CN113107452B - Centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment - Google Patents

Centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113107452B
CN113107452B CN202110282095.0A CN202110282095A CN113107452B CN 113107452 B CN113107452 B CN 113107452B CN 202110282095 A CN202110282095 A CN 202110282095A CN 113107452 B CN113107452 B CN 113107452B
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sand
plc
pry
fracturing
liquid
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CN113107452A (en
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董方正
马双富
李水华
余俊勇
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Sichuan Honghua Electric Co ltd
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Sichuan Honghua Electric Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment, which comprises a fracturing well site equipment module, a wireless communication module, a centralized control module and an automatic control module, wherein the fracturing well site equipment module is connected with the wireless communication module; the centralized control module carries out remote centralized control on the fracturing well site equipment through the wireless communication module; the automatic control module designs an automatic operation form and issues the automatic operation form to each PLC of the well site equipment, so that automatic construction of well site operation is realized. The invention adopts a classical PID control algorithm to realize the required constant pressure control, constant liquid level control and the like, and realizes the automatic control of sand conveying, automatic control of liquid supply, automatic discharge distribution and automatic mixing and liquid supplementing control by designing the linkage logic of equipment; through remote centralized control over the equipment, the problems of personnel dispersion, redundancy and the like are effectively solved, and the controllability, stability, operation simplicity and timeliness of the equipment are improved; the production operation cost is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field fracturing, in particular to a centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment.
Background
In the field of oil and gas field fracturing, the oil and gas field fracturing relates to a plurality of well site equipment, such as generating set, fracturing pump, mud processing system air compressor unit, top drive, sand tank, water pitcher and muddy sand sled etc. especially along with social's progress and drilling process's development, well site equipment is constantly upgraded and updated, its kind is more and more. In the drilling process, in order to ensure the normal operation of each fracturing well site device, the operation of the well site device is very complicated; some equipment is inevitable to have certain faults in the using process, the fault reason cannot be predicted and evaluated according to the fault information, the equipment needs to be shut down and disassembled for inspection in the field, the fault reason cannot be judged quickly and accurately, and the construction efficiency is affected. In the current shale gas fracturing industry in China, the control of equipment and process parameters is limited to local control, communication usually depends on intercom and other communication equipment, and the equipment does not have linkage relation; the operation response enthusiasm of well site construction operation is poor, and information asymmetry is easy to occur; each device is independent and dispersed, more personnel need to be distributed, the personnel are dispersed, the command response is poor, and the operation among the devices is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a centralized control system for fracturing well site equipment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment comprises a fracturing well site equipment module, a wireless communication module, a centralized control module and an automatic control module; the centralized control module is connected with the fracturing well site equipment module through the wireless communication module, so that remote centralized control over fracturing well site equipment is realized; the automatic control module is connected with the centralized control module, so that the automatic control of the operation of the fracturing well site equipment is realized.
Further, the fracturing wellsite equipment module includes wellsite equipment and a PLC coupled to the wellsite equipment for controlling operation of the wellsite equipment.
Furthermore, the well site equipment comprises a buffer tank, a water tank, a manifold, a mixing pry, a sand tank, a sand mixing pry, a liquid supply pry, a sand truck, a low-pressure manifold a, a low-pressure manifold b, a fracturing pump set and a high-pressure manifold; the mixing pry is respectively connected with the buffer tank, the water tank and the sand mixing pry, the buffer tank is used for injecting clear water into the mixing pry, and the mixing pry is used for injecting specified liquid into the water tank and continuously preparing liquid into the sand mixing pry; the sand truck is connected with the sand mixing pry through a sand tank and is used for supplying sand into the sand mixing pry; the water tank is respectively connected with the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry through a manifold and is used for supplying liquid to the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry; the sand mixing skid is connected with a fracturing pump set through a low-pressure manifold 1 and used for providing sand mixing liquid for the fracturing pump set; the liquid supply pry is connected with the fracturing pump set through the low-pressure manifold 2 and used for supplying liquid to the fracturing pump set.
