CN112993726B - Laser generator, single-cavity fiber laser and multi-cavity fiber laser - Google Patents
Laser generator, single-cavity fiber laser and multi-cavity fiber laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN112993726B CN112993726B CN202110405864.1A CN202110405864A CN112993726B CN 112993726 B CN112993726 B CN 112993726B CN 202110405864 A CN202110405864 A CN 202110405864A CN 112993726 B CN112993726 B CN 112993726B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/081—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof comprising three or more reflectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094076—Pulsed or modulated pumping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1123—Q-switching
- H01S3/117—Q-switching using intracavity acousto-optic devices
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Abstract
The application relates to a laser generator, a single-cavity fiber laser and a multi-cavity fiber laser, wherein the laser generator comprises a pulse seed source for generating pulse laser with preset power; the laser amplification module is connected with the pulse seed source and used for amplifying the laser power of the pulse laser; the laser amplification module comprises a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers which are sequentially connected, and the optical fiber amplifiers sequentially and gradually amplify the laser power of the pulse laser. The invention gradually amplifies the laser power of the pulse laser by sequentially connecting the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers so as to obtain the high-power pulse laser, and has simple and stable structure.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fiber lasers, in particular to a laser generator, a single-cavity fiber laser and a multi-cavity fiber laser.
Background
The research on laser cleaning technology and the development of equipment in China are started late, and basically follow the development of foreign countries, and although some effects are obtained in a short time, the research is generally focused on low-power cleaning below 100 watts, and the difference is clear compared with the difference between the low-power cleaning and the low-power cleaning at foreign countries, so that the number of mature laser cleaning equipment in China is small, the large part of the laser cleaning equipment is still in the laboratory research stage, and the cleaning efficiency and the volatility of the laser cleaning equipment need to be further improved.
With the increasing requirements on processing efficiency, effect and environmental protection in China and some emerging industrial countries, some fields of heavy pollution cleaning, such as acid cleaning of plates, or fields with requirements on precision and efficiency, such as cleaning of tire molds, and the like, an efficient and clean mode is urgently needed to be found for cleaning workpieces, and therefore, the market demand for high-power pulse lasers is also increasing. The fiber pulse laser in the current market limits the improvement of the pulse laser power of the all-fiber structure due to the nonlinearity problem of the fiber and the limitation of the optical structure design. The high-power nanosecond pulse laser is mostly of a solid structure, and the solid structure technology has the defects of complex structure, large size, high cost, poor stability, high maintenance cost and the like due to the particularity of a space structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a laser generator, a single-cavity fiber laser and a multi-cavity fiber laser, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, a high-power nanosecond pulse laser is complex in structure, large in size, high in cost, poor in stability, high in maintenance cost and the like.
In a first aspect, there is provided a laser generator comprising:
the pulse seed source is used for generating pulse laser with preset power;
the laser amplification module is connected with the pulse seed source and used for amplifying the laser power of the pulse laser;
the laser amplification module comprises a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers which are connected in sequence, and the optical fiber amplifiers sequentially amplify the laser power of the pulse laser.
In some embodiments, the pulsed seed source is a dual acousto-optic modulated seed source;
the dual acousto-optic modulating seed source comprises:
the resonant structure comprises a high-reflection grating and a low-reflection grating which are oppositely arranged, and the high-reflection grating and the low-reflection grating are arranged in an enclosing manner to form a resonant cavity;
the intracavity acousto-optic is arranged between the resonant cavities and used for generating first seed pulse laser;
the seed source first pumping source is arranged in the resonant cavity and used for pumping first pumping light of the seed source;
the first seed source coupler is arranged in the resonant cavity and is connected with the acousto-optic source in the cavity and the first seed source pumping source;
the first seed source gain optical fiber is arranged in the resonant cavity and is connected with the first seed source coupler;
the acousto-optic modulator is arranged outside the resonant cavity, is connected with the first gain optical fiber of the seed source and is used for modulating the repetition frequency and the pulse width of the laser output by the resonant cavity to obtain the pulse laser;
the seed source first optical isolator is connected with the acousto-optic modulator and the laser amplification module and used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and transmitting the pulse laser to the laser amplification module;
the feedback light is light reflected by the surface of the object acted by the pulse laser.
