CN113151740A - VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness for ship and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness for ship and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0263—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment following hot rolling
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness for a ship and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the steel plate comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.04 to 0.09 percent; si: 0.05 percent to 0.14 percent; mn: 1.10% -1.45%; s: less than or equal to 0.002 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.008 percent; and Als: 0.015% -0.045%; n: 0.003 to 0.015 percent; nb: 0.01 to 0.03 percent; cu: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent; cr: 0.05 percent to 0.20 percent; ni: 0.25 to 0.50 percent; v: 0 to 0.04 percent; ti: 0.008 to 0.014 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Can meet the technical requirements of the marine steel plate in severe and harsh marine environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of steel material preparation, and particularly relates to a VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness for a ship and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
In recent years, global LPG energy demand has been increasing, and LPG storage and transportation needs have been increasing. The scale of LPG transport ship is continuously developing towards large scale. The large-scale development of the VLGC puts higher requirements on the safety and stability of the service of the ship, so that the requirements on the design and construction process of the ship are more strict, and great difficulty is brought to the production and quality stability control of low-temperature steel plates required by shipbuilding.
The C-Mn series low-temperature steel plate for the LPG ship is mainly used for designing the construction of a liquid cargo tank of the LPG ship with the use temperature of more than minus 55 ℃ and a ship body structure around the liquid cargo tank, and the steel plate is required to have the comprehensive properties of certain strength, lower yield ratio, good low-temperature toughness, lamellar tearing resistance, good weldability, processability and the like. At present, the products are produced by adopting TMCP technology at home and abroad, in order to ensure the low-temperature performance requirement, the heating temperature, the rolling temperature and the post-rolling rapid cooling technology of the blank are strictly controlled, and the production difficulty is extremely high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness for a ship and a manufacturing method thereof, through reasonable component design and combination of a novel TMCP process, the obtained steel plate has high toughness in the whole thickness section, the prepared steel plate has high strength (yield strength is more than or equal to 360MPa, tensile strength is more than or equal to 520MPa), low temperature resistance (-80 ℃ impact energy is more than or equal to 150J), Z-direction performance is more than or equal to 70%, the steel plate structure is a ferrite and bainite dual-phase structure, wherein the ferrite structure proportion is more than or equal to 70%, the maximum thickness is 60mm, the zero plastic brittle transition temperature (DNTT) is less than or equal to-70 ℃, and the steel plate has the characteristics of good structural property uniformity, lamellar tearing resistance and the like, and can meet the technical requirements of severe and severe ocean environments on the steel plate for the ship.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.04 to 0.09 percent; si: 0.05 percent to 0.14 percent; mn: 1.10% -1.45%; s: less than or equal to 0.002 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.008 percent; and Als: 0.015% -0.045%; n: 0.003 to 0.015 percent; nb: 0.01 to 0.03 percent; cu: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent; cr: 0.05 percent to 0.20 percent; ni: 0.25 to 0.50 percent; v: 0 to 0.04 percent; ti: 0.008 to 0.014 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The thickness of the steel plate is 25-60 mm.
The action mechanism of each alloy component in the steel is as follows:
c: the carbon element with a certain content can be matched with cooling control to ensure the obdurability index of the steel plate, so the C content is preferably controlled to be 0.04-0.09% from the aspects of economy and product performance.
Si: is a main deoxidizing component in the steel-making process, can be used as a deoxidizing agent and a reducing agent in the steel-making process, is beneficial to improving the strength of a steel plate, and promotes the formation of Maoelandia when the content exceeds 0.5 percent, thereby damaging the weldability and the low-temperature toughness. The proper amount of Si can improve the elastic limit, yield strength and yield ratio of the steel and can also improve the oxidation resistance of the steel at high temperature, and researches show that for the marine steel plate, the lower Si content can improve the surface quality of the steel plate, so that the Si content is preferably 0.05-0.14%.
Mn: the Mn and S are combined to form MnS, thereby avoiding hot cracks caused by FeS formed at the grain boundary, and the Mn is also a good deoxidizer. Proper amount of manganese can improve the strength and toughness of steel, but too high amount of manganese is entangled and segregated in a casting blank, thereby causing a structure belt which is difficult to eliminate after rolling, and reducing the transverse performance and lamellar tearing resistance of the steel plate. In order to improve the toughness of the material of the present invention, the Mn content is preferably in the range of 1.10% to 1.45%.
