CN113115120B - Video slicing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Video slicing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN113115120B CN113115120B CN202110584643.5A CN202110584643A CN113115120B CN 113115120 B CN113115120 B CN 113115120B CN 202110584643 A CN202110584643 A CN 202110584643A CN 113115120 B CN113115120 B CN 113115120B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
- H04N21/64322—IP
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a video slicing method, a video slicing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: slicing the initial video according to a preset time length to obtain at least one first slice data; slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data; constructing target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each first slice data, and generating the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data based on each second slice data and the target packet header information; the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target package file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target package file, and whether the target package file contains at least one of the key frame data. Through the technical scheme of this embodiment, realized twice section, promoted the distribution efficiency of video file on content distribution network, promoted the effect of file sharing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to communication transmission technologies, and in particular, to a video slicing method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
Video transmission of a live broadcast platform generally cuts a video stream of a live broadcast video into a small slice file according to a certain rule, and a user playing the same live broadcast video can obtain different small slice files from a Content Delivery Network (CDN), so that effects of mutual sharing and existence of intercommunication are achieved.
The format of the live Video is usually the FLV (Flash Video, streaming media) format, and the general slicing process is to slice the FLV stream file according to a fixed time length or a fixed size, and assign a continuous monotonically increasing sequence number to each slice, so that users can share the slice file with the sequence number.
Sharing of a slice file among users is generally performed using UDP (User Datagram Protocol). Because there is a limit to the maximum transmission unit, slicing either for a fixed duration or a fixed size, there is a granularity issue for the slices. The too small slices cannot fully utilize the bandwidth resources of the UDP, and influence the distribution effect of the CDN, so that the CDN generates too many return sources, thereby causing the problems of bandwidth resource waste and low distribution rate; although too large slices are beneficial to the distribution of the CDN, the sharing among users is not facilitated, and as long as one slice file is lost, the loss of the whole shared slice file can be caused, so that the problem of poor user experience effect when the users share videos can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a video slicing method, a video slicing device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and aims to achieve the technical effects of improving the distribution efficiency of video files on a content distribution network and improving the file sharing efficiency.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a video slicing method, where the method includes:
slicing the initial video according to a preset duration to obtain at least one piece of first slice data;
slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data;
constructing target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data, and generating the target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data based on each piece of second slice data and the target packet header information;
the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target package file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target package file, and whether the target package file contains at least one of key frame data.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a video slicing apparatus, where the apparatus includes:
the first slice data acquisition module is used for slicing the initial video according to a preset time length to obtain at least one piece of first slice data;
the second slice data acquisition module is used for slicing each piece of first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one piece of second slice data;
the object package file generating module is used for constructing object package header information of an object package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data and generating the object package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data based on each piece of second slice data and the object package header information;
the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target package file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target package file, and whether the target package file contains at least one of key frame data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes:
one or more processors;
a storage device for storing one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement a video slicing method as in any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the program, when executed by a processor, implements a video slicing method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the initial video is sliced according to the preset duration to obtain at least one piece of first slice data, each piece of first slice data is sliced according to the preset length to obtain at least one piece of second slice data, so that two-layer slicing processing is carried out on the initial video, further, target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data is constructed, and a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data is generated based on each piece of second slice data and the target packet header information, wherein the target packet header information comprises the number of the second slice data, a starting identifier of the second slice data, the storage capacity of the target packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file contains at least one of key frame data or not, so that the problems of low distribution efficiency and low sharing rate in video file transmission are solved, twice slicing is realized, the distribution efficiency of the video file on a content distribution network is further improved, and the technical effect of file sharing efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, a brief description is given below of the drawings used in describing the embodiments. It should be clear that the described figures are only views of some of the embodiments of the invention to be described, not all, and that for a person skilled in the art, other figures can be derived from these figures without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a video slicing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a video slicing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a video slicing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of them.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a video slicing method according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a situation where a video file is sliced when the video file is transmitted through a content distribution network, and the method may be executed by a video slicing apparatus, where the apparatus may be implemented in the form of software and/or hardware, and the hardware may be an electronic device, and optionally, the electronic device may be a mobile terminal, and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
s110, slicing the initial video according to preset time length to obtain at least one piece of first slice data.
