CN113202791A - Centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow and blade top backflow control method - Google Patents
Centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow and blade top backflow control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113202791A CN113202791A CN202110668343.5A CN202110668343A CN113202791A CN 113202791 A CN113202791 A CN 113202791A CN 202110668343 A CN202110668343 A CN 202110668343A CN 113202791 A CN113202791 A CN 113202791A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/008—Stop safety or alarm devices, e.g. stop-and-go control; Disposition of check-valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow and a blade top backflow control method, wherein the centrifugal compressor comprises a casing, an impeller and a blade top backflow control device, and the blade top backflow control device comprises a main body and a blade top backflow front edge detection module; the pipe wall of the air inlet pipeline is provided with a ribbed plate mechanism, the ribbed plate mechanism comprises a protective groove, a ribbed plate and a driving assembly, and the output end of the driving assembly is connected with the ribbed plate; the blade top backflow front edge detection module is arranged on the air inlet pipeline. The leaf top reflux control method comprises the following steps: and adjusting the extension of the rib plate according to the first early warning signal and the second early warning signal. Another method for controlling tip backflow comprises: and controlling the adjusting rib plate to completely extend into the air inlet pipeline according to the early warning signal. The invention relates to the technical field of impeller machinery, and provides a centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow and a blade top backflow control method, which can interfere the development of blade top backflow at the upstream of an impeller and improve the working efficiency and the stable working range of the centrifugal compressor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of impeller machinery, in particular to a centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow and a blade top backflow control method.
Background
The centrifugal compressor is a mechanical device applied to the fields of vehicle turbocharging systems, aviation turbine engines, industrial gas compression and the like. The working principle of the centrifugal compressor is that the blades rotating at high speed do work on gas, and mechanical energy is converted into kinetic energy and pressure energy of the gas. However, the stable operation condition of the centrifugal compressor is affected by the aerodynamic performance, and under the low-flow condition, the centrifugal compressor can generate surge, so that the flow parameters are changed violently, a shaft system and blades of the centrifugal compressor are forced to bear huge periodic alternating load, and the shaft system is damaged and the blades are broken seriously. It is known that, for example, when the operating point of the centrifugal compressor is continuously close to the surge line of the pressure ratio characteristic diagram, the tip backflow in the air inlet pipeline of the centrifugal compressor continuously develops upstream, and simultaneously the tip backflow increases along the radial direction of the channel, and the effect of the tip backflow on the airflow of the inlet pipeline of the centrifugal compressor affects the performance and stability of the centrifugal compressor.
Therefore, in order to ensure the normal operation of the centrifugal compressor, on one hand, the centrifugal compressor is prevented from entering a surge region when running, and on the other hand, a flow control method is adopted to widen the stable flow range of the centrifugal compressor, but the conventional centrifugal compressor is not provided with a blade top backflow control device and a corresponding control method.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow, which comprises a casing, an impeller arranged in the casing and a blade top backflow control device arranged at an inlet of the casing, wherein the blade top backflow control device comprises a main body and a blade top backflow front edge detection module, the main body is provided with a through gas inlet pipeline, and one end of the main body is connected with the casing and used for guiding gas to flow to the impeller;
the rib plate mechanism comprises a protection groove, a rib plate and a driving assembly, the rib plate and the driving assembly are arranged in the protection groove, the protection groove is formed by the pipe wall of the air inlet pipeline in a concave mode, the output end of the driving assembly is connected with the rib plate and used for pushing the rib plate immersed in the protection groove into the air inlet pipeline to interfere the development of blade top backflow in the air inlet pipeline;
the blade top backflow front edge detection module is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and used for detecting the position of a blade top backflow front edge in the air inlet pipeline.
A possible design comprises a controller, wherein the controller is respectively electrically connected with the blade top backflow front edge detection module and the driving assembly, the blade top backflow front edge detection module is set to send out an early warning signal to the controller when the blade top backflow front edge reaches a preset position, and the controller is set to control the driving assembly to act according to the early warning signal.
In one possible design, the rib plate mechanisms are arranged in a plurality of positions, the number of the rib plate mechanisms is n, n is less than or equal to 20, and the plurality of rib plate mechanisms are uniformly arranged around the circumferential direction of the air inlet pipeline.
