CN113206534A - Energy storage system power control method, controller and energy storage system - Google Patents
Energy storage system power control method, controller and energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113206534A CN113206534A CN202110637931.2A CN202110637931A CN113206534A CN 113206534 A CN113206534 A CN 113206534A CN 202110637931 A CN202110637931 A CN 202110637931A CN 113206534 A CN113206534 A CN 113206534A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a power control method, a controller and an energy storage system of an energy storage system. And the voltage control loop controls an output value according to the obtained terminal voltage of the energy storage battery and a voltage given value matched with the charging and discharging state. When the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter the protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, reduces the power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates the amplitude limiting value corresponding to the voltage control loop according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop restores the amplitude limiting state. According to the process, the output value of the voltage control loop is reduced and the corresponding power of the system is reduced before the energy storage battery enters the protection state, and then the corresponding amplitude limiting value of the voltage control loop is updated, so that the corresponding power of the energy storage system is reduced in an automatic circulation mode until the energy storage battery is fully charged or discharged, and therefore the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy storage control, and particularly relates to a power control method of an energy storage system, a controller and the energy storage system.
Background
In the power control process of the energy storage system, due to the self characteristics of the energy storage battery, when the energy storage battery is fully charged, if the charging power is too large, an overvoltage protection mechanism of the battery is triggered, namely, the charging is stopped, and at the moment, a little margin is left in the state of charge (SOC) of the battery to not reach the true full-charge state. Both of the above two situations are closed in advance due to self-protection of the battery, and further the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the battery is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide a power control method, a controller and an energy storage system for an energy storage system, so as to prevent an energy storage battery from being turned off before being fully charged or fully discharged, and improve the electric quantity utilization rate of the energy storage battery, and the disclosed technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a power control method for an energy storage system, where the control system of the energy storage system includes a voltage control loop, and the voltage control loop has an output amplitude limiting function, the method includes:
acquiring the terminal voltage of an energy storage battery, and acquiring a voltage given value matched with the charge-discharge state of the energy storage battery;
inputting the terminal voltage and the voltage given value to the voltage control loop so that the voltage control loop controls an output value;
when the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter a protection state, the voltage control loop reduces an output value, reduces the power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates a corresponding amplitude limiting value according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop is in an amplitude limiting state.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when it is detected that the energy storage battery is about to enter a protection state, the voltage control loop reduces an output value, reduces power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates a corresponding clipping value according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop is in a clipping state, including:
the energy storage battery is in a charging state, when the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an overvoltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces an output value, reduces the input power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, updates the first amplitude limiting value according to the reduced input power, and continues to reduce the output value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state includes:
and when the output value of the voltage control loop is smaller than the first amplitude limiting value, determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state.
In yet another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the control system includes a current control loop;
the energy storage battery is in a charging state, when it is determined that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state, the output value of the voltage control loop is reduced, the input power of the energy storage system is reduced according to the output value, the amplitude limiting value is updated according to the reduced input power, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value according to the updated amplitude limiting value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value, and the method comprises the following steps:
the voltage control loop reduces an output value and inputs the output value to the current control loop when the energy storage battery is in a charging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be in an overvoltage protection state;
the current control loop reduces the input power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value and the charging current of the energy storage battery;
and the voltage control loop updates the first amplitude limiting value according to the reduced input power and continuously reduces the output value according to the updated first amplitude limiting value so as to continuously reduce the input power of the energy storage system until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining the first clipping value includes:
and when the energy storage battery is in a charging state, determining the minimum value of the maximum charging current, the charging allowable current and the set charging current of the energy storage battery as the first amplitude limiting value, wherein the set charging current is obtained according to the average value of the allowable charging power and the terminal voltage, and the allowable charging power is determined according to the input power and the output power of the energy storage system.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the updating the first clipping value according to the reduced input power includes:
updating the allowable charging power according to the reduced input power, updating the set charging current according to the updated allowable charging power, and updating the first clipping value according to the updated set charging current.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining of the allowable charging power includes:
and calculating a first difference value of the input power and the output power of the energy storage system, and determining a power value smaller than the first difference value as the allowable charging power.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, when it is detected that the energy storage battery is about to enter a protection state, the reducing, by the voltage control loop, an output value, reducing power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updating a corresponding limit value according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop is in a limit state includes:
and when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an under-voltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, reduces the output power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, updates the second amplitude limiting value according to the reduced output power, and continues to reduce the output value until the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the absolute value of the updated second amplitude limiting value.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an under-voltage protection state includes:
and when the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is smaller than the absolute value of the second amplitude limiting value, determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an undervoltage protection state.