The initial video may be video stream data, such as FLV video stream data, or video stream data in other formats. The preset time duration may be a time duration preset according to the video distribution requirement, and may be, for example, 1 second. The first slice data may be video data obtained by slicing the initial video based on a preset duration.
Specifically, when the duration of the initial video exceeds the preset duration, the initial video may be sliced according to the preset duration to obtain a plurality of first slice data.
It should be noted that the slicing process may be performed together with the receiving of the buffered initial video. Specifically, when the time length for receiving the cached initial video exceeds the preset time length, slicing is started to obtain first slice data.
And S120, slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data.
The preset length may be a byte number preset according to a video distribution requirement. The second slice data may be video data obtained by slicing the first slice data based on a preset length.
Specifically, after a plurality of pieces of first slice data are obtained through the first slicing, the second slicing may be performed on each piece of first slice data. And slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain a plurality of second slice data.
After each first slice data is obtained, the second slicing may be performed to obtain a plurality of second slice data corresponding to each first slice data. After the preset number of first slice data are obtained, the second slicing processing may be performed on each first slice data. The starting timing of the second slicing may be set according to the use requirement, and is not particularly limited in this embodiment.
S130, constructing a target packet header information of the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data, and generating the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data based on each second slice data and the target packet header information.
The target package file may be a package file constructed by packaging each second slice data in the first slice data and the target packet header file. The target packet header file may be a header file used to parse the target packet file. The destination packet header information may include at least one of a number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the destination packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the destination packet file, and whether the destination packet file contains the key frame data. The start identifier of the second slice data may be an identifier of a first second slice data in each second slice data in the target package file, that is, an identifier of a first second slice data arranged in the playing order. The storage capacity of the target package file may be the sum of the capacity sizes of the target packet header file and each second slice data in the target package file. The video header file and the audio header file corresponding to the target package file may be a video header file and an audio header file used for parsing and playing the target package file. Whether the key frame data is contained in the target package file or not may be used for labeling the key frame data, for example: if the target package file contains key frame data, marking 1; if the target package file does not contain the key frame data, marking 0, and the like, wherein the specific marking mode can be determined according to the actual situation.
Specifically, the information required for constructing the target header file is determined according to each piece of second slice data corresponding to the first slice data, and the target header file is constructed based on the determined information. And then, packaging each second slice data corresponding to the first slice data and the target packet header file to obtain a target packet file.
It should be noted that the target packet file may be parsed based on the target packet header file, and the video in the target packet file may be played based on the information in the target packet header file. Specifically, each second slice data in the target package file is analyzed and combined according to the target packet header file to obtain the first slice data, and then the first slice data corresponding to the target package file is played, so that the video of each target package file can be played independently.
According to the technical scheme, the initial video is sliced according to the preset time length to obtain at least one first slice data, each first slice data is sliced according to the preset length to obtain at least one second slice data, two-layer slicing processing is carried out on the initial video, further, the target header information of the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data is constructed, and the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data is generated based on each second slice data and the target header information, wherein the target header information comprises the number of the second slice data, the starting identifier of the second slice data, the storage capacity of the target packet file, the video header file and the audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file contains at least one of key frame data or not is solved, the problems of low distribution efficiency and low sharing rate in video file transmission are solved, two-time slicing is realized, the distribution efficiency of the video file on a content distribution network is further improved, and the technical effect of file sharing efficiency is improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a video slicing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and in this embodiment, based on the foregoing embodiments, for a determination manner of a preset length for an acquisition manner of an initial video, reference may be made to the technical solution of this embodiment, and a feature of constructing a table file corresponding to a target package file is added. The same or corresponding terms as those in the above embodiments are not explained in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 2, the method of this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:
s210, obtaining an initial video from a content distribution network.
