microprocessor MCU1 through setting required electric quantity information such as voltage, current and the like, convert the digital quantity into corresponding electric quantity output, feed back the output voltage or current through voltage sampling or broadband direct current comparator sampling, adopt AD to collect the analog quantity of a sampling circuit, convert the analog quantity into the digital quantity, send the digital quantity into a microprocessor for processing, compare the digital quantity with the previously set digital quantity, adjust an output signal to balance a system, enable the output to reach the electric quantity such as the voltage, the current and the like which are expected to be set, take the final output of the MCU1 and an FPGA1 as the basis, connect a computer into the first microprocessor MCU1 through an RS232 interface to conveniently control the digital quantity, control and process the corresponding digital quantity through a second microprocessor MCU2 and then control and transmit the digital quantity to a packaging digital quantity output interface through a second field programmable gate array 2, thereby making the output reach the digital quantity output of the expected setting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric energy metering, and particularly relates to a detection method suitable for an electric energy quality module of an intelligent Internet of things electric energy meter.
Background
With the development of power electronic technology, direct current transmission and high-power single-phase rectification technology are widely applied to industrial departments and electric equipment, such as high-power silicon controlled devices, switching power supplies, variable frequency speed regulation and the like, and the typical nonlinear, impulsive and fluctuating loads cause waveform distortion (harmonic waves), voltage fluctuation, flicker, three-phase imbalance and asymmetry of a power grid, so that the power quality of the power grid is seriously reduced. Meanwhile, precise electronic instruments controlled by a microprocessor based on a computer are widely used in national economic enterprises, the sensitivity degree to the power supply quality is higher and higher, and higher requirements are provided for the power quality, so that the power quality problem and the solution thereof gradually become the research focus. The method comprises the steps of firstly, accurately detecting and analyzing the power quality, measuring the power quality level of the power grid, analyzing and judging reasons causing various power quality problems, and providing a basis for improving the power quality. The method has new requirements on the tests of steady-state parameters such as harmonic distortion of voltage and current, influence of fundamental frequency offset on harmonic quantity, three-phase unbalance, flicker and the like, and transient parameters such as voltage temporary rise, voltage temporary fall and short-time interruption.
And along with the development and application of intelligent thing allies oneself with the electric energy meter, based on the extension module that intelligent thing allies oneself with electric energy meter sampling data deepening was used, will more and more extensive be applied to customer side, also need have a whole set of perfect system to the calibration traceability of digital quantity then. In view of such background, the present patent researches and analyzes analog and digital power quality devices to develop a set of digital power quality detection apparatus.
The device for detecting and analyzing digital electric energy quality equipment is unavailable at home, the traditional electric energy quality analysis is based on the whole meter to calibrate and trace the analog quantity value, the digital electric energy quality detection cannot be realized, and the detection and analysis requirements of the electric energy quality module for the intelligent internet of things electric energy meter cannot be met. The traditional device only consists of an analog source output module, a waveform generator and an electric energy metering module, and can only meet the function of single detection of alternating current electric energy analog quantity.
The traditional standard electric energy quality calibration device directly performs standard analog quantity output measurement on a standard current transformer and a standard voltage transformer or an electric energy quality whole meter, calculates a standard electric energy value, controls an output waveform through a waveform generator, and analyzes the electric energy quality on the basis. The method is only suitable for calibrating and tracing the whole meter analog quantity, and the digital quantity calibration work of the electric energy quality module can not be completed.
Along with the design and development of the intelligent internet of things electric energy meter, the design of the electric energy quality module is gradually improved, and the electric energy quality module is configured in the intelligent internet of things electric energy meter to measure, analyze and record the electric energy quality of a client side and develop small-scale test point application. Before popularization and application, after the calibration and traceability of the intelligent Internet of things electric energy meter are completed, the functions and technical indexes of the electric energy quality module also need to be subjected to related tests, the functions and technical indexes of the electric energy quality module are ensured to meet the standard requirements, and the quantity value traceability of the technical indexes is carried out.
The traditional standard electric energy quality checking device is lack of a digital calibration traceability function, and therefore application of digital electric energy quality measuring equipment is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The traditional standard electric energy quality calibration device cannot finish the digital quantity calibration work of the electric energy quality module.
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a digital power quality detection device, aiming at realizing the calibration and tracing of the analog quantity and the digital quantity of digital power quality equipment, thereby providing technical support for the power quality monitoring at a user side.