P: the material is an element which brings adverse effects on an impact value, can be segregated in the central part of a slab, is aggregated in a grain boundary and the like to damage low-temperature toughness, and is controlled to be not higher than 0.008%.
S: the material is an element which brings adverse effect to an impact value, can form sulfide inclusions to become a crack source, and is controlled to be not higher than 0.002%.
And Als: the content of the deoxidizing and grain refining element to be added in the present invention is 0.01% or more, but if it exceeds 0.08%, hot cracking of the cast slab is likely to occur, and the toughness of the steel is lowered. More preferably, the content ranges from 0.015% to 0.045%.
Nb: the addition of Nb in the steel can effectively refine the grain size of the steel and improve the strength and toughness. The effect is not obvious when the addition amount is less than 0.01 percent; if the content is more than 0.05%, the toughness and weldability of the steel are lowered, and therefore the preferable content of Nb is controlled to 0.01-0.03%.
Cr: the important element for improving the hardenability of the steel is that the hardenability can be effectively improved by adding higher Cr content to the steel for thick ship plates and ocean platforms so as to make up for the strength loss caused by thickness and improve the uniformity of performance in the thickness direction; the chromium element with a proper content can well improve the corrosion resistance of the steel plate, so that the content of Cr in the steel plate is controlled to be within the range of Cr: 0.05 to 0.20 percent.
Cu: the addition of Cu to steel improves the corrosion resistance and strength of the steel, and improves weldability, formability, machinability, etc. When used together with Ni, hot shortness can also be avoided. The Cu content is 0.05-0.15%.
Ni: ni has the solid solution strengthening effect, can promote the alloy steel to form a stable austenite structure, has the characteristics of minimizing the Ar3 point and the increase of carbon equivalent or cold crack sensitivity Pcm, can improve the strength and toughness of the steel, and improves the hot brittleness caused by Cu in the steel, so the Ni content is controlled to be 0.25-0.50 percent.
V: has obvious precipitation strengthening effect. The dispersed VC particles can be precipitated and separated out from the martensite or ferrite matrix, so that the steel is obviously strengthened, but the precipitation strengthening effect is not obviously improved due to the excessively high vanadium content, and the cost is higher. The vanadium content of the steel is controlled to be 0-0.04%.
N: n is an element that bonds with elements such as Al, Ti, and Nb to form nitrides and makes the base material structure finer. In order to exert such effects, it is necessary to contain N at 0.002% or more, but excessive solid-solution N is a cause of deterioration in toughness of the HAZ, and the content of N element is controlled appropriately to be able to play a role of refining grains, so the content of N is in the range of 0.003% to 0.015%.
Ti: the component added to improve the toughness of steel and the toughness of weld zones functions as TiN, but if it exceeds 0.04%, large-grain TiN is easily formed and loses its effect, so the Ti content is preferably in the range of 0.008% to 0.014%.
VL4-4L steel plate for ship with good low-temperature toughness and manufacturing method thereof: billet smelting → billet heating → billet rolling → steel plate cooling → stacking and slow cooling → finished steel plate. The method comprises the following steps:
1) the smelting process comprises the following steps: selecting smelting raw materials, wherein the raw materials mainly comprise molten iron or high-quality return steel, the content of elements such as P, S is as low as possible, smelting components are controlled according to target values, the content of residual elements is strictly controlled, the carbon equivalent is prevented from exceeding the upper limit, LF and RH refining furnaces are required to be treated for 20-40min respectively, the superheat degree of tundish molten steel is less than or equal to 30 ℃, the whole process is protected for casting, and A, B, C, D types of inclusions in the steel are required to meet the following requirements: the A class is less than or equal to 1.0, the B class is less than or equal to 1.0, the C class is less than or equal to 1.0, and the D class is less than or equal to 1.0.
2) A heating process: the novel low-temperature heating system is adopted, the heating temperature is 1080-1140 ℃, the soaking temperature is 1020-1050 ℃, and the soaking time is 30-50 min.
