CN112985232B - Tool, system and method for quickly measuring breast diameter of forest - Google Patents
Tool, system and method for quickly measuring breast diameter of forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN112985232B CN112985232B CN202110463914.1A CN202110463914A CN112985232B CN 112985232 B CN112985232 B CN 112985232B CN 202110463914 A CN202110463914 A CN 202110463914A CN 112985232 B CN112985232 B CN 112985232B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring diameters
Abstract
The invention discloses a forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool, a system and a method, wherein the forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool comprises a ruler surface, a fixed foot, a moving foot and a main measuring ruler machine, the main measuring ruler machine comprises a sensor, a processor, a storage and a display screen, the fixed foot is fixedly arranged on one end part of the ruler surface, the moving foot is sleeved on the ruler surface and can axially slide relative to the ruler surface, the sensor is integrated on the moving foot, and the processor, the storage and the display screen are attached to the corner of the fixed foot, wherein the sensor is used for sensing distance information between the fixed foot and the moving foot and feeding back information to the processor; the processor is used for processing the distance information sensed by the sensor, measuring the breast height of various trees, counting forest accumulation and generating corresponding tree species survey measurement data; stored by the memory and displayed by the display screen. The invention has high measuring efficiency, high accuracy and good portability and is suitable for measuring the breast diameters of the trees with various sizes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest resource investigation forest measuring equipment, and particularly discloses a forest breast height diameter rapid measuring tool, a forest breast height diameter rapid measuring system and a forest breast height diameter rapid measuring method.
Background
The breast diameter of the forest is the diameter of the forest at a distance of 1.3m from the stem of the forest land. The forest breast height diameter measurement is one of important means for forest resource investigation, and is also the most accurate investigation method for investigating forest volume and forest accumulation at present. For years, tools such as a girth gauge and a wheel ruler are commonly adopted for measuring the breast height of trees in forest resource investigation in the forestry industry, 1-2 persons measure the number of reports, another 1 person records the number, the tree number is counted according to the diameter grade by manually dividing the tree after the measurement is finished, a volume table is consulted, the volume of the trees and the forest accumulation are calculated, the process is complicated, time and labor are wasted, and mistakes are easy to make. The tape is not suitable for measuring the forest of taking thorn and secretion, and the chi face of its broad can lead to great measuring error, and survey crew need both hands closed to encircle the forest in addition and then hug closely the bark with the chi face around trunk a week with the chi head and carry out the reading at the meeting department of chi head and chi tail, and the level is difficult to accomplish to the closed circle of chi face to influence the accuracy of data. If the breast diameter of the forest exceeds 45cm, a single person is difficult to surround the forest in a two-hand closed mode or possibly exceeds the range of the girth ruler, a plurality of persons are needed to assist in meeting the ruler head and the ruler tail or the single person marks the trunk and then measures the tree trunk for a plurality of times and accumulates the reading, and the measuring efficiency is greatly reduced. When traditional wheel chi was measured, only need slide the foot of moving about, make the three face of wheel chi hug closely the trunk and can read the measurement volume, though convenient operation, nevertheless need many people to cooperate, efficiency is poor. Meanwhile, reading errors or recording errors of measuring personnel often occur in the forest resource investigation process, which is a defect difficult to overcome by forest resource investigation work.
Nowadays, the emerging devices or methods for measuring the breast diameter at home and abroad are mainly divided into non-contact type and contact type. The non-contact type is to measure the diameter of breast through the optical principle under the condition of not contacting the trunk of the forest tree, and the representative instruments or methods are as follows: the system comprises an RD1000 type rapid and special tree-measuring instrument, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a laser scanner, a smart phone, a camera, a super station instrument, a total station instrument and the like; but has the problems of low measuring efficiency, complex operation, high cost, inconvenient field carrying and the like. The contact type usually carries out electronization and digitization transformation on the basis of the mechanical principle of the traditional circumference ruler and wheel ruler, and the typical instruments or methods thereof comprise an MD-II type electronic diameter measuring instrument, an electronic bar code ruler, a pull rope sensor and the like, but the breast diameter is converted in a single mode of measuring the length, and the problems of poor applicability, complex operation, low efficiency, poor portability, short measuring range and the like of the traditional circumference ruler are not fundamentally solved.
