CN113206361B - Ferrite phase shifter - Google Patents
Ferrite phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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- CN113206361B CN113206361B CN202110399509.8A CN202110399509A CN113206361B CN 113206361 B CN113206361 B CN 113206361B CN 202110399509 A CN202110399509 A CN 202110399509A CN 113206361 B CN113206361 B CN 113206361B
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- ferrite
- phase shifter
- cover plate
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- transmission line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
- H01P1/19—Phase-shifters using a ferromagnetic device
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Abstract
The invention provides a ferrite phase shifter, which comprises two supporting media arranged side by side; an upper cover plate combined and fixed on the upper surfaces of the two supporting media; the lower cover plate is combined and fixed on the lower surfaces of the two supporting media; the supporting medium comprises a plurality of through holes; the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the supporting medium form a substrate integrated waveguide transmission line; two ferrite rings and a dielectric block positioned between the two ferrite rings are symmetrically arranged in the transmission line, and the two side wall surfaces of the dielectric block are respectively attached to the inner side wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings; the wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings, which are far away from the dielectric block, are respectively attached and fixed with the inner side wall surface of the supporting medium; the surface of the support medium, which is far away from the ferrite ring, comprises an adapter printed board; the excitation wire penetrates out of two ends of the ferrite ring and is combined and fixed with the switching printed board; the phase shifter also comprises two microstrip interfaces which are positioned at the two axial ends of the supporting medium; and the transition block is positioned on one side of the microstrip interface close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phase shifters. And more particularly, to a ferrite phase shifter.
Background
The phase shifter has the function of changing the phase of a microwave signal, is widely applied to the fields of phased array radars and the like at present, and can realize the quick electric scanning of wave beams. The ferrite phase shifter has the advantages of small insertion loss, large microwave tolerance power, high reliability, low cost and the like, and is widely applied to passive phased array radars. With the development of current equipment towards good dexterity, high maneuverability, multiple functions and high performance, ferrite phase shifters are also developing towards miniaturization, light weight and integration to provide a guarantee foundation for equipment system components. On one hand, the miniaturization of the ferrite phase shifter enables the distance between the antenna units to be reduced, so that a decisive influence can be generated on a radar system; on the other hand, the ferrite phase shifter is miniaturized, and is beneficial to being integrated with a receiving/transmitting component which is a key part of an active phased array radar, so that the excellent performances of the active phased array radar and the passive phased array radar are integrated, and the cost of the system is greatly reduced.
The traditional ferrite phase shifter has the forms of a rectangular waveguide, a dielectric waveguide, a microstrip line, a strip line and the like, generally speaking, the ferrite phase shifter in the forms of the rectangular waveguide and the dielectric waveguide has the advantages of small insertion loss, high microwave tolerance power, high reliability and the like, but has large volume and is difficult to integrate; the ferrite phase shifter in the form of the microstrip line or the strip line has the advantages of small volume, easy integration and the like, but has large insertion loss and low microwave tolerance power.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a ferrite phase shifter to solve the problems of large volume and large loss of the existing ferrite phase shifter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a ferrite phase shifter, comprising: two support media arranged side by side;
an upper cover plate combined and fixed on the upper surfaces of the two supporting media; and
the lower cover plate is combined and fixed on the lower surfaces of the two supporting media;
the supporting medium comprises a plurality of through holes arranged along the axial direction of the supporting medium; the inner wall of the through hole is in conductive connection with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate;
the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the supporting medium form a substrate integrated waveguide transmission line;
two ferrite rings and a dielectric block positioned between the two ferrite rings are symmetrically arranged in the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line, and two side wall surfaces of the dielectric block are respectively attached to inner side wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings; the wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings, which are far away from the dielectric block, are respectively attached and fixed with the inner side wall surface of the supporting medium;
an excitation wire for forming a magnetic field loop in the ferrite ring is arranged in an inner hole of the ferrite ring in a penetrating manner;
the surface of the support medium, which is far away from the ferrite ring, comprises an adapter printed board; the excitation wire penetrates out of two ends of the ferrite ring and is combined and fixed with the switching printed board;
the phase shifter also comprises two microstrip interfaces which are positioned at the two axial ends of the supporting medium; and
and the transition block is positioned on one side of the microstrip interface close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line.