In some embodiments, the pulsed seed source comprises:
the semiconductor laser tube modulates a seed source and is used for generating second seed pulse laser;
the seed source second pumping source is used for pumping the seed source second pumping light;
the second seed source coupler is connected with the semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source and the second seed source pump source;
the second seed source gain optical fiber is connected with the second seed source coupler;
and the second optical isolator of the seed source is connected with the second gain optical fiber of the seed source and the laser amplification module and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and transmitting the pulse laser to the laser amplification module.
In some embodiments, the diameters of the cores of the gain fibers in the plurality of fiber amplifiers are gradually increased along the propagation direction of the pulse laser.
In some embodiments, the fiber amplifier comprises:
the first pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the first pump light of the amplifier;
the first coupler of the amplifier is connected with a pulse seed source or a previous-stage optical fiber amplifier and is connected with a first pumping source of the amplifier;
the first gain optical fiber of the amplifier is connected with the first coupler of the amplifier;
a first mode stripper of an amplifier connected to the first gain fiber of the amplifier, for removing cladding light of a fiber that transmits the pulse laser;
and the first optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the first stripper of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
In some embodiments, the fiber amplifier comprises:
the second mode stripper of the amplifier is connected with the pulse seed source or the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber transmitting the pulse laser;
the second gain optical fiber of the amplifier is connected with the second stripper of the amplifier;
the second pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the second pump light of the amplifier;
the second coupler of the amplifier is connected with the second pump source of the amplifier and the second gain fiber of the amplifier;
and the second optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the second coupler of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
In some embodiments, the fiber amplifier comprises:
the amplifier third pumping source is used for pumping the amplifier third pumping light;
an amplifier third gain fiber;
the third coupler of the amplifier is used for being connected with the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier or the pulse seed source and is connected with the third pumping source of the amplifier and the third gain optical fiber of the amplifier;
the fourth pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the fourth pump source of the amplifier;
the fourth coupler of the amplifier is connected with the fourth pumping source of the amplifier and the third gain fiber of the amplifier;
the third mode stripper of the amplifier is connected with the fourth coupler of the amplifier and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber for transmitting the pulse laser;
and the third optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the third stripper of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
In a second aspect, a single-cavity fiber laser is provided, which comprises a laser output module and the laser generator as described above, wherein the laser output module is connected with a laser amplification module of the laser generator.
In a third aspect, a multi-cavity fiber laser is provided, which comprises a laser output module, a laser beam combining module and a plurality of laser generators as described above;
the laser beam combining module is connected with the laser generators and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the laser generators;
the laser output module is connected with the laser beam combining module and used for outputting the pulse laser after the laser beam combining module combines the beams.
In some embodiments, the laser beam combining module comprises:
the laser beam combiner is connected with the laser generators and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the laser generators;
and the beam combining and stripping device is connected with the laser beam combiner and the laser output module and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber for transmitting the pulse laser.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes: the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers are connected in sequence to gradually amplify the laser power of the pulse laser so as to obtain the pulse laser with high power, and the structure is simple and stable.
The embodiment of the application provides a laser generator, single chamber fiber laser and multicavity fiber laser, because a plurality of fiber amplifier that connect gradually produce low-power pulse laser to the pulse seed source and enlarge step by step, consequently, can obtain the pulse laser of high power to simple structure is stable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser generator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse seed source according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse seed source according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber amplifier according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-cavity fiber laser according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-cavity fiber laser according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-cavity fiber laser according to another embodiment of the present application.
In the figure: 10. a laser generator; 1. a pulsed seed source; 11. a dual acousto-optic modulation seed source; 111. high-reflection grating; 112. a seed source first pumping source; 113. a seed source first coupler; 114. a seed source first gain fiber; 115. acousto-optic in the cavity; 116. a low-reflection grating; 117. an acousto-optic modulator; 118. a seed source first optical isolator; 121. modulating a seed source by a semiconductor laser tube; 122. a seed source second pumping source; 123. a seed source second coupler; 124. a seed source second gain fiber; 125. a seed source second optical isolator; 2. a laser amplification module; 21. an optical fiber amplifier; 211. a first pump source of the amplifier; 212. an amplifier first coupler; 213. an amplifier first gain fiber; 214. a first mode stripper of the amplifier; 215. an amplifier first opto-isolator; 221. a second mode stripper of the amplifier; 222. an amplifier second gain fiber; 223. an amplifier second coupler; 224. a second pump source of the amplifier; 225. an amplifier second optical isolator; 231. a third pump source of the amplifier; 232. an amplifier third coupler; 233. an amplifier third gain fiber; 234. an amplifier fourth coupler; 235. a fourth pump source of the amplifier; 236. a third stripper of the amplifier; 237. an amplifier third optical isolator; 3. a laser output module; 4. a laser beam combining module; 41. a laser beam combiner; 42. and (5) a beam combining and stripping device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a laser generator, which can solve the problems of complex structure, large volume, high cost, poor stability, high maintenance cost and the like of a high-power nanosecond pulse laser in the related art.