A possible design, the main part is including the first connecting pipe, second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe that meet in proper order, floor mechanism sets up the second connecting pipe, the third connecting pipe with the machine casket meets.
One possible design, the blade tip backflow front edge detection module includes a first detection component, a second detection component, and a third detection component, detection data of the first detection component, the second detection component, and the third detection component is set to one of pressure and temperature data, the first detection component is set to measure data of a point in the first connection pipe, the third detection component is set to measure data of a point upstream of the rib plate mechanism in the second connection pipe, and the second detection component is set to measure data of a point downstream of the rib plate mechanism in the second connection pipe.
One possible design is that the first detection assembly, the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly all comprise a plurality of sensors, and the sensors are embedded on the pipe wall of the air inlet pipeline and are uniformly arranged around the circumferential direction of the air inlet pipeline.
In one possible design, the radius of the front edge tip of the blade of the impeller is r, and the axial distance between the second detection component and the rib plate mechanism is L2，0<L2/r≤2，L2≤L1(ii) a The axial distance between the third detection component and the ribbed plate mechanism is L3，0<L3/r≤2。
In one possible design, the rib plate is rectangular, the height direction of the rib plate is the same as the groove depth direction of the protection groove, the height of the rib plate is b, and 0< b/r is less than or equal to 1.
In one possible embodiment, the first connecting pipe is provided with a straight pipe or with a curved section at the end remote from the second connecting pipe.
In one possible design, the impeller is collinear with the axis of the air inlet duct, and the rib forms an angle β of 5 ° β 175 °.
In one possible design, the distance between the rib plate mechanism and the blade front edge tip of the blade of the impeller is set to be L1，L1＝k4*LRB，k4Is a proportionality coefficient, k is more than or equal to 0.74≤1.3，LRBThe axial distance between the blade top backflow front edge and the blade tip of the impeller is obtained for simulation.
The embodiment of the invention provides a blade top backflow control method, which is applied to the centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the blade top backflow and comprises the following steps:
s1, the first detection assembly, the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly acquire detection data in the air inlet pipeline at intervals of preset time;
s2, the detection data of the second detection assembly is larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, and the detection data of the third detection assembly is not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, so that a first early warning signal is formed;
s3, the controller controls the driving assembly to push the rib plate out of the protective groove by a first preset distance according to the first early warning signal;
s4, the detection data of the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly are both larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, so that a second early warning signal is formed, and the first early warning signal and the second early warning signal form the early warning signal;
s5, the controller receives the second early warning signal every time to control the driving assembly to push the ribbed plate out of the protective groove for a second preset distance until the ribbed plate is completely pushed out of the protective groove to stop the driving assembly;
and S6, when the detection data of the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly are not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, the second early warning signal is removed, and the controller controls the driving assembly to completely retract the rib plate into the protection groove.
The embodiment of the invention provides a blade top backflow control method, which is applied to the centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the blade top backflow and comprises the following steps:
s1, the first detection assembly and the second detection assembly acquire detection data in the air inlet pipeline in real time;
s2, the detection data of the second detection assembly is larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, and an early warning signal is formed;
s3, the controller controls the driving assembly to push the rib plate out of the protective groove completely according to the early warning signal;
and S4, when the detection data of the second detection assembly is not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, removing the early warning signal, and controlling the driving assembly to completely retract the rib plate into the protection groove by the controller.
The blade top backflow control device provided by the embodiment of the invention can interfere the development of blade top backflow at the upstream of the impeller, and improves the working efficiency and the stable working range of the centrifugal compressor.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the example serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a pressure ratio characteristic diagram of a centrifugal compressor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic axial distance view of the tip return leading edge corresponding to the three operating points of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the centrifugal compressor of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an electrical schematic diagram of the centrifugal compressor of FIG. 3;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a development process of the simulated leaf top backflow.
