CN113151827A - Wear-resistant coating with multistage island-shaped structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant coating with multistage island-shaped structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C23C4/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant coating with a multistage island structure and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the steps of spraying powder on the surface of a pretreated substrate, remelting and spraying the coating by utilizing laser cladding, and then sequentially increasing the content of powder capable of generating a ceramic phase in the pre-coated powder to carry out laser cladding until the hardness, toughness or ductility of the coating reaches the design requirement, thereby forming a composite cladding layer with the multistage island structure, wherein the content of the ceramic strengthening phase is increased in a gradient manner from a TiAl substrate to the surface of the coating. The ceramic phase of the invention is increased in a gradient manner from inside to outside, so that the high hardness and the wear resistance of the cladding layer are ensured, the toughness reduction caused by sudden change of components, tissues and properties is avoided, and the high-wear-resistance high-toughness coating can be obtained and is suitable for parts bearing bending, stretching and impact loads during working.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-stage reinforced wear-resistant coating material structure and a preparation technology thereof, belonging to the field of metal material surface treatment. Specifically, a method for efficiently obtaining an intermetallic compound/ceramic composite material coating with a multistage island structure by utilizing laser cladding is disclosed, so that the wear resistance of the surface is greatly improved, and the service life is prolonged.
Background
Key parts such as a high-speed rail brake disc, a metallurgical roller, a glass embossing roller and the like work in a complex and severe abrasion environment, and the service life is greatly shortened because the abrasion resistance of the surface of a workpiece is not satisfactory, so that potential safety hazards are brought, and the key parts become wearing parts with the largest consumption. The currently common methods for improving surface properties mainly include: laser and plasma cladding, overlaying, bimetal composite casting or imbedding, spraying and the like can be used for preparing different coatings on different metal material base materials, so that the wear resistance is improved.
Chinese patent publication No. CN110066995A discloses a laser cladding alloy powder and a laser cladding method for H13 die steel, which is to prepare H13+ nickel-coated WC alloy powder for laser cladding; and then the matrix is preheated to complete the laser cladding of H13 die steel. The cladding layer forms a crystal boundary reinforced network structure and has the characteristics of low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance and the like. The dilution rate problem is reduced, the thermal stress is reduced, the metallurgical bonding with a base body is increased, and the problem that large-area multi-channel lap joints are prone to cracking is solved.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106884109B discloses a nickel-based multi-component laser cladding powder mainly comprising Fe, Al and TiB2Ni powder, etc. And a method of laser cladding the powder: mixing the nickel-based multi-component laser cladding powder and absolute ethyl alcohol, uniformly paving the mixture on the surface of a cladding base material, rolling and drying the mixture to form a prefabricated layer, and obtaining a cladding layer through laser cladding. The cladding layer has no crack, higher hardness and lower cost, improves the degree of fusion, ensures the strength and the plasticity, and is suitable for repairing and processing various parts.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109750290A discloses a TiAl-based wear-resistant laser cladding coating powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating powder mainly comprises TiAl intermediate alloy powder, Si powder and HfO2Powder La2O3Powder, B powder, CeO2And (3) pulverizing. The coating which has high hardness and high wear resistance and is metallurgically combined with the matrix is prepared on the titanium alloy matrix through laser cladding.
By adopting the different coating designs and preparation methods, the wear resistance of the workpiece can be improved, and the service life of the workpiece can be prolonged. However, so far, for key parts such as high-speed heavy-duty high-speed railway brake discs, metallurgical rolls, glass embossing rolls and the like, certain toughness is obtained while the wear resistance is improved, brittle fatigue cracks and the like are avoided, particularly, TiAl and other intermetallic compound materials with good heat resistance are used as substrates, the TiAl and other intermetallic compound materials are prepared through a multi-stage structure design, the surface wear resistance and the toughness are synergistically improved, and domestic and foreign reports are not yet seen.
Chinese patent publication No. CN1056200364A discloses a method for producing a ceramic coating, which adopts a nano material technology and a laser cladding technology after plasma spraying on a metal surface to give full play to the properties of the ceramic coating, but does not form a gradient effective component and a property gradient structure between the coating and a substrate, thereby being limited when used for surface strengthening of some power components.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wear-resistant coating with a TiAl-based multistage island-shaped structure and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problem of brittleness caused by insufficient toughness of the existing wear-resistant coating. The preparation method of the invention can effectively improve the surface hardness and the wear resistance and reduce the brittleness.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a TiAl-based island-structured wear-resistant coating is characterized in that powder is sprayed on the surface of a pretreated substrate, a laser cladding remelting spraying layer is utilized, and then the content of powder capable of generating a ceramic phase in the pre-coated powder is sequentially increased to carry out laser cladding until the hardness, toughness or ductility of the coating meets the design requirements, so that a composite cladding layer with a multistage island-structured structure is formed, wherein the content of the ceramic strengthening phase is increased in a gradient manner from the TiAl substrate to the surface of the coating.