In another possible implementation form of the first aspect, the control system includes a current control loop;
the energy storage battery is in a discharge state, and when it is determined that the energy storage battery is about to enter an under-voltage protection state, the output value of the voltage control loop is reduced, the output power of the energy storage system is reduced according to the output value, the amplitude limiting value is updated according to the reduced output power, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value according to the updated amplitude limiting value until the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the absolute value of the updated second amplitude limiting value, including:
the voltage control loop reduces an output value and inputs the output value to the current control loop when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be in an under-voltage protection state;
the current loop controller reduces the output power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value and the discharge current of the energy storage battery;
and the voltage control loop updates the second amplitude limiting value according to the reduced output power and continues to reduce the output value according to the updated second amplitude limiting value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated second amplitude limiting value.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining of the second clipping value includes:
and when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state, determining the maximum value of the maximum discharging current, the discharging allowable current and the set discharging current of the energy storage battery as the second amplitude limiting value, wherein the set discharging current is obtained according to the average value of the allowable discharging power and the terminal voltage, and the allowable discharging power is determined according to the input power and the output power of the energy storage system.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the updating the second clipping value according to the reduced output power includes:
and updating the allowable discharge power according to the reduced output power, updating the set discharge current according to the updated allowable discharge power, and updating the second amplitude limit value according to the updated set discharge current.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the obtaining of the allowable discharge power includes:
and calculating a second difference value of the output power and the input power of the energy storage system, and determining a power value smaller than the second difference value as the allowable discharge power.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, obtaining a given voltage value matched with the charge-discharge state of the energy storage battery includes:
reducing the battery overvoltage protection value of the energy storage battery by a preset threshold value to obtain a voltage given value corresponding to the charging state of the energy storage battery;
and increasing a preset threshold value for the battery under-voltage protection value of the energy storage battery to obtain a voltage given value corresponding to the discharge state of the energy storage battery.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a controller for controlling power of an energy storage system, the controller comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory has stored therein program instructions;
the processor invokes the program instructions in the memory to implement the method for power control of an energy storage system described in any of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present application also embodies an energy storage system comprising: the energy storage device comprises an energy storage battery, an energy storage converter, a direct current power supply and a controller;
the energy storage battery is connected with a first direct current port of the energy storage converter, the direct current power supply is connected with a second direct current port of the energy storage converter, and an alternating current end of the energy storage converter is connected with at least one of a load and an alternating current power grid;
the controller is configured to execute the power control method of the energy storage system according to any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages: a control system of the energy storage system is provided with a voltage control loop, and the voltage control loop has an output amplitude limiting function. And the voltage control loop controls an output value according to the obtained terminal voltage of the energy storage battery and a voltage given value matched with the charging and discharging state. When the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter the protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, reduces the power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates the amplitude limiting value corresponding to the voltage control loop according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop restores the amplitude limiting state. According to the process, before the energy storage battery enters the protection state, the corresponding power (input power or output power) of the system is triggered to be reduced by reducing the output value of the voltage control loop, so that the corresponding amplitude limiting value of the voltage control loop is updated, the corresponding power of the energy storage system is reduced automatically and circularly, until the amplitude limiting state of the voltage control loop is recovered, the energy storage battery is determined to be fully charged or fully discharged, namely, the scheme can be used for controlling the energy storage battery to be fully charged or fully discharged, and therefore the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the battery is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of an energy storage system power control system provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method of another energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a power control method of another energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Current energy storage system is the power control according to energy storage battery's state information control energy storage battery usually, but, the controller among the energy storage system obtains energy storage battery's state information through the mode of external communication usually, and this kind of mode is delayed great, leads to control the timeliness poor, and then leads to energy storage battery to appear undervoltage protection or overvoltage protection, finally leads to energy storage battery's electric quantity utilization ratio low.
In order to solve the problem that the energy storage battery is closed in advance due to self protection caused by large communication delay, in the power control method of the energy storage system, the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery is directly obtained, when the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter a protection state according to the terminal voltage and the voltage given value of a voltage control loop, the input power (or the output power) of the system is triggered to be reduced by reducing the output value of the voltage control loop, the amplitude limiting value of the voltage control loop is updated to continuously reduce the output value, so that the input power (or the output power) of the energy storage system is automatically reduced, the charging power (or the discharging power) of the energy storage battery is reduced, the energy storage battery is completely charged (or completely discharged), and the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the battery is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, an energy storage system is described, and as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage system may include an energy storage battery 1, a dc power supply 2, an energy storage converter 3, and a controller 4. The controller 4 may be integrated inside the energy storage converter 3, or may be independent from the energy storage converter 3, which is not limited herein.
