CN113217149A

CN113217149A - Post-processor protection device and vehicle comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN113217149A
Application number: CN202110610557.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘守顺
Original assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Current assignee: FAW Jiefang Automotive Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-01
Filing date: 2021-06-01
Publication date: 2021-08-06

Abstract

The invention relates to a post-processor protection device, which comprises a bypass pipeline, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, wherein the bypass pipeline is connected to a connecting port in a matching mode and communicated with an air inlet pipeline; the switch mechanism is arranged in the air inlet pipeline; the switch mechanism is controlled to open the connecting port and close the gas outlet when the content of the target gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, and is constructed to form a first tail gas passage communicated between the gas inlet and the connecting port; and when the content of the target gas is less than the preset content, the switch mechanism is controlled to close the connecting port and open the gas outlet, and a second tail gas passage communicated between the gas inlet and the gas outlet is formed. When the content of the target gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, the switch mechanism is controlled to conduct the first tail gas passage and disconnect the second tail gas passage, so that the insufficiently combusted tail gas is directly discharged to the external environment through the bypass pipeline and does not pass through the postprocessor, thereby avoiding the overheating failure of the postprocessor caused by the chemical reaction of the insufficiently combusted tail gas in the postprocessor and further playing a role in protecting the postprocessor.

Description

Post-processor protection device and vehicle comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle postprocessors, in particular to a postprocessor protection device and a vehicle comprising the same.

Background

When a vehicle using natural gas fuel is running, if the engine has a misfire failure, the running speed of the vehicle is limited and the driver needs to drive the vehicle to a service point in a limp home mode.

However, in this process, the natural gas contains a large amount of methane due to insufficient combustion, and the tail gas containing a large amount of methane enters the vehicle's after-treatment device. The methane and the catalyst in the post-processor are subjected to chemical reaction, the reaction process is rapid, a large amount of heat is released, the internal temperature of the post-processor is rapidly increased, and the post-processor fails due to overtemperature.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an aftertreatment device protection device and a vehicle including the same, aiming at the problem that the exhaust gas which is not combusted sufficiently enters the aftertreatment device and reacts with a catalyst in the aftertreatment device to emit a large amount of heat, so that the aftertreatment device fails at an excessive temperature.

A post-processor protection device is connected with a post-processor, the post-processor comprises an air inlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline comprises a pipe body with an air inlet channel, and the two axial ends of the pipe body are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the air inlet channel; still seted up on the perisporium of body with the connector of inlet channel intercommunication, aftertreatment ware protection device includes:

the bypass pipeline is connected to the connecting port in a matched mode and communicated with the air inlet pipeline; and

the switching mechanism is arranged in the air inlet pipeline;

the switch mechanism is controlled to open the connecting port and close the gas outlet when the content of the target gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, and is constructed to form a first tail gas passage communicated between the gas inlet and the connecting port;

and when the content of the target gas is less than the preset content, the switch mechanism is controlled to close the connecting port and open the gas outlet, and is constructed to form a second tail gas passage communicated between the gas inlet and the gas outlet.

In one embodiment, one end of the bypass pipeline is connected with the connecting port and forms a spherical sealing surface, and the other end of the bypass pipeline is communicated with the outside.

In one embodiment, the switch mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a first switch portion and a second switch portion, the first switch portion rotates along with the rotating shaft and is controlled to connect or disconnect the second exhaust passage, and the second switch portion rotates along with the rotating shaft and is controlled to connect or disconnect the first exhaust passage.

In one embodiment, the first switch portion includes a valve plate, the rotating shaft axially penetrates through the valve plate, and the valve plate is separated between the air outlet and the connecting port along with the rotating shaft when the content of the target gas is greater than or equal to a preset content, and keeps the outer edge of the valve plate in sealing contact with the inner wall of the air inlet pipeline.

In one embodiment, the second switching portion includes a sealing joint disposed on a surface of the valve plate facing the connection port;

when the content of the target gas is smaller than the preset content, the sealing joint is abutted with the connecting port along with the sealing of the rotating shaft.

In one embodiment, the post-processor protection device further comprises an operating mechanism, wherein the operating mechanism comprises a rotating assembly and a control assembly which are connected with each other, one end of the rotating assembly is connected with the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotated under the control of the control assembly.

In one embodiment, the rotating assembly comprises a transmission part and a reset part, the transmission part is connected between the control assembly and the rotating shaft in a transmission mode and drives the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously in response to the control of the control assembly, and the reset part is connected between the transmission part and the rotating shaft.

