CN112909522B - Odd-even mode fused miniaturized broadband narrow-slit antenna - Google Patents
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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Abstract
The invention provides a small-sized broadband narrow-slot antenna with integrated odd-even modes, which comprises a metal floor, a dielectric layer and a micro-strip layer which are sequentially stacked, a metal column and a feed joint, wherein the metal column is arranged on the metal floor; the metal floor is provided with a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap is formed by a bending part and a flat part; the straight part is connected with the second gap through the bending part; the width of the first gap is smaller than that of the second gap; the micro-strip layer is provided with a micro-strip, one end of the micro-strip is connected with the feed joint, and the other end of the micro-strip is connected with the metal floor through a metal column; the projection of the micro-strip on the metal floor is intersected with the first gap. The stepped and bent radiation gap has miniaturized total size, ensures that the antenna has high performance of low section, broadband, odd-even mode fusion, low cross polarization, top radiation and stable radiation, furthest reduces the influence of the antenna on the appearance of a carrier, is favorable for realizing miniaturization of the antenna and improves the utilization rate of an installation space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna parts and antenna combination devices, in particular to a small-sized broadband narrow-slit antenna with odd-even mode fusion.
Background
With the rapid development of modern wireless communication systems, slot antennas are receiving more and more attention due to their advantages of low loss, small size, light weight, and the like. However, the narrow slot antenna for single mode radiation has a narrow bandwidth, which greatly limits its application in communication systems.
To solve this problem, researchers have proposed effective methods such as reducing the aspect ratio of slot antennas to 1, introducing multiple radiating slots, introducing more than one radiating slot, and introducing more than one slot antenna over the past two decadesA feed structure and the use of multiple radiation modes, etc. The patent "tightly coupled slot broadband antenna" (CN 209709179U) discloses: the bandwidth of the microstrip slot antenna is improved to 95% by arranging a plurality of rectangular slots capable of being mutually coupled on the metal floor. However, this antenna cannot maintain a stable gain over the entire operating range, the maximum gain difference reaches about 8dBi, and the introduction of multiple radiating slots increases the size of the antenna. Patent "a compact ultra wide band slot antenna" (CN 109935971 a) discloses: the grounding patch is arranged on the top surface of the dielectric plate of the antenna, which is printed with the feed balun, and a new resonant frequency is added to the grounding patch in a required working frequency band, so that the whole antenna realizes the purpose of ultra-wideband working. But the profile of the antenna reaches 0.114 lambda0The low profile characteristic of the slot antenna is destroyed. Patent No. an ultra-wideband slot antenna with filtering function (CN108539356U) improves impedance of high frequency by introducing an open slot, improves impedance of low frequency by adding a narrow-band slot near the open slot, and widens bandwidth of the slot antenna to 109%. However, this antenna needs to be implemented with a feed network, so the introduction of the feed network greatly increases the size of the antenna and requires multiple slots instead of single slot excitation. Therefore, designing the odd-even mode fused broadband top slot antenna with low profile, small size, radiation gap and stable radiation characteristics is an urgent problem to be solved in the technical field of antennas, and has great practical significance and application requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the odd-even mode fused broadband top slot antenna with low section, small size, radiation slot and stable radiation characteristics is designed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a small-sized broadband narrow slot antenna with odd-even mode fusion comprises a metal floor, a dielectric layer and a microstrip layer which are sequentially stacked, a metal column and a feed joint; the metal floor is provided with a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap is formed by a bending part and a flat part; the straight part is connected with the second gap through the bending part; the width of the first gap is smaller than that of the second gap; the microstrip layer is provided with a microstrip, one end of the microstrip is connected with the feed joint, and the other end of the microstrip is connected with the metal floor through the metal column; the projection of the micro-strip on the metal floor is intersected with the first gap.
Further, the length direction of the straight portion coincides with the length direction of the second slit.
Further, the length direction of the straight portion and the length direction of the second slot are parallel to each other, and the straight portion and the microstrip are orthogonal to each other.
Furthermore, the bending part is composed of a first bending unit and a second bending unit which are connected in sequence, the first bending unit is also connected with the straight part, and the second bending unit is also connected with the second gap; the first bending unit is perpendicular to the straight portion, and the second bending unit is parallel to the straight portion.