The utility model provides a power quality module detection device which characterized in that, the device includes:
the device comprises a data processing module, a voltage output module, a voltage feedback measuring module, a current output module, a current feedback measuring module, a display and control module, a data interface module and an error calculating module;
the data processing module consists of a first microprocessor MCU1, a second microprocessor MCU2, an android embedded software platform, a first field programmable gate array FPGA1 and a second field programmable gate array FPGA2, and the data processing module is used for receiving instructions of the display or control module;
the voltage output module consists of a waveform generator, a harmonic and interharmonic generator, a high-speed ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a power amplifier and a high-stability power supply;
the voltage feedback measurement module consists of a precision voltage divider, high-speed AD sampling and a precision voltage reference;
the current output module consists of a waveform generator, a harmonic and interharmonic generator, a high-speed ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a power amplifier and a high-stability power supply;
the current feedback measurement module mainly comprises a broadband current comparator, a precise sampling resistor, high-speed AD sampling and a precise voltage reference;
the display and control module consists of a large-size liquid crystal touch screen and digital keys;
the data interface module consists of a USB and an RS232 communication interface;
setting the amplitude, frequency and phase of the voltage and current or complex waveform information programmed by a user, and controlling an output module to output the required voltage and current waveform; and receiving the voltage and current feedback measurement signal in real time, calculating a standard power value and a standard electric energy value, and transmitting the standard electric parameters of voltage, current, frequency, phase, power and electric energy to a liquid crystal display for display.
The voltage output module outputs broadband voltage of 360V at maximum; the voltage divider in the voltage feedback measurement module consists of a precision resistor network with small specific difference and phase shift, and is used for converting 0-360V large voltage into 1V or 5V small signal voltage, transmitting the small signal voltage to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and adjusting voltage output in real time to realize higher output stability and measurement precision.
A single unit in the current output module outputs broadband current with the maximum effective value of 10A; the current feedback measurement module is used for converting the current into a small voltage signal by adopting a sampling resistor scheme when the output current I is less than or equal to 5A; when the output current I is larger than 5A, the current is converted into a small voltage signal by adopting a scheme of a broadband current comparator; the small voltage converted by the resistor or the comparator is transmitted to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and the current output is regulated in real time, so that higher output stability and measurement accuracy are realized.
In the display module and the control module, the liquid crystal screen is used for displaying set and measured standard electric quantity values or waveforms, and the operation mode of combining touch and keys is adopted, so that a user can conveniently set parameters and control the test process.
The data interface module is connected with a computer system by using a corresponding data line, and is matched with special test software to construct a full-automatic alternating current power detection system and support the real-time uploading of the measured data to a database to realize big data analysis.
A power quality module detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the required electric quantity is set through the man-machine interaction unit, the first microprocessor MCU1 outputs corresponding digital quantity after calculation, the digital quantity is converted into corresponding electric quantity to be output through the DA converter, the output voltage or current is fed back through voltage sampling or broadband direct current comparator sampling, the analog quantity of the AD acquisition sampling circuit is adopted and converted into digital quantity, the digital quantity is sent to the microprocessor to be processed and then compared with the preset digital quantity, and an output signal is adjusted to balance the system, so that the output reaches the electric quantity which is set in expectation;
drawing a complex waveform to be output in a microprocessor, wherein the waveform is converted into a digital signal and is transmitted to a first field programmable gate array FPGA1, a complex analog waveform signal is output through an arbitrary waveform generator, a harmonic generator, an interharmonic generator and a high-speed DAC, a feedback measurement channel samples the analog waveform in real time, and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1 performs distortion compensation on the measured signal, compares the distortion compensation with a set value and then corrects and outputs the distortion compensation and the set value;
the output of the digital quantity is based on the final output of the first microprocessor MCU1 and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1, the computer is connected to the first microprocessor MCU1 through an RS232 interface to conveniently control and process the digital quantity, and the corresponding digital quantity is processed by the second microprocessor MCU2 and then is controlled and packaged by the second field programmable gate array FPGA2 to be transmitted to a digital quantity output interface, so that the output reaches the digital quantity output of the expected setting;
in the error calculation module, the electric energy error is measured by receiving the electric energy pulse input of the detected electric energy meter and comparing the electric energy pulse input with the standard electric energy pulse output by the detection system to calculate the electric energy error.
Technical effects
The invention has the function of base meter + module detection by adopting the output analog signal; the digital signal can be output, the scheme with the function of independent detection of the module is provided, the whole set of digital electric energy quality detection device is designed, the calibration traceability of the analog quantity and the digital quantity of the digital electric energy quality meter is realized, and therefore reliable guarantee is provided for the rapid development of the digital metering system of the intelligent substation.