The first direct current port of the energy storage converter 3 is connected with the energy storage battery 1, the second direct current port is connected with the direct current power supply 2, and the alternating current end of the energy storage converter 3 is connected with at least one of a load and an alternating current power grid.
In the energy storage scenario of photovoltaic power generation, the dc power source is a photovoltaic power generation module. In the energy storage scene of wind power generation, a direct current power supply is a wind power generation module. In the energy storage scene of the hybrid power generation of photovoltaic and wind power, the direct current power supply comprises at least one of a photovoltaic power generation module and a wind power generation module.
The controller 4 is configured to control the charging and discharging power according to the terminal voltage and the given voltage value of the energy storage battery 1, where the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery 1 is the voltage of the first dc port of the energy storage converter 3.
The voltage given value is obtained according to a protection voltage value corresponding to the charging and discharging state of the energy storage battery, the voltage given value is lower than the battery overvoltage protection value in the charging state, and the voltage given value is higher than the voltage undervoltage protection value in the discharging state.
Referring to fig. 2, a flowchart of a power control method of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown, where the method is applied to the controller shown in fig. 1, and the controller controls a voltage of an energy storage battery by using a voltage control loop, and controls an input power and an output power of the energy storage system according to an output of the voltage control loop, so as to control a charging power and a discharging power of the energy storage battery.
As shown in fig. 2, the method mainly includes the following steps:
and S110, acquiring the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery.
In one possible implementation manner, the voltage of the port of the energy storage converter connected with the energy storage battery is collected as the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery.
And S120, acquiring a voltage given value matched with the charge-discharge state of the energy storage battery.
In an application scenario of the present application, the energy storage battery is in a charging state, and the voltage given value is smaller than the battery overvoltage protection value. In an exemplary embodiment, the predetermined threshold is reduced based on the battery over-voltage protection value to ensure that measures are taken to reduce the charging power before the battery voltage exceeds the battery over-voltage protection value, thereby preventing the energy storage battery from entering the over-voltage protection state.
In another application scenario of the present application, the energy storage battery is in a discharge state, and the given voltage value is greater than the under-voltage protection value of the battery. In an exemplary embodiment, a preset threshold is added on the basis of the under-voltage protection value of the battery to ensure that measures are taken to reduce the discharge power before the voltage of the battery is lower than the under-voltage protection value of the battery, so that the energy storage battery is prevented from entering an under-voltage protection state.
S130, inputting the terminal voltage and the voltage given value into the voltage control loop, so that the voltage control loop controls the output value.
In one embodiment of the present application, the voltage control loop has an output clipping function. The voltage control loop comprises a voltage loop controller and a limiter, wherein the input of the voltage loop controller is the terminal voltage and the voltage given value of the energy storage battery, the voltage loop controller controls the output of the voltage loop controller according to the terminal voltage and the voltage given value, the output is input to the limiter for limiting control, if the output exceeds the limiting value of the limiter, the limiter outputs the limiting value, and if the output does not exceed the limiting value of the limiter, the limiter outputs the output value.
The amplitude limiter comprises a first amplitude limiting value matched with the charging state and a second amplitude limiting value matched with the discharging state, the amplitude limiting value of the amplitude limiter is related to the input power (or the output power) of the energy storage system, and if the input power or the output power changes, the corresponding amplitude limiting value can change along with the change.
And S140, when the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter the protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, reduces the power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates the corresponding amplitude limiting value according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop is in the amplitude limiting state.
In an application scenario, when the energy storage battery is in a charging state and the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter an overvoltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value to trigger the input power reduction of the energy storage system and trigger the update of the first amplitude limiting value, and the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value.
The charging state or the discharging state of the energy storage battery is determined according to the parameters of the energy storage battery, and the parameters can be obtained from a Battery Management System (BMS) of the energy storage battery through communication.
And after the energy storage battery is determined to be in the charging state, continuously judging whether the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state.
In an exemplary embodiment, whether the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state is determined according to the output of an amplitude limiter in a voltage control loop. For example, when the amplitude limiter is not in the amplitude limiting state, the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an overvoltage protection state; and when the amplitude limiter is in the amplitude limiting state, determining that the energy storage battery cannot enter an overvoltage protection state.
In another exemplary embodiment, whether the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state or not can be judged according to the terminal voltage and the given voltage value of the energy storage battery. For example, when the difference value between the terminal voltage and the given voltage value is within a preset range, it is determined that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state.
After the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter the overvoltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, the controller reduces the input power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, the first amplitude limiting value of the voltage control loop is positively correlated with the input power, and when the input power is reduced, the first amplitude limiting value is reduced. The output value of the voltage control loop is further influenced after the first amplitude limiting value is reduced, namely, the output value is continuously reduced, so that the input power is continuously reduced until the energy storage battery is fully charged.
