CN112986921A - Side lobe suppression method of broadband digital receiving array - Google Patents

Side lobe suppression method of broadband digital receiving array Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112986921A
CN112986921A CN202110217280.1A CN202110217280A CN112986921A CN 112986921 A CN112986921 A CN 112986921A CN 202110217280 A CN202110217280 A CN 202110217280A CN 112986921 A CN112986921 A CN 112986921A
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China
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auxiliary
antenna
side lobe
lobe
main
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CN202110217280.1A
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Inventor
于勇
黄华
王喜鹏
吴照宪
吴海
王坚
顾力伟
钟文
赵艳秋
韩光威
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723 Research Institute of CSIC
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723 Research Institute of CSIC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/2813Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array, which finishes the screening of a main lobe and a side lobe by adding an auxiliary antenna with gain between the main lobe and the side lobe, and the screening method specifically comprises the following steps: and comparing the magnitude of the signals received by the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna, wherein when the amplitude of the signals received by the auxiliary antenna is larger than that of the main antenna, the received signals are the signals received by the side lobes. By changing the own directional diagrams of all horn antennas in the side lobe suppression antenna group, the attenuation degree of the gain of the phased array along with the main lobe pointing angle can be matched, and the angle measurement precision of the phased receiving array surface is improved.

Description

Side lobe suppression method of broadband digital receiving array
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the active phased array surface system technology, and particularly relates to a side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array.
Background
In the radar electronic countermeasure environment, the technology for countermeasures against a single interference factor of noise interference or false target interference is relatively mature, but the noise interference often exists in a composite mode with dense false targets, and in recent years, a noise encryption set false target composite interference application means is developed, so that the purpose of simultaneously suppressing and deceiving the radar is achieved. The active interference mainly enters the radar antenna from the side lobe, and the interference signal is strong enough to become a side lobe clutter false alarm, which seriously affects the combat performance of electronic equipment such as radar, ESM and the like. To eliminate this interference, side lobe concealment (SLB) techniques are commonly used in radar. The technology mainly utilizes the difference of the gain of the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna to carry out the ratio of the amplitude of the main channel signal and the amplitude of the auxiliary channel signal, and the interference of a false target is inhibited through the judgment of a shadow threshold. Similarly, for the electronic detection receiving array of the phased array system, because the phased array system has the advantages of flexible beam forming, high spatial freedom, high phase precision and the like, the phased array system also has high selectivity in the aspect of shadow beam forming. At present, related algorithms of narrowband phased array radar side lobe shading are researched more in China, the research on the phased array electronic reconnaissance shading auxiliary signal acquisition technology is insufficient, and especially the application of a broadband phased array system receiving array surface to the side lobe shading technology is not mature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a broadband digital receiving array side lobe suppression method is provided, which completes the screening of main lobe and side lobe by adding auxiliary antenna with gain between the main lobe and the side lobe, the screening method specifically comprises: and comparing the magnitude of the signals received by the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna, wherein when the amplitude of the signals received by the auxiliary antenna is larger than that of the main antenna, the received signals are the signals received by the side lobes.
Preferably, the auxiliary antenna is specifically arranged in the following manner:
in a single-quadrant receiving array surface, an antenna group comprising 6 side-lobe shading auxiliary antennas is arranged;
wherein, the direction of 4 auxiliary lobe shading auxiliary antennas is fixed, the direction of 2 auxiliary antennas is adjustable, and the auxiliary lobes cover the working auxiliary lobes in the working areas of the adjacent array surfaces.
Preferably, the auxiliary antenna is a horn antenna.
Preferably, the directional pattern gain distribution of each auxiliary antenna is optimally and balanced designed, so that the overall side lobe suppression antenna directional pattern formed by 6 auxiliary antennas meets the condition that the side lobe gain which is larger than the receiving array surface in each direction angle direction and pitch range in a single-quadrant airspace is smaller than the main lobe gain at a corresponding position by more than 8dB, and finally the full airspace coverage and the direction angle matching of the phased receiving array surface are realized.
Preferably, the method for determining the amplitude of the signal received by the auxiliary antenna comprises:
signals received by the auxiliary antenna enter the DBF processing board through the amplitude limiter, the first low-noise amplifier, the numerical control attenuator, the second low-noise amplifier, the frequency conversion assembly and the ADC module, the DBF processing board realizes the formation of beam signals of the auxiliary channel of the auxiliary lobe suppression antenna, and the amplitude is determined according to the beam signals.
Preferably, the digital synchronization method of the main lobe and the side lobe receiving channels is as follows:
