CN113224630B - Delayed light path locking device and locking method - Google Patents
Delayed light path locking device and locking method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113224630B CN113224630B CN202110433650.5A CN202110433650A CN113224630B CN 113224630 B CN113224630 B CN 113224630B CN 202110433650 A CN202110433650 A CN 202110433650A CN 113224630 B CN113224630 B CN 113224630B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094026—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light for synchronously pumping, e.g. for mode locking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
Abstract
The invention discloses a time delay light path locking device and a method, comprising a femtosecond laser, a frequency feedback unit, a Michelson interference system, a balance cross-correlation unit and a long optical fiber locking unit; the femtosecond laser outputs an optical frequency comb, one part of the optical frequency comb enters a frequency feedback unit, the frequency feedback unit records the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb and feeds back a frequency signal to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the other part of the optical frequency comb enters a Michelson interference system, the optical frequency comb outputting a combined beam by the Michelson interference system enters a balanced cross-correlation unit, the balanced cross-correlation unit outputs an optical cross-correlation differential signal to a long optical fiber locking unit, and the long optical fiber locking unit adjusts the optical length of a long optical fiber light path according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal. The invention can compensate the deviation of the optical length of the long optical fiber caused by other factors such as environment, and compared with the method of using a continuous wave laser to form an auxiliary interference optical path to obtain an error signal, the invention can not introduce an unknown system error.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical precision measurement, in particular to a time-delay light path locking device and a locking method.
Background
Femtosecond optical frequency combs are important for many scientific and industrial applications. A wide scan range of the repetition frequency is difficult to achieve due to the configuration of the laser cavity. In 2015, Yoshiaki Nakajima proposes a femtosecond laser pulse interferometer with an unequal arm structure, a long optical fiber is added at the end of a reference path, and the multiplication effect of a scanning range is realized by using the large-size optical path difference between a measurement pulse and a reference pulse. The method makes a significant breakthrough in the aspects of application such as autocorrelation measurement, refractive index measurement, three-dimensional measurement and the like. According to the measurement principle, the stability of a reference arm in a measurement system directly influences the measurement precision, the reference arm of a traditional interferometric measurement system is shorter, in the measurement system based on the femtosecond laser multiplication effect, the long optical fiber reference arm is the basic requirement for realizing the measurement function, and the stability of the long optical fiber reference arm is crucial to the measurement result in the variable reference quantity construction process. However, the refractive index is greatly influenced by environmental factors, so the optical path length corresponding to the propagation of light changes correspondingly, and the longer the optical fiber length is, the more obvious the change is, so that the light is interfered by optical length fluctuation and phase noise when propagating in the optical fiber. Therefore, the length of the long optical fiber reference arm has obvious drift under the engineering field condition, and the accuracy of the reference quantity is influenced. Therefore, controlling the stability of the long fiber reference arm is a prerequisite for real-time measurement. The common method is to build an auxiliary interference light path and determine the change of the long optical fiber in an incremental manner, but the method needs a plurality of laser light sources, is easy to introduce an unknown system error, and needs to measure the change of an interference phase, so that the system cost is increased, the structure is more complicated, and the operation difficulty is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a time delay light path locking device and a time delay light path locking method, which can solve the problem that a measurement result has larger deviation caused by instability of a long optical fiber of an unbalanced interferometer in a measurement process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a time delay light path locking device comprises a femtosecond laser, a frequency feedback unit, a Michelson interference system, a balance cross-correlation unit and a long optical fiber locking unit; the femtosecond laser is used for outputting an optical frequency comb, one part of the optical frequency comb enters a frequency feedback unit, the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb is recorded through the frequency feedback unit and a frequency signal is fed back to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the other part of the optical frequency comb enters a Michelson interference system, the Michelson interference system comprises a second beam splitter, a polarization beam splitter prism, a long optical fiber optical path and a non-long optical fiber optical path, the optical frequency comb entering the Michelson interference system is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter, the two beams of optical frequency combs are combined through the polarization beam splitter prism after respectively passing through the long optical fiber optical path and the non-long optical fiber optical path, and the optical frequency comb of the combined beam enters a balanced cross-correlation unit, and outputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal to the long optical fiber locking unit, and adjusting the length of the long optical fiber light path by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal.