As shown in fig. 1, a laser generator 10 includes:
the pulse seed source 1 is used for generating pulse laser with preset power;
the laser amplification module 2 is connected with the pulse seed source 1 and is used for amplifying the laser power of the pulse laser;
the laser amplification module 2 comprises a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 connected in sequence, and the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 gradually amplify the laser power of the pulse laser in sequence.
Specifically, in this embodiment, one of the limiting elements for increasing the power of the all-fiber structure pulse laser is a nonlinear effect, that is, Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), Stimulated Raman Scattering (SRS), stimulated spontaneous emission (ASE), and the like, generated by the pulse laser during the fiber transmission and amplification process. The method for reducing the nonlinear effect in the embodiment is realized by a multi-stage amplification structure and a gain fiber with a large diameter.
The laser generator 10 comprises a pulse seed source 1 and a laser amplification module 2, wherein the pulse seed source 1 is used for generating pulse laser with preset power, the laser amplification module 2 is connected with the pulse seed source 1, and the laser amplification module 2 amplifies the pulse laser generated by the pulse seed source 1, so that high-power pulse laser is obtained.
The laser amplification module 2 comprises a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 which are connected in sequence, wherein a first-stage amplifier is directly connected with the pulse seed source 1, and then a second-stage amplifier, a third-stage amplifier and the like are sequentially connected with one another, because the hardware of the optical fiber amplifier 21 is limited, the power amplified by only using a single optical fiber amplifier 21 is limited, the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 sequentially and gradually amplify the laser power of the pulse laser, wherein the fiber core diameters of the gain optical fibers in the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 gradually increase step by step, and finally the power to be amplified is achieved. The pulse laser generated by the pulse seed source 1 passes through the multi-stage fiber amplifier 21 to obtain the nanosecond pulse laser with single-cavity power of 500-.
In the present invention, a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers 21 are connected in sequence to gradually amplify the laser power of the pulse laser, so as to obtain a high-power pulse laser. Compared with a nanosecond pulse laser with a solid structure, the nanosecond pulse laser with the solid structure obtains high-power pulse laser through reflection between lenses with a space structure, is realized through optical fiber welding, needs a small space, can reduce oscillation, and is simple and stable in structure.
Optionally, in other embodiments of the present application, the pulsed laser to achieve low pulse repetition rate, narrow nanosecond pulse width, depends on the design of the pulsed seed source. The pulse seed source 1 can be set as a double acousto-optic modulation seed source 11, the modulation pulse repetition frequency range of which can reach 1kHz-150kHz, and the pulse full width at half maximum (FWHM) range of which can reach 5ns-350 ns.
As shown in fig. 2, the dual acousto-optic modulated seed source 11 includes a high reflectivity grating 111, a low reflectivity grating 116, an intracavity acousto-optic 115, a first pump source 112 of the seed source, a first coupler 113 of the seed source, a first gain fiber 114 of the seed source, an acousto-optic modulator 117, and a first optical isolator 118 of the seed source.
The high reflective grating 111 and the low reflective grating 116 are oppositely arranged and surround to form a resonant cavity. The intracavity acousto-optic 115 is arranged between the high reflection grating 111 and the low reflection grating 116 of the resonant cavity and is used for modulating the intracavity laser oscillation to generate 100ns-300ns pulse laser, namely first seed pulse laser. The seed source first pump source 112 is disposed in the resonant cavity and is configured to pump a seed source first pump light. The seed source first coupler 113 is a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or a pump coupler, the signal end of the high reflective grating 111 is connected to the signal fiber of the seed source first coupler 113, the signal end of the high reflective grating 111 and the seed source first coupler 113 may also be placed outside the high reflective grating 111, or the signal end of the high reflective grating 111 and the seed source first coupler 113 may also be placed behind the seed source first gain fiber 114, that is, placed in a reverse pumping manner. A first seed source coupler 113 is disposed in the resonant cavity and is connected to the acousto-optic 115 in the cavity and the first seed source pump 112. A first seed source gain fiber 114 is disposed in the cavity and connected to the first seed source coupler 113. Wherein, the seed source first gain fiber 114 is a double-clad or single-clad gain fiber with a small fiber core, and the diameter of the fiber core is 6-10 μm.