Further, the PLC comprises a secondary water supply PLC, a water tank PLC, a mixing pry PLC, a sand tank PLC, a sand mixing PLC, a liquid supply pry PLC and a fracturing pump PLC, and the secondary water supply PLC is arranged in the buffer tank and used for controlling the buffer tank to supply water; the water tank PLC is arranged on the water tank and used for controlling the water tank to supply water; the PLC is arranged on the mixing pry and is used for controlling the mixing pry to mix the liquid and supply the liquid; the sand tank PLC is arranged on the sand tank and used for controlling sand supply of the sand tank; the sand mulling PLC is arranged on the sand mulling skid and used for mixing and configuring sand and liquid and controlling output of the mulling; the liquid supply pry PLC is arranged on the liquid supply pry and is used for controlling the liquid supply pry to supply liquid; and the fracturing pump PLC is arranged on the fracturing pump set and used for controlling the output of the fracturing pump.
Furthermore, the centralized control module comprises a mixed liquid preparation module, a sand mixing and conveying module and a centralized control PLC, wherein the mixed liquid preparation module is linked with a mixed pry and a water tank and is used for controlling automatic liquid supplement and preparation of equipment; the sand mulling and conveying module is linked with the water tank, the sand tank and the sand mulling pry and is used for controlling equipment to mulling and conveying sand; the centralized control PLC is arranged on the well and used for performing centralized control on fracturing well site equipment.
Furthermore, the wireless communication module is connected with the centralized control PLC and each sub-control PLC through the Ethernet, so that centralized control over the fracturing equipment is realized.
Furthermore, the automatic control module designs a pump injection operation table and issues data in the operation table to the corresponding PLC; and then, the PLC operates according to the data of the operation table, so that the automatic control of the operation of the fracturing well site equipment is realized.
Further, the job table data can be adjusted in real time, thereby changing the automated execution policy.
The fracturing well site equipment monitoring system further comprises an upper computer terminal, wherein the upper computer terminal is connected with the centralized control PLC and each sub-control PLC through a wireless communication module and is used for centralized control, sub-control, data analysis and data storage management of fracturing well site equipment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method adopts a classical PID control algorithm to realize required constant pressure control, constant liquid level control and the like, and realizes automatic sand conveying control, automatic liquid supply control, automatic discharge distribution and automatic mixing and liquid supplementing control through the linkage logic of a design device; through remote centralized control of the equipment, the problems of personnel dispersion, redundancy and the like are effectively solved, and the controllability, stability, simplicity and timeliness of the equipment are improved; the production operation cost is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a fracturing wellsite equipment module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a blending liquid module of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a sand mulling and delivery module of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a fracture wellsite equipment communication configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a fracturing wellsite primary control strategy of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the upper computer terminal according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a centralized control system of fracturing wellsite equipment comprises a fracturing wellsite equipment module, a wireless communication module, a centralized control module and an automation control module; the centralized control module is connected with the fracturing well site equipment module through the wireless communication module, so that remote centralized control over the fracturing well site equipment is realized; the automatic control module is connected with the centralized control module, so that the automatic control of the operation of the fracturing well site equipment is realized.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the fracturing wellsite equipment module includes wellsite equipment and a PLC coupled to the wellsite equipment for controlling operation of the wellsite equipment.
The well site equipment comprises a buffer tank, a water tank, a manifold, a mixing pry, a sand tank, a sand mixing pry, a liquid supply pry, a sand truck, a low-pressure manifold a, a low-pressure manifold b, a fracturing pump set and a high-pressure manifold; the mixing pry is respectively connected with the buffer tank, the water tank and the sand mixing pry, the buffer tank is used for injecting clear water into the mixing pry, and the mixing pry is used for injecting specified liquid into the water tank and continuously preparing liquid into the sand mixing pry; the sand truck is connected with the sand mulling through the sand tank and used for supplying sand into the sand mulling; the water tank is respectively connected with the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry through a manifold and is used for supplying liquid to the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry; the sand mixing skid is connected with a fracturing pump set through a low-pressure manifold 1 and used for providing sand mixing liquid for the fracturing pump set; the liquid supply pry is connected with the fracturing pump set through the low-pressure manifold 2 and used for supplying liquid to the fracturing pump set.
