CN113241966B - Rotary friction nano power generation device and method based on point discharge - Google Patents
Rotary friction nano power generation device and method based on point discharge Download PDFInfo
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- CN113241966B CN113241966B CN202110567594.4A CN202110567594A CN113241966B CN 113241966 B CN113241966 B CN 113241966B CN 202110567594 A CN202110567594 A CN 202110567594A CN 113241966 B CN113241966 B CN 113241966B
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Abstract
The invention provides a rotary friction nanometer power generation device based on point discharge, which comprises a discharge point, an upper stator, a rotor, a lower stator, a transmission rod, a fixed end face gear, a rotor end face gear and a spring, wherein the discharge point is arranged on the upper surface of the upper stator, the rotor is arranged between the upper stator and the lower stator, the upper stator, the rotor and the lower stator are connected through the transmission rod, the fixed end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the upper stator, the rotor end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the rotor, the spring is arranged between the transmission rod and the lower stator, the fixed transmission gear is fixedly connected with the transmission rod, and the rotor end face gear is fixedly connected with the rotor and can slide on the transmission rod so as to move along the axial position. The contact-separation process of the rotor electret and the stator dielectric friction structure can reduce the occurrence of sliding friction, reduce the friction resistance in the working process, slow down the abrasion of the dielectric friction structure and improve the durability of the structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental energy collection, and particularly relates to a rotary friction nano power generation device based on point discharge.
Background
At present, most of known rotary friction nano-generators utilize an electret on a rotor to contact with a friction material film attached to a stator electrode for electrification, and generate electrostatic induction in two groups of electrodes on the stator, and then utilize the change of an electric field caused by the rotation of the electret on the rotor to generate the change of a potential difference between the two groups of stator electrodes, so as to drive electrons to flow back and forth between the two groups of electrodes through an external circuit load, thereby completing charge transfer and realizing the function of power generation. Frequent contact and rubbing of the electret with the dielectric friction material is required as the surface charge density of the electret on the rotor slowly decreases over time, while too frequent rubbing reduces the durability of the device. In addition, the surface charge density of the friction nano-generator is proportional to the power output squared, and the charge density obtained by the conventional contact electrification mode is low, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the device is limited to a great extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks in the prior art, the present disclosure provides a rotary friction nano-generator based on point discharge to further improve the energy conversion efficiency and durability of the rotary friction nano-generator.
The invention provides a rotary friction nanometer power generation device based on point discharge, which comprises a discharge point, an upper stator, a rotor, a lower stator, a transmission rod, a fixed end face gear, a rotor end face gear and a spring,
the discharge tip is arranged on the upper surface of the upper stator, the rotor is arranged between the upper stator and the lower stator, the upper stator, the rotor and the lower stator are connected through the transmission rod, the fixed end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the upper stator, the rotor end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the rotor, the spring is arranged between the transmission rod and the lower stator, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are meshed with each other, the fixed transmission gear is fixedly connected with the transmission rod, and the rotor end face gear is fixedly connected with the rotor and can slide on the transmission rod so as to move along the axial direction;
the upper stator comprises an upper substrate, a first upper electrode group, a second upper electrode group and a dielectric material film, wherein the upper substrate is of an annular structure with a through hole in the center, the first upper electrode group and the second upper electrode group respectively comprise a plurality of upper electrodes, two groups of upper electrodes are alternately arranged and respectively annularly arranged on the lower surface of the upper substrate in a surrounding manner, and the dielectric material film is arranged on the surfaces of the first upper electrode group and the second upper electrode group;
the rotor comprises an upper electret, a rotor substrate and a lower electret, wherein the upper electret and the lower electret are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotor substrate in an annular surrounding manner;