The seed source first coupler 113 couples the seed source first pump light pumped by the seed source first pump source 112 into the seed source first gain optical fiber 114, and couples the first seed pulse laser generated by the intracavity acousto-optic 115 into the seed source first gain optical fiber 114, and the seed source first gain optical fiber 114 absorbs the seed source first pump light to perform particle transition so as to amplify the first seed pulse laser, and the coupled and amplified laser oscillates in a resonant cavity formed by the high reflective grating 111 and the low reflective grating 116, and is transmitted out from the resonant cavity when a preset condition is reached.
The acousto-optic modulator 117 is disposed outside the resonant cavity, connected to the first gain fiber 114 of the seed source, and configured to modulate the repetition frequency and pulse width of the laser output from the resonant cavity to obtain a pulsed laser. The seed source first optical isolator 118 is connected with the acousto-optic modulator 117 and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and weakening the adverse effect of the feedback light on the pulse seed source, wherein the feedback light is light reflected by the surface of an object acted by the pulse laser. In addition, the first optical isolator 118 of the seed source is further connected to the laser amplification module, so that the obtained pulse laser is transmitted to the laser amplification module, and the pulse laser enters the laser amplification module system for subsequent laser amplification.
The application generates pulse laser through the oscillation of the acousto-optic 115 in the cavity in the resonant cavity, and the structure of the nanosecond pulse laser is simpler compared with that of a solid structure. Meanwhile, the acousto-optic modulator 117 is arranged outside the resonant cavity to modulate the laser repetition frequency and the laser pulse width so as to obtain specific pulse laser in time, and then the obtained specific pulse laser is amplified, so that the laser amplification module has more pertinence.
Alternatively, in further embodiments of the present application, to achieve low pulse repetition rates, the narrow nanosecond pulse width depends on the way the pulse seed source is designed. The pulse seed source can be a semiconductor Laser Diode (LD) modulation seed source, and the electric modulation mode is used for modulating the laser repetition frequency and modulating the laser pulse width to generate seed pulse laser. The modulation pulse repetition frequency range can reach 1kHz-2MHz, and the pulse full width at half maximum (FWHM) range can reach 5ns-600 ns.
As shown in fig. 3, the pulsed seed source 1 includes a semiconductor laser tube modulated seed source 121, a second seed source pump 122, a second seed source coupler 123, a second seed source gain fiber 124, and a second seed source optical isolator 125.
The semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source 121 is configured to generate a second seed pulse laser, and modulate a laser repetition frequency and a laser pulse width in an electrical modulation manner to generate the second seed pulse laser. The semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source 121 may also implement modulation of the waveform. The second seed source coupler 123 is a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or a pump coupler, and the signal end of the semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source 121 is connected to the signal fiber of the second seed source coupler 123. The second seed source coupler 123 is connected to the second seed source gain fiber 124, the second seed source coupler 123 may also be disposed behind the second seed source gain fiber 124, that is, the semiconductor laser tube modulates the second seed source 121 and is connected to the second seed source gain fiber 124, the second seed source coupler 123 is disposed between the second seed source gain fiber 124 and the second seed source optical isolator 125, and the second seed source coupler 123 is connected to the second seed source pump source 122, that is, disposed in a reverse pumping manner.
The seed source second pump source 122 is used for pumping the seed source second pump light, and the seed source second coupler 123 is connected with the seed source second pump source 122. The second seed source coupler 123 couples the second seed source pump light pumped by the second seed source pump 122 into the second seed source gain fiber 124, and amplifies the second seed pulse laser generated by the semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source 121 through the second seed source gain fiber 124.
A seed source second optical isolator 125 is coupled to the seed source second gain fiber 124 for preventing the feedback light from entering the pulsed seed source and for reducing the adverse effects of the feedback light on the pulsed seed source system. In addition, the second optical isolator 125 of the seed source is further connected to the laser amplification module, so that the obtained seed pulse laser is transmitted to the laser amplification module, and the pulse seed laser enters the laser amplification module system for subsequent laser amplification.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, the pump source in the optical fiber amplifier is configured in multiple ways, in this embodiment, the pump source is configured in a positive pump mode, and the pulse laser light to be amplified and the pump light are coupled into the same end of the gain fiber for amplification. As shown in fig. 4, the fiber amplifier 21 includes an amplifier first pump source 211, an amplifier first coupler 212, an amplifier first gain fiber 213, an amplifier first mode stripper 214, and an amplifier first optical isolator 215.