Drawings
A more complete understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be had by reference to the following drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a basic schematic block diagram of a digital power quality detection apparatus;
fig. 2 is a structural design scheme diagram of a digital electric energy quality detection device.
Detailed Description
The exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which are provided for complete and complete disclosure of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terminology used in the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the drawings, the same units/elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.
Unless otherwise defined, terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Further, it will be understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The traditional standard electric energy quality calibration device directly performs standard analog quantity output measurement on a standard current transformer and a standard voltage transformer or an electric energy quality whole meter, calculates a standard electric energy value, controls an output waveform through a waveform generator, and analyzes the electric energy quality on the basis. The method is only suitable for calibrating and tracing the whole meter analog quantity, and the digital quantity calibration work of the electric energy quality module can not be completed.
The digital metering system of the intelligent substation is rapidly developed, the design of the electric energy quality module is improved day by day, and the digital electric energy quality module for measuring, analyzing and recording the electric energy quality is usually arranged in the whole meter. After the calibration and traceability of the whole electric energy quality meter analog quantity are completed, the functions, technical indexes and the like of the electric energy quality module also need to be detected in a relevant mode, the normal work of the electric energy quality module is ensured, and the digital quantity of the electric energy quality module can be measured and traced.
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a digital power quality detection apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, which aims to calibrate and trace the analog quantity and the digital quantity of a digital power quality meter, thereby providing technical support for the power quality exploration at the client side.
Setting required voltage, current and other electric quantity information through a man-machine interaction unit, outputting corresponding digital quantity after calculation by a first microprocessor MCU1, converting the digital quantity into corresponding voltage, current and other electric quantity information through a DA converter, outputting the output voltage or current by voltage sampling or broadband direct current comparator sampling, collecting analog quantity of a sampling circuit by adopting an AD (analog-to-digital) mode, converting the analog quantity into digital quantity, comparing the digital quantity with the previously set digital quantity after being sent to the microprocessor for processing, and adjusting an output signal to balance a system so as to enable the output to reach the expected set voltage, current and other electric quantity information;
drawing a complex waveform to be output in a microprocessor, wherein the waveform is converted into a digital signal and is transmitted to a first field programmable gate array FPGA1, a complex analog waveform signal is output through an arbitrary waveform generator, a harmonic generator, an interharmonic generator and a high-speed DAC, a feedback measurement channel samples the analog waveform in real time, and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1 performs distortion compensation on the measured signal, compares the distortion compensation with a set value and then corrects and outputs the distortion compensation and the set value;
the output of the digital quantity is based on the final output of the first microprocessor MCU1 and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1, the computer is connected to the first microprocessor MCU1 through an RS232 interface to conveniently control and process the digital quantity, and the corresponding digital quantity is processed by the second microprocessor MCU2 and then is controlled and packaged by the second field programmable gate array FPGA2 to be transmitted to a digital quantity output interface, so that the output reaches the digital quantity output of the expected setting;
in the error calculation module, the electric energy error is measured by receiving the electric energy pulse input of the detected electric energy meter and comparing the electric energy pulse input with the standard electric energy pulse output by the detection system to calculate the electric energy error.
Detailed design of module
1) Data processing module
The system mainly comprises a Microprocessor (MCU), an android embedded software platform, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and the like. The module is used for receiving instructions of the display/control module, such as set voltage and current amplitude, frequency, phase or complex waveform programmed by a user in a user-defined way, and controlling the output module to output the required voltage and current waveform; and receiving the voltage and current feedback measurement signal in real time, calculating a standard power value and a standard electric energy value, and transmitting standard electric parameters such as voltage, current, frequency, phase, power, electric energy and the like to a liquid crystal display for display.
2) Voltage output module
The high-speed harmonic generator comprises an arbitrary waveform generator, a harmonic and interharmonic generator, a high-speed ADC (analog to digital converter), a power amplifier, a high-stability power supply and the like, and can output 360V broadband voltage to the maximum.
3) Voltage feedback measuring module
The device mainly comprises a precision voltage divider, high-speed AD sampling, a precision voltage reference and the like. The voltage divider is composed of a precision resistor network with small specific difference and phase shift, and is used for converting 0-360V large voltage into 1V or 5V small signal voltage, transmitting the small signal voltage to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and adjusting voltage output in real time to achieve high output stability and measurement precision.