the lower stator comprises a dielectric friction material film, a first lower electrode group, a second lower electrode group and a lower substrate, the lower substrate is of an annular structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the annular structure, the dielectric friction material film is arranged on the inner ring end face of the lower substrate, the second lower electrode group is arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate, the first lower electrode group and the second lower electrode group respectively comprise a plurality of lower electrodes, two groups of lower electrode groups are alternately arranged and respectively annularly arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate in a surrounding mode, and the dielectric material film is arranged on the surfaces of the first lower electrode group and the second lower electrode group;
the first end of the spring is fixed on the transmission rod, the second end of the spring is in contact with the rotor and provides certain initial pressure, so that the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are fully meshed when the angular acceleration is smaller than a set threshold, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is higher than the set threshold, the component force of the acting force of the fixed end face gear on the rotor end face gear along the axial direction of the transmission rod is larger than the initial pressure provided by the spring, and at the moment, the rotor end face gear and the rotor move axially, so that the contact electrification between the lower electret of the rotor and the dielectric friction material film is realized;
the upper electret and the lower electret continue to rotate, potential difference is generated between a first lower electrode group and a second lower electrode group which are arranged on the lower stator at intervals, positive charges of discharge tips are gathered through multi-stage voltage amplification of a voltage multiplier circuit in an external load circuit, when angular acceleration is smaller than a set threshold value, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are close to each other, the discharge tips are close to the upper electret and discharge, and high charge density distribution of the surface of the upper electret is achieved.
Preferably, in the initial state, gaps exist between the upper and lower electrodes in the rotor and the dielectric material films and the dielectric friction material films in the upper and lower stators, respectively, and the mover is in a separated state from the upper and lower stators.
Preferably, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is smaller than a set threshold, the rotor and the upper and lower stators have no contact friction, and alternating currents generated by the upper stator electrode group and the lower stator electrode group are directly electrically output.
Preferably, the electrodes are planar conical structures, the width of the planar conical structures gradually decreases along the direction from outside to inside, and all the electrodes of each electrode group are communicated with each other.
Preferably, the discharge tip is a needle-shaped structure, extends to the outside of the inner ring end surface of the upper substrate, and has a slight initial distance from the upper electret surface of the rotor.
Preferably, the set threshold is set according to the fluctuation condition of the environmental rotating speed, and the set threshold can be adjusted through the rigidity and the initial pressure of the spring.
Preferably, the present invention also provides a rotary friction nano-power generation method based on point discharge, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are fully meshed in a non-angular acceleration state, when the angular acceleration alpha of the transmission rod is larger than a set threshold value, the component force of the acting force of the fixed end face gear to the rotor end face gear along the axial direction of the transmission rod is larger than the pre-pressure provided by the spring, and the rotor end face gear and a fixedly connected rotor move in the axial direction;
s2, the rotor face gear and the rotor which is fixedly connected move downwards in the axial direction and compress the spring, so that the lower electret of the rotor and the dielectric friction material film of the stator are contacted to generate electricity, and the discharge tips gather positive charges through the voltage multiplication circuit;
s3, when the angular acceleration is reduced, the spring drives the rotor to move when the spring is restored to the original state, so that the lower electret in the rotor is separated from the dielectric friction material film of the lower stator, and meanwhile, the upper electret in the rotor and the discharge tip are close to each other and discharge is carried out on the discharge tip;
s4, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is reduced continuously and is not enough to make the rotor face gear and the fixed face gear move relatively, the upper electret and the lower electret in the rotor move between the upper stator and the lower stator in the rotation process, the charged rotor electret and stator electrode group generate induced charges between different electrode groups along with the rotation of the rotor, and further generate induced potential difference, when the electrode groups are communicated, electrons flow due to the action of the potential difference.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the rotary friction nano power generation device realizes the strategic energy collection of external unstable excitation based on the clutch of the end face gear set, for example, the angular acceleration of a rotating structure is higher than a set value by utilizing the rotary excitation form corresponding to ocean energy, wind energy or unstable mechanical energy converted by a mechanical rotating structure, and a rotor electret structure moves along the axial generation position of a transmission rod and realizes contact electrification and charge supplement, so that the working efficiency of the power generation device during the low-valley period of an excitation source is ensured;