Further, the frequency feedback unit comprises a first beam splitter, a frequency meter and a signal generator, the first beam splitter divides the optical frequency comb into an optical frequency comb A and an optical frequency comb B, the frequency meter collects the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb A, the signal generator generates a frequency signal matched with the repetition frequency displayed by the frequency meter and feeds the frequency signal back to the frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the optical frequency comb B is split into an optical frequency comb C and an optical frequency comb D by the second beam splitter, and the optical frequency comb C and the optical frequency comb D respectively enter the long optical fiber light path and the non-long optical fiber light path.
Further, the first beam splitter employs a 10%: the optical frequency comb comprises a 90% beam splitter, wherein the 10% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb A, and the 90% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb B.
Further, the long optical fiber light path comprises a long optical fiber, an optical fiber stretcher, a first optical fiber collimator and a first 1/2 wave plate, and the optical frequency comb C sequentially passes through the long optical fiber, the wound optical fiber of the optical fiber stretcher, the first optical fiber collimator and a first 1/2 wave plate and then enters the polarization splitting prism; the non-long optical fiber light path comprises a second optical fiber collimator and a second 1/2 wave plate, and the optical frequency comb D sequentially passes through the second optical fiber collimator and a second 1/2 wave plate and then enters the polarization beam splitter prism.
Furthermore, the michelson interference system further comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, wherein the erbium-doped fiber amplifier is arranged at the input end of the second beam splitter and is used for amplifying the optical frequency comb B to enable the optical frequency comb C and the optical frequency comb D to generate frequency doubling signals.
Further, the balanced cross-correlation unit comprises a high-pass dichroic mirror, a first lens, a second lens, a PPKTP crystal, a low-pass dichroic mirror and a balanced differential amplification detector; the combined optical frequency comb penetrates through the high-pass dichroic mirror and the first lens and is focused to the PPKTP crystal, a part of the combined optical frequency comb generates a second harmonic effect in the PPKTP crystal to generate first frequency doubling light, the first frequency doubling light enters the negative end of the balanced differential amplification detector through the second lens and the low-pass dichroic mirror, a part of the combined optical frequency comb, which does not generate the second harmonic effect, is reflected by the low-pass dichroic mirror and is gathered to the PPKTP crystal through the second lens to generate second frequency doubling light, the second frequency doubling light penetrates through the first lens and is reflected to the positive end of the balanced differential amplification detector through the high-pass dichroic mirror, and the balanced differential amplification detector generates and outputs a cross-correlation electric signal.
Furthermore, the long optical fiber locking unit comprises a servo controller, a signal amplifier and an optical fiber stretcher, wherein the servo controller generates a corresponding voltage signal according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal, the voltage signal is input into the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher after being amplified by the signal amplifier, and the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher controls the length of the wound optical fiber in real time to lock the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a technical solution:
a time-delay optical path locking method comprises the following steps:
step 1, building the time-delay optical path locking device according to claim 1;
step 2, starting the femtosecond laser, enabling the Michelson interference system to generate a combined beam optical frequency comb and input the combined beam optical frequency comb into a balanced cross-correlation unit;
step 4, recording the current optical frequency comb repetition frequency by using a frequency feedback unit, feeding back a frequency signal matched with the current repetition frequency to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, and locking the femtosecond laser to the current repetition frequency by the frequency controller;
