CN113176887B - Wireless firmware upgrading method for unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal - Google Patents
Wireless firmware upgrading method for unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal, which comprises the following steps: reconstructing an uplink and downlink of a data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle; selecting a configuration data file to be updated, and calculating a 128-bit MD5 hash value of the configuration data file; transmitting the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to the onboard data terminal; caching the received configuration data file and 128-bit Hash value in an off-chip cache, wherein the Hash value is recorded as Hash_value A; calculating a 128-bit MD5 Hash value of the received configuration data file to obtain a hash_value B; comparing the two hash values; step seven, the Flash erasing and writing operation is executed to finish the upgrading, and the wireless firmware upgrading method of the unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal is different from the prior art, does not need to add an extra hardware circuit, avoids the processes of disassembling and installing the onboard data terminal, saves the first step and the third step of operation of wired firmware upgrading, greatly reduces the time of firmware upgrading, is very convenient to operate, improves the production efficiency, and greatly saves the labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of firmware upgrading, in particular to a wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal.
Background
The unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal is responsible for wireless communication and data transmission between ground nodes and air nodes in the unmanned aerial vehicle system. The unmanned aerial vehicle data link equipment comprises ground data terminal and airborne data terminal, and ground data terminal communicates and data interaction through wireless connection with airborne data terminal.
An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array ) device is generally selected as a core processing chip of the unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal. The FPGA is a volatile programmable device, and a program in the FPGA is lost after power failure, so that a nonvolatile memory device such as a Flash memory needs to be configured outside the FPGA for use together. When the data link terminal is powered on, firmware stored in the Flash memory loads the FPGA, and the FPGA can normally operate according to the programming after the loading is completed.
In practical application, the FPGA configuration program, i.e. firmware, stored in the Flash memory is often required to be updated and upgraded to achieve the purpose of expanding the functions of the unmanned aerial vehicle system or optimizing the performance index of the unmanned aerial vehicle system. The ground data terminal and other devices in the system generally communicate through a wired Ethernet interface, and firmware upgrading of the ground data terminal can be carried out through the Ethernet interface, so that the ground data terminal is very convenient. The unmanned aerial vehicle data link airborne platform has waterproof rain-proof requirement, and airborne data terminal installs inside the unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage, need do sealed processing, and airborne data terminal installs external no wired interface when using on unmanned aerial vehicle system.
The traditional firmware upgrading method of the unmanned aerial vehicle data link onboard data terminal is as follows: firstly, the airborne data terminal is detached from the unmanned aerial vehicle platform and taken out; then installing the onboard data terminal in a firmware upgrading tool, and upgrading the firmware through a special program upgrading interface or a wired interface such as an Ethernet interface; and finally, installing the upgraded airborne data terminal back to the unmanned plane platform. Dismantle airborne data terminal and need destroy unmanned aerial vehicle platform's seal structure, need do sealing treatment again when reinstallation is gone back to guarantee unmanned aerial vehicle platform's waterproof and rainproof effect. The process of disassembly and assembly is time-consuming and labor-consuming, requiring a significant amount of time and effort. Meanwhile, the airborne data terminal can be damaged by multiple disassembly and installation, or other devices in the airborne data terminal or the unmanned aerial vehicle system can influence the reliability of the whole system.
A typical configuration data file size is about 16 MBytes, if no change is made to the wireless uplink and downlink of the data link itself, then the time required to perform the wireless firmware upgrade is at least 16 x 1024 x 8kbit/30kbps approximately 4369s, well over 1 hour, a skilled operator needs 15 to 20 minutes to detach and install the onboard data terminal, respectively, and the program upgrade itself needs 10 to 15 minutes, so that the time required to upgrade the firmware of an unmanned data link onboard data terminal using existing methods is at least 40 minutes. The method for upgrading the firmware of hundreds of data link terminals obviously takes time and labor, lacks economy, consumes very much manpower, has higher cost and low efficiency, and therefore, the wireless firmware upgrading method for the unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminals is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal comprises the following steps: step one, reconstructing an uplink and a downlink of a data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the uplink also has higher data transmission capacity; selecting a configuration data file of a data chain terminal to be updated, and calculating a 128-bit MD5 hash value of the file; transmitting the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to an airborne data terminal through a reconstructed uplink; step four, the airborne data terminal caches the received configuration data file and 128-bit Hash value in an off-chip cache, and the received Hash value is recorded as Hash_value A; step five, the airborne data terminal calculates a 128-bit MD5 Hash value of the received configuration data file to obtain a hash_value B; step six, comparing the two hash values; and step seven, performing Flash erasing and writing operation, finishing wireless firmware upgrading without adding additional hardware circuits, eliminating the process of disassembling and installing the onboard data terminal, saving the first step and the third step of operation of wired firmware upgrading, greatly reducing the time of firmware upgrading, being very convenient to operate, improving the production efficiency and greatly saving the labor cost.