Further, a connection point between the metal post and the metal floor is located between the straight portion and the second gap.
Furthermore, the total length of the first slot and the second slot is L, and the central frequency free space wavelength of the antenna operating frequency band is λ, where L is greater than or equal to 0.597 λ and less than or equal to 0.628 λ.
Further, the length of the first gap is L1Width of W1(ii) a The length of the second gap is L2Width of W2(ii) a Wherein, 0.191 lambda is less than or equal to L1≤0.233λ，0.369λ≤L2≤0.433λ，0.0015λ≤W1≤0.0044λ，0.0471λ≤W2≤0.0636λ。
Further, the distance from the connecting point between the metal column and the metal floor to the first bending unit is L3Wherein 0.07 lambda is less than or equal to L3≤0.0955λ。
Further, the widths of the first bending unit, the second bending unit and the straight part are all equal; the length of the first bending unit is l1The length of the second bending unit is l2The length of the straight portion is l3Wherein 0.0356 λ is less than or equal to l1≤0.0407λ，0.0063λ≤l2≤0.0471λ，0.137λ≤l3≤0.172λ。
Furthermore, the feed connector is a coaxial connector, an inner conductor of the coaxial connector is connected with the microstrip, and an outer conductor of the coaxial connector is connected with the metal floor; the metal floor is square, and the side length is W; the microstrip is a rectangular microstrip with a length of L4Width of W3(ii) a The metal column is a metalized through hole with the radius of R; the dielectric layer is composed of a dielectric plate, the thickness of the dielectric plate is h, and the relative dielectric constant is epsilonrWherein W is more than or equal to 0.7 lambda, and 0.0114 lambda is less than or equal to W3≤0.0191λ，L4≥0.0254λ，0.0012λ≤R≤0.0063λ，0.0044λ＜h＜0.0074λ，2.33≤εr≤4.1。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: because the width of the first slot is smaller than that of the second slot, a step-shaped slot is formed, and the two modes of the odd mode CM1 and the even mode CM2 are close to each other, so that the broadband of the antenna is widened; the first gap is connected with the second gap after being bent, the proportion of reverse magnetic current of the even-mode CM2 in the length direction of the second gap is reduced, and the CM2 mode which is not radiated from the top end is converted into the top end radiation characteristic. The notch cuttype and the radiation gap of buckling, the miniaturization of gap gross size had both guaranteed that the antenna has the section low, broadband, the high performance of odd-even mode integration, low cross polarization, top radiation, stable radiation, and furthest reduces the influence of antenna to the carrier appearance again, is favorable to the antenna to realize the miniaturization, improves the utilization ratio of installation space. The CM1 is the first odd mode in the low frequency to high frequency direction, and the CM2 is the first even mode in the low frequency to high frequency direction.
Drawings
The detailed structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microstrip of a miniaturized wideband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the microstrip of the miniaturized broadband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a miniaturized broadband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a partial structure of a top view of a miniaturized broadband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a miniaturized wideband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
wherein, in fig. 1 to 5, 1-metal floor, 2-first gap, 21-first bending unit, 22-second bending unit, 23-straight part; 3-a second gap, 4-a dielectric layer, 5-a microstrip, and 6-a metal column;
fig. 6 is a pattern diagram of an odd-even mode fused miniaturized wideband slot antenna of the present invention, wherein (a) is a simulation result of the E-plane at 3.35 GHz; (b) simulation results for the H-plane at 3.35 GHz; (c) test results for the E-plane at 3.43 GHz; (d) test results for the H-plane at 3.43 GHz;
FIG. 7 is the pattern at 3.35GHz for an odd-even mode fused miniaturized wideband slot antenna of the present invention, where (a) is the simulation result for the E-plane at 4.10 GHz; (b) simulation results for the H-plane at 4.10 GHz; (c) test results for the E-plane at 4.23 GHz; (d) test results for the H-plane at 4.23 GHz;
FIG. 8 is a graph of port reflection coefficients for a small-scale broadband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph of the port gain variation of a miniaturized wideband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings based on the detailed description of the technical contents, the structural features, and the objects and effects achieved by the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a miniaturized broadband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration includes a metal floor 1, a dielectric layer 4 and a micro-strip layer, which are sequentially stacked, and further includes a metal post 6 and a feed connector; the metal floor 1 is provided with a first gap 2 and a second gap 3, and the first gap 2 is composed of a bending part and a flat part 23; the straight portion 23 is connected to the second slit 3 through the bent portion; the width of the first gap 2 is smaller than that of the second gap 3; the micro-strip layer is provided with a micro-strip 5, one end of the micro-strip 5 is connected with the feed joint, and the other end of the micro-strip is connected with the metal floor 1 through the metal column 6; the projection of the microstrip 5 on the metal floor 1 intersects the first slot 2.