In addition, it is preferable that the phase shifter further includes a bottom plate coupled and fixed to the lower cover plate.
In addition, it is preferable that the microstrip interface is fixed to the bottom plate in a bonded manner, the microstrip interface includes a microstrip patch and a carrier plate, the carrier plate is fixed to the bottom plate in a bonded manner, the carrier plate includes a groove formed by an upper surface of the carrier plate being recessed inward, and the microstrip patch is fixed to the groove in a bonded manner.
In addition, preferably, the transition block includes a body portion fixed to an outer wall of the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line, and a connection portion extending from the body portion in a direction away from the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line and used for connecting with the microstrip chip.
Preferably, the phase shifter further includes higher-order mode suppression blocks symmetrically disposed on both sides of the transition block, the higher-order mode suppression blocks being respectively located on both axial end surfaces of the support medium, an upper end of the higher-order mode suppression block being fixedly coupled to the upper cover plate, and a lower end of the higher-order mode suppression block being fixedly coupled to the carrier plate.
In addition, it is preferable that the support medium includes slots on both axial end surfaces thereof for receiving the excitation wire.
In addition, preferably, the height of the support medium in the vertical direction is 0-0.05 mm higher than the height of the ferrite ring in the vertical direction.
Further, it is preferable that the impedance of the microstrip patch is 50 Ω.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional waveguide ferrite phase shifter, the ferrite phase shifter provided by the invention has small size and light weight, and is easy to integrate with other microwave circuits; and has the characteristics of small insertion loss and high bearing power. In addition, the miniaturization of the phase shifter enables the phase conversion time of the microwave signal to be shorter. The ferrite ring adopted by the invention has lower power consumption compared with the ferrite sheet, and the non-embedded structure adopted by the invention has smaller process difficulty and is easy to match.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an assembly view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be considered a part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
The ferrite phase shifter aims at solving the problems that an existing ferrite phase shifter is large in size and large in loss. The invention provides a ferrite phase shifter, which is shown in a combined mode in figures 1 to 2, and specifically comprises the following components: two support media 1 arranged side by side; an upper cover plate 2 combined and fixed on the upper surfaces of the two supporting mediums 1; and a lower cover plate 3 combined and fixed on the lower surfaces of the two supporting media 1; the supporting medium 1 comprises a plurality of through holes 4 arranged along the axial direction of the supporting medium 1; the inner wall of the through hole 4 is in conductive connection with the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3; the upper cover plate 2, the lower cover plate 3 and the supporting medium 1 form a substrate integrated waveguide transmission line; two ferrite rings 5 and a dielectric block 6 positioned between the two ferrite rings 5 are symmetrically arranged in the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line, and the two side wall surfaces of the dielectric block 6 are respectively attached to the inner side wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings 5; the wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings 5 departing from the dielectric block 6 are respectively attached and fixed with the inner side wall surface of the support medium 1; an excitation wire for forming a magnetic field loop in the ferrite ring 5 penetrates through an inner hole of the ferrite ring 5; the surface of the support medium 1, which is far away from the ferrite ring 5, comprises a switching printed board 8; the excitation wire penetrates through two ends of the ferrite ring 5 and is combined and fixed with the switching printed board 8; the phase shifter also comprises two microstrip interfaces 9 which are positioned at two axial ends of the supporting medium 1; and a transition block 13 positioned on one side of the microstrip interface 9 close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line. One sides of the two microstrip interfaces 9 close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line are respectively provided with a transition block 13; the transition block 13 is conductively connected to the upper cover plate 2 on the side close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line and to the surface circuit of the microstrip interface 9 on the side remote from the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line.