Chinese patent CN201811391520.4 discloses a forest outer diameter measuring device and method, wherein the forest outer diameter measuring device includes: the device comprises a left ruler, a right ruler, a middle ruler, a controller, a first angle sensor and a second angle sensor; the left ruler is rotationally connected with the middle ruler, and a first rotary joint is formed at the connection position; the right ruler is rotationally connected with the middle ruler, and a second rotary joint is formed at the joint; the first angle sensor is integrated in the first rotary joint and used for measuring a first angle between the left ruler and the middle ruler; the second angle sensor is integrated in the second rotary joint and used for measuring a second angle between the right ruler and the middle ruler; the controller is used for reading the first angle and the second angle from the first angle sensor and the second angle sensor respectively, and calculating the outer diameter of the forest to be measured according to the first angle and the second angle. The forest outer diameter measuring device is complex in calculation process, and measurement efficiency is low.
Therefore, the forest diameter at breast height measuring tool which is high in measuring efficiency, high in accuracy, good in portability and suitable for measuring various diameters at breast height is urgently needed in the forest resource investigation work nowadays.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tool, a system and a method for quickly measuring the breast height of a forest, and aims to solve the technical problems that the existing forest resource survey work urgently needs a tool which has high measurement efficiency, high accuracy, simple operation and good portability and is suitable for measuring the breast height of the forest with various sizes.
One aspect of the invention relates to a forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool, which comprises a ruler surface, a fixed foot, a moving foot and a measuring ruler host, wherein the measuring ruler host comprises a sensor, a processor, a storage and a display screen, the fixed foot is fixedly arranged on one end part of the ruler surface, the moving foot is sleeved on the ruler surface and can axially slide relative to the ruler surface, the sensor is integrated on the moving foot, the processor, the storage and the display screen are attached to the corner of the fixed foot, wherein,
the sensor is used for sensing distance information between the fixed foot and the moving foot;
the processor is respectively electrically connected with the sensor, the storage and the display screen and is used for processing the distance information sensed by the sensor, measuring the breast height of various trees, counting forest accumulation and generating corresponding tree species list columns; stored by the memory and displayed by the display screen.
Further, the processor comprises a forest breast diameter measuring unit, a forest accumulation measuring unit and a tree species list column generating unit,
the tree breast diameter measuring unit is used for receiving the distance information sensed by the sensor, acquiring the distance between the fixed foot and the moving foot, and measuring the tree breast diameters of various trees according to the distance between the fixed foot and the moving foot;
the forest accumulation measuring unit is used for measuring a single tree to obtain a single tree volume and accumulating the measured single tree volume to obtain forest accumulation;
and the tree species list column generating unit is used for storing the tree species list related to the forest breast diameter measuring unit in a storage.
Further, the processor also comprises a tree type generating unit and a time checking unit,
the tree type generating unit is used for setting the names of the trees to be surveyed and measured and arranging the trees from front to back according to the number of the trees;
and the time checking unit is used for checking the displayed date and time.
Further, the processor also comprises a radial value calculating unit and a plant number counting unit,
the step value calculating unit is used for calculating step values of various trees according to the selected step types in the step mode displayed by the display screen;
and the plant number counting unit is used for counting the accumulated number of the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
Further, radial step types include 1cm regularization, 2cm regularization, 4cm regularization, 6cm regularization, and 8cm regularization.
Further, the radius value of the forest is calculated by a radius regularization formula, wherein the radius regularization formula is as follows:
D＝round(d/x，0)*x
wherein D is a radial step value; round () is a rounding function; d is the actual chest diameter or diameter; x is an integer number; 0 in the formula brackets indicates that the result takes an integer; * Are multiplier signs.
The invention also relates to a forest breast diameter rapid measuring system which comprises the measuring rule host and an upper computer, wherein the measuring rule host comprises a controller, and the controller comprises:
the import module is used for importing the unary volume table sent by the upper computer;
the display module is used for setting tree species names to be surveyed and measured in a main menu of a display screen according to the tree species instruction, generating a tree species list, arranging the tree species names to be surveyed and measured in the tree species list from front to back according to the number of the tree species names, and checking corresponding date and time;
the selection module is used for selecting the tree name in the tree list;
the measuring module is used for measuring the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, displaying and storing the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the previous tree species, displaying and storing the measured data according to the previous tree species by default; if the measured tree species are different from the previous tree species, clicking the corresponding tree species according to a tree species list column displayed on a display screen, and displaying and storing the clicked corresponding tree species;
and the export module is used for exporting the stored measurement data to an upper computer.