In one embodiment, the transmission component comprises a first rotating arm, a steel wire cable and a second rotating arm, and the resetting piece is a torsion spring; the one end of second rocking arm with the control assembly transmission is connected, the one end of steel wire cable with the other end of second rocking arm is connected, the one end of first rocking arm with the other end of steel wire cable is connected, the other end of first rocking arm passes through the torsional spring with the pivot transmission is connected.

In one embodiment, the control assembly comprises a cylinder and a control switch which are connected with each other, and the cylinder responds to the control of the control switch and is linked with the second rotating arm to act synchronously.

The invention also provides a vehicle comprising the aftertreatment protection device.

Above-mentioned aftertreatment ware protection device and contain this protection device's vehicle, when the target gas content in the inlet channel is more than or equal to predetermines the content, switching mechanism is controlled to switch on first tail gas passageway and break off the second tail gas passageway for the insufficient tail gas of burning directly discharges to the external environment through the bypass line, does not pass through the aftertreatment ware, thereby avoid the insufficient tail gas of burning to take place chemical reaction in the aftertreatment ware and lead to the aftertreatment ware to surpass the temperature inefficacy, and then play the guard action to the aftertreatment ware.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a post-processor protection device;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the aftertreatment protection device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the aftertreatment protection device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram of the second exhaust passage ON/first exhaust passage OFF state of the aftertreatment protection device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a second exhaust passage open/first exhaust passage open state in the aftertreatment protection device of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall structure of an aftertreatment protection device according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a post-processor protection device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of a post-processor protection device according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the second exhaust passage on/first exhaust passage off status in the aftertreatment protection device in accordance with an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the second exhaust passage being open/the first exhaust passage being open in the aftertreatment protection device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aftertreatment protection device 100 connected to an aftertreatment device 200 of a vehicle. Specifically, the aftertreatment device 200 includes an air intake conduit 201, the air intake conduit 201 including a tubular body having an air intake passage. Wherein, the axial both ends of body are seted up respectively all with the air inlet and the gas outlet of inlet channel intercommunication, still set up the connector 202 with the inlet channel intercommunication on the perisporium of body.

The aftertreatment protection device 100 includes a bypass line 10 and a switch mechanism 20, wherein the bypass line 10 is coupled to the connection port 202 and communicates with the intake line 201, and the switch mechanism 20 is disposed in the intake line 201. When the content of the target gas in the gas inlet channel is greater than or equal to the preset content, the switch mechanism 20 is controlled to open the connecting port 202 and close the gas outlet. In this case, the structure forms a first exhaust gas passage communicating between the intake port and the connection port 202. When the content of the target gas in the gas inlet channel is less than the preset content, the switch mechanism 20 is controlled to close the connecting port 202 and open the gas outlet. The configuration at this time forms a second exhaust gas passage communicating between the gas inlet and the gas outlet.

In this embodiment, the post-processor protection device 100 is electrically connected to the post-processor 200, and to the ECU, and receives signals from the ECU. The target gas is specifically the methane content. When the methane content in the air inlet channel is larger than or equal to the preset content value, the ECU sends a signal. The switch mechanism 20 is controlled to switch on the first exhaust passage while switching off the second exhaust passage. The exhaust gases in the inlet channel are discharged to the outside environment via a bypass line 10.

One end of the bypass line 10 is connected to the connection port 202 to form the spherical sealing surface 11, and the other end is communicated with the outside. The exhaust gases that are not completely combusted in the intake passage are discharged to the outside environment through the bypass line 10.

In this embodiment, the switch mechanism 20 includes a rotating shaft 21, a first switch portion 22 and a second switch portion 23, the first switch portion 22 rotates along with the rotating shaft 21 and is controlled to turn on or off the second exhaust passage, and the second switch portion 23 rotates along with the rotating shaft 21 and is controlled to turn on or off the first exhaust passage.

