CN113174815B - 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system and compaction method for pavement construction - Google Patents

3D intelligent digital paving compaction system and compaction method for pavement construction Download PDF

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CN113174815B
CN113174815B CN202110474385.5A CN202110474385A CN113174815B CN 113174815 B CN113174815 B CN 113174815B CN 202110474385 A CN202110474385 A CN 202110474385A CN 113174815 B CN113174815 B CN 113174815B
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CN113174815A (en
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赵欢乐
宁文龙
王智慧
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CCCC SHB Sixth Engineering Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/12Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for distributing granular or liquid materials
    • E01C19/18Devices for distributing road-metals mixed with binders, e.g. cement, bitumen, without consolidating or ironing effect
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/48Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for laying-down the materials and consolidating them, or finishing the surface, e.g. slip forms therefor, forming kerbs or gutters in a continuous operation in situ
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01CCONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C23/00Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
    • E01C23/01Devices or auxiliary means for setting-out or checking the configuration of new surfacing, e.g. templates, screed or reference line supports; Applications of apparatus for measuring, indicating, or recording the surface configuration of existing surfacing, e.g. profilographs

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Abstract

The invention provides a 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system and a 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting method for road surface construction, which belong to the technical field of road surface construction.

Description

3D intelligent digital paving compaction system and compaction method for pavement construction
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pavement construction, relates to a bituminous pavement paving technology, and particularly relates to a 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system and a compaction method for pavement construction.
Background
The pavement paving refers to a construction operation process of paving a concrete layer, an asphalt layer or other materials above an upper base layer of a highway when the highway is built or maintained. Common pavement paving methods in the prior art include a slipper method and a balance beam method; the skid shoe method is characterized in that skid shoes are hung on a traction rod, a distance sensor is arranged on the skid shoes, the skid shoes slide along the road surface under the traction of the traction rod, the vertical distance between the skid shoes and the road surface is measured through the distance sensor, and then whether the paving thickness of the road surface is uniform or not is judged; the balance beam method is that a reference surface is determined on a road, a balance beam is built above a roadbed, a sensor is arranged on the balance beam, the reference surface is controlled by the sensor so as to achieve the purpose of automatic leveling, and then whether pavement paving is smooth or not is judged. Both of these existing methods are very well implementable, but they suffer from the following problems:
1. the sliding shoe method mainly controls the paving thickness, and the balance beam method mainly controls the smoothness, but the control precision of the sliding shoe method on the paving thickness and the smoothness is poor.
2. Both methods belong to mechanical measurement methods, and have the disadvantages of more construction personnel required on site and large construction labor amount.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the control precision of the slipper method and the balance beam method on the paving thickness and the smoothness is poor, the invention provides a 3D intelligent digital paving compacting system and a compacting method for pavement construction, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
A3D intelligent digital paving compacting system for road construction comprises a paving thickness making system, a GPS reference station, a GPS mobile station, a laser reference station and an automatic paving control system,
the paving thickness formulating system is used for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness according to the paving compaction economic analysis and the paving thickness standard and transmitting the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system;
the GPS reference station sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station (3) in real time;
the laser reference station collects the elevation information of a paved and compacted road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to the GPS mobile station;
the GPS mobile station receives the differential signal sent by the GPS base station and the elevation information sent by the laser base station, carries out calculation processing on the differential signal and the elevation information to form calculated data, and sends the calculated data to the automatic paving control system;
and the automatic paving control system receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to a comparison result.
It is further defined that the 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road construction further comprises a radio transmitter, and the GPS reference station transmits a differential signal to the GPS rover station in real time via the radio transmitter.
Further defining, the GPS reference station is a millimeter-scale GPS reference station, and the GPS rover station is a millimeter-scale GPS rover station.
Further defined, the automated paving control system includes a receiver, a controller, and a paving machine,
the receiver receives actual single-layer paving thickness and resolved data sent by the GPS mobile station, generates actual three-dimensional coordinate data according to the resolved data, and sends the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness to the controller;
the controller receives actual three-dimensional coordinate data and actual single-layer paving thickness, compares the actual three-dimensional coordinate data with the actual single-layer paving thickness to generate elevation correction information, converts the elevation correction information into a proportional driving signal, and controls the paver to carry out paving construction operation through the proportional driving signal.