The content distribution network is an intelligent virtual network established on the basis of the existing network, and users can obtain required content nearby by means of functional modules of load balancing, content distribution, scheduling and the like of a central platform by means of edge servers deployed in various places, so that network congestion is reduced, and the access response speed and hit rate of the users are improved. Content distribution networks can primarily enable content storage and distribution. The initial video includes video data and audio data, such as: the initial video in the FLV format may be parsed to obtain video data and audio data, and may also be parsed to obtain a video header file (e.g., video sequence header, etc.) corresponding to the video data and an audio header file (e.g., audio sequence header, etc.) corresponding to the audio data.
In particular, an initial video may be pulled from the content distribution network by the backend system for subsequent slicing and distribution use.
S220, slicing the initial video according to preset time length to obtain at least one piece of first slice data.
And S230, determining a preset length based on the maximum byte number of the transmission unit, the maximum byte number of the internet interconnection protocol header file, the maximum byte number of the user datagram protocol header file and the reserved byte number.
The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) is the Maximum length of a packet or a frame, and is generally in bytes. The Internet Protocol header file is an IP (Internet Protocol) header file, and is a header file corresponding to an IP Protocol required for transmission. The user datagram protocol header file is a UDP header file and is a header file corresponding to a UDP protocol required during transmission. The reserved byte number may be a byte number reserved for each second slice data according to a transmission data requirement.
Specifically, in order to select a suitable preset length, the number of bytes of the IP header file and the UDP header file may be reserved on the basis of the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit. And, in order to ensure normal transmission of data, a part of reserved byte number can be reserved again.
It should be noted that there is no concept of port in the IP protocol, and the IP protocol performs IP address to IP address transmission, which is equivalent to communication between two computers. However, multiple communication channels are required in each computer and are allocated for use by different processes. One port represents such a communication channel. The transmission to a port is realized in the UDP protocol, so that the data packet can be further sent to a certain port on the basis of being sent to the IP address. Therefore, a UDP protocol is additionally added to the IP protocol, and the transmission accuracy can be ensured.
It should be noted that, due to the limitation of the number of bytes of the MTU, the size of the UDP packet is also limited. After removing the bytes of the IP header file and the UDP header file, the remaining bytes may be reserved for the data (payload) portion of the UDP packet. In the prior art, the remaining number of bytes is allocated to payload. However, ideally: when data slicing is performed, the obtained slice data is just equal to the remaining number of bytes. In practical situations, it cannot be guaranteed that the number of bytes obtained after each slicing is exactly equal to the remaining number of bytes, i.e., there may be a case slightly larger or slightly smaller than the remaining number of bytes. If the number of bytes is slightly less than the remaining number of bytes, the influence is not large. If the number of bytes is slightly larger than the remaining number of bytes, the number of bytes may be larger than the number of bytes of the MTU during packet transmission, which may result in low transmission efficiency and even transmission failure. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the reserved byte number is set for the payload of the UDP packet, that is, the second slice data, so as to ensure that the sum of the byte number of the second slice data, the IP header file, and the UDP header file can be smaller than the byte number of the MTU, thereby ensuring smooth data transmission.
Alternatively, the preset length may be determined based on the following formula:
N＝MTU-MAX_IP_HEADER_LENGTH-MAX_UDP_HEADER_LENGTH-M
wherein, N represents the preset LENGTH, MTU represents the byte number of the maximum transmission unit, MAX _ IP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum byte number of the Internet interconnection protocol HEADER file, MAX _ UDP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum byte number of the user datagram protocol HEADER file, and M represents the reserved byte number.
Specifically, the maximum number of bytes MTU of the maximum transmission unit, the maximum number of bytes MAX _ IP _ HEADER _ LENGTH of the internetworking protocol HEADER file, and the maximum number of bytes MAX _ UDP _ HEADER _ LENGTH of the user datagram protocol HEADER file may be determined according to the communication transmission channel and the communication transmission protocol. Furthermore, the maximum number of bytes of the internet protocol header file, the maximum number of bytes of the user datagram protocol header file and the reserved number of bytes are subtracted from the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit, so that the preset length can be determined. The reserved byte number can be related to the byte number of the maximum transmission unit, and if the byte number of the maximum transmission unit is larger, the reserved byte number can be properly increased; if the byte number of the maximum transmission unit is smaller, the reserved byte number can be properly reduced. In general, the number of reserved bytes M ∈ [32,128].