Reference numerals: the device comprises an impeller 1, a casing 2, an air inlet pipeline 3, a rib plate 4, a protective groove 5, a first connecting pipe 6, a second connecting pipe 7, a third connecting pipe 8, a first detection assembly 9, a driving assembly 10, a controller 11, a second detection assembly 12 and a third detection assembly 13.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 shows a pressure ratio characteristic diagram of a centrifugal compressor, in which a surge line distinguishes a stable operating region (located on the right side of the surge line) and an unstable operating region (located on the left side of the surge line) of the centrifugal compressor. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of tip backflow corresponding to three operating points on an equal rotation speed line 2 in fig. 1, and it can be seen that the tip backflow continuously develops upstream, and meanwhile, the tip backflow increases along the radial direction of the air inlet pipeline, and the tip backflow leading edge is closer to the upstream, and the effect of the tip backflow on the air flow of the inlet pipeline of the centrifugal compressor affects the performance and stability of the centrifugal compressor. When the working point of the centrifugal compressor is located in an unstable working area, surge occurs, and the safety of the centrifugal compressor is threatened. In order to avoid that the working point of the centrifugal compressor is positioned in an unstable working area, a flow control method is needed to widen the stable flow range, reduce the flow of the surge point of each equal rotating speed line on the pressure ratio characteristic diagram of the centrifugal compressor, and move the surge line of the pressure ratio characteristic diagram of the centrifugal compressor to the left, which has an important effect on the safe and stable operation of the centrifugal compressor.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, a centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, includes a casing 2 and an impeller 1 disposed in the casing 2, and a tip backflow control device disposed at an inlet of the casing 2. The blade top backflow control device comprises a main body and a blade top backflow front edge detection module, wherein the main body is provided with a through air inlet pipeline 3, and one end of the main body is connected with a casing 2 so as to guide air to flow to an impeller 1. The tube wall of the air inlet pipeline 3 is provided with a ribbed plate mechanism, the ribbed plate mechanism comprises a protective groove 5, a ribbed plate 4 and a driving assembly 10, the ribbed plate 4 and the driving assembly 10 are arranged in the protective groove 5, the protective groove 5 is formed by sinking the tube wall of the air inlet pipeline 3, and the output end of the driving assembly 10 is connected with the ribbed plate 4 so as to push the ribbed plate 4 which is submerged into the protective groove 5 into the air inlet pipeline 3 to interfere the development of blade top backflow in the air inlet pipeline 3. The blade top backflow front edge detection module is arranged on the air inlet pipeline 3 and can detect the position of a blade top backflow front edge in the air inlet pipeline 3. Therefore, the centrifugal compressor is provided with the blade top backflow control device, the development of blade top backflow at the upstream of the impeller can be disturbed, and the working efficiency and the stable working range of the centrifugal compressor are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the casing 2 has a cavity in which the impeller 1 is mounted, the impeller 1 being rotatable about an axis of rotation within the cavity, the casing 2 having an inlet and an outlet. In the operation of the centrifugal compressor, as shown in fig. 2, main flow and blade tip backflow (which may be referred to as "backflow" for short) exist in the air inlet pipe 3, the air inlet pipe 3 may guide the air flow into the casing 2, the air flow flows from one end of the air inlet pipe 3 away from the impeller 1 to the impeller 1, the upstream in the air inlet pipe 3 refers to a position close to the air source in the axial direction of the air inlet pipe 3, i.e., a position away from the impeller 1, and similarly, the downstream in the air inlet pipe 3 refers to a position away from the air source in the axial direction of the air inlet pipe 3, and the upstream and the downstream in the following text are both as described above.