3) The rolling process comprises the following steps: the method adopts a two-stage controlled rolling technology of austenite in a crystallization area and austenite out of the crystallization area, the initial rolling temperature is 980-1020 ℃, the large reduction is ensured at each stage, the single-pass deformation rate is more than or equal to 15%, the second stage is a finish rolling stage, the single-pass deformation rate is more than or equal to 12%, the thickness of the intermediate blank steel plate to be heated is 2.5-3.5 times of the thickness of a finished steel plate, the initial rolling temperature is 720-750 ℃ at the second stage, and the final rolling temperature is 680-720 ℃, and the large-deformation rolling technology is combined to refine the original structure, control and adjust the composition, the uniform refining degree and the multiphase particle precipitation behavior of the phase transformation structure, so that the grain size uniformity on the full-thickness section of the large-thickness steel plate is obtained, and the uniformity of the strength, the low-temperature toughness and the strain aging resistance of the steel are improved.
4) And (3) a cooling process: the average cooling speed of the steel plate is 3-8 ℃/S, the start cooling temperature is 640-680 ℃, the final cooling temperature is 400-460 ℃, the cooling process is carried out by adopting an ACC laminar flow full-automatic controlled cooling mode, the whole process adopts steel plate head-tail shielding control, and the performance uniformity of the steel plate at different positions is ensured.
5) A stacking slow cooling process: and (5) stacking the steel plate after controlled cooling for slow cooling for more than or equal to 24h to obtain a steel plate finished product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship has reasonable design of chemical components, less alloy content and lower cost, adopts low-P, S pure steel for smelting, improves the purity of steel, and ensures that the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness has excellent low-temperature ductility and toughness;
2) the novel low-temperature heating process is creatively provided, the heat preservation time in the soaking stage is properly designed, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the original austenite structure grain size of the steel plate is refined, the structure uniformity of the subsequent rolled steel plate is improved, and the strengthening and toughening of the steel plate are improved to provide a foundation;
3) by combining the controlled rolling and water cooling (TMCP) processes, the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness is strengthened and toughened, the phase change structure is uniformly refined, the shape and the grain size are controlled, and the dimensional precision and the surface quality are controlled;
4) the prepared VL4-4L steel plate for the ship has high strength (the yield strength is more than or equal to 360MPa and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 520MPa), low temperature resistance (the impact work at the temperature of minus 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 150J), Z-direction performance is more than or equal to 65 percent, (DNTT) is less than or equal to minus 70 ℃, and the maximum thickness is 60mm, and has good low-temperature toughness, and the characteristics of good structural property uniformity, lamellar tearing resistance, good surface quality and the like meet the technical requirements of severe and severe ocean environments on the steel plate for the ship.
5) The microstructure of the steel plate mainly comprises ferrite and bainite tissues, wherein the grain size of the ferrite reaches 10-12 grades, and the content of the ferrite is 70-85%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the prior austenite grain size of the steel sheet of example 1 of the steel of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the metallographic structure of a steel plate obtained as a result of working example 1 of a steel according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as can be seen from the metallographic structure of example 1, the steel plate structure of the VL4-4L steel plate for ships with good low-temperature toughness is basically ferrite and bainite, the steel plate structure of the original austenite and the finished steel plate structure of the steel plate have clear grain boundaries and very fine grains (wherein the austenite grain size is 9.0 grade, and the ferrite grain size is 11.0 grade), so that the low-temperature impact toughness and the higher strength level of the VL4-4L steel plate for ships with good low-temperature toughness are greatly improved.
The chemical components of the VL4-4L steel plate with good low-temperature toughness are shown in table 1, the steel billet smelting process parameters are shown in table 2, the steel plate rolling method and the cooling process are shown in table 3, and the tensile and impact properties of the steel in the examples are shown in table 4.