The PLC comprises a secondary water supply PLC, a water tank PLC, a mixing pry PLC, a sand tank PLC, a sand mixing PLC, a liquid supply pry PLC and a fracturing pump PLC, and the secondary water supply PLC is arranged in the buffer tank and used for controlling water supply of the buffer tank; the water tank PLC is arranged on the water tank and used for controlling the water tank to supply water; the PLC is arranged on the mixing pry and is used for controlling the mixing pry to mix the liquid and supply the liquid; the sand tank PLC is arranged on the sand tank and used for controlling sand supply of the sand tank; the sand mulling PLC is arranged on the sand mulling pry and used for mixing and configuring sand and liquid and controlling output of the mulling; the liquid supply pry PLC is arranged on the liquid supply pry and is used for controlling the liquid supply pry to supply liquid; and the fracturing pump PLC is arranged on the fracturing pump set and used for controlling the output of the fracturing pump.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the centralized control module includes a fluid mixing and distributing module, a sand mixing and transporting module, and a centralized control PLC, where the fluid mixing and distributing module is linked with a mixing pry and a water tank, and is used to control automatic fluid replenishment and fluid distribution of equipment; the sand mulling and conveying module is linked with the water tank, the sand tank and the sand mulling pry and used for controlling equipment to mulling and conveying sand; the centralized control PLC is arranged on the well and used for performing centralized control on fracturing well site equipment.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the wireless communication module connects the centralized control PLC and each sub-control PLC through an ethernet to realize centralized control of the fracturing equipment.
The automatic control module designs a pump injection operation table and issues data in the operation table to a corresponding PLC; and then, the PLC operates according to the operation table data to realize the automatic control of the operation of the fracturing well site equipment.
Wherein the job table data can be adjusted in real-time to change an automated execution policy.
The fracturing well site equipment monitoring system further comprises an upper computer terminal, wherein the upper computer terminal is connected with the centralized control PLC and each sub-control PLC through a wireless communication module and is used for centralized control, sub-control, data analysis and data storage management of fracturing well site equipment.
In this embodiment, the automatic control module, by designing the pump injection table and issuing the operation table to the corresponding controller, automatically executes according to the operation table parameters after one-key operation starts, and changes the execution strategy by adjusting the table process parameters in real time, specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: a pump priming program EXCEL table (standard format) is created, which is divided into two tables, ramp and non-ramp.
And 2, step: and opening data acquisition recording software to establish construction, opening the established EXCEL table, and sending the EXCEL table to the sand mixing pry PLC.
And step 3: the software records that the construction is started by clicking, and the automatic operation form is executed (the process can modify the form by manual intervention).
And 4, step 4: and finishing the execution of the table and confirming the finishing of the construction.
The main control strategy of each PLC is shown in fig. 6, and includes: 1) The sand ratio/sand amount is output through the auger rotating speed controlled by the sand mixing PLC, the dry addition/liquid addition pump output is controlled by the sand mixing PLC, the sand type is output through a valve corresponding to the sand tank PLC in linkage control through the sand mixing PLC, and the discharge capacity is controlled by the single pump PLC through the centralized control PLC to control the discharge capacity distribution.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the blending module presets four blending schemes, and when the water tank PLC receives information that the water tank liquid level is low, the water tank PLC sends a liquid level low alarm (alarm with highest priority, and highest current liquid usage identifier) and prompts the water tank to start automatic liquid storage or manual liquid storage.