The first amplifier coupler 212 is configured as a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or a coupler, the first amplifier coupler 212 is connected to the pulse seed source or a previous stage of the fiber amplifier, and when the fiber amplifier is a stage of the fiber amplifier directly connected to the pulse seed source, the first amplifier coupler 212 is connected to the pulse seed source. When the fiber amplifier is not a first-stage amplifier, the first amplifier coupler 212 is connected to a previous-stage fiber amplifier.
The amplifier first pump source 211 is for pumping the amplifier first pump light. The first amplifier coupler 212 is connected to the first amplifier pump source 211 and the first amplifier gain fiber 213. The first amplifier coupler 212 couples the first pump light pumped by the first amplifier source 211 into the first amplifier gain fiber 213, and amplifies the pulsed laser generated by the pulsed seed source or the pulsed laser amplified by the previous stage fiber amplifier through the first amplifier gain fiber 213.
The first mode stripper 214 is connected to the first gain fiber 213 and is configured to remove cladding light of the fiber delivering the pulsed laser, the cladding light including residual first pump light of the amplifier and residual light from the device manufacturing process. The first optical isolator 215 of the amplifier is connected to the first stripper 214 of the amplifier for preventing the feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and reducing the adverse effect of the feedback light on the pulse seed source system. The first optical isolator 215 of the amplifier is connected to the next stage of the fiber amplifier or the laser output module.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, the pump source in the optical fiber amplifier is configured in multiple ways, and in this embodiment, the pump source is configured in an inverse pump mode, and the pulse laser and the pump light to be amplified are respectively coupled into two ends of the gain fiber for amplification. As shown in fig. 5, the fiber amplifier 21 includes an amplifier second pump source 224, an amplifier second coupler 223, an amplifier second gain fiber 222, an amplifier second mode stripper 221, and an amplifier second optical isolator 225.
The second mode stripper 221 is connected to a pulse seed source or a previous-stage fiber amplifier, and is used for removing cladding light of a fiber for transmitting pulse laser. When the fiber amplifier is a primary amplifier directly connected to the pulse seed source, the second mode stripper 221 of the amplifier is connected to the pulse seed source. When the optical fiber amplifier is not a first-stage amplifier, the second mode stripper 221 of the amplifier is connected with the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier.
The amplifier second gain fiber 222 is connected to the amplifier second mode stripper 221, and the amplifier second pump source 224 is used for pumping the amplifier second pump light. The amplifier second coupler 223 is configured as a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or coupler, and the amplifier second coupler 223 is coupled to the amplifier second pump source 224 and the amplifier second gain fiber 222. The amplifier second coupler 223 couples the amplifier second pump light pumped by the amplifier second pump source 224 into the amplifier second gain fiber 222, and amplifies the pulsed laser generated by the pulsed seed source or the pulsed laser amplified by the previous stage fiber amplifier through the amplifier second gain fiber 222.
The amplifier second optical isolator 225 is connected to the amplifier second coupler 223 for preventing the feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and reducing the adverse effect of the feedback light on the pulse seed source system. The amplifier second optical isolator 225 is connected to the next-stage fiber amplifier or laser output module.
Optionally, in another embodiment of the present application, the pump source in the fiber amplifier is provided in multiple ways, and in this embodiment, the pump source is set to a positive-negative pump mode. As shown in fig. 6, the optical fiber amplifier 21 includes: an amplifier third pump source 231, an amplifier third gain fiber 233, an amplifier third coupler 232, an amplifier fourth pump source 235, an amplifier fourth coupler 234, an amplifier third stripper 236, and an amplifier third optical isolator 237.
The third coupler 232 is a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or a coupler, the third coupler 232 is connected to the pulse seed source or the previous stage of the fiber amplifier, and when the fiber amplifier is a stage amplifier directly connected to the pulse seed source, the third coupler 232 is connected to the pulse seed source. When the optical fiber amplifier is not a first-stage amplifier, the third coupler 232 of the amplifier is connected with the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier.
