CN113009436A - Spatial angular position parameter calibration method - Google Patents
Spatial angular position parameter calibration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113009436A CN113009436A CN202110209220.5A CN202110209220A CN113009436A CN 113009436 A CN113009436 A CN 113009436A CN 202110209220 A CN202110209220 A CN 202110209220A CN 113009436 A CN113009436 A CN 113009436A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
- G01S7/4052—Means for monitoring or calibrating by simulation of echoes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
- G01S5/021—Calibration, monitoring or correction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of space positioning, and particularly discloses a method for calibrating parameters of a space angular position, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, simulating the speed of the moving target by the scatterer simulation source to be calibrated, and directly accessing the radio frequency signal output by the signal source to the scatterer simulation source through a trench radio frequency cable of a microwave darkroom to form a reflected space radiation signal; s2, establishing a receiving antenna group in array distribution, receiving a space radiation signal of a scatterer analog source, and performing frequency shift processing on the received radio frequency signal; s3, amplifying the radiation signal by using a time delay measuring device, and performing phase measurement after the radiation signal is down-converted to an intermediate frequency signal to obtain a rising edge envelope curve; s4, calculating and analyzing the measurement result by using calibration software carried by an industrial personal computer, and automatically measuring the time from the center position of the rising edge envelope curve to the middle position of the rising edge of the synchronous signal, wherein the time minus the initial delay is the delay value of the system to be measured; and S5, automatically calibrating according to the calculation result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of space positioning, in particular to a method for calibrating space angular position parameters.
Background
At present, special measuring equipment comprises a scatterer analog source, a radiation source, a target array and a feed system, a calibration method is provided for some conventional technical indexes, but the requirements for some technical indexes are high, and a reliable measurement calibration method reference is lacked. At present, aiming at two test items of target distance and pulse repetition period, time interval measurement is carried out on a pulse modulation signal, the common method is that the pulse modulation signal is sent into a detector for detection and then input into an oscilloscope, a pulse signal with a smooth rising edge is obtained, and the measurement is finished by comparing the time interval of the rising edge.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for calibrating parameters of spatial angular position, which solves the above problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for calibrating spatial angular position parameters comprises the following specific steps:
s1, simulating the speed of the moving target by the scatterer simulation source to be calibrated, and directly accessing the radio frequency signal output by the signal source to the scatterer simulation source through a trench radio frequency cable of a microwave darkroom to form a reflected space radiation signal;
s2, establishing a receiving antenna group in array distribution, arranging and distributing the receiving antenna group according to a triple layout form, receiving a space radiation signal of a scatterer simulation source by using the receiving antenna group, performing frequency shift processing on the received radio frequency signal, completing Doppler frequency offset simulation of a radar echo signal, and acquiring a space angle position parameter to be calibrated;
s3, amplifying the radiation signal by using a time delay measuring device, and performing phase measurement after the radiation signal is down-converted to an intermediate frequency signal to obtain a rising edge envelope curve;
s4, calculating and analyzing the measurement result by using calibration software carried by an industrial personal computer, and automatically measuring the time from the center position of the rising edge envelope curve to the middle position of the rising edge of the synchronous signal, wherein the time minus the initial delay is the delay value of the system to be measured;
and S5, automatically calibrating according to the calculation result.
Preferably, in step S1, a high-stability oscillation locked by an atomic clock is used as the signal source.
Preferably, in step S2, the specific array arrangement manner of the receiving antenna group is as follows: 319 radio frequency radiation units are arranged into an array, every three radio frequency radiation units in the array are arranged according to an equilateral triangle to form a sub-array, a triple is defined, and the target analog signal is formed by spatially synthesizing signals radiated by three adjacent units on the array.
Preferably, in step S3, the delay measuring device is composed of a time interval generator, a down-conversion module, a high-speed acquisition module, and a signal processing module, and each module is used for performing signal processing, specifically:
s31, generating two paths of synchronous signals by a time interval generator, synchronously triggering a signal source by one path of synchronous signal, and sending the other path of synchronous signal to a high-speed acquisition module for acquisition as a reference signal for time delay measurement;
s32, the signal source is used as an excitation signal to generate a pulse modulation signal required by the calibrated system, and the pulse modulation signal is sent to the scatterer analog source to obtain a reflected space radiation signal;
s33, converting the received signals to intermediate frequency signals within a bandwidth range and an amplitude range which can be achieved by the high-speed acquisition module through the down-conversion module;
s34, completing signal sampling by the high-speed acquisition module in a high sampling rate mode, performing distortion-free A/D conversion on the pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal, and converting the required pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal into discrete digital quantity;
and S35, accurately extracting the pulse signal envelope by the signal processing component to form a steep rising edge envelope curve and obtain a smooth and low-jitter pulse edge.