In an exemplary embodiment, it is determined that the energy storage battery is fully charged when it is detected that the limiter resumes the clipping state (i.e., the output value of the voltage loop controller is greater than the updated first clipping value).
In another application scenario, the energy storage battery is in a discharging state, and when the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter an under-voltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value to trigger the output power reduction of the energy storage system and trigger the update of the second amplitude limiting value, and the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value until the energy storage battery is completely discharged.
In an exemplary embodiment, the energy storage battery is determined to be in an overvoltage protection state when the amplitude limiter is not in the amplitude limiting state; and when the amplitude limiter is in the amplitude limiting state, determining that the energy storage battery cannot enter an overvoltage protection state. And when the amplitude limiter is detected to recover the amplitude limiting state again, the energy storage battery is determined to be completely discharged.
In another exemplary embodiment, when the difference value between the terminal voltage and the given voltage value is within a preset range, the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an undervoltage protection state.
The control process of the discharge state of the energy storage battery is similar to the charging control process, when the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter the under-voltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, the controller can reduce the output power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, the second amplitude limiting value is reduced along with the reduced output power, and the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value, so that the output power is continuously reduced until the output value is larger than the reduced second amplitude limiting value.
It should be noted that, in the discharge state, the direction of the discharge parameter is not considered, that is, the output value of the voltage control loop in the discharge state, and the second slice value do not consider the direction sign, and only consider the magnitude of the value.
In the power control method for the energy storage system provided in this embodiment, before the energy storage battery enters the protection state, the input power (or the output power) of the system is triggered to decrease by reducing the output value of the voltage control loop, so as to update the first amplitude limit value (or the second amplitude limit value) of the voltage control loop; the voltage control loop continues to decrease the output value until the output value exceeds the corresponding clipping value. The scheme realizes automatic reduction of input power (or output power) and further reduction of charging power (or discharging power) of the energy storage battery, finally realizes complete full charge (or complete discharge) of the energy storage battery, and improves the utilization rate of the electric quantity of the battery.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a power control system of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, and as shown in fig. 3, the entire power control process includes a voltage control loop and a current control loop.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the voltage control loop includes a voltage loop controller and a limiter, wherein the voltage loop controller may be implemented by a PI controller, a PR controller, a PID controller, etc.; the limiter is used for limiting the amplitude of the output signal of the voltage loop controller.
The input of the voltage loop controller is a given voltage value Vbatt Ref and a terminal voltage Vbat, and the voltage loop controller controls the output value thereof according to the difference value of the two input values, namely Vbatt Ref-Vbat, and is marked as PIout. The voltage control loop is used for controlling the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery within a range of a given voltage value.
The output of the voltage loop controller is subjected to amplitude limiting control through an amplitude limiter, namely the output of the voltage control loop, and the output is used as one input of a current control loop, namely a current given value IBatref. The current control loop is used for controlling the current of the energy storage battery within a current set value range.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the current control loop comprises a current loop controller having inputs of a current set-point IbatRef and a battery actual current value Ibat, the current control loop controlling its output depending on the difference between the two inputs, IbatRef-Ibat. The output of the current control loop is used for controlling the power of the energy storage converter PCS, so that the control of the input power or the output power of the whole energy storage system is realized.
The parameters used in the embodiments of the present application are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Parameter nameAnd a mark | Parameter name and identification |
| Undervoltage protection value VLow of battery | Terminal voltage Vbat of battery |
| Over-voltage protection value Vover of battery | Set threshold value Vbatt err |
| Real-time voltage Vreal of battery | Presetting error threshold value Verr |
| Maximum charging power Pchargmax | Given value of battery voltage Vbatt Ref |
| Maximum discharge power Pddischargemax | Charging allowable current Ipocarg |
| Maximum charging current Ichargmax | Discharge allowable current Ipdiscarg |
| Maximum discharge current Idiscarrmax | Battery terminal voltage average value Vman |
| Setting charging current Ichar | |
| Setting the discharge current Idischorg | |
| Voltage control loop output value PIout | |
| Battery current given IBatRef |
It should be noted that the parameters in the left column of table 1 are all obtained by communicating with the energy storage battery, and the parameters in the right column are acquired or calculated in real time.
Another power control method for an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 4, and as shown in fig. 4, the method may include the following steps:
and S210, acquiring the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery.
S220, judging the charge and discharge state of the energy storage battery; if the energy storage battery is in a charging state, executing S230; if the energy storage battery is in a discharge state, S260 is performed.
The controller of the energy storage system communicates with the energy storage battery (e.g., a BMS in the energy storage battery) to obtain the charging and discharging state of the energy storage battery.