Compared with the traditional waveguide ferrite phase shifter, the ferrite phase shifter provided by the invention has small size and light weight, and is easy to integrate with other active circuits; and the phase shifter has the characteristics of small insertion loss and high bearing power, and the miniaturization of the phase shifter ensures that the phase conversion time of the microwave signal is also shorter. Compared with ferrite plates, the ferrite ring has lower power consumption, and the problems of large size and large loss of the conventional ferrite phase shifter are solved. In addition, most of the existing ferrite phase shifters are formed by embedding ferrite and dielectric blocks in a supporting medium, so that the process difficulty is high, and the non-embedded structure adopted by the invention is low in process difficulty and easy to match, so that the characteristics of short phase conversion time and low process difficulty are considered.
It can be understood that the phase shifting section of the ferrite phase shifter provided by the invention is composed of two ferrite rings 5, a dielectric block 6, two supporting mediums 1, an upper cover plate 2 and a lower cover plate 3, the total length of the phase shifting section is 99mm, the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3 have the same size and are rectangular, and the size of length, width and thickness is 99mm, 39mm and 4 mm. Holes which are arranged periodically are arranged on the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3, wherein the holes on the upper cover plate 2 are periodic through holes, and the holes on the lower cover plate 3 are periodic threaded holes. In addition, two supporting mediums 1, two ferrite rings 5 and a dielectric block 6 are arranged between the upper cover plate 2 and the lower cover plate 3 and fixed through two rows of bolts 16, the bolts 16 penetrate through the through holes 4 which are periodically arranged on the supporting mediums 1 to form a substrate integrated waveguide transmission line, and the transmission direction of the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line is the same as the axial direction of the ferrite rings 5 and the axial direction of the dielectric block 6. The size of the phase shifter is smaller than that of a traditional waveguide ferrite phase shifter, and the integration with an active circuit is facilitated. The microstrip interfaces 9 are two in number and are respectively arranged at two sides of the transmission line along the transmission direction of the waveguide transmission line, the two microstrip interfaces 9 are fixed on the installation bottom plate 10 through screw connection, and microwave signals can be input into the phase shifter and output from the phase shifter through the microstrip interfaces 9 at two ends of the waveguide transmission line. The two transition blocks 13 are arranged on one sides of the two microstrip interfaces 9 close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line and are used for matching the transmission characteristics of the phase shifter and the microstrip interfaces 9.
The section of the ferrite ring 5 is of a square-wave shape, the excitation line is positioned in a square-wave shaped inner hole, when pulse current flows through the excitation line, the phase shifter further comprises switching printed boards 8 positioned at two ends of the outer side wall surfaces of the two supporting media 1, and two ends of the excitation line are respectively combined and fixed on the switching printed boards 8. Because the magnetic circuit structure is small, the time required for phase switching is short.
It should be noted that the adapting printed board 8 is bonded to the side surface of the supporting medium 1 by an adhesive, and the adapting printed board 8 has a size of 3mm × 7mm and a thickness of 0.8 mm. In addition, the excitation wire may be an enameled wire having a diameter of 0.23mm, and the excitation wire passes through the "return" holes of the two ferrite rings 5, passes through both ends of the ferrite rings 5, and is welded to the adapting printed board 8, so that the driver can apply an excitation pulse current through the excitation wire on the adapting printed board 8.
In an alternative embodiment, the phase shifter further includes a bottom plate 10 fixed to the lower cover plate 3, the bottom plate 10 is used to carry the phase shifting section of the phase shifter, specifically, the size of the bottom plate 10 is 119 mm × 39mm × 4mm, and the bottom plate 10 is fixed to the lower cover plate 3 by screws and nuts.
In an alternative embodiment, the microstrip interface 9 is fixed on the bottom plate 10 in a combined manner, the microstrip interface 9 includes a microstrip patch 11 and a carrier plate 12, the carrier plate 12 is fixed on the bottom plate 10 in a combined manner, the carrier plate 12 includes a groove formed by an upper surface thereof being recessed inwards, and the microstrip patch 11 is fixed in the groove in a combined manner. A rectangular recess in the carrier plate 12, having a depth of about 0.05mm and a length and width dimension slightly greater than the microstrip patch 11 by 0.01-0.05 mm; the micro-strip sheet 11 and the carrier plate 12 are fixed by welding or bonding with conductive adhesive.