The 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting method for the road surface construction based on the 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system for the road surface construction comprises the following steps:
1) the paving thickness formulating system determines the actual single-layer paving thickness according to the paving compaction economic analysis and the paving thickness standard, and transmits the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system;
2) the GPS reference station sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station in real time;
3) the method comprises the following steps that a laser reference station collects elevation information of a paving road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to a GPS mobile station;
4) the GPS mobile station receives the differential signals and the elevation information, carries out calculation processing on the differential signals and the elevation information to form settled data, and sends the settled data to the automatic paving control system;
5) and the automatic paving control system receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to a comparison result.
Further, the actual single-layer paving thickness determination process in the step 1) is as follows:
according to an economic optimization formula of paving compaction:
Figure BDA0003046515880000021
determining optimal x1A value;
wherein a is the economic coefficient of single paving, and the value range is 0.2-0.6; b is the economic coefficient of the compaction times, and the value range is 0.1-0.5; c is a paving layer compaction economy correction coefficient, and the value range is 1.0-1.2; h is the total design paving thickness in m; x is the number of1Compacting the economic thickness for single paving, wherein the unit is m; y is the comprehensive economic value of paving and compacting;
according to a standard formula of the paving thickness:
Figure BDA0003046515880000031
determining x2A value;
wherein t is the measured single paving thickness after paving, and the unit is mm; lambda [ alpha ]tDesigning a single standard compaction coefficient; lambda [ alpha ]xThe thickness of the single paving is x2The corresponding single standard compaction coefficient; x is the number of2The standard thickness is laid for one time, and the unit is mm;
if x1≥x2If x is equal to x2(ii) a If x1<x2If x is equal to x1
Wherein x is the actual single-layer paving thickness.
Further limiting, the step 5) is specifically:
the receiver receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the resolved data sent by the GPS mobile station, generates actual three-dimensional coordinate data according to the resolved data, and sends the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness to the controller;
the controller receives actual three-dimensional coordinate data and actual single-layer paving thickness, compares the actual three-dimensional coordinate data with the actual single-layer paving thickness to generate elevation correction information, converts the elevation correction information into a proportional driving signal, and controls the paver to carry out paving construction operation through the proportional driving signal.
Further defined, the GPS reference station in step 2) sends the differential signal to the GPS rover station in real time through the radio transmitter.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for pavement construction, which comprises a paving thickness formulating system, a GPS (global positioning system) reference station, a GPS mobile station, a laser reference station and an automatic paving control system, wherein the paving thickness formulating system is used for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness according to paving compaction economic analysis and a paving thickness standard and transmitting the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system, the GPS reference station and the laser reference station respectively send differential signals and elevation information to the GPS mobile station, the GPS mobile station carries out resolving processing on the differential signals and the elevation information to form resolved data, the resolved data is sent to the automatic paving control system, and a paver is controlled by the automatic paving control system to carry out pavement construction operation. The 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system can systematically fix the error to be less than 2 mm, reduce the error of the leveling control point to be less than 1 mm, realize the precise control of the paving and compacting of the road surface, accurately control the paving thickness and the smoothness and ensure the paving and compacting quality of the road surface.
2. The 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system for pavement construction is controlled by automatic equipment in the whole process, does not need manual control of constructors, and reduces the labor intensity of the constructors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a GPS measurement system;
the system comprises a 1-GPS reference station, a 2-radio transmitter, a 3-GPS mobile station, a 4-laser reference station and a 5-automatic paving control system.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments explained below.
The invention relates to a 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction, which comprises a paving thickness making system, a GPS (global position system) reference station 1, a radio transmitter 2, a GPS mobile station 3, a laser reference station 4 and an automatic paving control system 5, wherein the GPS reference station 1 is a millimeter-scale GPS reference station, the GPS mobile station is a millimeter-scale GPS mobile station, and the laser reference station 4 is a PZL-1 laser elevation reference station; the paving thickness formulating system is used for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness according to the paving compaction economic analysis and the paving thickness standard and transmitting the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system 5; the GPS reference station 1 sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station 3 in real time through the radio transmitter 2; the laser reference station 4 collects the elevation information of the paved and compacted road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to the GPS mobile station 3; the GPS mobile station 3 receives the differential signal sent by the GPS base station 1 and the elevation information sent by the laser base station 4, carries out calculation processing on the differential signal and the elevation information to form calculated data, and sends the calculated data to the automatic paving control system 5; the automatic paving control system 5 receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to the comparison result.