respectively inputting 7 calibration signals with different frequencies to the auxiliary antenna and the phased receiving array synchronously in an internal signal coupling mode, recording initial receiving phases of corresponding standard signals in the phased array and the auxiliary antenna DBF board, calculating the relative time difference of the two channels by using the initial phase differences and corresponding signal carrier frequencies, fitting a function formula of the time difference of the two channels changing along with the frequency of the received signals, searching the corresponding delay of each received pulse signal according to the function formula, and realizing the synchronous data processing of the phased receiving array and the auxiliary antenna group.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention can realize the side lobe suppression covering the full airspace range of the broadband phased receiving array surface including X wave band, Ku wave band and the like within reasonable manufacturing cost, and simultaneously can match the attenuation degree of the gain of the phased array along with the pointing angle of the main lobe by changing the directional diagram of each horn antenna in the side lobe suppression antenna group, thereby improving the performances of the phased receiving array surface such as angle measurement precision and the like.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the side-lobe masking operation.
Fig. 2 is a side lobe suppression antenna configuration diagram.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the suppression effect of the side lobe suppression antenna at five typical frequency points.
Fig. 4 is a side lobe suppression hardware implementation block diagram.
Fig. 5 is a side lobe suppressing digital synchronization schematic block diagram.
Detailed Description
A side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array finishes the screening of a main lobe and a side lobe through adding a side lobe shadow-eliminating auxiliary antenna with the gain between the main lobe and the side lobe, and the working principle is shown in figure 1;
specifically, the magnitude of the signals received by the main and auxiliary antennas is compared, and when the amplitude of the signals received by the auxiliary antenna is larger than that of the main antenna, the received signals are the signals received by the side lobes. The gain of the auxiliary antenna is smaller than the main lobe of the main antenna of the receiving phased array by more than 8dB and is slightly higher than the level of the side lobe, when no signal enters the main lobe of the antenna and only the side lobe enters the main lobe and the auxiliary lobe receives the signal, the magnitude of the signal received by the auxiliary antenna is larger than that of the main antenna because the gain of the auxiliary antenna is higher than the level of the side lobe of the main antenna, and the signal is the signal received by the side lobe.
In a further embodiment, in a single-quadrant receiving array, an antenna group comprising 6 auxiliary antennas is arranged to perform side lobe shading operation in an azimuth plane and a pitch plane. The auxiliary antenna group for side lobe suppression is arranged on a phased array surface, and is realized by 6 paths of side lobe hiding antennas, and the configuration diagram of the auxiliary antenna group is shown in fig. 2 in a 3 x 2 mode, wherein 3 types of side lobe suppression antennas are arranged in the azimuth direction, and 2 types of side lobe suppression antennas are arranged in the elevation direction. In order to meet different array surface installation environments under actual conditions, each auxiliary antenna adopts a wide-angle, broadband and high-gain horn antenna, the pointing angles of all horn antennas are different, the pointing directions of 4 auxiliary antennas are fixed, the pointing directions of 2 auxiliary antennas are adjustable, and the auxiliary antennas cover working auxiliary lobes in working areas of adjacent array surfaces.
Considering that the phenomenon that the main lobe gain of the phased receiving array surface is reduced (not less than 5dB) along with the deviation of the directional angle from the normal direction exists in the low side lobe design process, in order to match the nonuniformity, the auxiliary antenna arrangement can carry out optimization balance design on the directional diagram gain distribution of each horn-shaped auxiliary antenna, so that the overall side lobe suppression antenna directional diagram formed by 6 antennas can meet the requirement that the gain of the side lobe which is larger than the receiving array surface in each directional angle direction and pitch range in a single-quadrant airspace is smaller than the gain of the main lobe at a corresponding position by more than 8dB, and finally the full airspace coverage and the directional angle matching of the phased receiving array surface are realized. The comparison between the synthetic gain pattern in the azimuth plane and the pitch plane of the side lobe suppression antenna and the phased receiving array plane pattern at three typical frequency points, the middle frequency point and the high frequency point, and the side lobe suppression effect of the three-dimensional near-field test are shown in fig. 3.
In a further embodiment, signals received by the 6 auxiliary antennas enter the DBF processing board through the limiter, the first low noise amplifier, the digital control attenuator, the second low noise amplifier, the frequency conversion module, and the ADC module, where the DBF processing board is configured to implement beamforming of the 6 secondary lobe suppression antenna auxiliary channels, as shown in fig. 4.
Because the signal processing of the phased receiving array surface and the side lobe suppression antenna is respectively completed by two sets of mutually independent hardware channels, in the side lobe suppression process, the main lobe data and the side lobe data of the same pulse receiving signal are staggered when the signal processing time of the two parts is different (the processing time of the phased receiving array surface is relatively longer), and even the main lobe information and the side lobe information of two different pulses are compared, so that the side lobe suppression is invalid. Therefore, the invention designs the digital synchronization function of the main lobe and side lobe receiving channel. After the side lobe suppression antenna group is installed, 7 calibration signals with different frequencies are synchronously input to the side lobe suppression antenna group and the phased receiving array surface respectively in an internal signal coupling mode. The initial receive phase of the corresponding standard signal in the two sets of DBF plates is recorded phase-controlled front and side lobe suppression. And calculating the relative time difference of the two channels by using the initial phase differences and the corresponding signal carrier frequencies, fitting a function formula of the time difference of the two channels changing along with the frequency of the received signal, and forming a calibration table to be burnt into the wave control board. And searching the corresponding time delay of each received pulse signal according to a fitting formula, ensuring that the phased receiving array surface and the side lobe suppression antenna group synchronously perform data processing, and realizing a correct side lobe pressing effect. The functional block diagram of the side lobe suppression synchronization design is shown in fig. 5.