The microstrip 5 is used for feeding and its connection to the metal post 6 excites a number of modes in the antenna, including a first odd mode CM1 in the low frequency to high frequency direction and a first even mode CM2 in the low frequency to high frequency direction. Because the width of the first slot 2 is smaller than that of the second slot 3, a step-shaped slot is formed, and two modes of CM1 and CM2 are close to each other, so that the broadband of the antenna is widened, and the impedance characteristic of a broadband is realized; the first gap 2 is connected with the second gap 3 after being bent, the proportion of reverse magnetic current of the CM2 in the length direction of the second gap 3 is reduced, and the CM2 mode which is not top radiation is converted into top radiation characteristic. The stepped and bent radiation gap has miniaturized total size, ensures that the antenna has high performance of low section, broadband, odd-even mode fusion, low cross polarization, top radiation and stable radiation, furthest reduces the influence of the antenna on the appearance of the carrier, is favorable for realizing miniaturization of the antenna and improves the utilization rate of installation space.
Example 2
In the above configuration, the longitudinal direction of the straight portion 23 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the second slit 3.
Example 3
On the basis of the above structure, the length direction of the straight portion 23 and the length direction of the second slot 3 are parallel to each other, and the straight portion 23 and the microstrip 5 are orthogonal to each other.
Example 4
On the basis of the structure, the bending part is composed of a first bending unit 21 and a second bending unit 22 which are connected in sequence, the first bending unit 21 is further connected with the straight part 23, and the second bending unit 22 is further connected with the second gap 3; the first bending unit 21 is perpendicular to the straight portion 23, and the second bending unit 22 is parallel to the straight portion 23.
Example 5
On the basis of the above structure, the connection point between the metal post 6 and the metal floor 1 is located between the straight portion 23 and the second slit 3.
Example 6
On the basis of the structure, the total length of the first slot 2 and the second slot 3 is L, the central frequency free space wavelength of the antenna working frequency band is lambda, wherein L is more than or equal to 0.597 lambda and less than or equal to 0.628 lambda.
Example 7
On the basis of the structure, the length of the first gap is L1Width of W1(ii) a The length of the second gap is L2Width of W2(ii) a Wherein, 0.191 lambda is less than or equal to L1≤0.233λ，0.369λ≤L2≤0.433λ，0.0015λ≤W1≤0.0044λ，0.0471λ≤W2≤0.0636λ。
Example 8
On the basis of the structure, the distance from the connecting point between the metal column 6 and the metal floor 1 to the first bending unit 21 is L3Wherein 0.07 lambda is less than or equal to L3≤0.0955λ。
Example 9
In addition to the above structure, the widths of the first bending unit 21, the second bending unit 22 and the straight portion 23 are all equal; the first bending unit 21 has a length l1The length of the second bending unit 22 is l2The length of the straight portion 23 is l3Wherein 0.0356 λ is less than or equal to l1≤0.0407λ，0.0063λ≤l2≤0.0471λ，0.137λ≤l3≤0.172λ。
Example 10
On the basis of the structure, the feed connector is a coaxial connector, the inner conductor of the coaxial connector is connected with the microstrip 5, and the outer conductor of the coaxial connector is connected with the metal groundThe plates 1 are connected; the metal floor 1 is square, and the side length is W; the microstrip 5 is a rectangular microstrip with a length L4Width of W3(ii) a The metal column 6 is a metalized through hole with a radius of R; the dielectric layer 4 is composed of a dielectric plate with a thickness of h and a relative dielectric constant of epsilonrWherein W is more than or equal to 0.7 lambda, and 0.0114 lambda is less than or equal to W3≤0.0191λ，L4≥0.0254λ，0.0012λ≤R≤0.0063λ，0.0044λ＜h＜0.0074λ，2.33≤εr≤4.1。
Test examples