and 5, on the basis of the step 4, inputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal into a long optical fiber locking unit, controlling the length of the wound optical fiber by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal, and locking the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention obtains the optical cross-correlation differential signal by using the beam combining light output by the delay light path, transmits the optical cross-correlation differential signal to the servo controller as an error signal, and feeds back the optical cross-correlation differential signal to the optical fiber stretcher by using the output voltage of the servo controller as a driving voltage, thereby compensating the optical length deviation caused by the instability of the long optical fiber in the measuring process caused by other factors such as environment, and compared with the method of using a continuous wave laser to form an auxiliary interference light path to obtain the error signal, the invention can not introduce an unknown system error. In addition, the optical cross-correlation differential signal is generated when two optical frequency comb pulses passing through the long optical fiber optical path and the non-long optical fiber optical path are overlapped, and the problem that the traditional single femtosecond optical frequency comb frequency sweeping measurement is limited by the adjusting range of the repetition frequency of the laser is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a delay optical path locking device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the balanced cross-correlation unit and long fiber locking unit of the present invention;
in the figure, 1: a femtosecond laser; 2 a: a first fiber optic splitter; 2 b: a second fiber splitter; 3: an erbium-doped fiber amplifier; 4 a: a second fiber collimator; 4 b: a first fiber collimator; 5 a: a second 1/2 wave plate; 5 b: a first 1/2 wave plate; 6: a long optical fiber; 7: an optical fiber stretcher; 8: a polarization splitting prism; 11: a frequency meter; 12: a signal generator; 14: a high-pass dichroic mirror; 15: a first lens; 16: PPKTP crystal; 17: a second lens; 18: a low-pass dichroic mirror; 19: a mirror; 20: a balanced differential amplification detector; 21: a servo controller; 22: and a signal amplifier.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a delay optical path locking device includes a femtosecond laser 1, a frequency feedback unit, a michelson interference system, a balanced cross-correlation unit, and a long optical fiber locking unit; the femtosecond laser 1 is used for outputting an optical frequency comb, one part of the optical frequency comb enters a frequency feedback unit, the frequency feedback unit records the optical frequency comb repetition frequency and feeds back a frequency signal to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the other part of the optical frequency comb enters a Michelson interference system, the Michelson interference system comprises a second beam splitter 2b, a polarization beam splitter 8, a long optical fiber light path and a non-long optical fiber light path, the optical frequency comb entering the Michelson interference system is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter 2b, the two optical fiber combs respectively pass through the long optical fiber light path and the non-long optical fiber light path, the beams are combined through a polarization beam splitter prism 8, the combined optical frequency comb enters a balance cross-correlation unit, and outputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal to the long optical fiber locking unit, and adjusting the length of the long optical fiber light path by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal.
In this embodiment, the frequency feedback unit includes a first beam splitter 2a, a frequency meter 11, and a signal generator 12, the first beam splitter 2a splits the optical frequency comb into an optical frequency comb a and an optical frequency comb B, the frequency meter 11 collects the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb a, the signal generator 12 generates a frequency signal matching the repetition frequency displayed by the frequency meter 11 and feeds back the frequency signal to the frequency controller of the femtosecond laser 1, the optical frequency comb B is split into an optical frequency comb C and an optical frequency comb D by a second beam splitter 2B, and the optical frequency comb C and the optical frequency comb D enter the long optical fiber optical path and the non-long optical fiber optical path, respectively.
In this embodiment, the first beam splitter 2a is a 10%: the optical frequency comb comprises a 90% beam splitter, wherein the 10% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb A, and the 90% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb B.
In this embodiment, the long optical fiber light path includes a long optical fiber 6, an optical fiber stretcher 7, a first optical fiber collimator 4b and a first 1/2 wave plate 5b, and the light frequency comb C sequentially passes through the long optical fiber 6, the winding optical fiber of the optical fiber stretcher 7, the first optical fiber collimator 4b and the first 1/2 wave plate 5b and then enters the polarization beam splitter prism 8; the non-long optical fiber light path comprises a second optical fiber collimator 4a and a second 1/2 wave plate 5a, and the optical frequency comb D sequentially passes through the second optical fiber collimator 4a and the second 1/2 wave plate 5a and then enters the polarization beam splitter prism 8.