And S240, slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data.
And S250, determining the video head file and the audio head file corresponding to each piece of first slice data according to the video head file of the video data, the audio head file of the audio data and each piece of first slice data.
Specifically, after the initial video is analyzed, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the initial video can be obtained. In order to enable independent playing of each first slice data, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the first slice data may be constructed on the basis of a video header file of video data and an audio header file of audio data in an initial video, so that the video data in the first slice data can be played based on the video header file, and the audio data can be played based on the audio header file.
S260, constructing target packet header information of a target package file corresponding to each first slice data according to the video header file and the audio header file corresponding to each first slice data.
Specifically, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the first slice data may be added to the target packet header information, so that when the target packet file is received, the first slice data is played by parsing the video header file and the audio header file in the target packet header information.
S270, distributing target package file identifications for the target package files, and constructing target table files according to the target package file identifications.
The target package file identifier may be an identifier allocated to each target package file when the target package file is generated, for example: there may be a number that is continuously incremented from 1. The destination package file identifier may be an identifier for distinguishing different destination package files, and may be a unique identifier. The object table file may be a table file generated from a preset number of object package files for recording and indexing each object package file.
Specifically, when the target package file is generated, a unique identifier may be allocated to the target package file. A preset number of target package file identifiers are added to the target table file, and the preset number may be set according to requirements, for example, 30 files may be used. The content in the target table file may be in any parsable format, such as the JSON format or the like.
For example, if the target package file identifiers are numbers that are continuously incremented from 1 and the number of target package file identifiers preset in the target table file is 10, the target package file identifier of the target package file may be added to the target table file when one target package file is generated. When the destination package file identifier stored in the destination table file is 1-10, the destination table file storage is full. When a new object package file is generated and the object package file identification 11 is set, one of the object package file identifications stored earliest in the object table file may be deleted and the latest object package file identification may be stored. At this time, the destination package files stored in the destination table file are identified as 2-11. According to the mode, the target table file corresponding to the initial video can be updated.
It should be noted that, when the initial video needs to be downloaded and acquired in real time, the target package file may be stored in a disk-down manner, and the target table file is stored in the disk-down manner, so as to avoid a situation that the latest target package file identifier in the target table file is acquired first, and the latest target package file is not stored yet, which results in a failure in accessing the file.
Optionally, in order to make the content stored in the object table file have better practicability, the current latest object package file identifier may be stored, and the latest object package file identifier containing key frame data may also be stored. The method specifically comprises the following steps: determining a first target identifier of a latest target package file in each target package file corresponding to the target table file and/or a second target identifier containing key frame data in each target package file based on the target table file; and adding the first target identification and/or the second target identification into the target table file.
The first target identifier may be a target package file identifier of a current latest target package file. The second target identification may be the target package file identification of the current newest target package file with the key frame.
Specifically, the target table file may be updated based on any one of the following ways:
in the first mode, when a new target package file is generated, a target package file identifier of the target package file can be obtained, and the target package file identifier is used as a first target identifier. Whether the key frame is contained in the target package file or not can be determined according to the target package header file of the target package file. If the key frame is included, the target package file identification is used as a second target identification; and if the key frame is not contained, acquiring a second target identifier stored in the target table file. And further, adding the first target identifier and the second target identifier to the target table file to update the target table file.
Illustratively, 10 object package file identifiers may be stored in the object table file, which is 1-10, the first object identifier is 10, and the second object identifier is 8. When the latest object package file is generated and the object package file identifier 11 is configured for the object package file, 11 may be taken as the first object identifier. Judging whether the key exists in the target package file, if so, taking the 11 as a second target identifier; if not, 8 is still used as the second target identifier. Further, the first target identification and the second target identification in the target table file may be updated. If the original second target identifier is 1, that is, the identifier that needs to be deleted, and the newly added target package file does not contain the key frame data, the second target identifier may be set to null.