In an exemplary embodiment, the power control method of the energy storage system provided by the present application is executed after the energy storage system is confirmed to normally operate, and in an exemplary embodiment, the energy storage system is indicated to be capable of normally operating by detecting a terminal voltage Vbat of the energy storage battery and a real-time voltage Vreal of the battery obtained through communication, when a difference between the Vbat and the Vreal is smaller than a set threshold Vbaterr. The setting threshold Vbaterr can be set according to actual requirements.
And S230, acquiring a corresponding voltage set value when the energy storage battery is in a charging state.
Wherein the given voltage value is used as an input parameter of the voltage loop controller in the control schematic diagram shown in fig. 3.
In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage given value vbatrf corresponding to the charging state is obtained by increasing the battery overvoltage protection value Vover by a preset error threshold Verr, that is, the voltage given value vbatrf of the charging state is Vover + Verr. Wherein the preset error threshold value does not exceed a set threshold value, namely Verr is less than or equal to Vbatt err.
And S240, acquiring a first amplitude limiting value corresponding to the amplitude limiter at the moment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the controller of the energy storage system and the energy storage battery obtain the maximum charging current ichargemax and the maximum charging power Pchargmax of the battery through communication, and calculate the charging allowable current icharge ═ Pchargmax/Vman in real time, wherein Vman represents the average value of the terminal voltage Vbat in a period of time, for example, 20 ms.
Meanwhile, the energy storage system may further set a set charging current icharge of the energy storage battery, which is obtained by calculating a power Ppv of the dc power supply (here, the dc power supply is a photovoltaic power generation module, for example), a limit power Pg of the ac power grid, and a load power Pl, wherein icharge is calculated according to formula 1:
ichar < (Ppv-Pl-Pg)/Vman (formula 1)
In formula 1, Ppv is the input power of the energy storage system, and Pl and Pg are the output power of the energy storage system.
In the charging state of the energy storage battery, the charging current cannot exceed any one of the values of Ipocarg, Ichargmax and Icharg, so that the minimum value is selected from three parameter values of Ipocarg, Ichargmax and Icharg as the current given value Ibatref corresponding to the charging state, and normally Icharg is smaller than Ipocarg and Icharmax, so that the Ibatref corresponding to the charging state depends on Icharg.
And S250, controlling an output value by the voltage loop controller according to the terminal voltage and the voltage given value in the charging state, and inputting the output value into a current control loop after amplitude limiting is carried out on the output value by the amplitude limiter according to the first amplitude limiting value.
And the voltage loop controller controls the output value of the energy storage battery according to the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery and the voltage given value in the charging state, and the output value is subjected to amplitude limiting by the amplitude limiter and then is used as the current given value of the current control loop.
When the output value of the voltage loop controller is greater than or equal to the first amplitude limiting value of the amplitude limiter, the amplitude limiter is in an amplitude limiting state, namely, the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the first amplitude limiting value output by the amplitude limiter. When the output value of the voltage loop controller is smaller than the first amplitude limiting value, the amplitude limiter is in a non-amplitude limiting state, namely, the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the output value of the voltage loop controller.
In the initial charging phase, the difference between the terminal voltage and the given voltage value is large, and the allowed charging current is large, that is, the output of the voltage loop controller is large, and is generally larger than the first amplitude limiting value of the amplitude limiter, so that the amplitude limiter is in the amplitude limiting state in this phase.
And when the charging time of the energy storage battery is increased, the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery is close to the given voltage value, at the moment, the allowed charging current is small, namely the output value of the voltage loop controller is reduced, the reduced output value is smaller than the first amplitude limiting value, and at the moment, the amplitude limiter exits the amplitude limiting state, namely the amplitude limiter is in a non-amplitude limiting state.
And S260, controlling the input power of the energy storage converter to be reduced by the current control loop according to the reduced current set value.
As shown in fig. 3, after the current given value IbatRef corresponding to the charging state is decreased, the current control loop may detect that the actual current Ibat of the energy storage battery is greater than IbatRef, so as to control the input power of the energy storage system to decrease, that is, decrease the power Ppv of the dc power supply 2, decrease the input power of the energy storage system, that is, decrease the charging power of the energy storage battery, and finally decrease the charging current of the energy storage battery.
And S270, the voltage control loop updates the first amplitude limiting value according to the reduced input power and continues to reduce the current given value according to the updated first amplitude limiting value until the amplitude limiter recovers the amplitude limiting state.
From equation 1, it is clear that Ichar decreases with decreasing Ppv, while Icharg and Ichargmax do not change substantially, and therefore the first clipping value also decreases.