A small-sized broadband narrow-slit antenna with odd-even mode fusion comprises a metal floor 1, a dielectric layer 4 and a micro-strip layer which are sequentially stacked, and further comprises a metal column 6 and a feed connector; the metal floor 1 is provided with a first gap 2 and a second gap 3, and the first gap 2 is composed of a bending part and a flat part 23; the straight portion 23 is connected to the second slit 3 through the bent portion; the width of the first gap 2 is smaller than that of the second gap 3; the microstrip layer is provided with a microstrip 5, one end of the microstrip 5 is connected with the feed joint, and the other end of the microstrip is connected with the metal floor 1 through the metal column 6. The microstrip 5 is a rectangular microstrip, the length direction of the straight portion 23 is parallel to the length direction of the second slot 3, and the straight portion 23 is orthogonal to the microstrip 5. The bending part is composed of a first bending unit 21 and a second bending unit 22 which are connected in sequence, the first bending unit 21 is further connected with the straight part 23, and the second bending unit 22 is further connected with the second gap 3; the first bending unit 21 is perpendicular to the straight portion 23, and the second bending unit 22 is parallel to the straight portion 23. The connection point between the metal stud 6 and the metal floor 1 is located between the straight portion 23 and the second gap 3. In the first slit 2, the widths of the first bending unit 21, the second bending unit 22 and the flat portion 23 are all W1The length of the first bending unit 21 is l1The length of the second bending unit 22 is l2The length of the straight portion 23 is l3(ii) a The second gap 3 has a length L2Width of W2(ii) a The metal post 6 andthe distance from the connecting point between the metal floors 1 to the first bending unit 21 is L3(ii) a The feed joint is a coaxial joint, the inner conductor of the feed joint is connected with the microstrip 5, and the outer conductor of the feed joint is connected with the metal floor 1; the metal floor 1 is square, and the side length is W; the micro-strip 5 is a rectangular micro-strip with a length of L4Width of W3(ii) a The metal column 6 is a metalized through hole with a radius of R; the dielectric layer 4 is formed by F4B dielectric plates, the thickness of the dielectric plate is h, and the relative dielectric constant is epsilonrWherein l1＝3mm，l2＝3.2mm，l3＝11.2mm，W1＝0.2mm，L2＝30mm，W2＝4mm，L3＝7.25mm，L4＝40.8mm，W3＝1.1mm，R＝0.4mm，h＝0.5mm，εr＝3.5，W＝80mm。
To further discuss the beneficial effects of the present invention, simulation software and test methods are used to simulate and test the port reflection coefficient, the antenna pattern and the gain of the antenna of the above test example, and the test results are shown in fig. 6 to fig. 9.
Fig. 8 is a graph of port reflection coefficient with operating frequency variation obtained from simulation and testing of the antenna of the experimental example. As can be seen from fig. 8, the ports exhibit good broadband characteristics. In simulation results, the frequency band with the port reflection coefficient lower than-10 dB is 3.18GHz-4.31GHz, namely the impedance bandwidth is 30.1%; the frequency band with the port reflection coefficient lower than-10 dB in the test result is 3.22GHz-4.42GHz, namely the impedance bandwidth is 31.4%, the measured result is well matched with the simulation result, and the broadband characteristic of the odd-even mode fused narrow slot antenna is well realized.
FIG. 6 is the E-plane and H-plane patterns for simulation and testing of the experimental example, where (a) is the simulation result for the E-plane at 3.35 GHz; (b) simulation results for the H-plane at 3.35 GHz; (c) test results for the E-plane at 3.43 GHz; (d) is the test result for the H-plane at 3.43 GHz. FIG. 7 is the E-plane and H-plane patterns for the simulation and test of the experimental example, where (a) is the simulation result for the E-plane at 4.10 GHz; (b) simulation results for the H-plane at 4.10 GHz; (c) test results for the E-plane at 4.23 GHz; (d) is the test result for the H-plane at 4.23 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 6 and 7, the antenna not only obtains the top radiation pattern in the low frequency band and the high frequency band, respectively, but also obtains low cross polarization below-12.3 dB.