(2) the contact-separation process of the rotor electret and the stator dielectric friction structure of the rotary friction nano power generation device can reduce the occurrence of sliding friction, reduce the friction resistance in the working process, slow down the abrasion of the dielectric friction structure and improve the durability of the structure;
(3) the rotary friction nano-generator utilizes the multi-stage voltage amplification of the voltage multiplier circuit to realize the accumulation and discharge of positive charges at the discharge tip, realize the high charge density distribution on the surface of the upper electret and greatly improve the energy conversion efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a point discharge-based rotary friction nano-power generation device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an upper stator structure of the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-generator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 2b is a schematic cross-sectional view of portion A of FIG. 2 a;
FIG. 3a is a schematic structural view of a rotor of the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-generator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of portion B of FIG. 3 a;
FIG. 4a is a schematic view of a lower stator structure of the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-generator shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the portion C of FIG. 4 a;
FIGS. 5a and 5b are schematic views of the relative movement of the rotor face gear and the fixed face gear as shown in FIG. 1;
6 a-6 c are the triboelectrification and tip-discharge intentions of the rotary type friction nano-generator based on tip-discharge according to the first embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 7 a-7 d are schematic diagrams illustrating the power generation principle of the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-power generation device in a stationary state according to the first embodiment of the disclosure.
1-a discharge tip; 2-an upper stator; 21-a film of dielectric material; 22 — first upper electrode group; 23 — a second upper electrode group; 24-an upper substrate; 3, a transmission rod; 4-fixed face gear; 5-rotor face gear; 6, a rotor; 61-upper electret; 62-rotor base plate; 63-lower electret; 7-a spring; 8-a lower stator; 81-dielectric friction material film; 82 — a first lower electrode group; 83 — second lower electrode group; 84-lower substrate.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments, features and aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like reference numbers can indicate functionally identical or similar elements. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a rotary friction nano-generator based on a point discharge, which includes a discharge point 1, an upper stator 2, a rotor 6, a lower stator 8, a transmission rod 3, a fixed face gear 4, a rotor face gear 5, and a spring 7.
The discharging tip 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the upper stator 2, the rotor 6 is arranged between the upper stator 2 and the lower stator 8, the upper stator 2, the rotor 6 and the lower stator 8 are connected through the transmission rod 3, the fixed face gear 4 is arranged between the transmission rod 3 and the upper stator 2, the rotor face gear 5 is arranged between the transmission rod 3 and the rotor 6, the spring 7 is arranged between the transmission rod 3 and the lower stator 8, the fixed face gear 4 and the rotor face gear 5 are meshed with each other, the fixed transmission gear is fixedly connected with the transmission rod 3, and the rotor face gear 5 is fixedly connected with the rotor and can slide on the transmission rod 3, so that the discharging tip can move along the axial direction.
The upper stator 2 includes an upper substrate 24, a first upper electrode group 22, a second upper electrode group 23, and a dielectric material film 21, the upper substrate 21 is an annular structure with a through hole at the center, the first upper electrode group 22 and the second upper electrode group 23 are disposed on the lower surface of the upper substrate, the first upper electrode group 22 and the second upper electrode group 23 respectively include a plurality of electrodes, the upper electrodes of the first upper electrode group 22 and the second upper electrode group 23 are alternately arranged and respectively surround the lower surface of the upper substrate 24 in an annular shape, and the dielectric material film 24 is disposed on the lower surfaces of the first upper electrode group 22 and the second upper electrode group 23. The electrodes of the first upper electrode group 22 and the electrodes of the second upper electrode group 23 are disposed at intervals on the upper substrate 24 and are not communicated with each other, all the electrodes of the first upper electrode group 22 are communicated with each other, and all the electrodes of the second upper electrode group 23 are communicated with each other.