The spraying powder and the laser melting powder mainly comprise metal powder such as Ti, Al, Cr, Zr, Co, W, Mo, Nb and the like, and TiC and graphite powder, wherein the particle size of the metal powder, the particle size of the graphite powder and the like is 45-75 mu m, and the particle size of the TiC powder is 10-20 mu m. Wherein, Ti and Al are basic powder, the rest is alloy element powder which forms strengthening phase and plays a strengthening role, and Ti, Al and TiC are necessary powder.
Further, the spraying powder and the laser melting powder are Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the proportion ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio).
The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating of the TiAl-based multi-level island-shaped reinforced structure comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: powder preparation
Preparing powder according to the requirements, wherein the spraying powder and the laser melting powder are respectively selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the mixture ratio ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio), wherein Ti, Al and TiC in the powder are selected powder;
the second step is that: pretreatment of workpiece surfaces
The pretreatment comprises the working procedures of acid soaking, water washing, alkaline water soaking, warm water cleaning, drying and sand blasting coarsening treatment;
the third step: powder spray coating
Alloy powder is pre-sprayed on the surface of a pretreated workpiece by using plasma to obtain an alloy layer with the thickness of 1-3 mm, and the plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the current is 150A, the spraying distance is 50-100mm, and the powder feeding rate is 30-50 g/min; the average hardness of the alloy layer is 330-440 HV0.3；
The fourth step: laser remelting
Carrying out laser cladding (without powder) on the workpiece which is sprayed with the alloy powder in advance, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 1000W-2000W, and the cladding speed is 8-10 mm/s. Obtaining TiAl matrix, TiAl and Mo3Al8、Ti2AlC、(Ti,Nb)2AlC、TiC、(Ti,Nb)C、Cr7C3Or Cr2Ceramic phases such as AlC and the like are distributed on the TiAl matrix in an island shape according to the ceramic phase formed by the in-situ reaction;
the fifth step: laser cladding
Adjusting the proportion and the type of powder as required to carry out first laser cladding, wherein the powder is selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite powder, and the proportion ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio); compared with the spraying powder in the first step, the quality of the powder for generating the ceramic phase is improved, the laser cladding rate is correspondingly reduced by 20-25%, and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 1000W-2000W, and the cladding speed is 6-8 mm/s.
When the hardness or thickness of the coating layer does not meet the design requirement, the proportion and the type of the laser cladding powder are adjusted again to carry out the second laser cladding, the powder is still selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite powder, and the proportion ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio); compared with the first laser cladding powder, the quality of the powder for generating the ceramic phase is improved, and the laser cladding process parameters are the same as those of the first laser cladding;
repeating the steps until the coating thickness or hardness reaches the preset requirement, and obtaining the ceramic phase with island shape uniformly distributed on the TiAl baseThe size and the number of the island-shaped ceramic phases are gradually increased and increased from the matrix to the surface layer along the thickness direction, so that the wear resistance, the toughness and the impact resistance of the coating material are improved. The total thickness of the coating can reach 2.5-5 mm. The friction coefficient of the coating is 0.35-0.5, the hardness of the coating is 600-1000HV0.1The wear resistance is improved by 2-5 times compared with that of TC4 plate, and the coating has wear resistance and antifriction performance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. because the invention adopts the laser cladding method, firstly the alloy layer is plasma sprayed on the surface of the pretreated workpiece, and then laser remelting and laser cladding are carried out, and the coating formed by laser cladding mainly comprises the following phases: TiAl, Ti2AlC、(Ti,Nb)2Intermetallic compounds such as AlC, TiC, (Ti, Nb) C and ceramics. Ti2AlC、(Ti,Nb)2AlC, TiC, (Ti, Nb) C and the like are distributed on the TiAl substrate in an island shape, so that the effects of bearing load and reducing abrasion loss are achieved in the abrasion process, stress concentration caused by a regular strengthening phase is avoided due to the island shape, and the interface bonding strength and the phase matching degree between the island shape and the TiAl substrate are high; fourthly, the size and the number of the island-shaped ceramic phases are gradually increased and increased along the thickness direction, the hardness and the strength are in gradient distribution along the depth, the obdurability of the cladding layer is improved, the residual stress of the coating is reduced, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the coating are greatly improved.