Further, the controller further comprises:
the step value calculating module is used for calculating the step values of various trees according to the selected step types in the step mode displayed by the display screen;
and the plant number counting module is used for counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
The invention also relates to a fast measuring method of the breast diameter of the forest, which is applied to the fast measuring system of the breast diameter of the forest, and the fast measuring method of the breast diameter of the forest comprises the following steps:
importing a unitary volume table sent by an upper computer;
according to the forest type instruction, tree species names to be surveyed and measured are set in a main menu of a display screen to generate a tree species list, the tree species names to be surveyed and measured are arranged from front to back according to the number of the tree species names in the tree species list, and corresponding dates and time are checked;
selecting tree names in the tree list;
measuring the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, displaying and storing the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the last tree species, displaying and storing the measured data according to the last tree species by default; if the measured tree species are different from the previous tree species, clicking the corresponding tree species according to a tree species list column displayed on a display screen, and displaying and storing the clicked corresponding tree species;
and exporting the stored measurement data to an upper computer.
Further, the step of measuring the tree species to be surveyed further comprises:
under the step mode displayed by the display screen, calculating step values of various trees according to the selected step types;
and counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a tool, a system and a method for rapidly measuring the breast height of a forest, wherein the measuring tool adopts a ruler surface, a fixed foot, a moving foot and a measuring ruler host, the measuring ruler host comprises a sensor, a processor, a storage and a display screen, the processor is used for processing distance information sensed by the sensor, measuring the breast height of various trees, counting forest accumulation and generating a corresponding tree species list column; stored by the memory and displayed by the display screen. The tool, the system and the method for quickly measuring the breast height of the forest, provided by the invention, have the advantages of high measurement efficiency, high accuracy and good portability, and are suitable for measuring the breast height of the forest with various breast heights.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a rapid measurement tool for the breast height of a forest according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of a rapid forest breast height measurement tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a test of an embodiment of a rapid measurement tool for the breast height of a forest according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of a processor in the rapid forest breast diameter measurement tool according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic functional module diagram of an embodiment of a controller in the rapid forest breast height diameter measurement system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a main interface of a measuring tape display screen of an embodiment of the rapid forest breast diameter measuring system provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a tree species list column sliding up and down according to an embodiment of a system for rapidly measuring a breast height of a tree according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a secondary menu for setting an embodiment of a tree breast height diameter rapid measurement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a date and time setting interface of an embodiment of a system for rapidly measuring the breast height of a tree according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a tree species setting interface for displaying a tree species according to an embodiment of the rapid measurement system for the breast height of a tree provided in the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an interface for setting tree species increase for displaying a tree species increase according to an embodiment of a system for rapidly measuring a breast height of a tree according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an operation interface for displaying a volume table according to an embodiment of the rapid forest breast diameter measurement system provided by the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating diameter step mode setting of an embodiment of a tree breast height rapid measurement system according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a statistical result display interface of an embodiment of the rapid forest breast diameter measurement system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an interface for displaying various statistical results of trees according to an embodiment of the system for rapidly measuring the breast height of a tree provided by the present invention;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a "clear memory" interface of an embodiment of the rapid measurement system for the breast height of a forest provided by the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a display measurement data export interface of an embodiment of the rapid forest breast diameter measurement system provided by the present invention;
fig. 18 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the method for rapidly measuring the breast height of a forest provided by the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating a detailed process of one embodiment of the step of measuring the tree species to be surveyed in FIG. 18.