In this embodiment, the michelson interference system further includes an erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3, where the erbium-doped fiber amplifier 3 is disposed at an input end of the second beam splitter 2B, and is configured to amplify the optical-frequency comb B, so that the optical-frequency comb C and the optical-frequency comb D generate a frequency-doubled signal.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the balanced cross-correlation unit includes a high-pass dichroic mirror 14, a first lens 15, a second lens 17, a PPKTP crystal 16, a low-pass dichroic mirror 18, a reflecting mirror 19, and a balanced difference amplification detector 20; the combined optical frequency comb is focused on the PPKTP crystal 16 through the high-pass dichroic mirror 14 and the first lens 15, a part of the combined optical frequency comb generates a second harmonic effect in the PPKTP crystal 16 to generate first frequency doubling light, the first frequency doubling light enters the negative end of the balanced differential amplification detector 20 through the second lens 17 and the low-pass dichroic mirror 18, a part of the combined optical frequency comb, which does not generate the second harmonic effect, is reflected by the low-pass dichroic mirror 18, and is collected on the PPKTP crystal 16 through the second lens 17 to generate second frequency doubling light, the second frequency doubling light is reflected by the high-pass dichroic mirror 14 through the first lens 15 and is reflected to the positive end of the balanced differential amplification detector 20 through the reflecting mirror 19, and the balanced differential amplification detector 20 generates and outputs a cross-correlation electrical signal.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the long optical fiber locking unit includes a servo controller 21 and a signal amplifier 22, the servo controller 21 generates a corresponding voltage signal according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal, the voltage signal is amplified by the signal amplifier 22 and then input to the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher 7, and the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher 7 controls the length of the wound optical fiber in real time to lock the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
In this embodiment, the optical fiber stretcher 7 uses piezoelectric ceramics, winds the long optical fiber on the piezoelectric ceramics, and changes the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramics to cause the piezoelectric ceramics to generate stress deformation, thereby changing the length of the optical fiber wound on the piezoelectric ceramics, and realizing real-time control of the length of the optical fiber.
The delay light path locking device can solve the problem of instability of the long optical fiber caused by other factors such as environment and the like in the measurement process, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
step 1, building the time-delay optical path locking device according to claim 1;
step 2, starting the femtosecond laser to enable the Michelson interference system to generate a combined beam optical frequency comb and input the combined beam optical frequency comb into a balanced cross-correlation unit;
step 4, recording the current optical frequency comb repetition frequency by using a frequency feedback unit, feeding back a frequency signal matched with the current repetition frequency to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, and locking the femtosecond laser to the current repetition frequency by the frequency controller;
and 5, on the basis of the step 4, inputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal into the long optical fiber locking unit, controlling the length of the wound optical fiber by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal and controlling the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher to control the length of the wound optical fiber in real time, and locking the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
According to the method, a differential signal generated by an optical cross-correlation method is taken as an error signal and is transmitted to a servo controller, a voltage signal output by the servo controller is amplified by a signal amplifier and is fed back to an optical fiber stretcher, the stretching amount of the optical fiber stretcher and the input voltage are in an approximately linear relation, so that the fluctuation of a long optical fiber is stabilized, the problem of instability of the long optical fiber caused by other factors such as environment in the measurement process is solved, and compared with the method that an auxiliary interference optical path is formed by using a continuous wave laser, an unknown system error cannot be introduced when the error signal is obtained.
In addition, the method generates an optical cross-correlation differential signal when two optical frequency comb pulses passing through a long optical fiber optical path and a non-long optical fiber optical path are overlapped, and the problem that the traditional single femtosecond optical frequency comb frequency sweeping measurement is limited by the regulation range of the repetition frequency of the laser is solved.
The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A time delay light path locking device is characterized by comprising a femtosecond laser, a frequency feedback unit, a Michelson interference system, a balance cross-correlation unit and a long optical fiber locking unit; the femtosecond laser is used for outputting an optical frequency comb, one part of the optical frequency comb enters a frequency feedback unit, the frequency feedback unit records the repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb and feeds back a frequency signal to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the other part of the optical frequency comb enters a Michelson interference system, the Michelson interference system comprises a second beam splitter, a polarization beam splitter prism, a long optical fiber optical path and a non-long optical fiber optical path, the optical frequency comb entering the Michelson interference system is divided into two beams by the second beam splitter, the two beams of optical frequency combs are combined through the polarization beam splitter after respectively passing through the long optical fiber optical path and the non-long optical fiber optical path, and the optical frequency comb of the combined beams enters a balanced cross-correlation unit, and outputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal to the long optical fiber locking unit, and adjusting the length of the long optical fiber light path by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal.