2. Compared with the traditional laser cladding method, the preparation method has the advantages of large adjustment range of coating thickness, surface hardness, wear resistance, coating binding force and the like. The surface of key parts such as a roller is strengthened, the wear resistance can be improved by 2-5 times, and the corrosion resistance can be improved under the working condition of corrosion.
3. The invention adopts a laser cladding method, and can efficiently obtain a TiAl-based multi-level reinforced wear-resistant coating material, wherein Ti is2AlC has a layered structure, can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and improve the antifriction performance, and Ti2AlC has an elastic modulus similar to that of a TiAl intermetallic compound, and the stress of an interface is effectively relieved. Ti2The AlC and TiC have similar physical properties, and the TiC in the cladding coating is Ti2AlC wrapping avoids direct contact between TiC and TiAl intermetallic compounds. The reinforcement with the gradient can effectively relieve the stress at the interface of the reinforcement phase and the matrix and reduce the cracking tendency of the interface.
4. The ceramic phase of the invention is increased in a gradient manner from inside to outside, so that the high hardness and the wear resistance of the cladding layer are ensured, meanwhile, the toughness reduction caused by sudden change of components, tissues and properties is avoided, and the high wear-resistant and high-toughness coating can be obtained. Parts adapted to withstand bending, tensile, and impact loads during operation, such as: the key parts such as a high-speed rail brake disc, a metallurgical roller, a glass embossing roller and the like are subjected to more force which is extrusion force, and the requirements on the wear resistance and the toughness of the material are high. Therefore, the preparation method of the present invention has unexpected positive effects, and meets the creativity specified in article 23, section 3 of the patent Law.
Drawings
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are respectively cross-sectional microstructure structure diagrams of the TiAl-based multi-stage strengthened wear-resistant coating according to the present invention, which are magnified by different times;
FIG. 3 is a phase composition diagram of the coating layer of the present invention, which shows phase compositions of examples when the sum of molar ratios of TiC + Nb + Mo added to the laser cladding powder is 6, 8, and 10, respectively, when TiC powder is used as a ceramic reinforcing phase and Mo and Nb are used as reinforcing elements.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention will be more clearly and clearly defined.
The following examples illustrate the method of making the composite structure of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
step 1: powder preparation
Mixing Al powder, Ti powder, TiC powder and Mo powder into original powder, wherein the powder is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: al: ti: TiC: mo is 9: 9: 2: 2 (molar ratio);
step 2, pretreatment of the surface of the substrate
Firstly, the workpiece is soaked in acid liquor, the soaking time is determined according to the dirt degree of the workpiece, and the workpiece is washed by water after being soaked in acid liquor. Soaking with alkaline water to neutralize residual acid, and thoroughly washing with warm water for blow drying. And then, roughening the surface of the workpiece by adopting a conventional sand blasting roughening method.
And step 3: plasma spraying and laser remelting
Putting the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 into an oven, drying for 2 hours at 50 ℃, and then carrying out plasma spraying, wherein the process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the current is 150A, the spraying distance is 100mm, the powder feeding rate is 50g/min, and the thickness is 1.0 mm; and placing the sprayed workpiece on a workbench for laser remelting. The technological parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 1200W, the cladding speed is 8mm/s, and the average microhardness is 480HV0.2。
And 4, step 4: laser cladding
Adjusting the type and proportion of the powder to carry out laser cladding, improving the quality of the powder of the ceramic phase generated in the powder, wherein the cladding powder adopts a precoating method, and the type and proportion of the powder are as follows: al: ti: TiC: mo: nb: graphite powder: cr is 9: 9: 2: 2: 2:1:1 (molar ratio), and the laser cladding technological parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 2000W, the cladding speed is 6mm/s, and the thickness is 1.0 mm. Obtaining a TiAl matrix + Ti3Al、(Ti,Nb)C、(Ti,Nb)2Ceramic phases such as AlC and the like, and the ceramic phases formed by the in-situ reaction are distributed on the TiAl matrix in an island shape.