4) Current output module
The device comprises an arbitrary waveform generator, a harmonic wave generator, a high-speed ADC (analog to digital converter), a power amplifier, a high-stability power supply and the like, and a single unit can output broadband current of 10A (effective value) to the maximum.
5) Current feedback measuring module
The device mainly comprises a broadband current comparator, a precise sampling resistor, high-speed AD sampling, a precise voltage reference and the like. When the output current I is less than or equal to 5A, the scheme of the sampling resistor is adopted to convert the current into a small voltage signal, and when the output current I is greater than 5A, the scheme of the broadband current comparator is adopted to convert the current into the small voltage signal; the small voltage converted by the resistor or the comparator is transmitted to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and the current output is regulated in real time, so that higher output stability and measurement accuracy are realized.
6) Error calculation module
The error calculation module is used for checking the basic error of the electric energy and is a core module of the detection system. The basic error test adopts high-frequency pulse number presetting method, during test, the detection system and the tested meter work simultaneously under the same load, and the detection system adopts dummy load method, i.e. the output of the detection systemThe device divides the frequency of reference frequency through a DDS programmable pulse output module, converts the power value into a standard high-frequency pulse number m for output, simultaneously receives N low-frequency pulses input by the meter to be detected, transmits the low-frequency pulses and the standard high-frequency pulses of the meter to be detected to an error calculation module, takes m as the measured high-frequency pulse number, and then combines the measured high-frequency pulse number with the calculated pulse number m0And comparing to obtain the relative error gamma (%) of the measured electric energy meter.
In the formula:
CHO-the high frequency pulse constant of a standard electric energy meter, imp/kWh;
CL-the low frequency pulse constant, imp/kWh, of the electric energy meter under test;
u is the full range value of the output voltage of the standard source;
i-the full range value of the output current of the standard source.
7) Display/control module
The liquid crystal display is mainly composed of a large-size liquid crystal touch screen, digital keys and the like, the liquid crystal display is used for displaying set and measured standard electric quantity values or waveforms, and a touch and key combined operation mode is adopted, so that a user can conveniently set parameters and control a test process.
8) Data interface module
The system mainly comprises communication interfaces such as USB and RS232, can be connected with a computer system by using corresponding data lines, is matched with special test software to construct a full-automatic alternating current power detection system, and supports real-time uploading of measured data to a database to realize big data analysis.
The digital electric energy quality detection device is designed to be a table body type, is provided with 12 analog quantity test epitopes and 48 digital module test interfaces, and can be used for fully automatically detecting 12 single/three-phase alternating current electric energy meters and 48 electric energy quality modules with the same specification, as shown in figure 2.
The device mainly comprises a calibration stand, a voltage and current standard source, a main control unit, a workbench body, an operation panel, a computer, a display, a printer and the like.
1) A checking platform: the device comprises 12 groups of analog output meter hanging frames, 48 groups of digital quantity interfaces, a communication interface, a switch and the like;
2) standard current source: 24A AC standard current source;
3) master control unit + standard voltage source: the device comprises a main control unit, a 360V alternating current standard voltage source and the like; 4) a workbench: non-magnetic materials are adopted for placing a calibration table, a detected table and the like;
5) a measurement and control console: the system device is used for manual operation and control, and displaying system data, parameters and the like;
6) computer, printer, display: the system is used for program control operation, display, report printing and the like of the system device.
Technical effects
The invention has the function of base meter + module detection by adopting the output analog signal; the digital signal can be output, the scheme with the function of independent detection of the module is provided, the whole set of digital electric energy quality detection device is designed, the calibration traceability of the analog quantity and the digital quantity of the digital electric energy quality meter is realized, and therefore reliable guarantee is provided for the rapid development of the digital metering system of the intelligent substation.
The invention has been described with reference to a few embodiments. However, other embodiments of the invention than the one disclosed above are equally possible within the scope of the invention, as would be apparent to a person skilled in the art from the appended patent claims.