The reference numbers illustrate:
10. a ruler surface; 20. a fixing leg; 30. a swimming foot; 50. a sensor; 60. a processor; 70. a reservoir; 80. a display screen; 61. a forest breast height diameter measuring unit; 62. a forest accumulation measuring unit; 63. a tree species list column generating unit; 64. a type generation unit; 65. a time checking unit; 66. a step value calculation unit; 67. a plant number counting unit; 90. a controller; 91. importing a module; 92. a display module; 93. a selection module; 94. a measurement module; 95. a derivation module; 96. a step value calculation module; 97. and a plant number counting module.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical scheme, the technical scheme is described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool, which includes a ruler surface 10, a fixed foot 20, a moving foot 30 and a ruler host, wherein the ruler host includes a sensor 50, a processor 60, a storage 70 and a display 80, the fixed foot 20 is fixedly disposed on one end portion of the ruler surface 10, the moving foot 30 is sleeved on the ruler surface 10 and can axially slide relative to the ruler surface 10, the sensor 50 is integrated on the moving foot 30, the processor 60, the storage 70 and the display 80 are attached to a corner of the fixed foot 20, and the sensor 50 is configured to sense distance information between the fixed foot 20 and the moving foot 30; the processor 60 is respectively electrically connected with the sensor 50, the memory 70 and the display screen 80, and is used for processing the distance information sensed by the sensor 50, measuring the breast diameters of various trees, counting forest accumulation and generating corresponding tree species list columns; stored by the memory 70 and displayed by the display screen 80. In this embodiment, the length value measured on the blade 10 is the same as the value measured by the sensor 50 and displayed on the screen of the display screen 80. The processor 60 is used for processing the measurement data sensed by the sensor 50, calculating and counting the data, inputting and outputting the data to and from the screen of the display screen 80 and a computer, and exchanging the data with a memory. The memory is used for installing programs and storing data. The moving foot 30 of the main measuring tape machine is provided with a key, when the key is pressed, the command is transmitted to the processor 60 through the sensor 50, and the measured data is instantly stored in the memory 70. The memory 70 stores measurement data, each data factor including tree name, actual value, path order value, accumulation and real time. The memory 70 is used to store measurement and statistical programs, volume table data and measurement data. The volume table described in this example is a unitary volume table, which is compiled by tree species, and one radial rank corresponds to one volume value. The measured data includes the diameter at breast height or diameter measurement, the diameter step value after the regularization, and the corresponding number. The ruler surface 10 is the front surface of the ruler body and is provided with two lines of scales, the first line is a radial scale, and the second line is a national standard scale. The side section of the ruler body is of a groove shape, and the sensor 50 is hidden in the groove.
In the above structure, please refer to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic functional module diagram of an embodiment of a controller in a fast forest breast diameter measuring system according to the present invention, in the embodiment, a processor 60 includes a forest breast diameter measuring unit 61, a forest accumulation measuring unit 62, a tree list column generating unit 63, a tree type generating unit 64, a time checking unit 65, a step value calculating unit 66, and a plant number counting unit 67, where the forest breast diameter measuring unit 61 is configured to receive distance information sensed by a sensor 50, obtain a distance between a fixed foot 20 and a moving foot 30, and measure a tree breast diameter of each tree according to the distance between the fixed foot 20 and the moving foot 30; a forest accumulation measuring unit 62, configured to measure a single tree to obtain a single tree volume, and accumulate the measured single tree volume to obtain forest accumulation; and a tree species list column generating unit 63 for collecting the tree breast diameter measured by the tree breast diameter measuring unit 61 and the forest accumulation obtained by accumulation by the forest accumulation measuring unit 62, and generating a corresponding tree species list column. A tree type generating unit 64 for setting the names of the tree types to be surveyed and measured and arranging the tree types from front to back according to the number of the tree types; and a time checking unit 65 for checking the displayed date and time. The step value calculating unit 66 is configured to calculate step values of various trees according to the selected step type in the step mode displayed on the display screen 80; and the plant number counting unit 67 is used for counting the accumulated number of the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of functional modules of an embodiment of a controller in the fast forest breast diameter measurement system provided by the present invention, in this embodiment, the fast forest breast diameter measurement system includes the above-mentioned ruler host and an upper computer, where the ruler host includes the controller 90, the controller 90 includes an import module 91, a display module 92, a selection module 93, a measurement module 94, an export module 95, a diameter order value calculation module 96 and a plant number statistics module 97, where the import module 91 is used to import a unitary volume table sent by the upper computer; the display module 92 is used for setting tree species names to be surveyed and measured in a main menu of a display screen according to the tree species instruction, generating a tree species list, arranging the tree species names to be surveyed and measured in the tree species list from front to back according to the number of the tree species names, and checking corresponding dates and time; a selecting module 93, configured to select a tree name in the tree list; a measuring module 94, configured to measure the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, display and store