Preferably, in step S31, the time interval between the two paths of synchronization signals generated by the time interval generator can be set arbitrarily, and is used to convert the millisecond delay to the microsecond delay.
Preferably, the high-speed acquisition module comprises an a/D conversion module, a sampling clock module and a digital storage module, and the specific working mode is as follows: the measured signal is transmitted to the front-end amplifier after passing through the coupling circuit and is converted into a voltage range which can be received by the ADC, the sampling and holding circuit divides the signal into independent sampling levels according to a fixed sampling rate, the A/D conversion module converts the sampling levels into digital sampling points, and the signal is stored in a digital form.
Preferably, the device further comprises a calibration device, wherein the calibration device comprises a precision calibration turntable, an angular position calibration channel assembly, a vector network analyzer and an industrial personal computer with calibration software, and the specific working mode is as follows: the precise calibration turntable receives an instruction, performs rotation adjustment of azimuth and pitch angle, the receiving antenna receives array radiation signals, the array radiation signals are amplified by the angular position calibration channel assembly and are converted into intermediate frequency signals by down-conversion, the intermediate frequency signals are returned to the vector network analyzer for phase measurement, and measurement results are sent to the industrial personal computer for calculation and analysis of calibration results.
Preferably, the angular position calibration channel assembly is a quad-ridged horn antenna, a single-pole 4-throw microwave switch, a mixer, an intermediate frequency amplifier, and an isolator, wherein: the four-ridge horn antenna is used for receiving the high-frequency signals radiated by the array surface; the single-pole 4-throw microwave switch is used for controlling the measurement mode; the mixer down-converts the signal received by the antenna into an intermediate frequency signal of 70MHz, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to a narrow-band intermediate frequency amplifier for amplification; the intermediate frequency amplifier amplifies the signal and performs matched filtering; the isolator is used for preventing interference between the two received microwave signals, so that the measurement result is inaccurate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the down-conversion of the pulse modulation signal is carried out to below 1GHz, the signal is conditioned, then the signal sampling is completed in a high sampling rate mode, and the smooth and low-jitter pulse edge is accurately obtained by enveloping the pulse signal, so that the high-precision measurement of the time delay is realized.
2. The invention utilizes a scatterer simulation source to simulate the speed of moving hundred marks, and carries out frequency shift processing on a received radio frequency signal to complete the simulation of Doppler frequency offset of a radar echo signal; the method conditions and amplifies received signals, accurately scales each receiving component and each receiving device, establishes a complete traceability chain, and ensures accurate and reliable measurement values.
3. The invention adopts the high sampling rate chip, avoids impulse level noise caused by interval sampling of a plurality of chips and ensures the consistency of high-sampling signals; the whole cost is low, the stability is good, the interference is low, and an accurate calibration measurement result can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the specific components of the calibration device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of a receiving antenna group according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the high speed acquisition module of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the delay measuring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical",
referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for calibrating spatial angular position parameters comprises the following specific steps:
s1, simulating the speed of the moving target by the scatterer simulation source to be calibrated, and directly accessing the radio frequency signal output by the signal source to the scatterer simulation source through a trench radio frequency cable of a microwave darkroom to form a reflected space radiation signal;
s2, establishing a receiving antenna group in array distribution, arranging and distributing the receiving antenna group according to a triple layout form, receiving a space radiation signal of a scatterer simulation source by using the receiving antenna group, performing frequency shift processing on the received radio frequency signal, completing Doppler frequency offset simulation of a radar echo signal, and acquiring a space angle position parameter to be calibrated;
the simulation of the spatial angular position is realized by controlling the synthesized beam of the array antenna, as shown in fig. 2, the specific array arrangement mode of the receiving antenna group is as follows: 319 radio frequency radiation units are arranged into an array, every three radio frequency radiation units in the array are arranged according to an equilateral triangle to form a sub-array, a triple is defined, and a target analog signal is formed by spatially synthesizing signals radiated by three adjacent units on the array; the radiation signals of the triplets are transferred from one triplet to another triplet through the radio frequency switch matrix, the programmable attenuator and the phase shifter, so that the spatial angular position of the target signal is changed.