The automatic paving control system 5 comprises a receiver, a controller and a paver, wherein the receiver receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data sent by the GPS mobile station 3, generates actual three-dimensional coordinate data according to the calculated data, and sends the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness to the controller; the controller receives the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness, compares the actual three-dimensional coordinate data with the actual single-layer paving thickness to generate elevation correction information, converts the elevation correction information into a proportional driving signal, and controls the paver to carry out paving construction operation through the proportional driving signal.
The method for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness comprises the following steps:
according to an economic optimization formula of paving compaction:
Figure BDA0003046515880000041
determining optimal x1A value;
wherein a is the economic coefficient of single paving, and the value range is 0.2-0.6; b is the economic coefficient of the compaction times, and the value range is 0.1-0.5; c is a paving layer compaction economy correction coefficient, and the value range is 1.0-1.2; a. b and c are determined according to soil texture, the harder the soil texture is, the larger the value of a is, the harder the soil texture is to be compacted, the larger the value of b is, the more the number of paving layers is, and the larger the value of c is; h is the total design paving thickness in m; x is the number of1Compacting the economic thickness for single paving, wherein the unit is m; y is the comprehensive economic value of paving and compacting;
according to a standard formula of the paving thickness:
Figure BDA0003046515880000051
determining x2A value;
wherein t is the measured single paving thickness after paving, and the unit is mm; lambda [ alpha ]tThe single standard compaction coefficient corresponding to the single paving thickness t is obtained; lambda [ alpha ]xDesigning a single standard compaction coefficient; x is the number of2The standard thickness is laid for one time, and the unit is mm;
for example: if the soil is cohesive soil, a is 0.5, b is 0.2, c is 1.1 and total designed spreading thickness h is 1, drawing economic optimization curve of spreading and compaction, and determining x according to the economic optimization curve of spreading and compaction10.33m 330 m; the same cohesive soil, the single paving thickness t of the last section of the road section which is paved and compacted is measured to be 200 mm in actual construction, and the corresponding single standard compaction coefficient lambda is searched according to the asphalt pavement project construction process specification standardt0.97, design single pass standard compaction factor λx0.95, corresponding standard thickness x for single paving2When the thickness is 208.5 mm, x is1>x2Determining the actual single-layer paving thickness x ═ x2=208.5㎜。
The paving thickness making system, the GPS base station 1, the radio transmitter 2, the GPS mobile station 3, the laser base station 4, the receiver and the controller are commercially available equipment on the market, the paving thickness making system is HC-1-N5, the GPS base station 1 is a millimeter-grade GPS base station of Topukang company, the model of the radio transmitter 2 is Plc-501-N4, the GPS mobile station 3 is a millimeter-grade GPS mobile station of Topukang company, the model of the laser base station 4 is PZL-1, the model of the receiver is MC-R3, and the model of the controller is GX-60.
The paving and compacting process of the road surface is carried out by multiple sections, the traditional paving and compacting process is that a test section is arranged on the paved road before construction, the test section is paved and compacted to reach the standard, then the whole process is paved and compacted according to the standard of the test section, when the construction operation is carried out, on a very long road surface, the height difference of road surface foundations among a plurality of construction sections is avoided during the actual construction, if the construction is carried out according to the standard of the same test section, the paved and compacted road surface is higher if the road surface foundation is higher, the paved and compacted road surface is lower if the ground foundation is lower, the problem of poor flatness of the road surface exists, meanwhile, the controllability of the whole paving and compacting process is poor, the paving and compacting height can not be accurately controlled, if the paving and compacting times are thicker, the corresponding cost is high, and the economical efficiency can not be met, if the pavement is slightly thinner and thinner, the compaction frequency is slightly less, and the requirement of the pavement quality cannot be met. The 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system for the road surface construction and the 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting method for the road surface construction, disclosed by the invention, have the advantages that the actual single-layer paving thickness is comprehensively determined according to economic analysis and a paving thickness standard, so that the paving and compacting thickness of each section can meet the economic requirement and the quality requirement, and the single-layer paving standard thickness is calculated according to the single paving thickness of the previous section, so that the paved road surface has better smoothness.