the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the previous tree species, display and store the measured data according to the previous tree species by default; if the measured tree species is different from the previous tree species, selecting the corresponding tree species according to the tree species list column displayed on the display screen, and displaying and storing the selected corresponding tree species; and the export module 95 is used for exporting the stored measurement data to an upper computer. The step value calculation module 96 is configured to calculate step values of various trees according to the selected step type in the step mode displayed on the display screen 80; and the plant number counting module 97 is used for counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured. The upper computer can be a computer or a mobile terminal. In this embodiment, first, the computer imports a volume table into the measurement rule host through the USB interface. Then, at the measuring site, the types of the trees in the forest stand are firstly visually observed, then the names of the trees to be surveyed and measured are set through the main menu of the display screen 80, the trees are arranged from front to back according to the number of the trees, and the date and the time of the measuring ruler host are checked. Sliding the display screen 80 up and down on the left side of the main screen, clicks the "tree" to be measured, while the name of the clicked tree is displayed on the right side. Then, when in diameter measurement, the measuring ruler requires a distance of 1.3m from the forest ground stem, the fixed foot is parallel to the moving foot and is vertical to the ruler body, three surfaces of the measuring ruler are tightly attached to the trunk, the measurement data is displayed on the screen of the display screen 80 instantly, and the data is stored in the memory by pressing a 'confirm' button. If the measured tree species is the same as the previous tree species, displaying and storing the tree species according to the previous tree species by default; and if the measured tree species are different from the previous tree species, clicking on the tree species list column on the left side of the measuring tape screen. And finally, exporting the measured data to a computer through a USB interface, wherein the data format is Excel.
As shown in fig. 5 to fig. 17, in the system for rapidly measuring the breast diameter of a forest tree provided in this embodiment, the diameter step type includes 1cm regularization, 2cm regularization, 4cm regularization, 6cm regularization and 8cm regularization.
Further, the radius value of the forest is calculated by a radius regularization formula, wherein the radius regularization formula is as follows:
D＝round(d/x，0)*x (1)
wherein, in formula 1, D is a radial order value; round () is a rounding function; d is the actually measured breast diameter or diameter; x is the integer number, for example, x =1,2cm is integer when 1cm is integer, x =2, and the rest is analogized; 0 in the formula bracket indicates that the result takes an integer; * Is a multiplication sign.
The examples of the rectification are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
In the forest survey of table 1, the diameter of trees was determined by dividing the diameter groups into 1,2 or 4cm groups for easy reading and statistics. Wheel rulers or diameter tapes are typically graduated in diameter steps. The step rounding usually adopts the upper limit exclusion method, i.e. the group median of each group is marked on the lower limit position of the step. For example, if the scale is adjusted to 2cm, the scale value of 6cm should be marked at 5cm, the scale value of 8cm should be marked at 7cm, and the range refers to the range of values corresponding to each scale.
Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a fast forest breast diameter measurement method provided by the present invention, which is applied in the fast forest breast diameter measurement system, and the fast forest breast diameter measurement method includes the following steps:
and S100, importing the unary volume table sent by the upper computer.
The computer leads in a unary volume table to the measuring rule host through the USB interface.
Step S200, according to the tree species instruction, tree species names to be surveyed and measured are set in a main menu of a display screen to generate a tree species list, the tree species names to be surveyed and measured in the tree species list are arranged from front to back according to the number of the tree species names, and corresponding dates and time are checked.
In the measurement site, firstly, the types of the trees in the forest stand are visually observed, then, the names of the trees to be surveyed and measured are set through a main menu of the display screen 80, the trees are arranged from front to back according to the number of the trees, and the date and the time of the measuring tape host are checked.
And step S300, clicking tree names in the tree list.
Sliding the display screen 80 up and down on the left side of the main screen, clicks the "tree" to be measured, while the name of the clicked tree is displayed on the right side.
S400, measuring the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, displaying and storing the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the previous tree species, displaying and storing the measured data according to the previous tree species by default; if the measured tree species are different from the previous tree species, clicking the corresponding tree species according to a tree species list column displayed on a display screen, and displaying and storing the clicked corresponding tree species;
during diameter measurement, the measuring ruler is required to be 1.3m away from a forest ground stem, the fixed foot is parallel to the moving foot and perpendicular to the ruler body, three surfaces of the measuring ruler are tightly attached to the trunk, measurement data are displayed on the screen of the display screen 80 instantly, and the data are stored in the memory by pressing a 'confirm' button. If the measured tree species is the same as the previous tree species, displaying and storing the tree species according to the previous tree species by default; and if the measured tree species are different from the previous tree species, clicking on the tree species list column on the left side of the measuring tape screen.