Generally, all terms used in the claims are to be interpreted according to their ordinary meaning in the technical field, unless explicitly defined otherwise herein. All references to "a/an/the [ device, component, etc ]" are to be interpreted openly as referring to at least one instance of said device, component, etc., unless explicitly stated otherwise. The steps of any method disclosed herein do not have to be performed in the exact order disclosed, unless explicitly stated.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a power quality module detection device which characterized in that, the device includes:
the device comprises a data processing module, a voltage output module, a voltage feedback measuring module, a current output module, a current feedback measuring module, a display and control module, a data interface module and an error calculating module;
the data processing module consists of a first microprocessor MCU1, a second microprocessor MCU2, an android embedded software platform, a first field programmable gate array FPGA1 and a second field programmable gate array FPGA2, and the data processing module is used for receiving instructions of the display or control module;
the voltage output module consists of a waveform generator, a harmonic and interharmonic generator, a high-speed ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a power amplifier and a high-stability power supply;
the voltage feedback measurement module consists of a precision voltage divider, high-speed AD sampling and a precision voltage reference;
the current output module consists of a waveform generator, a harmonic and interharmonic generator, a high-speed ADC (analog-to-digital converter), a power amplifier and a high-stability power supply;
the current feedback measurement module mainly comprises a broadband current comparator, a precise sampling resistor, high-speed AD sampling and a precise voltage reference;
the display and control module consists of a large-size liquid crystal touch screen and digital keys;
and the data interface module consists of a USB and an RS232 communication interface.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a set voltage and current amplitude, frequency, phase, or complex waveform information programmed by user, and controlling the output module to output the required voltage and current waveform; and receiving the voltage and current feedback measurement signal in real time, calculating a standard power value and a standard electric energy value, and transmitting the standard electric parameters of voltage, current, frequency, phase, power and electric energy to a liquid crystal display for display.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising the voltage output module outputting a broadband voltage of 360V at maximum; the voltage divider in the voltage feedback measurement module consists of a precision resistor network with small specific difference and phase shift, and is used for converting 0-360V large voltage into 1V or 5V small signal voltage, transmitting the small signal voltage to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and adjusting voltage output in real time to realize higher output stability and measurement precision.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising, a single unit in the current output module outputting a broadband current with an effective value of 10A at maximum; the current feedback measurement module is used for converting the current into a small voltage signal by adopting a sampling resistor scheme when the output current I is less than or equal to 5A; when the output current I is larger than 5A, the current is converted into a small voltage signal by adopting a scheme of a broadband current comparator; the small voltage converted by the resistor or the comparator is transmitted to the FPGA and the microprocessor after AD sampling, and the current output is regulated in real time, so that higher output stability and measurement accuracy are realized.
5. The device of claim 1, further comprising, in the display module and the control module, a liquid crystal display for displaying the set and measured standard electric quantity values or waveforms, and a touch and key combined operation mode is adopted, so as to facilitate the user to set parameters and control the test process.
6. The device of claim 1, further comprising a data interface module connected to the computer system via a corresponding data line, and configured to cooperate with dedicated test software to construct a fully automatic ac power detection system, and support real-time uploading of the measured data to the database to realize big data analysis.
7. A power quality module detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the required electric quantity is set through the man-machine interaction unit, the first microprocessor MCU1 outputs corresponding digital quantity after calculation, the digital quantity is converted into corresponding electric quantity to be output through the DA converter, the output voltage or current is fed back through voltage sampling or broadband direct current comparator sampling, the analog quantity of the AD acquisition sampling circuit is adopted and converted into digital quantity, the digital quantity is sent to the microprocessor to be processed and then compared with the preset digital quantity, and an output signal is adjusted to balance the system, so that the output reaches the electric quantity which is set in expectation;
drawing a complex waveform to be output in a microprocessor, wherein the waveform is converted into a digital signal and is transmitted to a first field programmable gate array FPGA1, a complex analog waveform signal is output through an arbitrary waveform generator, a harmonic generator, an interharmonic generator and a high-speed DAC, a feedback measurement channel samples the analog waveform in real time, and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1 performs distortion compensation on the measured signal, compares the distortion compensation with a set value and then corrects and outputs the distortion compensation and the set value;
the output of the digital quantity is based on the final output of the first microprocessor MCU1 and the first field programmable gate array FPGA1, the computer is connected to the first microprocessor MCU1 through an RS232 interface to conveniently control and process the digital quantity, and the corresponding digital quantity is processed by the second microprocessor MCU2 and then is controlled and packaged by the second field programmable gate array FPGA2 to be transmitted to a digital quantity output interface, so that the output reaches the digital quantity output of the expected setting;
in the error calculation module, the electric energy error is measured by receiving the electric energy pulse input of the detected electric energy meter and comparing the electric energy pulse input with the standard electric energy pulse output by the detection system to calculate the electric energy error.
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| CN113933582A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2022-01-14 | 台州安耐杰电力设备有限公司 | Electric energy data analyzer capable of automatically calibrating |
| CN116593757A (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-08-15 | 济南巧步思仪器仪表有限公司 | Alternating current ratio measuring method, system and digital alternating current comparator |
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