The rotor 6 includes an upper electret 61, a rotor base plate 62, and a lower electret 63, and the upper electret 61 and the lower electret 63 are respectively annularly disposed around the upper surface and the lower surface of the rotor base plate.
The lower stator 8 includes a dielectric friction material film 81, a first lower electrode group 82, a second lower electrode group 83, and a lower substrate 84, the lower substrate 84 is a ring-shaped structure with a through hole at the center, the first lower electrode group 82 and the second lower electrode group 83 are disposed on the upper surface of the lower substrate, the first lower electrode group 82 and the second lower electrode group 83 respectively include a plurality of electrodes, the electrodes of the first lower electrode group 82 and the electrodes of the second lower electrode group 83 are alternately arranged and respectively disposed on the upper surface of the lower substrate 84 in a ring shape, and the dielectric friction material film 84 is disposed on the upper surfaces of the first lower electrode group 82 and the second lower electrode group 83. The electrodes of the first lower electrode group 82 and the second lower electrode group 83 are provided at intervals on the lower substrate and are not communicated with each other, all the electrodes of the first lower electrode group 82 are communicated with each other, and all the electrodes of the second lower electrode group 83 are communicated with each other.
The first end of the spring 7 is fixed on the transmission rod 3, the second end of the spring 7 is in contact with the rotor and provides certain initial pressure, so that the fixed face gear 4 and the rotor face gear 5 are fully meshed when the angular acceleration is smaller than a set threshold, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod 3 is higher than the set threshold, the component force of the acting force of the fixed face gear 4 on the rotor face gear 5 along the axial direction of the transmission rod 3 is larger than the initial pressure provided by the spring 7, at the moment, the rotor face gear 5 and the rotor move in the axial direction, and the contact electrification between the lower electret of the rotor and the dielectric friction material film is realized.
The upper electret and the lower electret continue to rotate, a potential difference is generated between a first lower electrode group 82 and a second lower electrode group 83 which are arranged on the lower stator 8 at intervals, the positive charges of the discharge tip 1 are gathered through the multi-stage voltage amplification of a voltage multiplier circuit of an external load circuit, when the angular acceleration is smaller than a set threshold value, the fixed face gear 4 and the rotor face gear 5 are close to each other, the discharge tip 1 is close to the upper electret and discharges, and the high charge density distribution of the surface of the upper electret is realized.
Fig. 5 shows that one end of the spring 7 is fixed to the transmission rod 3 and the other end of the spring 7 is in contact with the rotor 6 and provides a certain initial pressure to make the fixed face gear 4 and the rotor face gear 5 fully mesh in a state of no angular acceleration. When the angular acceleration alpha of the transmission rod 3 is larger than a set threshold value, the component force of the acting force of the fixed end face gear 4 on the rotor end face gear 5 along the axial direction of the transmission rod 3 is larger than the pre-pressure provided by the spring 7. At this time, the rotor face gear 5 and the rotor 6 which is fixedly connected move in the axial direction.
Fig. 6 illustrates the process that the rotor face gear 5 and the fixedly connected rotor 6 move down axially, so that the lower rotor electret 63 and the dielectric friction material film 81 of the stator 6 are in contact-separation, friction charges are generated, and tip discharge is realized through a voltage multiplication circuit. Fig. 6a is an initial state, and fig. 6b is a process in which the rotor face gear 5 and the fixed face gear 4 relatively move and compress the spring 7 under the action of the angular acceleration of the transmission rod 3, so that the lower electret 63 in the rotor 6 contacts with the dielectric friction material film 81 to generate electricity, and the discharge tip 1 is made to gather positive charges through the voltage multiplication circuit; fig. 6c shows the process that after the angular acceleration is reduced, the spring 7 moves the rotor 6 when it is restored, so that the lower electret 63 of the rotor 6 is separated from the dielectric friction material film 81 of the lower stator 8, and at the same time, the upper electret 61 of the rotor 6 and the discharge tip 1 approach each other, and finally a discharge phenomenon occurs.