When the vehicle normally runs, the content of methane in the tail gas is less than the preset content. The first switch part 22 is controlled to turn on the second exhaust passage, the second switch part 23 is controlled to turn off the first exhaust passage, and the exhaust enters the post-processor 200 through the second exhaust passage. When the engine has fire fault, the methane content in the tail gas is larger than or equal to the preset content. The first switch part 22 is controlled to disconnect the second tail gas passage, the second switch part 23 is controlled to connect the first tail gas passage, and the insufficiently combusted tail gas is discharged to the air through the first tail gas passage.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, further, the first switch portion 22 includes a valve plate 221, and the rotating shaft 21 axially penetrates through the valve plate 221. When the content of the target gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, the valve sheet 221 is separated between the gas outlet and the connection port 202 along with the rotating shaft 21, and keeps the outer edge of the valve sheet in sealing contact with the inner wall of the gas inlet pipeline 201. Specifically, the outer profile of valve plate 221 matches the inner diameter profile of intake conduit 201. When the content of methane in the tail gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, the valve plate 221 rotates along with the rotating shaft 21 until the outer edge of the valve plate 221 is in sealing and abutting contact with the inner wall of the pipeline of the air inlet pipeline 201, and at the moment, the second tail gas passage is disconnected.

The second opening and closing portion 23 includes a sealing joint 231, and the sealing joint 231 is provided on a surface of the valve sheet 221 facing the connection port 202. When the content of the target gas is less than the preset content, the sealing joint 231 follows the rotating shaft 21 to be in sealing contact with the connecting port 202. Specifically, the sealing joint 231 is configured as a ball joint that mates with the spherical sealing surface 11 formed by the bypass line 10 and the connection port 202. When the content of methane in the tail gas is smaller than the preset content, the spherical joint rotates along with the rotating shaft 21 and is in sealing contact with the spherical sealing surface 11, and the first tail gas passage is cut off.

In this embodiment, the sealing joint 231 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 221 and forms a combination switch which rotates together about the rotary shaft 21. When the combination switch is rotated until the valve plate 221 is axially parallel to the intake pipe 201, the spherical joint is abutted against the spherical sealing surface 11. At this time, the second exhaust passage is turned on, the first exhaust passage is turned off, and the exhaust gas enters the post-processor 200 through the second exhaust passage. When the combination switch rotates to a certain angle between the valve plate 221 and the axial direction of the air inlet pipeline 201, the edge of the valve plate 221 abuts against the inner wall of the air inlet pipeline 201, and the spherical joint is separated from the spherical sealing surface 11. At the moment, the second tail gas passage is disconnected, the first tail gas passage is conducted, and tail gas is discharged to the external environment through the first tail gas passage.

Further, the aftertreatment protector 100 further includes an operating mechanism 30, the operating mechanism 30 includes a rotating member 31 and a control member 32 connected to each other, one end of the rotating member 31 is connected to the rotating shaft 21, and the rotating shaft 21 is rotated under the control of the control member 32.

Furthermore, the rotating assembly 31 includes a transmission part 311 and a reset part 312, the transmission part 311 is connected between the control assembly 32 and the rotating shaft 21 in a transmission manner, and drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate synchronously in response to the control of the control assembly 32, and the reset part 312 is connected between the transmission part 311 and the rotating shaft 21.

Specifically, the transmission part 311 includes a first rotating arm 3111, a wire cable 3112 and a second rotating arm 3113, and the reset piece 312 is a torsion spring. One end and the control assembly 32 transmission of second rocking arm 3113 are connected, and the one end of wire cable 3112 is connected with the other end of second rocking arm 3113, and the one end of first rocking arm 3111 is connected with the other end of wire cable 3112, and the other end of first rocking arm 3111 passes through the torsional spring and is connected with pivot 21 transmission. The second rotating arm 3113 is rotated under the control of the control unit 32, and drives the wire cable 3112 to move along the longitudinal direction thereof, so as to drive the first rotating arm 3111 to rotate. The first rotating arm 3111 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring and then drives the valve plate 221 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21.

Specifically, when the vehicle is normally running, the methane content in the exhaust gas is less than the preset content. The first rotating arm 3111 makes the valve plate 221 parallel to the axial direction of the air intake pipe 201 by the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring. At this time, the spherical joint is in butt joint with the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is conducted, the first exhaust passage is disconnected, and the exhaust enters the post-processor 200 through the second exhaust passage. When the engine has fire fault, the methane content in the tail gas is larger than or equal to the preset content. The second rotating arm 3113 is rotated under the control of the control unit 32, and the wire cable 3112 is driven to move along the longitudinal direction of the second rotating arm 3113. The first rotating arm 3111 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring under the pulling of the steel cable 3112, and drives the valve plate 221 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21. Until the edge of the valve sheet 221 abuts against the inner wall of the intake pipe 201, the valve sheet 221 stops rotating. At this time, the spherical joint is separated from the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is disconnected, the first exhaust passage is conducted, and exhaust is discharged to the external environment through the first exhaust passage.