Fig. 9 shows gains of the test example antenna in simulation and test. As can be seen from fig. 9, the antenna obtains a stable gain of around 5dBi over the broadband operating range.
In summary, according to the miniaturized wideband slot antenna with odd-even mode integration provided by the invention, because the width of the first slot is smaller than that of the second slot, a step-shaped slot is formed, and the two modes CM1 and CM2 are close to each other, so that the wideband of the antenna is widened; the first gap is connected with the second gap after being bent, the proportion of reverse magnetic current of the CM2 in the length direction of the second gap is reduced, and the CM2 mode which is not radiated from the top end is converted into the top end radiation characteristic. The stepped and bent radiation gap has miniaturized total size, ensures that the antenna has high performance of low profile, broadband, odd-even mode fusion, low cross polarization, top radiation and stable radiation, furthest reduces the influence of the antenna on the appearance of the carrier, is favorable for realizing miniaturization of the antenna and improves the utilization rate of installation space.
The first … … and the second … … are only used for name differentiation and do not represent how different the importance and position of the two are.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A small-sized broadband narrow slot antenna with odd-even mode fusion is characterized by comprising a metal floor, a dielectric layer and a microstrip layer which are sequentially stacked, a metal column and a feed joint; the metal floor is provided with a first gap and a second gap, and the first gap is formed by a bending part and a flat part; the straight part passes through the bending part and the second gapConnecting; the width of the first gap is smaller than that of the second gap; the microstrip layer is provided with a microstrip, one end of the microstrip is connected with the feed joint, and the other end of the microstrip is connected with the metal floor through the metal column; the projection of the micro-strip on the metal floor is intersected with the first gap; the length direction of the straight part is parallel to that of the second gap, and the straight part is orthogonal to the microstrip; the bending part is composed of a first bending unit and a second bending unit which are connected in sequence, the first bending unit is further connected with the straight part, and the second bending unit is further connected with the second gap; the first bending unit is perpendicular to the straight part, and the second bending unit is parallel to the straight part; the widths of the first bending unit, the second bending unit and the straight part are equal; a connection point between the metal post and the metal floor is located between the straight portion and the second gap; the total length of the first gap and the second gap is L, the central frequency free space wavelength of the antenna working frequency band is lambda, wherein L is more than or equal to 0.597 lambda and less than or equal to 0.628 lambda; the length of the first gap is L1Width of W1(ii) a The length of the second gap is L2Width of W2(ii) a Wherein, 0.191 lambda is less than or equal to L1≤0.233λ，0.369λ≤L2≤0.433λ，0.0015λ≤W1≤0.0044λ，0.0471λ≤W2≤0.0636λ。
2. The odd-even mode fused miniaturized broadband slot antenna according to claim 1, wherein a distance L from a connection point between the metal pillar and the metal floor to the first bending unit3Wherein 0.07 lambda is less than or equal to L3≤0.0955λ。
3. The odd-even mode fused miniaturized wideband slot antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein the length of the first meander element is/1The length of the second bending unit is l2The length of the straight portion is l3Wherein 0.0356 λ is less than or equal to l1≤0.0407λ，0.0063λ≤l2≤0.0471λ，0.137λ≤l3≤0.172λ。
4. The odd-even mode-fused miniaturized wideband slot antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed connector is a coaxial connector, an inner conductor of which is connected to the microstrip and an outer conductor of which is connected to the metal ground plate; the metal floor is square, and the side length is W; the microstrip is a rectangular microstrip with a length of L4Width of W3(ii) a The metal column is a metalized through hole with the radius of R; the dielectric layer is composed of a dielectric plate, the thickness of the dielectric plate is h, and the relative dielectric constant is epsilonrWherein W is more than or equal to 0.7 lambda, and 0.0114 lambda is less than or equal to W3≤0.0191λ，L4≥0.0254λ，0.0012λ≤R≤0.0063λ，0.0044λ＜h＜0.0074λ，2.33≤εr≤4.1。
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| CN110518349A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-29 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of more radiation mode resonant antennas |
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| CN112909522A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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