As shown in fig. 3, the main body includes a first connecting pipe 6, a second connecting pipe 7, and a third connecting pipe 8 connected in sequence, wherein the first connecting pipe 6, the second connecting pipe 7, and the third connecting pipe 8 are straight pipes, and have the same inner diameter, the axis of the formed gas channel 3 is collinear with the axis of the impeller 1, the third connecting pipe 8 is connected to the casing 2, and the rib plate mechanism is disposed on the second connecting pipe 7. But not limited thereto, the main body may also be of a two-section or one-end structure, for example, the second connecting pipe 7 is directly connected with the casing 2 without the third connecting pipe 8. In addition, the first connecting pipe 6 is not limited to a straight pipe, and a bent section is arranged at one end of the first connecting pipe 6 far away from the second connecting pipe 7 to form a bent pipeline.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the rib mechanism is provided in plural, and plural rib mechanisms are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the air intake duct 3, but not limited thereto, for example, only one rib mechanism is provided. The plurality of rib plate mechanisms form a plurality of protection grooves 5 and a plurality of rib plates 4 which are circumferentially arranged, the number of the protection grooves 5 is the same as that of the rib plates 4, n can be n, n is not more than 20, the notch of each protection groove 5 is arranged on one side of the air inlet pipeline 3, the protection grooves 5 do not occupy the space in the air inlet pipeline 3, the protection grooves 5 and the air inlet pipeline 3 penetrate through each other to form a protection groove 5 array, and n is 8 in the example. The protection groove 5 and the second connection pipe 7 may be integrally formed or may be formed by welding a plurality of plate-like materials thereto. The rib plate mechanisms are the same in size, the rib plates 4 are all rectangular with the same size, the protective grooves 5 are matched with the outer shapes of the rib plates, as shown in the figure, the length of each rib plate is a, the height of each rib plate is b, the width of each rib plate is c, the length of each protective groove 5 is e, the height of each protective groove 5 (in the groove depth direction of each protective groove 5) is f, the width of each protective groove 5 is g, and the width of each protective groove 5 is 0<a/r≤2，0<b/r≤1，0<c/r is less than or equal to 0.5, r is the radius of the front edge tip of the blade of the impeller 1, and e is k1*a，f＝k2*b，g＝k3*c，k1、k2And k3Are all scaling factors. In particular, 1<k1≤2，1<k2≤2，1<k3 ≦ 2, in this example, r ≦ 20mm, 5mm, 2mm, 6mm, 8mm, 3mm, and the protective groove 5 allows the rib plate 4 to be completely inserted therein, which also provides a space for installation of the driving unit 10. In addition, the angle between the rib 4 and the axis of the air intake duct 3 is β, 5 ° ≦ β ≦ 175 °, in this example β ≦ 90 °, i.e., the rib 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the air intake duct 3.
The axial position of the rib structure can be determined by simulating the analysis of the development process of the blade tip backflow. The axial position of the ribbed plate mechanism specifically refers to the axial distance L between the intersecting line of the protective groove 5 and the air inlet pipeline 3 and the front edge of the blade tip of the impeller 11. The flow field of the centrifugal compressor is analyzed by simulation, and the development process of blade tip backflow shown in figure 4 is obtained. FIG. 6(a) shows the flow coefficient φ on the abscissat0Wherein:
ρt0total pressure of 6 air flows in the inlet pipeline, U2For the rotating circumferential speed of the outlet blade tip of the centrifugal impeller,
is the mass flow of the gas stream entering the duct 6.
The ordinate of fig. 6(a) is the impeller inlet blockage factor B due to tip backflow, where:
B＝ARB/Ageometry
ARBis the area occupied by the centrifugal impeller inlet tip backflow, AgeometryIs the centrifugal impeller inlet geometric area.
FIG. 6(b) is a graph showing the axial distance L between the backflow front edge of the tip and the tip of the centrifugal impeller blade on the ordinateRBRadius D of impeller outlet blade tip2Ratio L ofRB/D2. As shown in fig. 6(a), the plugging coefficient increases as the flow coefficient decreases, and the progression of the tip backflow is divided into two stages according to the speed of the change of the plugging coefficient with the flow coefficient, and in fig. 6(a), a critical point X is located on the curve of the change of the plugging coefficient (B) with the flow coefficient. FIG. 6(b) In, LRB/D2The blocking coefficient becomes larger as the blocking coefficient becomes larger, and when the blocking coefficient is larger than the blocking coefficient of the critical point X, L is largerRB/D2The blade tip backflow rapidly increases along the increase of the blockage coefficient, the blade tip backflow develops upstream along the air inlet pipeline 3 and interferes the airflow, and in order to control the development of the blade tip backflow, the ribbed plates 4 are arranged near the front edge of the blade tip backflow corresponding to the critical point, L1＝k4*LRB，k4Is a proportionality coefficient, k is more than or equal to 0.74Less than or equal to 1.3. In this example, this D2Is 80mm, as shown by L corresponding to the critical point X in FIG. 6RB/D2Is 0.18, let k4 be 1, L in this example1Calculated to 14.4 mm.
The driving assembly 10 may be an electric driving structure such as an electric telescopic rod, and the output end of the driving assembly is connected to the rib plate 4, so as to drive the rib plate 4 to gradually separate from the protection groove 5 and extend into the air inlet duct 3, and to pull the protruding rib plate 4 into the protection groove 5 again.