Wherein the automatic liquid storage comprises:
a) Receiving the liquid storage type of a liquid storage inlet of the water tank;
b) And opening a liquid storage valve of the corresponding water tank.
Wherein the manual reservoir comprises:
a) Manually selecting the stock solution type;
b) And opening a liquid storage valve of the corresponding water tank.
Meanwhile, an alarm of insufficient liquid is sent out, and the blending pry is prompted to start automatic liquid blending or manual liquid blending.
Wherein, the automatic liquid preparation includes:
a) A liquid storage inlet of the control water tank;
b) Opening a liquid storage valve of the water tank and feeding back a signal;
c) Mixing and prying the prepared liquid;
d) Judging whether the liquid level is higher than a target value, and if the liquid level is lower than the target value, continuing to prepare the liquid;
e) If the value is higher than the target value, the liquid supply is stopped.
Wherein, manual liquid of joining in marriage includes:
a) Manually selecting or setting a solution preparation scheme;
b) Opening a liquid storage valve of the water tank and feeding back a signal;
c) Mixing and prying the prepared liquid;
d) Judging whether the liquid level is higher than a target value, and if the liquid level is lower than the target value, continuing to prepare the liquid;
e) If the value is higher than the target value, the liquid supply is stopped.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, in the sand mulling and conveying module, a sand tank is provided with 4 types of sand, a liquid tank is provided with 4 liquid property identifiers, and a mulling input identifier.
Wherein, the control process of the sand mixing and conveying module comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting whether to automatically control;
step 2: if the automatic control is carried out, automatically introducing sand type, sand ratio, sand amount, liquid property, dry addition and liquid addition, and outputting sand type and liquid type; meanwhile, calculating and outputting a dry adding pump and a liquid adding pump;
and 3, step 3: opening a sand conveying valve and feeding back a signal;
and 4, step 4: calculating the sand ratio and outputting the rotating speed of the flood dragon;
and 5: in the sand tank, receiving the sand type output in the step 2, and judging whether the sand ratio is greater than 0; if the sand conveying speed is larger than 0, opening a corresponding sand conveying outlet valve; if the sand conveying outlet valve is smaller than 0, closing the corresponding sand conveying outlet valve;
step 6: and (3) in the water tank, receiving the liquid type output in the step (2), and opening a corresponding water tank liquid supply valve according to the liquid type.
Wherein, in the sand tank, the sand type can be manually selected; in the water tank, the type of stock solution can be selected manually.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the upper computer terminal includes a data interface, an alarm module, a database, a control logic PLC, a state monitoring module, an equipment centralized control module, an equipment sub-control module, and a display interface; the data interface receives the data acquired by the equipment through a unified communication protocol and stores the data into a database; the state monitoring module monitors the state of the equipment through real-time monitoring of data, and gives an alarm when the liquid level is insufficient or too low so as to automatically or manually prepare and supplement liquid; meanwhile, centralized control and sub-control are carried out on the fracturing well site equipment through an equipment centralized control module and an equipment sub-control module; and finally, managing, analyzing and processing the data to form a graphical and digital curve, and displaying the curve on a display interface.
The data acquisition and processing are carried out through multiple protocols and multiple threads, and the centralized control and operation efficiency of the system is improved.
In the embodiment, a reliable control strategy and an integrated operation mode are designed through a centralized control system, reliable local area communication of a well site is established, and the problems of personnel dispersion, information misalignment and the like are solved. Control and management are centralized in a command control center, response speed is improved, architecture is optimized, operation cost is reduced, operation is simplified, and the like.