As shown in fig. 3, the control assembly 32 includes a cylinder 321 and a control switch 322 connected to each other, and the cylinder 321 responds to the control of the control switch 322 and is linked with the second rotating arm 3113 for synchronous action.

Referring to fig. 5, when the engine has a misfire malfunction, the methane content in the exhaust gas is greater than or equal to a preset content. The control switch 322 controls the air to enter the cylinder 321, the cylinder 321 pushes the second rotating arm 3113 to rotate, and the second rotating arm 3113 drives the wire cable 3112 to move along the longitudinal direction to the second rotating arm 3113. The first rotating arm 3111 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring under the pulling of the steel cable 3112, and drives the valve plate 221 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21. Until the edge of the valve sheet 221 abuts against the inner wall of the intake pipe 201, the valve sheet 221 stops rotating. At this time, the spherical joint is separated from the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is disconnected, the first exhaust passage is connected, and the insufficiently combusted exhaust is discharged into the air through the first exhaust passage.

Referring to fig. 4, when the misfire malfunction is eliminated, the methane content in the exhaust gas is less than a preset content. The control switch 322 controls the air to be discharged from the cylinder 321, and the first rotating arm 3111 drives the rotating shaft 21 to rotate under the torsion of the torsion spring, so that the valve plate 221 is parallel to the axial direction of the air inlet pipeline 201. At this time, the spherical joint is in butt joint with the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is conducted, the first exhaust passage is disconnected, and the exhaust enters the post-processor 200 through the second exhaust passage.

In this embodiment, the control switch 322 is connected to a compressed gas pipe (not shown) of a vehicle brake system and is electrically connected to the ECU, and the control switch 322 causes compressed gas to be introduced into or discharged from the cylinder 321 under the control of the ECU. Specifically, the control switch 322 is a solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve is electrically connected to the ECU to receive an electrical signal transmitted by the ECU. Further, the solenoid valve has a first outlet connected to the cylinder 321, a second outlet connected to the compressed gas pipe, and a third outlet connected to the air.

When the engine has a fire fault, the ECU detects that the content of methane in the tail gas is greater than or equal to the preset content, a signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is electrified. The first outlet is open simultaneously with the second outlet and the third outlet is closed. Compressed gas enters the cylinder 321 through the second outlet and the first outlet, the cylinder 321 pushes the second rotating arm 3113 to rotate, the second rotating arm 3113 drives the wire cable 3112 to move along the longitudinal direction, and the first rotating arm 3111 is pulled to rotate. The first rotating arm 3111 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring under the action of the pulling force, and drives the valve plate 221 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21.

When the fire accident is eliminated, the ECU detects that the methane content in the tail gas is less than the preset content, the signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is powered off. The first outlet and the third outlet are open, and the second outlet is closed. The passage of the compressed gas into the cylinder 321 is intercepted, and at the same time, the compressed gas in the cylinder 321 is discharged through the third outlet. The cylinder 321 is reset under the action of its own spring, and the valve plate 221 is returned to a position parallel to the axial direction of the intake pipe 201 by the torsion of the torsion spring.

Based on the same concept as the above-mentioned aftertreatment protection device 100, the present invention also provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned aftertreatment protection device 100.

When the invention is used specifically, when the engine has fire trouble, the ECU detects that the methane content in the tail gas is more than or equal to the preset content. And the OBD gives an alarm, and meanwhile, the ECU transmits a signal to the electromagnetic valve to electrify and open the electromagnetic valve. The first outlet is open simultaneously with the second outlet and the third outlet is closed. The compressed gas enters the cylinder 321 through the second outlet and the first outlet, and the cylinder 321 pushes the second rotating arm 3113 to rotate, thereby driving the wire cable 3112 to move to the second rotating arm 3113 side along the longitudinal direction. The first rotating arm 3111 overcomes the torsion of the torsion spring under the pulling of the steel cable 3112, and drives the valve plate 221 to rotate through the rotating shaft 21. Until the edge of the valve sheet 221 abuts against the inner wall of the intake pipe 201, the valve sheet 221 stops rotating. At this time, the spherical joint is separated from the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is disconnected, the first exhaust passage is connected, and the insufficiently combusted exhaust is discharged to the external environment through the first exhaust passage.