And secondly, when a new target package file is generated, storing the target package file identifier of the target package file into the target table file, so that the preset number of target package file identifiers stored in the target table file are the latest identifiers. And acquiring the latest stored target package file identifier from the target package file identifiers stored in the target table file as a first target identifier. And judging whether the target packet header files corresponding to the target packet file identifications indicate that key frames are contained or not according to the target packet file identifications stored in the target table file from near to far. And if the key frame exists, stopping judging the target package file with long storage time, and taking the target package file identifier of the current target package file as a second target identifier. Further, the first target identifier and the second target identifier are added to the target table file to update the target table file.
Illustratively, the object package file identifier of the generated new object package file is 11, and the object package file identifiers recorded in the object table file are updated to be 2-11 according to the identifier. At this time, the newly stored target package file identification 11 may be acquired as the first target identification. And judging from the target package file identifier 11 to 2 one by one until a target package file identifier containing the key frame is determined or no key frame is contained. For example: the target package files corresponding to the target package file identifications 11 and 10 do not contain key frames, and the target package file corresponding to the target package file identification 9 contains key frames, and then 9 is used as a second target identification; and judging from 11 to 2 one by one to determine that each target package file does not contain the key frame, and then emptying the second target identifier. And further, adding the first target identifier and the second target identifier to the target table file to update the target table file.
It should be noted that the above two modes are only modes for updating the target table file, and the target table file may be updated based on other modes, and the embodiment is not particularly limited.
It should be further noted that the two manners described above are used to update the first target identifier and the second target identifier in the target table file at the same time. If only any one target identifier is recorded in the target table file, the target table file can be updated in the two ways, which is not described in this embodiment again.
On the basis of the above embodiments, videos may be distributed, downloaded, and shared based on the following steps:
step one, a target package file is obtained based on a content distribution network.
And step two, transmitting and acquiring second slice data in the target package file based on a user datagram protocol channel.
And step three, acquiring the target table file, analyzing the target table file, determining a target package file corresponding to the target table file, and playing a video corresponding to the target package file.
Specifically, each target package file is acquired first, and then the target table file is acquired. After the target table file is acquired, the target table file is parsed. And determining the target package files corresponding to the target table files by using the information in the target table files as index information, and playing the target package files in sequence. That is, the playing end may obtain the latest object package file containing the first fragment data by downloading and parsing the object table file, so as to complete video playing.
The technical scheme of the embodiment includes that an initial video is obtained from a content distribution network, the initial video is sliced according to a preset time length to obtain at least one piece of first slice data, a proper preset length is determined to perform second slicing on the data based on the byte number of a maximum transmission unit, the maximum byte number of an internet interconnection protocol header file, the maximum byte number of a user datagram protocol header file and a reserved byte number, each piece of first slice data is sliced according to the preset length to obtain at least one piece of second slice data, further, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to each piece of first slice data are determined according to the video header file, the audio header file and each piece of first slice data of the video data, a target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data is constructed according to the video header file and the audio header file corresponding to each piece of first slice data, so that the first piece of data in each piece of target packet file can be played independently, a target packet file identifier is distributed, a target packet identifier is constructed according to the video header file identifier corresponding to achieve the effect that the transmission of a plurality of pieces of the target packet can be played independently, and the problem that the transmission efficiency of the video packet cannot be distributed in the network is solved, and the transmission efficiency of the network is improved.
EXAMPLE III
This embodiment is an alternative to the above embodiments, and the explanation of the same or corresponding terms as those in the above embodiments will not be repeated herein.
The video slicing method related to the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. publisher (a back-end service of the live sharing system) pulls the original FLV video stream (original video) from the CDN.
The publishing is a backend service in a live P2P (Peer to Peer) system, and is responsible for dividing an original FLV video stream in the CDN into segments according to a certain rule, and may assign an identifier (e.g., a monotonically increasing sequence number) to each segment.
2. The Publisher parses Tag files within the FLV video stream, caches video sequence headers (video header files for video data), audio sequence headers (audio header files for audio data), and audio and video tags.
3. When the video duration of the Publisher buffer exceeds a preset duration (e.g., 1 second), the slicing logic is started.