The 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting method for the road surface construction based on the 3D intelligent digital paving and compacting system for the road surface construction comprises the following steps:
1) the paving thickness formulating system determines the actual single-layer paving thickness according to the paving compaction economic analysis and the paving thickness standard, and transmits the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system 5; the method for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness comprises the following steps:
according to an economic optimization formula of paving compaction:
Figure BDA0003046515880000061
determining optimal x1A value;
wherein a is the economic coefficient of single paving, and the value range is 0.2-0.6; b is the economic coefficient of the compaction times, and the value range is 0.1-0.5; c is a paving layer compaction economy correction coefficient, and the value range is 1.0-1.2; a. b and c are determined according to soil texture, the harder the soil texture is, the larger the value a is, the harder the soil texture is compacted, the larger the value b is, the more the number of paving layers is, and the larger the value c is; h is the total design paving thickness in m; x is the number of1Compacting the economic thickness for single paving, wherein the unit is m; y is the comprehensive economic value of paving and compacting;
according to a standard formula of the paving thickness:
Figure BDA0003046515880000062
determining x2A value;
wherein t is the measured single paving thickness after paving, and the unit is mm; lambda [ alpha ]tThe single standard compaction coefficient corresponding to the single paving thickness t is obtained; lambda [ alpha ]xDesigning a single standard compaction coefficient; x is the number of2The standard thickness is laid for one time, and the unit is mm;
for example: if the soil quality is powdery soil, a is 0.2, b is 0.1, c is 1.2, and the total design paving thickness h is 1.5, drawing a paving compaction economic optimization curve, and determining x according to the paving compaction economic optimization curve10.19m is 190 mm; the same silty soil is measured in actual construction, the single paving thickness t of the last section of road section compacted by paving is 220 mm, and the thickness t is searched and obtained according to the technical specification standard of asphalt pavement project constructionCorresponding single pass normalized compaction factor λt0.96, design the single standard compaction factor lambdax0.92, corresponding standard thickness x for single paving2239.5 mm, then x1<x2Determining the actual single-layer paving thickness x ═ x1=190㎜。
2) The GPS reference station 1 sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station 3 in real time through the radio transmitter 2;
3) the laser reference station 4 acquires elevation information of a paving road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to the GPS mobile station 3;
4) the GPS mobile station 3 receives the differential signals and the elevation information, carries out calculation processing on the differential signals and the elevation information to form settled data, and sends the settled data to the automatic paving control system 5;
5) the automatic paving control system 5 receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to the comparison result.
The automatic paving control system 5 comprises a receiver, a controller and a paver, and the step 5) specifically comprises the following steps: the receiver receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the resolved data sent by the GPS mobile station 3, generates actual three-dimensional coordinate data according to the resolved data, and sends the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness to the controller; the controller receives actual three-dimensional coordinate data and actual single-layer paving thickness, compares the actual three-dimensional coordinate data with the actual single-layer paving thickness to generate elevation correction information, converts the elevation correction information into a proportional driving signal, and controls the paver to carry out paving construction operation through the proportional driving signal; the elevation correction information is a deviation signal, and the opening degree of a proportional valve of a hydraulic oil cylinder of a traction arm of the on-site paver is adjusted through the deviation signal, so that the hydraulic oil cylinder enables the screed to be adjusted in a corresponding direction and angle, the gradient and elevation change of a paved road surface is caused, the fluctuation of the road surface is compensated, and the road surface flatness and the thickness required by design are realized.
The 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction is compared with the existing skid shoe method and balance beam method under the same construction conditions, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
table 1: error comparison of the invention with a slipper method and a balance beam method
Figure BDA0003046515880000071
Table 2: the invention is compared with a sliding shoe method and the construction flatness and smoothness of a balance beam
Figure BDA0003046515880000072
As can be seen from the analysis of the tables 1 and 2, compared with the existing skid shoe method and balance beam method, the 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for pavement construction has the advantages of high construction precision, small error, smaller system fixing error than 2 mm, smaller leveling control point error than 1 mm and small stability error of a paver system; the elevation of the spreading process can be accurately controlled, and the flatness precision can be less than 2 mm by combining the leveling principle of the spreading machine.