In this embodiment, the transition block 13 includes a body portion fixed to an outer wall of the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line, and a connection portion extending from the body portion in a direction away from the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line and used for connecting with the microstrip patch 11. The upper end of the transition block 13 is fixedly combined with the upper cover plate 2 to form conductive connection, the lower end of the transition block is fixedly combined with the microstrip sheet 11 to form conductive connection, the transition block 13 is positioned on the central line of the phase shifter along the waveguide transmission direction, is fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 2 of the phase shifter in a threaded manner, and is welded or bonded with the microstrip sheet 11. Specifically, the main body of the transition block 13 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and has a length, width, and height of 3mm × 5mm × 7.5mm, and may be made of a copper material, and the surface thereof is subjected to silver plating or gold plating; the connecting part of the transition block 13 is in the shape of a needle and is connected with the microstrip sheet 11 by welding.
In an optional embodiment, the phase shifter further includes higher-order mode suppression blocks 14 symmetrically disposed on both sides of the transition block 13, the higher-order mode suppression blocks 14 are respectively located on both axial end surfaces of the supporting medium 1, an upper end of the higher-order mode suppression block 14 is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 2 to form a conductive connection, and a lower end of the higher-order mode suppression block is fixedly connected to the carrier plate 12 to form a conductive connection. The length, width and height of the two high-order mode suppression blocks 14 are 3mm multiplied by 7.5mm, the two high-order mode suppression blocks 14 are respectively positioned on the end faces of the two supporting media 1 and correspond to the periodic through holes 4, the two high-order mode suppression blocks are fixedly connected with the upper cover plate 2 of the phase shifter in a threaded mode, and the two high-order mode suppression blocks are fixedly connected with the carrier plate 12 of the microstrip interface 9 in a threaded mode or a conductive adhesive mode.
In an alternative embodiment, the dielectric block 6 is the same height as the ferrite ring 5 in the vertical direction. The dielectric block 6 is positioned between the two ferrite rings 5, has the same height as the ferrite rings 5, and is 8 mm.
In an alternative embodiment, the support medium 1 comprises slots 15 on both axial ends to receive the field wire. The supporting medium 1 is slotted 15 in order to apply the excitation wire. The size of the slot 15 is 1mm wide, 0.8mm deep, two excitation lines penetrate into the 'return' shaped inner holes of the two ferrite rings 5 respectively, and penetrate through the slots 15 at the two ends of the supporting medium 1 respectively, and are welded on the switching printed board 8.
In order to prevent the ferrite ring 5 from being damaged by an external force from above. In an alternative embodiment, the height of the support medium 1 in the vertical direction is 0-0.05 mm higher than the height of the ferrite ring 5 in the vertical direction. It should be noted that the vertical direction refers to a direction perpendicular to a plane (i.e., a horizontal plane) in which the base plate 10 is located.
In a specific implementation process, a microwave signal is input from the microstrip interface 9 at one end of the phase shifter, is transmitted to the phase shifting section controlled by the driver through the transition structure (i.e., the transition block 13 and the higher-order mode suppression block 14) in a matching manner, and is then transmitted to the microstrip interface 9 at the other end through the transition structure (i.e., the transition block 13 and the higher-order mode suppression block 14) in a matching manner and is output. Wherein, the skilled person can understand that this looks shifter is still including the driver, and the driver produces the excitation pulse current, and the excitation pulse current flows through the excitation wire on switching printed board 8 for the excitation wire can play the effect of control ferrite ring 5, causes the magnetization state of ferrite ring 5 to change, thereby changes the phase place of the microwave signal through the looks shifter, realizes the controllable function of shifting the phase.