Claims (6)

1. A side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array is characterized in that screening of a main lobe and a side lobe is completed by adding an auxiliary antenna with gain between the main lobe and the side lobe, and the screening method specifically comprises the following steps: and comparing the magnitude of the signals received by the main antenna and the auxiliary antenna, wherein when the amplitude of the signals received by the auxiliary antenna is larger than that of the main antenna, the received signals are the signals received by the side lobes.
2. The side lobe suppression method for a wideband digital receive array as claimed in claim 1 wherein the auxiliary antenna is specifically arranged as follows:
in a single-quadrant receiving array surface, an antenna group comprising 6 side-lobe shading auxiliary antennas is arranged;
wherein, the direction of 4 auxiliary lobe shading auxiliary antennas is fixed, the direction of 2 auxiliary antennas is adjustable, and the auxiliary lobes cover the working auxiliary lobes in the working areas of the adjacent array surfaces.
3. The side lobe suppression method for a wideband digital receive array as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the auxiliary antenna is a horn antenna.
4. The side lobe suppression method of a broadband digital receiving array according to claim 1, characterized in that the directional pattern gain distribution of each auxiliary antenna is optimally and balanced designed, so that the overall side lobe suppression antenna directional pattern formed by 6 auxiliary antennas meets the requirements that the side lobe gain larger than the receiving front in each direction angle direction and pitch range in a single-quadrant airspace is smaller than the main lobe gain at the corresponding position by more than 8dB, and finally the full airspace coverage and the direction angle matching of the phased receiving front are realized.
5. The side-lobe suppression method for a wideband digital receive array as claimed in claim 1 wherein the amplitude of the signal received by the auxiliary antenna is determined by:
signals received by the auxiliary antenna enter the DBF processing board through the amplitude limiter, the first low-noise amplifier, the numerical control attenuator, the second low-noise amplifier, the frequency conversion assembly and the ADC module, the DBF processing board realizes the formation of beam signals of the auxiliary channel of the auxiliary lobe suppression antenna, and the amplitude is determined according to the beam signals.
6. The side lobe suppression method of a wideband digital receive array as claimed in claim 1 wherein the digital synchronization method of the main lobe and side lobe receive channels is:
respectively inputting 7 calibration signals with different frequencies to the auxiliary antenna and the phased receiving array synchronously in an internal signal coupling mode, recording initial receiving phases of corresponding standard signals in the phased array and the auxiliary antenna DBF board, calculating the relative time difference of the two channels by using the initial phase differences and corresponding signal carrier frequencies, fitting a function formula of the time difference of the two channels changing along with the frequency of the received signals, searching the corresponding delay of each received pulse signal according to the function formula, and realizing the synchronous data processing of the phased receiving array and the auxiliary antenna group.
CN202110217280.1A 2021-02-26 2021-02-26 Side lobe suppression method of broadband digital receiving array Pending CN112986921A (en)

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CN115390018A (en) * 2022-07-26 2022-11-25 西安电子工程研究所 Radar pulse type interference orientation method
CN115842576A (en) * 2023-02-10 2023-03-24 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 Method for inhibiting DBF side lobe
CN116299220A (en) * 2023-05-25 2023-06-23 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 Method, device, medium and equipment for eliminating radar signal side lobe interference

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CN115842576A (en) * 2023-02-10 2023-03-24 中国电子科技集团公司第二十九研究所 Method for inhibiting DBF side lobe
CN116299220A (en) * 2023-05-25 2023-06-23 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 Method, device, medium and equipment for eliminating radar signal side lobe interference
CN116299220B (en) * 2023-05-25 2023-08-08 南京纳特通信电子有限公司 Method, device, medium and equipment for eliminating radar signal side lobe interference

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