The invention adopts a classical PID control algorithm to realize the required constant pressure control, constant liquid level control and the like, and realizes the automatic control of sand conveying, automatic control of liquid supply, automatic discharge distribution and automatic mixing and liquid supplementing control by designing the linkage logic of equipment; through remote centralized control of the equipment, the problems of personnel dispersion, redundancy and the like are effectively solved, and the controllability, stability, simplicity and timeliness of the equipment are improved; the production operation cost is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (5)

1. The centralized control system of the fracturing well site equipment is characterized by comprising a fracturing well site equipment module, a wireless communication module, a centralized control module and an automatic control module; the centralized control module is connected with the fracturing well site equipment module through the wireless communication module, so that remote centralized control over the fracturing well site equipment is realized; the automatic control module is connected with the centralized control module to realize automatic control of the operation of fracturing well site equipment;
the fracturing wellsite equipment module comprises wellsite equipment and a PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the PLC is connected with the wellsite equipment and is used for controlling the operation of the wellsite equipment;
the PLC comprises a secondary water supply PLC, a water tank PLC, a mixing pry PLC, a sand tank PLC, a sand mixing PLC, a liquid supply pry PLC and a fracturing pump PLC, and the secondary water supply PLC is arranged in the buffer tank and used for controlling water supply of the buffer tank; the water tank PLC is arranged on the water tank and used for controlling the water tank to supply water; the mixing pry PLC is arranged on the mixing pry and is used for controlling the mixing pry to mix the liquid and supply the liquid; the sand tank PLC is arranged on the sand tank and used for controlling sand supply of the sand tank; the sand mulling PLC is arranged on the sand mulling pry and used for mixing and configuring sand and liquid and controlling output of the mulling; the liquid supply pry PLC is arranged on the liquid supply pry and is used for controlling the liquid supply pry to supply liquid; the fracturing pump PLC is arranged on the fracturing pump set and used for controlling the output of the fracturing pump;
the centralized control module comprises a mixed liquid preparation module, a sand mixing and conveying module and a centralized control PLC (programmable logic controller), wherein the mixed liquid preparation module is linked with a mixing pry and a water tank and is used for controlling automatic liquid supplement and preparation of equipment; the sand mulling and conveying module is linked with the water tank, the sand tank and the sand mulling pry and is used for controlling equipment to mulling and conveying sand; the centralized control PLC is connected with the fracturing pump PLC and is used for performing centralized control on the fracturing pump;
the automatic control module designs a pump injection operation table and issues data in the operation table to a corresponding PLC; and then, the PLC operates according to the data of the operation table, so that the automatic control of the operation of the fracturing well site equipment is realized.
2. The centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment of claim 1, wherein the well site equipment comprises a surge tank, a water tank, a manifold, a blending skid, a sand tank, a sand blending skid, a feed skid, a sand truck, a low pressure manifold a, a low pressure manifold b, a fracturing pump set, and a high pressure manifold; the mixing pry is respectively connected with the buffer tank, the water tank and the sand mixing pry, the buffer tank is used for injecting clear water into the mixing pry, and the mixing pry is used for injecting specified liquid into the water tank and continuously preparing liquid into the sand mixing pry; the sand truck is connected with the sand mulling through the sand tank and used for supplying sand into the sand mulling; the water tank is respectively connected with the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry through a manifold and is used for supplying liquid to the sand mulling pry and the liquid supply pry; the sand mixing pry is connected with the fracturing pump unit through a low-pressure manifold 1 and is used for providing sand mixing liquid for the fracturing pump unit; the liquid supply pry is connected with the fracturing pump set through the low-pressure manifold 2 and used for supplying liquid to the fracturing pump set.
3. The centralized control system of fracturing wellsite equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wireless communication module connects the centralized control PLC with each sub-control PLC through ethernet to realize centralized control of the fracturing equipment.
4. The centralized control system of fracturing wellsite equipment of claim 1, wherein the operational table data is adjustable in real time to alter automated execution strategies.
5. The centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment according to claim 1, further comprising an upper computer terminal, wherein the upper computer terminal is connected with the centralized control PLC and each sub-control PLC through a wireless communication module, and is used for centralized control, sub-control, data analysis and data storage management of the fracturing well site equipment.
CN202110282095.0A 2021-03-16 2021-03-16 Centralized control system of fracturing well site equipment Active CN113107452B (en)

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