Fig. 7 illustrates the process of generating a potential difference between the electrodes of the charged rotor 6 and stator electrode group along with the rotation of the rotor 6 when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod 3 is not enough to move the rotor face gear 5 and the fixed face gear 4 relatively. Fig. 7a is an initial state, in which upper and lower electret electrodes in the rotor 6 are disposed opposite to one set of electrodes in the upper and lower stators, and an electrostatic equilibrium state of induced charges is generated between two adjacent electrodes; fig. 7b shows the state where the upper and lower electrodes in the rotor 6 move between the two sets of electrodes in the upper and lower stators during rotation, and electrons flow due to the potential difference; FIG. 7c shows the electrostatic equilibrium state where the upper and lower electrodes of the rotor 6 are opposite to the other set of electrodes of the upper and lower stators during rotation; fig. 7d shows a state where the upper and lower electrodes in the rotor 6 move between the two sets of electrodes in the upper and lower stators during rotation, and electrons flow in the other direction due to the generation of a potential difference.
The principle of generating electricity by the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-generator of the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 6 and 7. In the initial state, there are gaps between the upper and lower electrets 61 and 63 in the rotor 6 and the dielectric material films 21 and 81 in the upper and lower stators, respectively, and the mover 6 is in a separated state from the upper and lower stators 2 and 8. When the driving rod 3 is excited by an external rotary form, such as a rotary excitation form corresponding to wind energy, ocean energy or unstable mechanical energy, the external rotary motion will have angular acceleration at some moment. When the inertial force acting on the rotor face gear 5 is greater than the gear face friction force and the spring 7 pre-stress, relative sliding between the fixed face gear 4 and the rotor face gear 5 will occur, and cause the rotor face gear 5 to move axially (in this embodiment, downward as shown in fig. 6 b), so that the lower electret 63 contacts with the dielectric friction material film 81 of the lower stator 8, and the contact electrification occurs, and the contact state is shown with reference to fig. 6 b. When the lower electret 63 is displaced relative to the first and second lower electrode groups 82 and 83 in the lower stator 8, a potential difference that varies with the position of the electret 63 is generated between the first and second lower electrode groups 82 and 83, and positive charges are accumulated on the discharge tip 1 by multi-stage amplification of the voltage multiplier circuit, as shown in fig. 6 b. When the angular acceleration of the external rotation excitation decreases, the spring 7 pushes the rotor 6 to move along the axial direction (in this embodiment, along the upward direction shown in fig. 6 c) in the process of restoring to its original state, so that the lower electret 63 is separated from the dielectric friction material film 81 of the lower stator 8, as shown in fig. 6 c. Meanwhile, since the upper electret 61 and the discharge tip 1 are close to each other, the high voltage tip is finally caused to discharge, most of the positive charges accumulated by the discharge tip 1 are transferred to the surface of the upper electret 61, so that the high charge density distribution of the surface of the upper electret 61 is realized, and the first upper electrode group 22 induces the negative charges due to the electrostatic induction effect and the potential balance effect.
When the upper and lower electrodes of the rotor 6 are charged, the lower electrode group is switched to a normal connection mode, as shown in fig. 7a, and in an initial state, for example, the charge distribution positions of the upper and lower electrodes 61 and 63 of the rotor 6 correspond to the first upper electrode group 22 and the first lower electrode group 82 of the upper and lower stators, respectively. Due to the electrostatic induction, the first upper electrode group 22 and the first lower electrode group 82 induce negative charges. At the same time, the second upper electrode group 23 and the second lower electrode group 83 induce positive charges to balance the potential. When the rotor 6 rotates (in this embodiment, moves to the right along the direction indicated in fig. 7 b), the electrons in the first upper electrode group 22 flow to the second upper electrode group 23, and similarly, the electrons in the first lower electrode group 82 flow to the second lower electrode group 83, and the corresponding current direction is shown by the right arrow in fig. 7 b. When the rotor 6 is rotated to the position of fig. 7c, the charge distribution in the upper and lower electrode sets will be exactly opposite to that shown at a in fig. 7. When the rotor 6 is rotated to the figure 7d position, a current will be generated which is opposite to that in figure 7b due to the symmetry of the electrode sets.