If the output value of the voltage loop controller is still smaller than the updated first amplitude limiting value, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value, that is, IbatRef further reduces, so that the current control loop continues to reduce the input power of the energy storage system, that is, the above process is repeated until the amplitude limiter reenters the amplitude limiting state.
And when the output value PIout of the voltage loop controller is detected to be larger than or equal to the current first amplitude limiting value, namely the amplitude limiter is in the amplitude limiting state, the energy storage battery is determined to be fully charged. And S280, acquiring a corresponding voltage set value when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state.
When the energy storage battery is in a discharge state, the corresponding battery given value vbathef is obtained by increasing the battery under-voltage protection value VLow by a preset error threshold Verr, that is, the vbathef in the charge state is VLow + Verr. Wherein the preset error threshold value does not exceed a set threshold value, namely Verr is less than or equal to Vbatt err.
And S290, acquiring a second amplitude limiting value corresponding to the amplitude limiter at the moment.
In an exemplary embodiment, the energy storage system obtains the maximum discharge power Pdischargmax and the maximum discharge current idischalmax of the energy storage battery, and calculates the discharge allowable current Ipdischarg ═ Pdischargmax/Vman in real time.
Meanwhile, the energy storage system can also set a set discharge current Idischarg of the energy storage battery, which is obtained by calculating the power Ppv of the direct-current power supply (here, the direct-current power supply is a photovoltaic power generation module as an example), the limit power Pg of the alternating-current power grid and the load power Pl, wherein Idischarg is calculated according to a formula 2:
idiscarg ═ Pg + Pl-Ppv)/Vman (formula 2)
If the difference between the directions of the discharge current and the charge current is not considered, and only the magnitude of the discharge current is considered, the discharge current cannot exceed the minimum value of Ipcharg, Ichargmax and Icharg in the discharge state of the energy storage battery, so the minimum value is selected from three parameter values of Ipdischarg, Idischargmax and Idischarg to be used as the second amplitude limiting value corresponding to the discharge state.
Typically Idischarg is smaller than ipdicharg, Idischargmax, and therefore the second clipping value for the discharge state depends on Idischarg.
And S2100, controlling an output value by the voltage ring controller according to the terminal voltage and the voltage given value in the discharge state, and inputting the output value into the current control ring after amplitude limiting is carried out on the output value by the amplitude limiter according to the second amplitude limiting value.
The process of this step is similar to the process of S250, and the voltage loop controller controls the output value according to the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery and the voltage given value in the discharge state, and the output value is subjected to amplitude limiting by the amplitude limiter according to the second amplitude limiting value and then is used as the current given value of the current control loop.
This step considers only the magnitude of the value without considering the direction of the second clipping value, and when the output value of the voltage loop controller is smaller than the second clipping value, the clipper is in a non-clipping state, that is, the output value of the clipper is equal to the output value of the voltage loop controller. When the output value of the voltage loop controller is larger than or equal to the second amplitude limiting value, the amplitude limiter is in an amplitude limiting state, namely the output value of the amplitude limiter is equal to the second amplitude limiting value.
And S2110, controlling the output power of the energy storage converter to be reduced after the current control loop detects that the current set value is reduced.
When the amplitude limiter in the voltage control ring is in a non-amplitude limiting state, namely the current set value received by the current control ring is lower than the second amplitude limiting value, at the moment, the current control ring can control the output of the current control ring according to the actual current and the current set value of the energy storage battery, namely the output power of the energy storage system is controlled to be reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, after the current given value IbatRef corresponding to the discharging state is reduced, the current control loop may detect that the actual current Ibat of the energy storage battery is greater than the current given value IbatRef, so as to control the output power of the energy storage system to be reduced, that is, reduce the ac power grid power Pg, reduce the output power of the energy storage system, that is, reduce the discharging power of the energy storage battery, and finally reduce the discharging current of the energy storage battery.
And S2120, the voltage control loop updates the second amplitude limiting value according to the reduced output power, and continues to reduce the current given value according to the updated second amplitude limiting value until the energy storage battery is completely discharged.
From equation 2, it can be seen that the decrease Idischarg of Pg decreases, while Ipdischarg and Idischargmax do not change substantially, and therefore the second clipping value decreases accordingly.
And if the output value of the voltage loop controller is still smaller than the reduced second amplitude limit value, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value of the voltage loop controller, namely IbatRef is further reduced, so that the current control loop continues to reduce the input power of the energy storage system, namely the process is repeated until the energy storage battery is completely discharged.
In an exemplary embodiment, when it is detected that the output value PIout of the voltage loop controller is greater than or equal to the current second clipping value, that is, the clipper reenters the clipping state, it is determined that the energy storage battery is completely discharged.