Claims (5)

1. A3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction is characterized by comprising a paving thickness making system, a GPS reference station (1), a GPS mobile station (3), a laser reference station (4) and an automatic paving control system (5),
the paving thickness formulating system is used for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness according to paving compaction economic analysis and a paving thickness standard and transmitting the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system (5);
the GPS reference station (1) sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station (3) in real time;
the laser reference station (4) collects the elevation information of the paved and compacted road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to the GPS mobile station (3);
the GPS mobile station (3) receives the differential signals sent by the GPS reference station (1) and the elevation information sent by the laser reference station (4), carries out calculation processing on the differential signals and the elevation information to form calculated data, and sends the calculated data to the automatic paving control system (5);
the automatic paving control system (5) receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to the comparison result;
the method for determining the actual single-layer paving thickness comprises the following steps:
according to an economic optimization formula of paving compaction:
Figure FDA0003654116540000011
determining optimal x1A value;
wherein a is the economic coefficient of single paving, and the value range is 0.2-0.6; b is the economic coefficient of the compaction times, and the value range is 0.1-0.5; c is the economic correction coefficient of the compaction of the paving layer number, and the value range is 1.0-1.2; a. b and c are determined according to soil texture, the harder the soil texture is, the larger the value of a is, the harder the soil texture is to be compacted, the larger the value of b is, the more the number of paving layers is, and the larger the value of c is; h is the total design paving thickness in m; x is a radical of a fluorine atom1Compacting the economic thickness for single paving, wherein the unit is m; y is the comprehensive economic value of paving and compacting;
according to a standard formula of the paving thickness:
Figure FDA0003654116540000012
determining x2A value;
wherein t is the measured single paving thickness after paving, and the unit is mm; lambda [ alpha ]tThe single standard compaction coefficient corresponding to the single paving thickness t is obtained; lambda [ alpha ]xDesigning a single standard compaction coefficient; x is the number of2The standard thickness is laid for one time, and the unit is mm;
if x1≥x2If x is equal to x2(ii) a If x1<x2If x is equal to x1
Wherein x is the actual single-layer paving thickness.
2. The 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction further comprises a radio transmitter (2), the GPS reference station (1) transmitting a differential signal to the GPS rover station (3) in real time via the radio transmitter (2).
3. 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction according to claim 2, characterized in that the GPS reference station (1) is a millimeter GPS reference station and the GPS rover station (3) is a millimeter GPS rover station.
4. 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction according to claim 3, characterized in that the automatic paving control system (5) comprises a receiver, a controller and a paver,
the receiver receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the resolved data sent by the GPS mobile station (3), generates actual three-dimensional coordinate data according to the resolved data, and sends the actual three-dimensional coordinate data and the actual single-layer paving thickness to the controller;
the controller receives actual three-dimensional coordinate data and actual single-layer paving thickness, compares the actual three-dimensional coordinate data with the actual single-layer paving thickness to generate elevation correction information, converts the elevation correction information into a proportional driving signal, and controls the paver to carry out paving construction operation through the proportional driving signal.
5. The compaction method of the 3D intelligent digital paving compaction system for road surface construction according to claim 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the paving thickness formulating system determines the actual single-layer paving thickness according to the paving compaction economic analysis and the paving thickness standard, and transmits the actual single-layer paving thickness to the automatic paving control system (5);
2) the GPS reference station (1) sends a differential signal to the GPS rover station (3) in real time;
3) the laser reference station (4) collects the elevation information of the paving road section at the position in real time and sends the elevation information to the GPS mobile station (3);
4) the GPS mobile station (3) receives the differential signals and the elevation information, carries out calculation processing on the differential signals and the elevation information to form settled data, and sends the settled data to the automatic paving control system (5);
5) and the automatic paving control system (5) receives the actual single-layer paving thickness and the calculated data, compares the actual single-layer paving thickness with the calculated data, and performs construction operation according to a comparison result.
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