The total thickness of the coating can reach 2.0 mm. The friction coefficient of the coating is 0.35, and the hardness of the coating is 600HV0.1The wear resistance is improved by 2 times compared with that of TC4 plates, and the coating has wear resistance and antifriction performance.
Example two:
step 1: powder preparation
Mixing Al powder, Ti powder, TiC powder and Nb powder into original powder, wherein the powder ratio is as follows: al: ti: TiC: nb 9: 9: 2: 2 (molar ratio), namely, Nb is used for replacing Mo in the first embodiment, and the mixture ratio is not changed;
step 2, pretreatment of the surface of the substrate
Firstly, the workpiece is soaked in acid liquor, the soaking time is determined according to the dirt degree of the workpiece, and the workpiece is washed by water after being soaked in acid liquor. Soaking with alkaline water to neutralize residual acid, and thoroughly washing with warm water for blow drying. And then, roughening the surface of the workpiece by adopting a conventional sand blasting roughening method.
And step 3: plasma spraying and laser remelting
And (2) putting the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) into an oven, drying for 2 hours at 50 ℃, and then carrying out plasma spraying, wherein the plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the current is 150A, the spraying distance is 80mm, the powder feeding rate is 35g/min, and the thickness is 1.5 mm; the cladding power is 1000W, the cladding speed is 8mm/s, and the average microhardness of the obtained coating is 520HV0.2。
And 4, step 4: laser cladding
Adjusting the type and proportion of the powder to carry out laser cladding, improving the quality of the powder of the ceramic phase generated in the powder, wherein the cladding powder adopts a precoating method, and the type and proportion of the powder are as follows: al: ti: TiC: nb: mo: graphite powder: cr is 9: 9: 2: 3: 3:1:1 (molar ratio), and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 2000W, the cladding speed is 6mm/s, and the thickness is 1.5 mm. Obtaining a TiAl matrix + Ti3Al、Ti2AlC、(Ti,Nb)2Ceramic phases such as AlC, TiC, (Ti, Nb) C and the like, and the ceramic phases formed by the in-situ reaction are distributed on the TiAl substrate in an island shape.
The total thickness of the coating can reach 3 mm. The friction coefficient of the coating is 0.4, and the hardness of the coating is 800HV0.1The wear resistance is improved by 3 times compared with that of TC4 plates, and the coating has wear resistance and antifriction performance.
Example three:
step 1: powder preparation
Mixing Al powder, Ti powder, TiC powder and Cr powder into original powder, wherein the powder ratio is as follows: al: ti: TiC: cr is 9: 9: 2: 2 (molar ratio), namely, Cr is used for replacing Mo in the first embodiment, and the mixture ratio is unchanged;
step 2, pretreatment of the surface of the substrate
Firstly, the workpiece is soaked in acid liquor, the soaking time is determined according to the dirt degree of the workpiece, and the workpiece is washed by water after being soaked in acid liquor. Soaking with alkaline water to neutralize residual acid, and thoroughly washing with warm water for blow drying. And then, roughening the surface of the workpiece by adopting a conventional sand blasting roughening method.
And step 3: plasma spraying and laser remelting
The plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the current is 150A, the spraying distance is 55mm, the powder feeding rate is 45g/min, and the thickness is 2 mm; the cladding power is 1500W, the cladding speed is 8mm/s, and the average microhardness of the obtained coating is 450HV0.2。
And 4, step 4: laser cladding
Adjusting the type and proportion of the powder to carry out laser cladding, improving the quality of the powder of the generated ceramic phase in the powder, wherein the cladding powder adopts a precoating method, and the ratio of the precoating powder is as follows: al: ti: TiC: nb: mo: graphite powder: cr is 9: 9: 2: 4: 4:1:1 (molar ratio), and the laser cladding technological parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 2000W, the cladding speed is 6mm/s, and the thickness is 2.0 mm. Obtaining a TiAl matrix + Ti3Al、Ti2AlC、(Ti,Nb)2Ceramic phases such as AlC, TiC, (Ti, Nb) C and the like, and the ceramic phases formed by the in-situ reaction are distributed on the TiAl substrate in an island shape.
The total thickness of the coating can reach 4 mm. The friction coefficient of the coating is 0.4, and the hardness of the coating is 800HV0.1The wear resistance is 5 times higher than that of TC4 board, and the coating has good wear resistance.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are respectively cross-sectional microstructure structural diagrams of the TiAl-based multi-stage reinforced wear-resistant coating of the present invention amplified by different times, and it is seen from fig. 1 that ceramic phases with multi-stage island structures are distributed in the TiAl matrix, and it is seen from fig. 2 that the island-shaped ceramic phases from the matrix to the surface layer are in gradient distribution.