Preferably, in step one, an instruction of reconstructing an uplink and a downlink of the data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sent through a firmware upgrading program on the PC, so that a wireless link between the airborne data terminal and the ground data terminal is reconstructed, and a part of resources of the original downlink are released to the uplink for use, so that the uplink also has higher data transmission capability, the wireless link of the data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle is divided into an uplink and a downlink, the uplink carries data transmission from the ground data terminal to the airborne data terminal, and the downlink carries data transmission from the airborne data terminal to the ground data terminal. Wireless data transmission typically has asymmetry, as does data link applications, where the difference between the uplink and downlink code rates is large, and the amount of data transmitted in the downlink is far greater than in the uplink. The uplink and downlink code rates of the unmanned plane data link system referred to herein are about 30kbps and 8 Mbps, respectively.
Preferably, in the second step, the hash value (hash value) of the configuration data file is calculated by using the MD5 Algorithm (Message-Digest Algorithm, MD5 information Digest Algorithm), which is a widely used cryptographic hash function, and a 128-bit hash value is generated to ensure that the information transmission is completely consistent.
Preferably, in step three, the firmware upgrade program on the PC transmits the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to the ground data terminal, which then forwards the data to the on-board data terminal via the reconstructed uplink.
Preferably, in step six, two 128-bit hash values are compared, and if they are equal, a firmware update is performed, i.e. a seventh step is performed, otherwise a retransmission of the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value is requested from the ground data terminal via the downlink, i.e. a return to the third step is performed.
Preferably, in step seven, after the Flash device is erased, the configuration data file to be updated is written into the storage space appointed by the Flash, so that the wireless firmware is upgraded, and the Flash configures the FPGA by using the updated data file when the Flash is started after power failure next time, so that the expansion of the data chain function or the optimization of the performance index is realized.
Preferably, in step one, when reconstructing the wireless uplink and downlink of the data link, the physical layer needs to release the downlink resource part to the uplink, the uplink data transmission capability of the reconstructed data link is improved by two orders of magnitude, and assuming that half of the original downlink data transmission capability is released to the uplink, the reconstructed uplink code rate is better than 4Mbps, and the time for transmitting the configuration data file via the uplink is about: the time of transmitting the configuration data file through the wireless link is negligible compared with the time of erasing and writing into the Flash memory, so that the time of carrying out firmware upgrading on the airborne data terminal by adopting a new wireless firmware upgrading method can be reduced to about 10 minutes, and an additional disassembly and installation step is not needed, so that the operation is very convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
Preferably, in the second step, the MD5 information summary algorithm is applied to ensure the integrity of the configuration data file, so as to prevent the firmware upgrade failure caused by the error code of the wireless transmission configuration data file, if the MD5 hash values calculated by the two transmission parties are completely consistent, the data integrity of the configuration data file can be ensured, otherwise, the receiver will request to retransmit the data until the integrity of the data is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention does not need to add an extra hardware circuit, avoids the process of disassembling and installing the onboard data terminal, saves the first step and the third step of operation of wired firmware upgrading, greatly reduces the time of firmware upgrading, is very convenient to operate, improves the production efficiency and greatly saves the labor cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless firmware upgrade of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional wired firmware upgrade architecture;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a wireless firmware upgrade process according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal comprises the following steps: step one, reconstructing an uplink and a downlink of a data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the uplink also has higher data transmission capacity; selecting a configuration data file of a data chain terminal to be updated, and calculating a 128-bit MD5 hash value of the file; transmitting the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to an airborne data terminal through a reconstructed uplink; step four, the airborne data terminal caches the received configuration data file and 128-bit Hash value in an off-chip cache, and the received Hash value is recorded as Hash_value A; step five, the airborne data terminal calculates a 128-bit MD5 Hash value of the received configuration data file to obtain a hash_value B; step six, comparing the two hash values; and step seven, performing Flash erasing and writing operation, finishing wireless firmware upgrading without adding additional hardware circuits, eliminating the process of disassembling and installing the onboard data terminal, saving the first step and the third step of operation of wired firmware upgrading, greatly reducing the time of firmware upgrading, being very convenient to operate, improving the production efficiency and greatly saving the labor cost.
In the first step, an instruction of reconstructing an uplink and a downlink of the data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sent through a firmware upgrading program on the PC, so that a wireless link between the airborne data terminal and the ground data terminal is reconstructed, and a part of resources of the original downlink are released to the uplink for use, so that the uplink also has higher data transmission capacity, the wireless link of the data link of the unmanned aerial vehicle is divided into the uplink and the downlink, the uplink carries data transmission from the ground data terminal to the airborne data terminal, and the downlink carries data transmission from the airborne data terminal to the ground data terminal. Wireless data transmission typically has asymmetry, as does data link applications, where the difference between the uplink and downlink code rates is large, and the amount of data transmitted in the downlink is far greater than in the uplink. The uplink and downlink code rates of the unmanned plane data link system referred to herein are about 30kbps and 8 Mbps, respectively.