S3, amplifying the radiation signal by using a time delay measuring device, and performing phase measurement after the radiation signal is down-converted to an intermediate frequency signal to obtain a rising edge envelope curve;
the time delay measuring device is composed of a time interval generator, a down-conversion assembly, a high-speed acquisition module and a signal processing assembly, wherein the assemblies are matched to perform signal processing, and the time delay measuring device specifically comprises the following components:
s31, generating two paths of synchronous signals by a time interval generator, synchronously triggering a signal source by one path of synchronous signal, and sending the other path of synchronous signal to a high-speed acquisition module for acquisition as a reference signal for time delay measurement; the time interval between two paths of synchronous signals generated by the time interval generator can be set arbitrarily and is used for converting millisecond-level time delay into microsecond-level time delay.
S32, the signal source is used as an excitation signal to generate a pulse modulation signal required by the calibrated system, and the pulse modulation signal is sent to the scatterer analog source to obtain a reflected space radiation signal;
s33, converting the received signals to intermediate frequency signals within a bandwidth range and an amplitude range which can be achieved by the high-speed acquisition module through the down-conversion module;
s34, completing signal sampling by the high-speed acquisition module in a high sampling rate mode, performing distortion-free A/D conversion on the pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal, and converting the required pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal into discrete digital quantity; the high-speed acquisition module comprises an A/D conversion module, a sampling clock module and a digital storage module, and the specific working mode is as follows: the measured signal is sent to a front-end amplifier after passing through a coupling circuit and is converted into a voltage range which can be received by an ADC (analog to digital converter), a sampling and holding circuit divides the signal into independent sampling levels according to a fixed sampling rate, an A/D (analog to digital) conversion module converts the sampling levels into digital sampling points, and the signal is stored in a digital form; and the chip with the sampling rate of 5GS/s is adopted, so that impact level noise caused by interval sampling of a plurality of chips is avoided, and the consistency of high-sampling signals is ensured.
And S35, accurately extracting the pulse signal envelope by the signal processing component to form a steep rising edge envelope curve and obtain a smooth and low-jitter pulse edge.
S4, calculating and analyzing the measurement result by using calibration software carried by an industrial personal computer, and automatically measuring the time from the center position of the rising edge envelope curve to the middle position of the rising edge of the synchronous signal, wherein the time minus the initial delay is the delay value of the system to be measured;
s5, automatically calibrating according to the calculation result: measuring the phase difference of the signals, calculating to obtain a spatial angular position, and completing automatic calibration by the calibration device under the control of calibration software.
Still include calibrating device, calibrating device includes accurate calibration revolving stage, angular position calibration channel subassembly, vector network analyzer and has the industrial computer of calibration software, and its specific working method is: the precise calibration turntable receives an instruction, performs rotation adjustment of azimuth and pitch angle, the receiving antenna receives array radiation signals, the array radiation signals are amplified by the angular position calibration channel assembly and are converted into intermediate frequency signals by down-conversion, the intermediate frequency signals are returned to the vector network analyzer for phase measurement, and measurement results are sent to the industrial personal computer for calculation and analysis of calibration results.
The angular position calibration channel assembly four-ridged horn antenna, single-pole 4-throw microwave switch, mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier and isolator, wherein: the four-ridge horn antenna is used for receiving the high-frequency signals radiated by the array surface; the single-pole 4-throw microwave switch is used for controlling the measurement mode; the mixer down-converts the signal received by the antenna into an intermediate frequency signal of 70MHz, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to a narrow-band intermediate frequency amplifier for amplification; the intermediate frequency amplifier has the advantages of low cost, high gain and good stability compared with a microwave amplifier, and is easy to perform matched filtering on signals, so that higher sensitivity is obtained; the isolator is used for preventing interference between the two received microwave signals, so that the measurement result is inaccurate.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for calibrating spatial angular position parameters is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
s1, simulating the speed of the moving target by the scatterer simulation source to be calibrated, and directly accessing the radio frequency signal output by the signal source to the scatterer simulation source through a trench radio frequency cable of a microwave darkroom to form a reflected space radiation signal;
s2, establishing a receiving antenna group in array distribution, arranging and distributing the receiving antenna group according to a triple layout form, receiving a space radiation signal of a scatterer simulation source by using the receiving antenna group, performing frequency shift processing on the received radio frequency signal, completing Doppler frequency offset simulation of a radar echo signal, and acquiring a space angle position parameter to be calibrated;
s3, amplifying the radiation signal by using a time delay measuring device, and performing phase measurement after the radiation signal is down-converted to an intermediate frequency signal to obtain a rising edge envelope curve;
s4, calculating and analyzing the measurement result by using calibration software carried by an industrial personal computer, and automatically measuring the time from the center position of the rising edge envelope curve to the middle position of the rising edge of the synchronous signal, wherein the time minus the initial delay is the delay value of the system to be measured;
and S5, automatically calibrating according to the calculation result.
2. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the high-stability article oscillation locked by the atomic clock is used as the signal source.
3. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, the specific array arrangement manner of the receiving antenna group is as follows: 319 radio frequency radiation units are arranged into an array, every three radio frequency radiation units in the array are arranged according to an equilateral triangle to form a sub-array, a triple is defined, and the target analog signal is formed by spatially synthesizing signals radiated by three adjacent units on the array.
4. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the delay measurement apparatus is composed of a time interval generator, a down-conversion module, a high-speed acquisition module, and a signal processing module, and each module performs signal processing in a coordinated manner, specifically:
s31, generating two paths of synchronous signals by a time interval generator, synchronously triggering a signal source by one path of synchronous signal, and sending the other path of synchronous signal to a high-speed acquisition module for acquisition as a reference signal for time delay measurement;
s32, the signal source is used as an excitation signal to generate a pulse modulation signal required by the calibrated system, and the pulse modulation signal is sent to the scatterer analog source to obtain a reflected space radiation signal;
s33, converting the received signals to intermediate frequency signals within a bandwidth range and an amplitude range which can be achieved by the high-speed acquisition module through the down-conversion module;
s34, completing signal sampling by the high-speed acquisition module in a high sampling rate mode, performing distortion-free A/D conversion on the pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal, and converting the required pulse modulation signal and the synchronous signal into discrete digital quantity;
and S35, accurately extracting the pulse signal envelope by the signal processing component to form a steep rising edge envelope curve and obtain a smooth and low-jitter pulse edge.
5. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 4, wherein: in step S31, the time interval between the two paths of synchronization signals generated by the time interval generator can be set arbitrarily, and is used to convert the millisecond-level delay to the microsecond-level delay.
6. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 4, wherein: the high-speed acquisition module comprises an A/D conversion module, a sampling clock module and a digital storage module, and the specific working mode is as follows: the measured signal is transmitted to the front-end amplifier after passing through the coupling circuit and is converted into a voltage range which can be received by the ADC, the sampling and holding circuit divides the signal into independent sampling levels according to a fixed sampling rate, the A/D conversion module converts the sampling levels into digital sampling points, and the signal is stored in a digital form.
7. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 1, wherein: still include calibrating device, calibrating device includes accurate calibration revolving stage, angular position calibration channel subassembly, vector network analyzer and has the industrial computer of calibration software, and its specific working method is: the precise calibration turntable receives an instruction, performs rotation adjustment of azimuth and pitch angle, the receiving antenna receives array radiation signals, the array radiation signals are amplified by the angular position calibration channel assembly and are converted into intermediate frequency signals by down-conversion, the intermediate frequency signals are returned to the vector network analyzer for phase measurement, and measurement results are sent to the industrial personal computer for calculation and analysis of calibration results.
8. A method of spatial angular position parameter calibration according to claim 7, wherein: the angular position calibration channel assembly four-ridged horn antenna, single-pole 4-throw microwave switch, mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier and isolator, wherein: the four-ridge horn antenna is used for receiving the high-frequency signals radiated by the array surface; the single-pole 4-throw microwave switch is used for controlling the measurement mode; the mixer down-converts the signal received by the antenna into an intermediate frequency signal of 70MHz, and sends the intermediate frequency signal to a narrow-band intermediate frequency amplifier for amplification; the intermediate frequency amplifier amplifies the signal and performs matched filtering; the isolator is used for preventing interference between the two received microwave signals, so that the measurement result is inaccurate.
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| CN117491745A (en) * | 2024-01-02 | 2024-02-02 | 中国科学技术大学 | Pulse signal time and charge measurement method and device |
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