FIG. 3 shows the diffraction patterns that when TiC powder is used as a ceramic reinforcing phase and Mo and Nb are used as reinforcing elements, and the sum of the molar ratios of TiC + Nb + Mo is 6, 8 and 10, respectively, a TiAl matrix + Ti can be obtained3Al、(Ti,Nb)2Ceramic phases such as AlC, (Ti, Nb) C and the like, Mo in the powder is dissolved in the titanium-aluminum matrix in a solid mode, and a certain solid solution strengthening effect is achieved.
Although the above description is only three embodiments of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the three examples are all performed once in the four-step laser cladding, but it is not limited to one, and in practice, if the hardness or thickness does not meet the requirement, the powder content of the generated ceramic phase needs to be increased to perform the powder coating again, so the scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A wear-resistant coating with a multistage island-shaped structure is characterized in that powder is sprayed on the surface of a pretreated substrate, then a laser cladding remelting spraying layer is utilized, and then the content of the powder capable of generating a ceramic phase is sequentially increased to carry out one or more times of laser cladding until the hardness, toughness or ductility of the coating reaches the design requirement, so that a composite cladding layer with a multistage island-shaped structure is formed, wherein the content of the ceramic strengthening phase is increased in a gradient manner from a TiAl substrate to the surface of the coating.
The spraying powder and the laser melting powder both comprise basic powder Ti and Al, TiC and graphite powder which form a strengthening phase, and alloy element powder Cr, Zr, Co, W, Mo and Nb which play a strengthening role, wherein the Ti, the Al and the TiC are optional powder.
2. The wear-resistant coating with the multistage island-shaped structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying powder and the laser melting powder are Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the mixing ratio ranges are as follows according to the mole ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio).
3. A preparation method of a wear-resistant coating with a multistage island-shaped structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: powder preparation
Preparing powder according to the requirements, wherein the spraying powder and the laser melting powder are respectively selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the mixture ratio ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio), wherein Ti, Al and TiC in the powder are optional powder;
the second step is that: pretreatment of workpiece surfaces
The pretreatment comprises the working procedures of acid soaking, water washing, alkaline water soaking, warm water cleaning, drying and sand blasting coarsening treatment;
the third step: powder spray coating
Alloy powder is pre-sprayed on the surface of a pretreated workpiece by using plasma to obtain an alloy layer with the thickness of 1-3 mm, and the plasma spraying process parameters are as follows: the voltage is 50V, the current is 150A, the spraying distance is 50-100mm, and the powder feeding rate is 30-50 g/min; the average hardness of the alloy layer is 330-440 HV0.3；
The fourth step: laser remelting
Carrying out laser repetition without powder on the workpiece sprayed with the alloy powder in advance, wherein the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 1000W-2000W, and the cladding speed is 8-10 mm/s;
the fifth step: laser cladding
Adjusting the powder proportion and species to carry out first laser cladding, wherein the laser cladding powder is selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the proportion ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio); compared with the spraying powder in the first step, the quality of the powder for generating the ceramic phase is improved, the laser cladding rate is correspondingly reduced by 20-25%, and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the cladding power is 1000W-2000W, and the cladding speed is 6-8 mm/s;
when the hardness or thickness of the coating does not meet the design requirement, the proportion and the type of the laser cladding powder are adjusted again for carrying out the second laser cladding, the powder is still selected from Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite, and the proportion ranges are respectively as follows according to the molar ratio: 9: 9: (1-2): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): (1-4): 1:1 (molar ratio); compared with the first laser cladding powder, the quality of the powder for generating the ceramic phase is improved, and the laser cladding process parameters are the same as those of the first laser cladding;
repeating the steps until the thickness or hardness of the coating reaches the preset requirement, so as to obtain a structural form that the island-shaped ceramic phases are uniformly distributed on the TiAl matrix, wherein the sizes and the number of the island-shaped ceramic phases are gradually increased and increased from the matrix to the surface layer along the thickness direction.
4. The method for preparing the wear-resistant coating with the multistage island-shaped structure according to claim 3, wherein the particle size of Ti, Al, TiC, Nb, Cr, Mo, Zr, Co, W and graphite powder is 45-75 μm, and the particle size of TiC powder is 10-20 μm.
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