In the power control method for the energy storage system provided in this embodiment, the voltage loop controller is used to control the current set value according to the terminal voltage and the voltage set value of the battery, and then the current control loop controls the input power and the output power in the energy storage system according to the current set value, so as to reduce the charging current and the discharging current of the battery. And when the terminal voltage is close to the given voltage value, the voltage control loop automatically reduces the output value, namely the given current value, and after the given current value is reduced, the current control loop automatically reduces the input power or the output power of the energy storage system. And after the input power or the output power is reduced, the corresponding amplitude limiting value of the voltage control loop is triggered to be updated, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value, the current control loop continues to reduce the input power or the output power, and the process is repeatedly executed until the battery is fully charged or discharged. Moreover, the energy storage battery can continuously run without stopping and restarting, so that the problem of power recovery after the power is reduced to zero is solved.
Referring to fig. 5, a flowchart of a power control method of another energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown, and as shown in fig. 5, the method may include the following steps:
and S310, acquiring the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery.
And S320, acquiring a voltage given value matched with the charge-discharge state of the energy storage battery.
The voltage set value in the charging state is obtained by reducing the battery overvoltage protection value of the energy storage battery by a preset threshold value, and the voltage set value in the discharging state is obtained by increasing the battery undervoltage protection value of the energy storage battery by the preset threshold value.
And S330, after detecting that the terminal voltage is close to the voltage given value corresponding to the charging and discharging state, controlling the charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery to be reduced to a preset power value until the energy storage battery is fully charged or fully discharged.
And if the terminal voltage is greater than the voltage given value corresponding to the charging state, controlling the charging power of the energy storage battery to be reduced to a preset charging power value, for example, reducing the charging power to 50% of the original charging power until the energy storage battery is fully charged.
And if the terminal voltage is less than the voltage given value corresponding to the discharge state, controlling the discharge power of the energy storage battery to be reduced to a preset discharge power value, for example, reducing the discharge power to 50% of the original discharge power until the energy storage battery is completely discharged.
It should be noted that the control method provided in this embodiment does not need to rely on the control logic system shown in fig. 3, and in this embodiment, the controller may directly detect the magnitude relationship between the terminal voltage acquired in real time and the corresponding voltage given value, so as to directly perform PWM control on the energy storage converter, thereby reducing the preset amplitude of the charge and discharge power.
According to the power control method of the energy storage system, after the terminal voltage of the energy storage battery is detected to be close to the corresponding voltage given value, the charging and discharging power is directly controlled to reduce the preset amplitude, and therefore the charging and discharging power of the energy storage battery is limited when the actual voltage of the energy storage battery does not reach the corresponding protection voltage value, the energy storage battery is prevented from being self-protected and being closed in advance, the energy storage battery is fully charged or fully discharged, and the electric quantity utilization rate of the energy storage battery is finally improved.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a controller for controlling power of an energy storage system, the controller comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein a program executable on the processor. The processor implements any of the above power control methods for the energy storage system when running the program stored in the memory.
The present application also provides a storage medium executable by a computing device, the storage medium storing a program, the program when executed by the computing device implementing any of the above power control methods for an energy storage system.
The present application also provides a computer program product adapted to execute a program for initializing a power control method of any of the energy storage systems described above, when the computer program product is executed on a data processing device.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that technical features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other, each embodiment is mainly described as a difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The device and the modules and sub-modules in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional module or sub-module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A method of power control of an energy storage system, the energy storage system control system including a voltage control loop, the voltage control loop having an output limiting function, the method comprising:
acquiring the terminal voltage of an energy storage battery, and acquiring a voltage given value matched with the charge-discharge state of the energy storage battery;
inputting the terminal voltage and the voltage given value to the voltage control loop so that the voltage control loop controls an output value;
when the energy storage battery is detected to be about to enter a protection state, the voltage control loop reduces an output value, reduces the power corresponding to the energy storage system, and updates a corresponding amplitude limiting value according to the reduced power until the output of the voltage control loop is in an amplitude limiting state.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when it is detected that the energy storage battery is about to enter a protection state, the voltage control loop decreases the output value and decreases the corresponding power of the energy storage system, and updates the corresponding clipping value according to the decreased power until the output of the voltage control loop is in the clipping state, including:
the energy storage battery is in a charging state, when the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an overvoltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces an output value, reduces the input power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, updates the first amplitude limiting value according to the reduced input power, and continues to reduce the output value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an over-voltage protection state comprises:
and when the output value of the voltage control loop is smaller than the first amplitude limiting value, determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the control system comprises a current control loop;
the energy storage battery is in a charging state, when it is determined that the energy storage battery is about to enter an overvoltage protection state, the output value of the voltage control loop is reduced, the input power of the energy storage system is reduced according to the output value, the amplitude limiting value is updated according to the reduced input power, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value according to the updated amplitude limiting value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value, and the method comprises the following steps:
the voltage control loop reduces an output value and inputs the output value to the current control loop when the energy storage battery is in a charging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be in an overvoltage protection state;
the current control loop reduces the input power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value and the charging current of the energy storage battery;
and the voltage control loop updates the first amplitude limiting value according to the reduced input power and continuously reduces the output value according to the updated first amplitude limiting value so as to continuously reduce the input power of the energy storage system until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated first amplitude limiting value.