In summary, the rotary friction nano power generation device of the embodiment realizes strategic energy collection of external unstable excitation based on the clutch of the end face gear set, for example, the rotary excitation form corresponding to the ocean energy, the wind energy or the unstable mechanical energy converted by the mechanical rotary structure enables the rotary structure to realize the movement of the rotor electret structure along the axial generation position of the transmission rod and realize contact electrification and charge supplement under the condition of angular acceleration, so as to ensure the working efficiency of the power generation device during the low-valley period of the excitation source. Meanwhile, the multi-stage voltage amplification of the voltage multiplier circuit is utilized to realize the accumulation and discharge of positive charges at the discharge tip and realize the high charge density distribution on the upper electret surface. Under a stable state (when the angular acceleration of external rotation motion is smaller than a set threshold), the rotor has no contact friction with the upper stator and the lower stator, and the rotation of the rotor electret enables potential difference to be generated between electrode groups arranged on the upper stator and the lower stator at intervals, so that electric charge flow is generated between the electrode groups, and the output of alternating current is realized. The rotary friction nano power generation device realizes high charge density distribution on the surface of the rotor electret through multi-stage voltage amplification and point discharge of the voltage multiplication circuit, greatly improves energy conversion efficiency, and can improve the working efficiency of the power generation device during the low-ebb period of an excitation source, reduce the occurrence of sliding friction between structures, reduce friction resistance in the working process and slow down the abrasion of a dielectric friction structure in the strategic contact-separation process of the rotor electret and a stator dielectric friction structure. The energy conversion efficiency and the durability of the rotary friction nano-generator under unstable excitation are improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a rotation type friction nanometer power generation facility based on point discharge which characterized in that: which comprises a discharge tip, an upper stator, a rotor, a lower stator, a transmission rod, a fixed end face gear, a rotor end face gear and a spring,
the discharge tip is arranged on the upper surface of the upper stator, the rotor is arranged between the upper stator and the lower stator, the upper stator, the rotor and the lower stator are connected through the transmission rod, the fixed end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the upper stator, the rotor end face gear is arranged between the transmission rod and the rotor, the spring is arranged between the transmission rod and the lower stator, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are meshed with each other, the fixed end face gear is fixedly connected with the transmission rod, and the rotor end face gear is fixedly connected with the rotor and can slide on the transmission rod so as to move along the axial direction;
the upper stator comprises an upper substrate, a first upper electrode group, a second upper electrode group and a dielectric material film, wherein the upper substrate is of an annular structure with a through hole in the center, the first upper electrode group and the second upper electrode group respectively comprise a plurality of electrodes, the two groups of upper electrode groups are alternately arranged and annularly arranged on the lower surface of the upper substrate in a surrounding manner, and the dielectric material film is arranged on the lower surfaces of the first upper electrode group and the second upper electrode group;
the rotor comprises an upper electret, a rotor substrate and a lower electret, wherein the upper electret is annularly arranged on the upper surface of the rotor substrate in a surrounding manner, and the lower electret is annularly arranged on the lower surface of the rotor substrate in a surrounding manner;
the lower stator comprises a dielectric friction material film, a first lower electrode group, a second lower electrode group and a lower substrate, the lower substrate is of an annular structure, a through hole is formed in the center of the annular structure, the first lower electrode group and the second lower electrode group are arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate, the first lower electrode group and the second lower electrode group respectively comprise a plurality of electrodes, two groups of lower electrode groups are alternately arranged and annularly arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate in a surrounding mode, and the dielectric friction material film is arranged on the upper surfaces of the first lower electrode group and the second lower electrode group;
the first end of the spring is fixed on the transmission rod close to one end of the lower stator, the second end of the spring is in contact with the rotor and provides certain initial pressure, so that the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are fully meshed when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is smaller than a set threshold value, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is higher than the set threshold value, the component force of the acting force of the fixed end face gear to the rotor end face gear along the axial direction of the transmission rod is larger than the initial pressure provided by the spring, and at the moment, the rotor end face gear and the rotor move axially, so that the contact electrification between the lower electret of the rotor and the dielectric friction material film is realized;
the upper electret and the lower electret continue to rotate, potential difference is generated between a first lower electrode group and a second lower electrode group which are arranged on the lower stator at intervals, positive charges of discharge tips are gathered through multi-stage voltage amplification of a voltage multiplier circuit in an external load circuit, when angular acceleration is smaller than a set threshold value, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are close to each other, the discharge tips are close to the upper electret and discharge, and high charge density distribution of the surface of the upper electret is achieved.