The amplifier third pump source 231 is used for pumping the amplifier third pump light, and the amplifier third coupler 232 is connected to the amplifier third pump source 231 and the amplifier third gain fiber 233. The amplifier fourth pump source 235 is for pumping the amplifier fourth pump source 235. The amplifier fourth coupler 234 is configured as a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or coupler, and the amplifier fourth coupler 234 is connected to an amplifier fourth pump source 235 and an amplifier third gain fiber 233.
The third amplifier coupler 232 couples the third pump light pumped by the third amplifier source 231 into the third amplifier gain fiber 233, and the fourth amplifier coupler 234 couples the fourth pump light pumped by the fourth amplifier source 235 into the third amplifier gain fiber 233, so that the third amplifier gain fiber 233 amplifies the pulsed laser generated by the pulsed seed source or the pulsed laser amplified by the previous-stage fiber amplifier.
The third mode stripper 236 is connected to the fourth coupler 234 and removes the cladding light of the fiber that delivers the pulsed laser light. The third optical isolator 237 of the amplifier is connected to the third stripper 236 of the amplifier for preventing the feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and reducing the adverse effect of the feedback light on the system of the pulse seed source. The optical isolator 237 is connected to the next-stage fiber amplifier or laser output module.
The first-stage amplifier in the application can be a single-mode small-fiber-core optical fiber, a double-cladding or single-cladding gain optical fiber with the fiber core diameter of 6-10 microns, pump light is coupled into the gain optical fiber through a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) or a coupler, and the structure can adopt a forward pumping mode, a reverse pumping mode or a forward and reverse pumping mode.
The first-stage or second-stage amplifier in the application can be a multimode optical fiber, the diameter of a fiber core of the gain optical fiber is 10-50 mu m, pumping light is coupled into the gain optical fiber through a coupler, and the structure can adopt a forward pumping mode, a reverse pumping mode or a forward and reverse pumping mode.
The second-stage or third-stage amplifier is a multimode fiber, the diameter of a fiber core of the gain fiber is 50-100 mu m, pump light is coupled into the gain fiber through a coupler, and the structure can adopt a forward pumping mode, a reverse pumping mode or a forward and reverse pumping mode.
The three-stage amplifier is a multimode fiber, the diameter of a fiber core of the gain fiber is 200-400 mu m, pump light is coupled into the gain fiber through a coupler, and the structure can adopt a forward pumping mode, a reverse pumping mode or a forward and reverse pumping mode. After the amplification of this stage, the power of the laser single cavity can reach 500-.
As shown in fig. 7, a single-cavity fiber laser includes a laser output module 3 and a laser generator as described in the above embodiments, and the laser output module 3 is connected to a laser amplification module of the laser generator. After the pulse seed source passes through the multi-stage optical fiber amplifier, nanosecond pulse laser with single-cavity power of 500-.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a multi-cavity fiber laser includes a laser output module 3, a laser beam combining module 4, and a plurality of laser generators 10 as in the above embodiments.
And the laser beam combining module 4 is connected with the plurality of laser generators 10 and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the plurality of laser generators 10. The pulse seed source generates low-power nanosecond pulse laser, the nanosecond pulse laser passes through the optical fiber amplifiers 21 to generate single-cavity 500-6000W laser, the single-cavity 500-6000W laser is connected with the laser generators 10 through the laser beam combining module 4, the single-cavity laser of the laser generators 10 is combined into a beam and is output through the laser output module 3, and the 1000-6000W pulse laser with the all-fiber structure is generated. The laser output module 3 is connected with the laser beam combining module 4 and is used for outputting the pulse laser beam combined by the laser beam combining module 4.