In an alternative embodiment, the microstrip patch 11 employs a Taconic CER-10 substrate with a thickness of 2.54mm, a width of 18.6mm and a length of 10 mm.
Further, the microstrip patch 11 has an impedance of 50 Ω for interconnection with a coaxial connector or other microstrip interface.
In addition, the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height of the ferrite phase shifter is less than 120mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 40mm, and the following technical indexes are achieved: the phase shifter is characterized in that the S wave band is 10% of relative bandwidth, insertion loss is less than 0.8dB, peak power bearing is 350W, an interface is in a micro-strip form, the differential phase shift range is 360 degrees, power consumption is less than 0.8W/kHz, and conversion time is less than 10 microseconds, so that the phase shifter is miniaturized and is easy to integrate with a receiving/transmitting assembly, and the phase shifter is small in insertion loss, high in power bearing, low in power consumption and short in conversion time.
In summary, compared with the traditional waveguide ferrite phase shifter, the ferrite phase shifter provided by the invention has the advantages of small size, light weight and easiness in integration with other microwave circuits; and has the characteristics of small insertion loss and high bearing power. The miniaturization of the phase shifter enables the phase conversion time of the microwave signal to be shorter. Compared with ferrite plates, the ferrite ring adopted by the invention has lower power consumption, and the non-embedded structure is adopted by the invention, so that the process difficulty is lower, and the matching is easy to realize.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A ferrite phase shifter, comprising:
two support media arranged side by side;
an upper cover plate combined and fixed on the upper surfaces of the two supporting media; and
the lower cover plate is combined and fixed on the lower surfaces of the two supporting media;
the supporting medium comprises a plurality of through holes arranged along the axial direction of the supporting medium; the inner wall of the through hole is in conductive connection with the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate;
the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the supporting medium form a substrate integrated waveguide transmission line;
two ferrite rings and a dielectric block positioned between the two ferrite rings are symmetrically arranged in the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line, and two side wall surfaces of the dielectric block are respectively attached to inner side wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings; the wall surfaces of the two ferrite rings, which are far away from the dielectric block, are respectively attached and fixed with the inner side wall surface of the supporting medium;
an excitation wire for forming a magnetic field loop in the ferrite ring is arranged in an inner hole of the ferrite ring in a penetrating manner;
the surface of the support medium, which is far away from the ferrite ring, comprises an adapter printed board; the excitation wire penetrates out of two ends of the ferrite ring and is combined and fixed with the switching printed board;
the phase shifter also comprises two microstrip interfaces which are positioned at the two axial ends of the supporting medium; and
the transition block is positioned on one side of the microstrip interface close to the substrate integrated waveguide transmission line;
the microstrip interface comprises a microstrip piece and a carrier plate, wherein the carrier plate comprises a groove formed by inwards recessing the upper surface of the carrier plate, and the microstrip piece is fixedly combined in the groove;
the phase shifter also comprises high-order mode suppression blocks which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the transition block, the high-order mode suppression blocks are respectively positioned on two axial end faces of the supporting medium, the upper end of each high-order mode suppression block is fixedly combined with the upper cover plate, and the lower end of each high-order mode suppression block is fixedly combined with the carrier plate.
2. The ferrite phase shifter of claim 1, further comprising a bottom plate coupled and fixed to the lower cover plate.
3. The ferrite phase shifter of claim 2 wherein the microstrip interface is fixedly bonded to the backplane and the carrier board is fixedly bonded to the backplane.
4. The ferrite phase shifter of claim 1, wherein the transition block comprises a body portion coupled to an outer wall of the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line, and a connection portion extending from the body portion in a direction away from the substrate-integrated waveguide transmission line for connection to the microstrip.
5. The ferrite phase shifter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting medium includes slots on both axial end faces for receiving a field wire.
6. The ferrite phase shifter according to claim 1, wherein the height of the support medium in the vertical direction is 0-0.05 mm higher than the height of the ferrite ring in the vertical direction.
7. The ferrite phase shifter of claim 1, wherein the impedance of the microstrip patch is 50 Ω.
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