The blade tip backflow front edge detection module comprises a first detection assembly 9, a second detection assembly 12 and a third detection assembly 13, wherein the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 can detect the temperature or the pressure in the air inlet pipeline 3, the example takes the detection of the temperature as an example, the first detection assembly 9 adopts a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged around the circumference of the first connecting pipe 6, and can measure the temperature data of the corresponding position of the first detection assembly 9 in the first connecting pipe 6, as shown in fig. 3, the first detection assembly 9 is embedded on the pipe wall of the air inlet pipeline 3 and does not extend into the air inlet pipeline 3, non-immersion measurement is avoided, and no additional flow resistance is introduced. The second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 both comprise a plurality of temperature sensors embedded on the wall of the second connection pipe 7 and not protruding into the intake duct 3, also avoiding non-immersion measurements. The second detection assembly 12 is located downstream of the rib plate mechanism, and the plurality of temperature sensors of the second detection assembly 12 are uniformly arranged around the circumferential direction of the second connecting pipe 7, so that temperature data of the axial position corresponding to the second detection assembly 12 in the air inlet pipeline 3 can be measured. The third detection assembly 13 is located upstream of the rib plate mechanism, and the plurality of temperatures of the third detection assembly 13The temperature sensors are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the second connecting pipe 7, and can measure the temperature data of the axial position corresponding to the third detection assembly 13 in the air inlet pipeline 3. It should be noted that the data detected by the first detecting element 9 and the second detecting element 12 are both temperature data, and the types of the data are the same, and the detected data of the first detecting element 9 is used as reference data as a comparison object. The blade tip backflow front edge detection module is not limited to measuring temperature, and the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 may measure pressure, and pressure sensors are required to be adopted by the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13. In addition, the first detection component 9 is located on the first connecting pipe 6 and is a point where the blade tip backflow cannot reach under all working conditions, and the axial distance between the second detection component 12 and the rib plate mechanism (the distance from the second detection component 12 to the intersecting line of the protection groove 5 and the air inlet pipeline 3) is L2，0<L2/r≤2，L2≤L1(ii) a The axial distance between the third detection component 13 and the rib plate mechanism (the distance from the third detection component 13 to the intersecting line of the protective groove 5 and the air inlet pipeline 3) is L3，0<L3The/r is less than or equal to 2; in this example, L2＝L3＝7mm。
As shown in fig. 5, the centrifugal compressor further includes a controller 11, the controller 11 is electrically connected to the tip backflow leading edge detection module and the driving assembly 10, respectively, the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 can transmit the detected data to the controller 11, and the controller 11 can control the driving assembly 11 to operate. Since the temperature and pressure of the tip return flow are higher than the inlet outlet temperature and pressure of the centrifugal compressor, the temperature sensor measurements downstream of the tip return leading edge of the second and third detection assemblies 12 and 13 will be greater than the reference data, while the temperature sensor measurements upstream of the tip return leading edge will be lower than the reference data. Therefore, if the measured values of the second detection component 12 and the third detection component 13 are both higher than the value of the reference data, it can be determined that the leading edge of the blade tip backflow has reached the third detection component 13, and if the measured value of the second detection component 12 is higher than the value of the reference data and the measured value of the third detection component 13 has no significant change compared with the value of the reference data, it can be determined that the leading edge of the blade tip backflow has reached the position of the second detection component 12 but has not reached the position of the third detection component 13. Thus, two early warning signals, namely a first early warning signal and a second early warning signal, can be formed; the measured value of the second detection component 12 is higher than the value of the reference data, and the measured value of the third detection component 13 is not greater than the value of the reference data, so as to form a first early warning signal; the measured values of the second detection component 12 and the third detection component 13 are higher than the value of the reference data, and form a second early warning signal. The controller takes the first early warning signal and the second early warning signal as a control basis.