4. The video data (first slice data) with a preset duration is used as a continuous memory with a certain length, and the preset length (such as N bytes) is used as a slice unit.
Specifically, each slice unit of data may be assigned a consecutive self-increasing sequence number, which may start from 0, so that a series of video data (second slice data) of a preset length that may be obtained form the video data portion (each second slice data) of the target packet file.
Alternatively, the preset length may be determined based on the following manner:
N＝MTU-MAX_IP_HEADER_LENGTH-MAX_UDP_HEADER_LENGTH-M
wherein, N represents the preset LENGTH, MTU represents the byte number of the maximum transmission unit, MAX _ IP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum byte number of the Internet interconnection protocol HEADER file, MAX _ UDP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum byte number of the user datagram protocol HEADER file, and M represents the reserved byte number.
For example, according to the actual requirement, the parameters in the above formula can be determined as follows: MTU =1500, max _ip _header _length =60, max _udp _header _length =8, m ∈ [32,128].
5. Generating target header information in front of the video data portion (second slice data) for each target packet file, the target header information may include the following:
the video data part comprises how many slice units (the number of the second slice data), the number of the start slice of the target package file (the start identifier of the second slice data), the total byte number of the target package file (the storage capacity of the target package file), the video sequence header and the audio sequence header corresponding to the video data in the target package file, and whether the target package file contains the key frame.
It should be noted that the target packet header information may further include other information obtained from the video data portion of the target packet file, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
6. After determining the target packet header file and the video data part of the target packet file, packaging to generate the target packet file, and assigning an identifier (target packet file identifier) to the target packet file, where the identifier may be a consecutive number, and the number may start from 1.
7. And adding the identifier corresponding to the generated target package file into the target table file, wherein the content of the target table file can select a JSON format.
The number of identifiers of the target package file stored in the target package file may be a fixed number (for example, 30). The object table file may also contain the following: the current latest identification of the object package file (first object identification), and the latest identification of the object package file (second object identification) containing the key frame data.
8. After the target package file and the target table file are generated, the target package file is stored in a disk-dropping mode, and then the target table file is stored in a disk-dropping mode and is provided for back-source distribution of the CDN.
Therefore, the situation that the user fails to access the target package file when the user takes the identifier of the latest target package file in the target list file can be avoided.
9. According to the mode, the FLV video stream is continuously cut into a series of target package files by taking the preset duration as a cycle.
It is to be noted that the data size of the package files thus sliced is enormous, and if the package files are sliced all the time without deleting old package files, the storage system is burdensome. In a live application scenario, the user is usually interested in the latest video data, so that the older package files can be deleted to save storage overhead (e.g., delete the package files 1 minute ago, etc.).
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the index information is provided for the current latest target package file by introducing the target table file, and the playing end can obtain the latest target package file containing the video data by downloading and analyzing the target table file so as to complete playing. By introducing the target package file to properly package a part of slice data, the situation that small slice data are directly used as CDN (content delivery network) delivery resources is avoided, and the CDN delivery efficiency is improved. And the transmission of P2P is facilitated by segmenting the Tag according to the preset length. In addition, the object header file of each object package file contains the video sequence header and the audio sequence header of the video data, so that the video data corresponding to the object package file can be played independently.
According to the technical scheme, the video file is sliced twice according to the preset time length and the preset length, the slice data of each preset length in the preset time length is packaged to obtain the target package file, and the corresponding target table file is configured for the target package file, so that the problems of low distribution efficiency and low sharing rate in the process of transmitting the video file are solved, twice slicing is achieved, the distribution efficiency of the video file on a content distribution network is improved, and the technical effect of file sharing efficiency is improved.
Example four
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a video slicing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus including: a first slice data acquisition module 310, a second slice data acquisition module 320 and an object package file generation module 330.