The laser beam combining module 4 comprises a laser beam combiner 41 and a beam combining and stripping module 42, wherein the laser beam combiner 41 is connected with the plurality of laser generators 10 and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the plurality of laser generators 10. The beam combiner/stripper 42 is connected to the laser beam combiner 41 and removes the cladding light of the optical fiber transmitting the pulsed laser light.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A laser generator, comprising:
the pulse seed source is used for generating pulse laser with preset power;
the laser amplification module is connected with the pulse seed source and used for amplifying the laser power of the pulse laser;
the laser amplification module comprises a plurality of optical fiber amplifiers which are connected in sequence, and the plurality of optical fiber amplifiers are used for amplifying the laser power of the pulse laser in sequence;
the pulse seed source is a double-acousto-optic modulation seed source or a semiconductor laser tube (LD) modulation seed source;
the dual acousto-optic modulating seed source comprises:
the resonant structure comprises a high-reflection grating and a low-reflection grating which are oppositely arranged, and the high-reflection grating and the low-reflection grating are arranged in an enclosing manner to form a resonant cavity;
the intracavity acousto-optic is arranged between the resonant cavities and used for generating first seed pulse laser;
the seed source first pumping source is arranged in the resonant cavity and used for pumping first pumping light of the seed source;
the first seed source coupler is arranged in the resonant cavity and is connected with the acousto-optic source in the cavity and the first seed source pumping source;
the first seed source gain optical fiber is arranged in the resonant cavity and is connected with the first seed source coupler;
the acousto-optic modulator is arranged outside the resonant cavity and used for modulating the repetition frequency and the pulse width of the laser output by the resonant cavity to obtain the pulse laser;
the seed source first optical isolator is connected with the acousto-optic modulator and the laser amplification module and used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and transmitting the pulse laser to the laser amplification module;
the feedback light is light reflected by the surface of the object under the action of the pulse laser;
the semiconductor laser tube (LD) modulation seed source comprises:
the semiconductor laser tube modulates a seed source and is used for generating second seed pulse laser;
the seed source second pumping source is used for pumping the seed source second pumping light;
the second seed source coupler is connected with the semiconductor laser tube modulation seed source and the second seed source pump source;
the second seed source gain optical fiber is connected with the second seed source coupler;
the seed source second optical isolator is connected with the seed source second gain optical fiber and the laser amplification module and used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source and transmitting the pulse laser to the laser amplification module;
the setting method of the pumping source in the optical fiber amplifier comprises a positive pumping mode, a negative pumping mode and a positive and negative pumping mode; the reverse pump mode includes:
the second mode stripper of the amplifier is connected with the pulse seed source or the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber transmitting the pulse laser;
the second gain optical fiber of the amplifier is connected with the second stripper of the amplifier;
the second pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the second pump light of the amplifier;
the second coupler of the amplifier is connected with the second pump source of the amplifier and the second gain fiber of the amplifier;
and the second optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the second coupler of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
2. The laser generator of claim 1, wherein the diameters of the cores of the gain fibers of the plurality of fiber amplifiers increase in steps along the propagation direction of the pulsed laser light.
3. The laser generator of claim 1, wherein the positive pump mode comprises:
the first pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the first pump light of the amplifier;
the first coupler of the amplifier is connected with a pulse seed source or a previous-stage optical fiber amplifier and is connected with a first pumping source of the amplifier;
the first gain optical fiber of the amplifier is connected with the first coupler of the amplifier;
a first mode stripper of an amplifier connected to the first gain fiber of the amplifier, for removing cladding light of a fiber that transmits the pulse laser;
and the first optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the first stripper of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
4. The laser generator of claim 1, wherein the positive and negative pump modes comprise:
the amplifier third pumping source is used for pumping the amplifier third pumping light;
an amplifier third gain fiber;
the third coupler of the amplifier is used for being connected with the previous-stage optical fiber amplifier or the pulse seed source and is connected with the third pumping source of the amplifier and the third gain optical fiber of the amplifier;
the fourth pump source of the amplifier is used for pumping the fourth pump source of the amplifier;
the fourth coupler of the amplifier is connected with the fourth pumping source of the amplifier and the third gain fiber of the amplifier;
the third mode stripper of the amplifier is connected with the fourth coupler of the amplifier and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber for transmitting the pulse laser;
and the third optical isolator of the amplifier is connected with the third stripper of the amplifier and is used for preventing feedback light from entering the pulse seed source.
5. A single cavity fibre laser comprising a laser output module and a laser generator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, the laser output module being connected to a laser amplification module of the laser generator.
6. A multi-cavity fiber laser comprising a laser output module, a laser beam combining module, and a plurality of laser generators according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the laser beam combining module is connected with the laser generators and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the laser generators;
the laser output module is connected with the laser beam combining module and used for outputting the pulse laser after the laser beam combining module combines the beams.
7. The multi-cavity fiber laser of claim 6, wherein the laser beam combining module comprises:
the laser beam combiner is connected with the laser generators and combines the pulse lasers emitted by the laser generators;
and the beam combining and stripping device is connected with the laser beam combiner and the laser output module and is used for removing the cladding light of the optical fiber for transmitting the pulse laser.
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