The centrifugal compressor also forms two control mechanisms, namely two control methods, wherein one control method comprises the following steps that firstly, the centrifugal compressor operates, and the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 acquire detection data in the air inlet pipeline in real time. When the detection data of the second detection component 12 is larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, and the detection data of the third detection component 13 is not larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, a first early warning signal is formed. At this time, the controller 11 controls the driving assembly 10 to push the rib plate 4 out of the protection slot 5 completely according to the first warning signal, and the rib plate 4 is completely positioned in the air inlet pipeline 3. If the detection data of the second detection component 12 is not larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, the early warning signal is removed, and the controller 11 can control the driving component 10 to completely take the ribbed plate 4 into the protection groove 5, so that the whole control process is completed. In addition, under this control mechanism, the first warning signal may only include the detection data of the second detection element 12 being larger than the detection data of the first detection element 9, and the detection data of the third detection element 13 is not considered.
Another control process includes, firstly, operating the centrifugal compressor, and acquiring the detection data in the air inlet pipeline by the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 at preset time intervals. When the detection data of the second detection component 12 is larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, and the detection data of the third detection component 13 is not larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, a first early warning signal is formed. At this time, the controller 11 controls according to the first warning signalThe driving assembly 10 pushes the rib plate 4 out of the protective slot 5 by a first predetermined distance (b)1) Wherein b is1＝K1*b，K1For the scaling factor, it may be a number between 0 and 1, b in this example10.5 b. Along with the expansion of the blade tip backflow, the detection data of the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 are larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly 9, and a second early warning signal is formed. At this time, the controller 11 controls the driving assembly 10 to push the rib plate 4 out of the protection slot 5 by a second preset distance every time the controller receives a second warning signal, until the rib plate 4 is completely pushed out of the protection slot 5, and stops the driving assembly 10 from operating, wherein the second preset distance is a fixed distance, and is b2，b2＝K2*b，K2For the scaling factor, it may be a number between 0 and 1, b in this example2When the second warning signal is received once, the rib plate 4 is completely pushed out of the protective groove 5, and the rib plate 4 is completely located in the air inlet duct 3. But not limited to, the controller 11 pushes the rib 4 out the same distance after receiving the second warning signal every time, for example, the distance b for pushing the rib 4 out after the first second warning signal is2The distance b of the rib plate 4 is pushed out after the second early warning signal3Corresponding to b3＝K3*b，K3Is a proportionality coefficient and can be a value between 0 and 1, so that the distance b between the n-1 th second warning signal and the rib plate 4 is obtainednCorresponding to bn＝Kn*b，KnIs a proportionality coefficient and may be a number between 0 and 1, b1、b2、b3、b4……bnMay be different from each other in that,
until the detection data of the second detection component 12 and the third detection component 13 are not larger than the detection data of the first detection component 9, the second early warning signal is released, the controller 11 controls the driving component 10 to completely retract the ribbed plate 4 into the protective slot 5 at one time or gradually retract the ribbed plate 4 into the protective slot 5, and the whole control process is completed. In addition, the control mechanism is not limited to the first detection assembly 9, the second detection assembly 12 and the third detection assembly 13 obtaining the detection in the air inlet pipeline at preset time intervalsAnd data or detection data in the air inlet pipeline can be acquired in real time, for example, after the controller 11 receives the second early warning signal, the driving assembly 10 is controlled to push the rib plate 4 out of the protective groove 5 once, or push the rib plate 4 out for a second preset distance for multiple times at equal intervals until the second early warning signal is removed, and the blade top backflow can be controlled.
By combining the embodiment, the blade top backflow control device provided by the embodiment of the invention can interfere with the development of blade top backflow at the upstream of the impeller, and improves the working efficiency and the stable working range of the centrifugal compressor.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "one side", "the other side", "one end", "the other end", "side", "opposite", "four corners", "periphery", "mouth" structure ", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the structures referred to have specific orientations, are configured and operated in specific orientations, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected," "directly connected," "indirectly connected," "fixedly connected," "mounted," and "assembled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixedly connected" may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade top backflow comprises a casing and an impeller arranged in the casing, and is characterized by further comprising a blade top backflow control device arranged at an inlet of the casing, wherein the blade top backflow control device comprises a main body and a blade top backflow front edge detection module, the main body is provided with a through gas inlet pipeline, and one end of the main body is connected with the casing and used for guiding gas to flow to the impeller;
the rib plate mechanism comprises a protection groove, a rib plate and a driving assembly, the rib plate and the driving assembly are arranged in the protection groove, the protection groove is formed by the pipe wall of the air inlet pipeline in a concave mode, the output end of the driving assembly is connected with the rib plate and used for pushing the rib plate immersed in the protection groove into the air inlet pipeline to interfere the development of blade top backflow in the air inlet pipeline;
the blade top backflow front edge detection module is arranged on the air inlet pipeline and used for detecting the position of a blade top backflow front edge in the air inlet pipeline.
2. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the blade top backflow according to claim 1, comprising a controller, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the blade top backflow front edge detection module and the driving assembly respectively, the blade top backflow front edge detection module is configured to send an early warning signal to the controller when the blade top backflow front edge reaches a preset position, and the controller is configured to control the driving assembly to act according to the early warning signal.
3. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 2, wherein the number of the rib plate mechanisms is n, n is less than or equal to 20, and the plurality of rib plate mechanisms are uniformly arranged around the circumferential direction of the air inlet pipeline.
4. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 3, wherein the main body comprises a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe and a third connecting pipe which are connected in sequence, the rib plate mechanism is arranged on the second connecting pipe, and the third connecting pipe is connected with the casing.
5. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 4, wherein the blade tip backflow front edge detection module comprises a first detection assembly, a second detection assembly and a third detection assembly, detection data of the first detection assembly, the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly is set to be one of pressure and temperature data, the first detection assembly is set to measure data of a point in the first connecting pipe, the third detection assembly is set to measure data of a point upstream of the rib plate mechanism in the second connecting pipe, and the second detection assembly is set to measure data of a point downstream of the rib plate mechanism in the second connecting pipe.
6. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 5, wherein the first detection assembly, the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly each comprise a plurality of sensors embedded in a wall of the air inlet duct and evenly arranged circumferentially around the air inlet duct.
7. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 5, wherein the blade leading edge tip radius of the impeller is r, and the axial distance between the second detection assembly and the rib plate mechanism is L2，0<L2/r≤2，L2≤L1(ii) a The axial distance between the third detection component and the ribbed plate mechanism is L3，0<L3/r≤2。
8. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the blade tip backflow according to claim 7, wherein the height direction of the rib is set to be the same as the groove depth direction of the protection groove, the height of the rib is b, and 0< b/r is less than or equal to 1.
9. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to claim 5, wherein the first connecting pipe is provided with a straight pipe or a bent section at an end far away from the second connecting pipe.
10. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the blade tip backflow according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the impeller is collinear with the axis of the air inlet duct, and the rib forms an angle β of 5 ° β or more and 175 ° or less with the axis of the air inlet duct.
11. The centrifugal compressor capable of controlling blade tip backflow according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the distance between the rib mechanism and the blade leading edge tip of the blade of the impeller is set to be L1，L1＝k4*LRB，k4Is a proportionality coefficient, k is more than or equal to 0.74≤1.3，LRBThe axial distance between the blade top backflow front edge and the blade tip of the impeller is obtained for simulation.
12. The tip backflow control method applied to the centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the tip backflow according to claim 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, the first detection assembly, the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly acquire detection data in the air inlet pipeline at intervals of preset time;
s2, the detection data of the second detection assembly is larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, and the detection data of the third detection assembly is not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, so that a first early warning signal is formed;
s3, the controller controls the driving assembly to push the rib plate out of the protective groove by a first preset distance according to the first early warning signal;
s4, the detection data of the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly are both larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, so that a second early warning signal is formed, and the first early warning signal and the second early warning signal form the early warning signal;
s5, the controller receives the second early warning signal every time to control the driving assembly to push the ribbed plate out of the protective groove for a second preset distance until the ribbed plate is completely pushed out of the protective groove to stop the driving assembly;
and S6, when the detection data of the second detection assembly and the third detection assembly are not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, the second early warning signal is removed, and the controller controls the driving assembly to completely retract the rib plate into the protection groove.
13. The tip backflow control method applied to the centrifugal compressor capable of controlling the tip backflow according to claim 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, the first detection assembly and the second detection assembly acquire detection data in the air inlet pipeline in real time;
s2, the detection data of the second detection assembly is larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, and an early warning signal is formed;
s3, the controller controls the driving assembly to push the rib plate out of the protective groove completely according to the early warning signal;
and S4, when the detection data of the second detection assembly is not larger than the detection data of the first detection assembly, removing the early warning signal, and controlling the driving assembly to completely retract the rib plate into the protection groove by the controller.
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