And S500, exporting the stored measurement data to an upper computer.
And exporting the measured data to a computer through a USB interface, wherein the data format is Excel.
As shown in fig. 19, fig. 19 is a schematic view of a detailed flow of an embodiment of step S400 in fig. 18, in this embodiment, step S400 includes:
and S410, under the radial step mode displayed on the display screen, calculating the radial step values of various trees according to the selected radial step types.
Radial order types include 1cm regularization, 2cm regularization, 4cm regularization, 6cm regularization, and 8cm regularization.
The diameter order value of the forest is calculated by a diameter order regularization formula, wherein the diameter order regularization formula is as follows:
D＝round(d/x，0)*x (2)
wherein, in formula 2, D is the radial order value; round () is a rounding function; d is the actually measured breast diameter or diameter; x is the integer number, for example, x =1,2cm is integer when 1cm is integer, x =2, and the rest is analogized; 0 in the formula brackets indicates that the result takes an integer; * Is a multiplication sign.
The examples of the regularization are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2
In the forest survey of table 2, the tree diameters were determined by dividing the diameter groups into 1,2 or 4cm groups for easy reading and counting. Wheel rulers or diameter tapes are typically graduated in diameter steps. The step rounding usually adopts the upper limit exclusion method, i.e. the group median of each group is marked on the lower limit position of the step. For example, if the scale is adjusted to 2cm, the scale value of 6cm should be marked at 5cm, the scale value of 8cm should be marked at 7cm, and the range refers to the range of values corresponding to each scale.
And step S420, counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
The display screen 80 can be used for setting and selecting tree species, displaying the measured breast diameter (diameter) of the forest, and inquiring the number and accumulation of the measured plants of the forest (a built-in program automatically calculates the number and accumulation of the plants according to the measurement data stored in the memory, and inquires through an inquiry menu on a display screen interface); in this embodiment, the display screen 80 may be a touch screen, the left side of the main interface of the display screen 80 is a tree species list which can slide up and down, and is covered by the clicked "tree species" colored block, and meanwhile, the name of the clicked tree species is displayed on the right side; during measurement, the actual value, the diameter step value and the accumulated plant number of the measured tree breast diameter (diameter) are displayed below the tree species name on the right side of the screen.
Compared with the prior art, the tool, the system and the method for rapidly measuring the breast height of the trees provided by the embodiment have the advantages that the measuring tool adopts the ruler surface, the fixed feet, the moving feet and the measuring ruler host, the measuring ruler host comprises the sensor, the processor, the storage and the display screen, the distance information sensed by the sensor is processed through the processor, the breast height of various trees is measured, forest accumulation is counted, and a corresponding tree species list column is generated; stored by the memory and displayed by the display screen. The tool, the system and the method for rapidly measuring the breast height of the forest provided by the embodiment have the advantages of high measurement efficiency, high accuracy, good portability and suitability for measuring the breast height of the forest with various breast heights.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. The forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool is characterized by comprising a ruler surface (10), a fixed foot (20), a moving foot (30) and a ruler host, wherein the ruler host comprises a sensor (50), a processor (60), a storage (70) and a display screen (80), the fixed foot (20) is fixedly arranged on one end part of the ruler surface (10), the moving foot (30) is sleeved on the ruler surface (10) and can axially slide relative to the ruler surface (10), the sensor (50) is integrated on the moving foot (30), the processor (60), the storage (70) and the display screen (80) are attached to the corners of the fixed foot (20), wherein,
the sensor (50) is used for sensing distance information between the fixed foot (20) and the walking foot (30);
the processor (60) is respectively electrically connected with the sensor (50), the memory (70) and the display screen (80), and is used for processing the distance information sensed by the sensor (50), measuring the breast height diameter of various trees and counting forest accumulation, and generating corresponding tree species survey measurement data; -storing by the storage (70) and displaying by the display screen (80);
the memory (70) is used for storing measurement and statistical programs, volume table data and measurement data; the volume table belongs to a unitary volume table, is compiled according to tree species, and one radial rank corresponds to one volume value; the measurement data comprises a diameter of breast or a diameter measurement value, a diameter order value after being normalized and a corresponding number;
the processor (60) comprises a tree breast diameter measuring unit (61), a forest accumulation measuring unit (62), a tree species list column generating unit (63), a tree species type generating unit (64), a time checking unit (65), a diameter order value calculating unit (66) and a plant number counting unit (67),