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frequency feedback unit comprises a first beam splitter, a frequency meter and a signal generator, the first beam splitter splits the optical frequency comb into an optical frequency comb a and an optical frequency comb B, the frequency meter collects a repetition frequency of the optical frequency comb a, the signal generator generates a frequency signal matching the repetition frequency displayed by the frequency meter and feeds the frequency signal back to the frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, the optical frequency comb B is split into an optical frequency comb C and an optical frequency comb D by the second beam splitter, and the optical frequency comb C and the optical frequency comb D enter the long fiber optical path and the non-long fiber optical path, respectively.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first beam splitter employs a 10%: the optical frequency comb comprises a 90% beam splitter, wherein the 10% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb A, and the 90% output end of the beam splitter outputs an optical frequency comb B.
4. The device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the long fiber optical path comprises a long fiber, a fiber stretcher, a first fiber collimator, and a first 1/2 wave plate, the optical frequency comb C sequentially passes through the long fiber, the winding fiber of the fiber stretcher, the first fiber collimator, and the first 1/2 wave plate, and then enters the polarization beam splitter prism; the non-long optical fiber light path comprises a second optical fiber collimator and a second 1/2 wave plate, and the optical frequency comb D sequentially passes through the second optical fiber collimator and a second 1/2 wave plate and then enters the polarization beam splitter prism.
5. The delayed optical locking device of claim 4, wherein said Michelson interference system further comprises an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, said erbium-doped fiber amplifier being disposed at the input end of the second beam splitter.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the balanced cross-correlation unit comprises a high-pass dichroic mirror, a first lens, a second lens, a PPKTP crystal, a low-pass dichroic mirror, and a balanced differential amplification detector; the combined optical frequency comb penetrates through the high-pass dichroic mirror and the first lens and is focused to the PPKTP crystal, a part of the combined optical frequency comb generates a second harmonic effect in the PPKTP crystal to generate first frequency doubling light, the first frequency doubling light enters the negative end of the balanced differential amplification detector through the second lens and the low-pass dichroic mirror, a part of the combined optical frequency comb, which does not generate the second harmonic effect, is reflected by the low-pass dichroic mirror and is gathered to the PPKTP crystal through the second lens to generate second frequency doubling light, the second frequency doubling light penetrates through the first lens and is reflected to the positive end of the balanced differential amplification detector through the high-pass dichroic mirror, and the balanced differential amplification detector generates and outputs a cross-correlation electric signal.
7. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the long fiber locking unit comprises a servo controller and a signal amplifier, the servo controller generates a corresponding voltage signal according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal, the voltage signal is amplified by the signal amplifier and then input into the piezoelectric ceramic of the fiber stretcher, and the piezoelectric ceramic of the fiber stretcher controls the length of the wound fiber in real time to lock the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
8. A time-delay optical path locking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, building the time-delay optical path locking device according to claim 1;
step 2, starting the femtosecond laser to enable the Michelson interference system to generate a combined beam optical frequency comb and input the combined beam optical frequency comb into a balanced cross-correlation unit;
step 3, adjusting the repetition frequency of the femtosecond laser to overlap two light frequency comb pulses passing through the long optical fiber light path and the non-long optical fiber light path, and converting the combined light frequency comb into an optical cross-correlation differential signal by a balance cross-correlation unit;
step 4, recording the current optical frequency comb repetition frequency by using a frequency feedback unit, feeding back a frequency signal matched with the current repetition frequency to a frequency controller of the femtosecond laser, and locking the femtosecond laser to the current repetition frequency by the frequency controller;
and 5, on the basis of the step 4, inputting the optical cross-correlation differential signal into the long optical fiber locking unit, controlling the length of the wound optical fiber by the long optical fiber locking unit according to the optical cross-correlation differential signal and controlling the piezoelectric ceramic of the optical fiber stretcher to control the length of the wound optical fiber in real time, and locking the optical cross-correlation differential signal to a zero point.
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