When the fire accident is eliminated, the ECU detects that the methane content in the tail gas is less than the preset content, and the ECU transmits a signal to the electromagnetic valve to close the electromagnetic valve when the power failure occurs. The first outlet and the third outlet are open, and the second outlet is closed. The passage of the compressed gas into the cylinder 321 is intercepted, and at the same time, the compressed gas in the cylinder 321 is discharged through the third outlet. The cylinder 321 is reset under the action of its own spring, and the valve plate 221 is returned to a position parallel to the axial direction of the intake pipe 201 by the torsion of the torsion spring. At this time, the spherical joint is in butt joint with the spherical sealing surface 11, the second exhaust passage is conducted, the first exhaust passage is disconnected, and the exhaust enters the post-processor 200 through the second exhaust passage.

The aftertreatment protection device 100 and the vehicle including the same in the above embodiments have at least the following advantages:

1) the bypass pipeline 10 is communicated with the air inlet pipeline 201 to form a first tail gas passage and a second tail gas passage which are independent of each other, the first tail gas passage conducts the engine and the external environment, the second tail gas passage conducts the engine and the postprocessor 200, and the first tail gas passage is conducted/disconnected or the first tail gas passage is disconnected/conducted respectively according to the methane content in the tail gas, so that the tail gas entering the postprocessor 200 is controlled to be fully combusted, and the postprocessor 200 is protected;

2) the mutual matching of the rotating shaft 21, the valve plate 221 and the sealing joint 231 is adopted, the connection and disconnection of the first tail gas channel and the second tail gas channel are realized at the same time, the connection and disconnection of the second tail gas channel are controlled by the valve plate 221, and the connection and disconnection of the first tail gas channel are realized by the matching of the sealing joint 231 and the spherical sealing surface 11, so that the structure is simple and the operation is convenient;

3) the second outlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a compressed gas pipe of a vehicle braking system, the compressed gas of the vehicle can be used for controlling the cylinder to move, other external gas sources are not needed, and cyclic utilization can be realized;

4) the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the ECU, when the engine has a fire fault, the ECU automatically transmits a signal to the electromagnetic valve so as to control the on-off of the electromagnetic valve, and the full-automatic management of the post-processor protection device 100 can be realized.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A post-processor protection device is connected with a post-processor, the post-processor comprises an air inlet pipeline, the air inlet pipeline comprises a pipe body with an air inlet channel, and the two axial ends of the pipe body are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the air inlet channel; characterized in that, still seted up on the perisporium of body with the connector of inlet channel intercommunication, aftertreatment ware protection device includes:

the switching mechanism is arranged in the air inlet pipeline;

2. The aftertreatment protection device of claim 1, wherein one end of the bypass line is connected to the connection port and forms a spherical sealing surface, and the other end is in communication with the outside.

3. The aftertreatment protection device according to claim 2, wherein the switching mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a first switching portion and a second switching portion, the first switching portion rotates along with the rotating shaft and is controlled to conduct or disconnect the second exhaust passage, and the second switching portion rotates along with the rotating shaft and is controlled to conduct or disconnect the first exhaust passage.

4. The aftertreatment device protection device according to claim 3, wherein the first switch portion comprises a valve plate, the rotating shaft axially penetrates through the valve plate, and the valve plate is separated between the air outlet and the connection port along with the rotating shaft when the target gas content is greater than or equal to a preset content, and keeps the outer edge of the valve plate in sealing contact with the inner wall of the air inlet pipeline.

5. The aftertreatment protection device of claim 4, wherein the second switching portion comprises a sealing joint disposed on a surface of the valve plate facing the connection port;

6. The aftertreatment protector of claim 3, further comprising an operating mechanism including a rotating assembly and a control assembly connected to each other, wherein one end of the rotating assembly is connected to the rotating shaft and rotates the rotating shaft under the control of the control assembly.

7. The aftertreatment protection device of claim 6, wherein the rotating assembly comprises a transmission part and a reset part, the transmission part is connected between the control assembly and the rotating shaft in a transmission manner and drives the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously in response to the control of the control assembly, and the reset part is connected between the transmission part and the rotating shaft.

8. The aftertreatment protector of claim 7, wherein the transmission member includes a first rotating arm, a wire cable, and a second rotating arm, and the reset member is a torsion spring; the one end of second rocking arm with the control assembly transmission is connected, the one end of steel wire cable with the other end of second rocking arm is connected, the one end of first rocking arm with the other end of steel wire cable is connected, the other end of first rocking arm passes through the torsional spring with the pivot transmission is connected.

9. The aftertreatment protection device of claim 8, wherein the control assembly comprises a cylinder and a control switch connected to each other, the cylinder being responsive to the control switch and acting in synchronization with the second rotating arm.

10. A vehicle comprising an aftertreatment protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.