the forest breast diameter measuring unit (61) is used for receiving distance information sensed by the sensor (50), acquiring the distance between the fixed foot (20) and the moving foot (30), and measuring the forest breast diameter of various trees according to the distance between the fixed foot (20) and the moving foot (30);
the forest accumulation measuring unit (62) is used for measuring a single tree to obtain a single tree volume, and accumulating the measured single tree volume to obtain forest accumulation;
the tree species list column generating unit (63) is used for storing a tree species list related to the tree breast diameter measuring unit (61) in a storage (70);
the tree type generating unit (64) is used for setting the names of the trees to be surveyed and measured and arranging the trees from front to back according to the number of the trees;
the time checking unit (65) is used for checking the displayed date and time;
the step value calculating unit (66) is used for calculating the step values of various trees according to the selected step types in the step mode displayed by the display screen (80);
the plant number counting unit (67) is used for counting the accumulated number of the trees to be investigated and measured;
the diameter order value of the forest is calculated through a diameter order regularization formula, wherein the diameter order regularization formula is as follows:
D=round（d/x，0）*x
wherein D is a radial step value; round () is a rounding function; d is the actually measured breast diameter or diameter; x is an integer number; 0 in the formula bracket indicates that the result takes an integer; * Is a multiplication sign.
2. The forest breast diameter rapid measuring tool of claim 1,
the radial step types include 1cm regularization, 2cm regularization, 4cm regularization, 6cm regularization, and 8cm regularization.
3. A forest breast diameter rapid measurement system comprising the scale host machine and an upper computer of claim 1, wherein the scale host machine comprises a controller (90), the controller (90) comprising:
the import module (91) is used for importing the unary volume table sent by the upper computer;
the display module (92) is used for setting tree species names to be surveyed and measured in a main menu of a display screen according to the forest species instruction, generating a tree species list, arranging the tree species names to be surveyed and measured in the tree species list from front to back according to the number of the tree species names, and checking corresponding dates and time;
a selection module (93) for clicking the tree name in the tree list;
the measuring module (94) is used for measuring the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, displaying and storing the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the last tree species, displaying and storing the measured data according to the last tree species by default; if the measured tree species is different from the previous tree species, selecting the corresponding tree species according to the tree species list column displayed on the display screen, and displaying and storing the selected corresponding tree species;
and the export module (95) is used for exporting the stored measurement data to the upper computer.
4. The forest breast height diameter rapid measurement system of claim 3,
the controller (90) further comprises:
the step value calculating module (96) is used for calculating the step values of various trees according to the selected step types in the step mode displayed by the display screen (80);
and the plant number counting module (97) is used for counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
5. A fast forest breast diameter measuring method is applied to the fast forest breast diameter measuring system of claim 3, and comprises the following steps:
importing a unary volume table sent by the upper computer;
according to the forest type instruction, tree species names to be surveyed and measured are set in a main menu of a display screen to generate a tree species list, the tree species names to be surveyed and measured in the tree species list are arranged from front to back according to the number of the tree species names, and corresponding dates and time are checked;
clicking tree species names in the tree species list;
measuring the breast height and forest accumulation of the tree species to be surveyed and measured according to the imported unary volume table and the name of the selected tree species, displaying and storing the measured data, and if the measured tree species is the same as the last tree species, displaying and storing the measured data according to the last tree species by default; if the measured tree species is different from the previous tree species, selecting the corresponding tree species according to the tree species list column displayed on the display screen, and displaying and storing the selected corresponding tree species;
and exporting the stored measurement data to the upper computer.
6. The forest breast height diameter rapid measuring tool of claim 5, wherein the step of measuring the tree species to be surveyed further comprises:
under the radius step mode displayed by the display screen, calculating the radius step values of various trees according to the selected radius step types;
and counting the accumulated number of various trees in the tree species to be surveyed and measured.
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