The first slicing data obtaining module 310 is configured to slice an initial video according to a preset duration to obtain at least one first slicing data; the second slice data acquiring module 320 is configured to slice each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data; an object package file generating module 330, configured to construct object packet header information of an object package file corresponding to each first slice data, and generate the object package file corresponding to each first slice data based on each second slice data and the object packet header information; the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file includes at least one of key frame data.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the target table file constructing module is used for distributing a target package file identifier for the target package file and constructing the target table file according to the target package file identifier.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the target table file expansion module is used for determining a first target identifier of a latest target package file in each target package file corresponding to the target table file and/or a second target identifier containing key frame data in each target package file based on the target table file; and adding the first target identifier and/or the second target identifier to the target table file.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the distribution playing module is used for acquiring the target package file based on a content distribution network; transmitting and acquiring each second slice data in the target package file based on a user datagram protocol channel; and acquiring the target table file, analyzing the target table file, and determining a target package file corresponding to the target table file so as to play a video corresponding to the target package file.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the preset length determining module is used for determining the preset length based on the byte number of the maximum transmission unit, the maximum byte number of the internet interconnection protocol header file, the maximum byte number of the user datagram protocol header file and the reserved byte number.
Optionally, the preset length determining module is further configured to determine the preset length based on the following formula:
N＝MTU-MAX_IP_HEADER_LENGTH-MAX_UDP_HEADER_LENGTH-M
wherein, N represents the preset LENGTH, MTU represents the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit, MAX _ IP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum number of bytes of the internetworking protocol HEADER file, MAX _ UDP _ HEADER _ LENGTH represents the maximum number of bytes of the user datagram protocol HEADER file, and M represents the reserved number of bytes.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the system comprises an initial video acquisition module, a content distribution module and a video acquisition module, wherein the initial video acquisition module is used for acquiring the initial video from a content distribution network, and the initial video comprises video data and audio data; correspondingly, the object package file generating module 330 is further configured to determine, according to the video header file of the video data, the audio header file of the audio data, and the first slice data, the video header file and the audio header file corresponding to the first slice data; and constructing target packet header information of a target package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data according to the video head file and the audio head file corresponding to each piece of first slice data.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the initial video is sliced according to the preset duration to obtain at least one piece of first slice data, each piece of first slice data is sliced according to the preset length to obtain at least one piece of second slice data, so that two-layer slicing processing is carried out on the initial video, further, target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data is constructed, and a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data is generated based on each piece of second slice data and the target packet header information, wherein the target packet header information comprises the number of the second slice data, a starting identifier of the second slice data, the storage capacity of the target packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file contains at least one of key frame data or not, so that the problems of low distribution efficiency and low sharing rate in video file transmission are solved, twice slicing is realized, the distribution efficiency of the video file on a content distribution network is further improved, and the technical effect of file sharing efficiency is improved.
The video slicing device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the video slicing method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
It should be noted that, the units and modules included in the apparatus are merely divided according to functional logic, but are not limited to the above division as long as the corresponding functions can be implemented; in addition, specific names of the functional units are only for convenience of distinguishing from each other, and are not used for limiting the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary electronic device 40 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention. The electronic device 40 shown in fig. 4 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, electronic device 40 is embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of electronic device 40 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 401, a system memory 402, and a bus 403 that couples various system components including the system memory 402 and the processing unit 401.
The system memory 402 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) 404 and/or cache memory 405. The electronic device 40 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 406 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 4, and commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 4, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to the bus 403 by one or more data media interfaces. System memory 402 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 408 having a set (at least one) of program modules 407 may be stored, for example, in the system memory 402, such program modules 407 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination of which may comprise an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 407 generally perform the functions and/or methodologies of embodiments of the invention as described.
The electronic device 40 may also communicate with one or more external devices 409 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 410, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 40, and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the electronic device 40 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through input/output (I/O) interfaces 411. Also, the electronic device 40 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet) via the network adapter 412. As shown, the network adapter 412 communicates with the other modules of the electronic device 40 over the bus 403. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 4, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 40, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
The processing unit 401 executes various functional applications and data processing, such as implementing a video slicing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, by running a program stored in the system memory 402.
EXAMPLE six
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, which when executed by a computer processor, perform a video slicing method, the method including:
slicing the initial video according to a preset time length to obtain at least one first slice data;
slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data;
constructing target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data, and generating the target packet file corresponding to each piece of first slice data based on each piece of second slice data and the target packet header information;
the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target package file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target package file, and whether the target package file contains at least one of key frame data.