5. The method of any of claims 2 to 4, wherein obtaining the first clipping value comprises:
and when the energy storage battery is in a charging state, determining the minimum value of the maximum charging current, the charging allowable current and the set charging current of the energy storage battery as the first amplitude limiting value, wherein the set charging current is obtained according to the average value of the allowable charging power and the terminal voltage, and the allowable charging power is determined according to the input power and the output power of the energy storage system.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein updating the first clipping value based on the reduced input power comprises:
updating the allowable charging power according to the reduced input power, updating the set charging current according to the updated allowable charging power, and updating the first clipping value according to the updated set charging current.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the obtaining of the allowable charging power comprises:
and calculating a first difference value of the input power and the output power of the energy storage system, and determining a power value smaller than the first difference value as the allowable charging power.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein when it is detected that the energy storage battery is about to enter a protection state, the voltage control loop decreases the output value and decreases the corresponding power of the energy storage system, and updates the corresponding clipping value according to the decreased power until the output of the voltage control loop is in the clipping state, including:
and when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be about to enter an under-voltage protection state, the voltage control loop reduces the output value, reduces the output power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value, updates the second amplitude limiting value according to the reduced output power, and continues to reduce the output value until the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the absolute value of the updated second amplitude limiting value.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an under-voltage protection state comprises:
and when the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is smaller than the absolute value of the second amplitude limiting value, determining that the energy storage battery is about to enter an undervoltage protection state.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the control system comprises a current control loop;
the energy storage battery is in a discharge state, and when it is determined that the energy storage battery is about to enter an under-voltage protection state, the output value of the voltage control loop is reduced, the output power of the energy storage system is reduced according to the output value, the amplitude limiting value is updated according to the reduced output power, the voltage control loop continues to reduce the output value according to the updated amplitude limiting value until the absolute value of the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the absolute value of the updated second amplitude limiting value, including:
the voltage control loop reduces an output value and inputs the output value to the current control loop when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state and the energy storage battery is determined to be in an under-voltage protection state;
the current loop controller reduces the output power of the energy storage system according to the reduced output value and the discharge current of the energy storage battery;
and the voltage control loop updates the second amplitude limiting value according to the reduced output power and continues to reduce the output value according to the updated second amplitude limiting value until the output value of the voltage control loop is equal to the updated second amplitude limiting value.
11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the obtaining of the second clipping value comprises:
and when the energy storage battery is in a discharging state, determining the maximum value of the maximum discharging current, the discharging allowable current and the set discharging current of the energy storage battery as the second amplitude limiting value, wherein the set discharging current is obtained according to the average value of the allowable discharging power and the terminal voltage, and the allowable discharging power is determined according to the input power and the output power of the energy storage system.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein updating the second clipping value based on the reduced output power comprises:
and updating the allowable discharge power according to the reduced output power, updating the set discharge current according to the updated allowable discharge power, and updating the second amplitude limit value according to the updated set discharge current.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the allowing discharge power obtaining process comprises:
and calculating a second difference value of the output power and the input power of the energy storage system, and determining a power value smaller than the second difference value as the allowable discharge power.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the given voltage value matched with the charging and discharging states of the energy storage battery comprises:
reducing the battery overvoltage protection value of the energy storage battery by a preset threshold value to obtain a voltage given value corresponding to the charging state of the energy storage battery;
and increasing a preset threshold value for the battery under-voltage protection value of the energy storage battery to obtain a voltage given value corresponding to the discharge state of the energy storage battery.
15. A controller for controlling power of an energy storage system, the controller comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory has stored therein program instructions;
the processor invokes program instructions in the memory to implement the power control method of the energy storage system of any of claims 1-14.
16. An energy storage system, comprising: the energy storage device comprises an energy storage battery, an energy storage converter, a direct current power supply and a controller;
the energy storage battery is connected with a first direct current port of the energy storage converter, the direct current power supply is connected with a second direct current port of the energy storage converter, and an alternating current end of the energy storage converter is connected with at least one of a load and an alternating current power grid;
the controller is configured to perform the power control method of the energy storage system of any one of claims 1-14.
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