TABLE 1 chemical composition of steel of examples of the invention
TABLE 2 smelting process of the present invention
TABLE 3 Rolling method of Steel according to the examples of the present invention
TABLE 4 tensile and impact properties of inventive example steels
The embodiment shows that the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship has reasonable chemical component design, less alloy content and lower steel plate cost, adopts low-P, S pure steel for smelting, improves the purity of steel, and ensures that the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness has excellent low-temperature ductility and toughness; the novel low-temperature heating process is creatively provided, the heat preservation time in the soaking stage is properly designed, the energy consumption is greatly reduced, the original austenite structure grain size of the steel plate is refined, the structure uniformity of the subsequent rolled steel plate is improved, and the strengthening and toughening of the steel plate are improved to provide a foundation; by combining the controlled rolling and water cooling (TMCP) processes, the steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness is strengthened and toughened, the phase change structure is uniformly refined, the shape and the grain size are controlled, and the dimensional precision and the surface quality are controlled; the microstructure of the steel plate mainly comprises ferrite and bainite tissues, wherein the grain size of the ferrite reaches 10-12 grades, and the ferrite content is 70-85 percent;
in conclusion, the VL4-4L steel plate for the ship, which has high strength (the yield strength is more than or equal to 360MPa and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 520MPa), low temperature resistance (the impact energy at the temperature of 80 ℃ is more than or equal to 150J), Z-direction performance more than or equal to 65 percent and the maximum thickness of 60mm, has good low-temperature toughness, and has the characteristics of good uniformity of structural performance, lamellar tearing resistance, excellent surface quality and the like, and meets the technical requirements of severe and harsh environments in the ocean on the steel plate for the ship.
Claims (8)
1. The steel plate for the VL4-4L ship with good low-temperature toughness is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.04 to 0.09 percent; si: 0.05 percent to 0.14 percent; mn: 1.10% -1.45%; s: less than or equal to 0.002 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.008 percent; and Als: 0.015% -0.045%; n: 0.003 to 0.015 percent; nb: 0.01 to 0.03 percent; cu: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent; cr: 0.05 percent to 0.20 percent; ni: 0.25 to 0.50 percent; v: 0 to 0.04 percent; ti: 0.008 to 0.014 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. The steel plate for VL4-4L ship having good low-temperature toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the steel plate is 25-60 mm.
3. The steel plate for VL4-4L ship having good low-temperature toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the yield strength of the steel plate is more than or equal to 360MPa, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 520 MPa.
4. The steel plate for VL4-4L ship having good low-temperature toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the impact energy of the steel plate is more than or equal to 150J, Z at minus 80 ℃ and the orientation performance is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the zero-plasticity brittle transition temperature is less than or equal to minus 70 ℃.
5. The steel plate for VL4-4L ship having good low-temperature toughness as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steel plate structure is a ferrite and bainite dual-phase structure, wherein the proportion of the ferrite structure is more than or equal to 70 percent.
6. A method for manufacturing VL4-4L steel plate for ship with good low temperature toughness according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising smelting, continuous casting, rolling and cooling, characterized in that: heating the steel billet before rolling at 1100-1150 ℃ and 1050-1080 ℃ for 30-50 min; the method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting a two-stage control rolling technology of an austenite recrystallization region and an austenite non-recrystallization region, wherein the initial rolling temperature is 1000-1050 ℃, the large reduction is ensured at each stage, the single-pass deformation rate is more than or equal to 16%, the thickness of an intermediate blank steel plate to be heated is 3-3.5 times of the thickness of a finished steel plate, the initial rolling temperature at the second stage is 750-850 ℃, the single-pass deformation rate is more than or equal to 12%, and the final rolling temperature is 700-780 ℃; and cooling after rolling, wherein the average cooling speed of the steel plate is 5-10 ℃/s, the start cooling temperature is 660-740 ℃, and the final cooling temperature is 480-560 ℃.
7. The method for producing a steel plate for VL4-4L vessel having excellent low-temperature toughness according to claim 6, wherein: in the smelting process, LF and RH refining furnaces are required to be treated for 20-40min respectively, the superheat degree of tundish molten steel is less than or equal to 30 ℃, the casting is protected in the whole process, and A, B, C, D impurities in the steel are required to meet the following requirements: class A is less than or equal to 1.0, class B is less than or equal to 1.0, class C is less than or equal to 1.0, and class D is less than or equal to 1.0.
8. The method for producing a steel plate for VL4-4L vessel having excellent low-temperature toughness according to claim 6, wherein: and stacking the cooled steel plates for slow cooling for more than or equal to 24 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113843482A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-28 | 太平洋海洋工程（舟山）有限公司 | Marine low-temperature steel welding method |
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