Computer storage media for embodiments of the present invention may take the form of any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for embodiments of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of video slicing, comprising:
slicing the initial video according to a preset time length to obtain at least one first slice data;
the initial video is a live video stream;
slicing each first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one second slice data;
the preset length is the maximum byte number allowed to be transmitted and determined based on the byte number of the maximum transmission unit;
constructing target packet header information of a target packet file corresponding to each first slice data, and generating the target packet file corresponding to each first slice data based on each second slice data and the target packet header information;
the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file includes at least one of key frame data;
the method also comprises the following steps:
distributing a target package file identifier for the target package file, and constructing a target table file according to the target package file identifier;
determining a first target identifier of a latest target package file in each target package file corresponding to the target list file and/or a second target identifier containing key frame data in each target package file based on the target list file;
adding the first target identifier and/or the second target identifier to the target table file;
acquiring the target package file based on a content distribution network;
acquiring each second slice data in the target package file based on user datagram protocol channel transmission;
and acquiring the target table file, analyzing the target table file, and determining a corresponding target package file according to the first target identifier and/or the second target identifier so as to play a video corresponding to the target package file.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
the preset length is determined based on the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit, the maximum number of bytes of the internet interconnection protocol header file, the maximum number of bytes of the user datagram protocol header file and the reserved number of bytes.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the predetermined length based on a maximum number of bytes of the maximum transfer unit, a maximum number of bytes of the internetworking protocol header file, a maximum number of bytes of the user datagram protocol header file and a reserved number of bytes comprises:
the preset length is determined based on the following formula:
N=MTU - MAX_IP_HEADER_LENGTH - MAX_UDP_HEADER_LENGTH - M
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nthe length of the preset length is represented by,MTUrepresents the number of bytes of the maximum transmission unit,MAX_IP_HEADER_ LENGTHrepresenting a maximum number of bytes of the internetworking protocol header file,MAX_UDP_HEADER_LENGTHrepresents a maximum number of bytes of the user datagram protocol header file,Mindicating the reserved byte number.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising, before the slicing the initial video according to the preset duration:
acquiring the initial video from a content distribution network, wherein the initial video comprises video data and audio data;
the constructing of the target packet header information of the target packet file corresponding to each piece of the first slice data includes:
determining a video head file and an audio head file corresponding to each first slice data according to the video head file of the video data, the audio head file of the audio data and each first slice data;
and constructing target packet header information of a target package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data according to the video head file and the audio head file corresponding to each piece of first slice data.
5. A video slicing apparatus, comprising:
the first slice data acquisition module is used for slicing the initial video according to a preset time length to obtain at least one first slice data;
the initial video is a live video stream;
the second slice data acquisition module is used for slicing each piece of first slice data according to a preset length to obtain at least one piece of second slice data;
the preset length is the maximum byte number allowed to be transmitted, which is determined based on the byte number of the maximum transmission unit;
the object package file generating module is used for constructing object package header information of an object package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data and generating the object package file corresponding to each piece of first slice data based on each piece of second slice data and the object package header information;
the target packet header information includes the number of the second slice data, a start identifier of the second slice data, a storage capacity of the target packet file, a video header file and an audio header file corresponding to the target packet file, and whether the target packet file includes at least one of key frame data;
the object table file construction module is used for distributing an object package file identifier for the object package file and constructing an object table file according to the object package file identifier;
the target table file expansion module is used for determining a first target identifier of a latest target package file in each target package file corresponding to the target table file and/or a second target identifier containing latest key frame data in each target package file based on the target table file; adding the first target identifier and/or the second target identifier to the target table file;
the distribution playing module is used for acquiring the target package file based on a content distribution network; transmitting and acquiring each second slice data in the target package file based on a user datagram protocol channel; and acquiring the target table file, analyzing the target table file, and determining a corresponding target package file according to the first target identifier and/or the second target identifier so as to play a video corresponding to the target package file.
6. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
one or more processors;
a storage device to store one or more programs,
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the video slicing method of any of claims 1-4.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the video slicing method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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