2. The point-discharge-based rotary triboelectric nano-generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: in an initial state, gaps exist between an upper electret and a lower electret in the rotor and dielectric material films and dielectric friction material films in the upper stator and the lower stator respectively, and the rotor is separated from the upper stator and the lower stator.
3. The point-discharge-based rotary triboelectric nano-generator according to claim 2, characterized in that: when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is smaller than a set threshold value, the rotor and the upper and lower stators have no contact friction, and alternating current generated by the upper stator electrode group and the lower stator electrode group is directly electrically output.
4. The point-discharge-based rotary triboelectric nano-generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrodes are in a plane conical structure, the width of the plane conical structure is gradually reduced along the direction from outside to inside, and all the electrodes of each electrode group are communicated with each other.
5. The point-discharge-based rotary triboelectric nano-generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge tip is in a needle-shaped structure, extends to the outside of the end face of the inner ring of the upper substrate, and has a small initial distance with the surface of the electret on the rotor.
6. The point-discharge-based rotary triboelectric nano-generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: the set threshold is set according to the fluctuation condition of the environmental rotating speed, and the set threshold can be adjusted through the rigidity and the initial pressure of the spring.
7. A power generation method based on the point discharge-based rotary friction nano-power generation device of claim 1, characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
s1, the fixed end face gear and the rotor end face gear are fully meshed in a state of no angular acceleration, when the angular acceleration alpha of the transmission rod is greater than a set threshold value, the component force of the acting force of the fixed end face gear on the rotor end face gear along the axial direction of the transmission rod is greater than the pre-pressure provided by the spring, and the rotor end face gear and the fixedly connected rotor move in the axial direction;
s2, the rotor face gear and the rotor which is fixedly connected move downwards in the axial direction and compress the spring, so that the lower electret of the rotor and the dielectric friction material film of the stator are contacted to generate electricity, and the discharge tips gather positive charges through the voltage multiplication circuit;
s3, when the angular acceleration is reduced, the spring drives the rotor to move when the spring is restored to the original state, so that the lower electret in the rotor is separated from the dielectric friction material film of the lower stator, and meanwhile, the upper electret in the rotor and the discharge tip are close to each other and discharge is carried out on the discharge tip;
s4, when the angular acceleration of the transmission rod is reduced continuously and is not enough to make the rotor face gear and the fixed face gear move relatively, the upper electret and the lower electret in the rotor move between the four groups of electrodes of the upper stator and the lower stator in the rotation process, the charged rotor electret and stator electrode groups generate induced charges between different electrode groups along with the rotation of the rotor, and further generate induced potential difference, and when the electrode groups are communicated, electrons flow due to the action of the potential difference.
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| JP7487966B2 (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2024-05-21 | 中山大学 | Frictional electromagnetic hybrid power generation device and its performance test platform and method |
| CN114039503A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-02-11 | 中山大学 | Friction-electromagnetic composite power generation device and performance test platform and method thereof |
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