In step two, the hash value (hash value) of the configuration data file is calculated by using the MD5 Algorithm (Message-Digest Algorithm, MD5 information Digest Algorithm), which is a widely used cryptographic hash function, and a 128-bit hash value is generated to ensure that the information transmission is completely consistent.
In step three, the firmware upgrade program on the PC transmits the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to the ground data terminal, and the ground data terminal then forwards the data to the airborne data terminal through the reconstructed uplink.
In step six, the two 128-bit hash values are compared, and if they are equal, a firmware update is performed, i.e. a seventh step is performed, otherwise, retransmission of the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value is requested from the ground data terminal via the downlink, i.e. a return to the third step is performed.
In the seventh step, after the Flash device is erased, the configuration data file to be updated is written into the storage space appointed by the Flash, the wireless firmware is upgraded, the Flash configures the FPGA by using the updated data file when the Flash is started after power failure next time, and the expansion of the data chain function or the optimization of the performance index are realized.
In the first step, when the data link is reconfigured in the wireless uplink and downlink, the resource part of the downlink needs to be released to the uplink in the physical layer, the uplink data transmission capability of the data link after reconfiguration is improved by two orders of magnitude, and assuming that half of the original downlink data transmission capability is released to the uplink, the uplink code rate after reconfiguration is better than 4Mbps, and the time for transmitting the configuration data file through the uplink is about: the time of transmitting the configuration data file through the wireless link is negligible compared with the time of erasing and writing into the Flash memory, so that the time of carrying out firmware upgrading on the airborne data terminal by adopting a new wireless firmware upgrading method can be reduced to about 10 minutes, and an additional disassembly and installation step is not needed, so that the operation is very convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
In the second step, the MD5 information summary algorithm is applied to ensure the integrity of the configuration data file, to prevent the firmware upgrade failure caused by the error code of the wireless transmission configuration data file, if the MD5 hash values calculated by the two transmission parties are completely consistent, the data integrity of the configuration data file can be ensured, otherwise, the receiver will request to retransmit the data until the integrity of the data is ensured.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A wireless firmware upgrading method of an unmanned aerial vehicle data link terminal comprises the following steps:
step one, an instruction of reconstructing an uplink and downlink of a data chain of the unmanned aerial vehicle is sent through a firmware upgrading program on a PC, the uplink and downlink wireless link between an airborne data terminal and a ground data terminal of the data chain of the unmanned aerial vehicle is reconstructed, and a part of resources of the original downlink are released to the uplink at a physical layer for use;
selecting a configuration data file of a data chain terminal to be updated, and calculating a 128-bit MD5 hash value of the file;
transmitting the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to an airborne data terminal through a reconstructed uplink;
step four, the airborne data terminal caches the received configuration data file and 128-bit Hash value in an off-chip cache, and the received Hash value is recorded as Hash_value A;
step five, the airborne data terminal calculates a 128-bit MD5 Hash value of the received configuration data file to obtain a hash_value B;
step six, comparing the two 128-bit hash values, if the two hash values are equal, executing a firmware update, namely executing a seventh step, otherwise, requesting retransmission of the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to the ground data terminal through a downlink, namely returning to the third step;
and step seven, executing Flash erasing and writing operation to finish the wireless firmware upgrading.
2. The method for upgrading wireless firmware of a data link terminal of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in step two, the hash value (hash value) of the configuration data file is calculated by using the MD5 Algorithm (Message-Digest Algorithm, MD5 information Digest Algorithm), which is a widely used cryptographic hash function, and a 128-bit hash value is generated to ensure that the information transmission is completely consistent.
3. The method for upgrading wireless firmware of a data link terminal of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in step three, the firmware upgrade program on the PC transmits the configuration data file and the 128-bit hash value to the ground data terminal, and the ground data terminal then forwards the data to the airborne data terminal through the reconstructed uplink.
4. The method for upgrading wireless firmware of a data link terminal of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in the seventh step, after the Flash device is erased, the configuration data file to be updated is written into the storage space appointed by the Flash, the wireless firmware is upgraded, the Flash configures the FPGA by using the updated data file when the Flash is started after power failure next time, and the expansion of the data chain function or the optimization of the performance index are realized.
5. The method for upgrading wireless firmware of a data link terminal of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the MD5 information summary algorithm is applied to ensure the integrity of the configuration data file, to prevent the firmware upgrade failure caused by the error code of the wireless transmission configuration data file, if the MD5 hash values calculated by the two transmission parties are completely consistent, the data integrity of the configuration data file can be ensured, otherwise, the receiver will request to retransmit the data until the integrity of the data is ensured.
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