CN112889771B - Monitoring method for plant diseases and insect pests - Google Patents
Monitoring method for plant diseases and insect pests Download PDFInfo
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- CN112889771B CN112889771B CN202110093895.8A CN202110093895A CN112889771B CN 112889771 B CN112889771 B CN 112889771B CN 202110093895 A CN202110093895 A CN 202110093895A CN 112889771 B CN112889771 B CN 112889771B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
- A01M2200/01—Insects
- A01M2200/012—Flying insects
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest and disease damage monitoring, and particularly relates to a method for monitoring pests and diseases; the monitoring device used in the method comprises a light trapping module; the light trapping module comprises a monitoring box, a supporting rod, a ceiling, a solar panel, a motor, a rotating disc, a trap lamp tube, a sleeve and an impact screen; the monitoring box is fixed on the ground; supporting rods are arranged at four corners of the top of the monitoring box; a ceiling is arranged above the supporting rod and fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting rod; solar panels are arranged on the periphery of the ceiling and convert light energy into electric energy to supply power for each power utilization module of the monitoring device; a motor is fixedly connected below the ceiling through a motor support; the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating disc; the lower surface of the rotating disc is provided with an insect-attracting lamp tube; the invention is mainly used for solving the problems of low insect collecting efficiency, low trapping speed and small control range of the insect situation monitoring device in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest and disease damage monitoring, and particularly relates to a pest and disease damage monitoring method.
Background
Garden pest monitoring and control are key and difficult points in current urban garden management, garden plants are often fragile and unstable in garden ecological systems due to definite plant configuration, are easily damaged by various plant diseases and insect pests, are easy to cause disasters, and have serious influence on garden plants and landscapes, such as causing growth of the garden plants to be weak and even death; the plant is weak and the damage of plant diseases and insect pests is serious; the sucking pests secrete honeydew to cause sooty mould to affect the environmental sanitation and the like. In garden pests, the harm of the trunk borers and the piercing-sucking pests is very serious, the harm of the trunk borers often causes plant death, the monitoring of the trunk borers is very difficult, effective prevention and control means are very lacking, and the traditional medicine has very little prevention and control effect; piercing-sucking pests are of a wide variety and widespread, often with major outbreaks resulting in debilitation of the host plant and associated serious environmental sanitary problems.
Also some technical scheme about pest control method has appeared among the prior art, has disclosed a pest trapping device and pest remote identification monitored control system like chinese patent with application number 2013102306318, pest trapping device includes top cap, funnel seat, collection worm ware and the control unit, be equipped with the passageway that only can supply the pest list to pass through one by one between funnel seat and the collection worm ware, the passageway lateral wall is equipped with counting assembly and infrared induction miniature camera head, the quantity of infrared induction miniature camera head is four at least, locates the same height of passageway and along passageway circumference evenly distributed. The pest remote identification monitoring system comprises the pest trapping device and a remote data center.
Although this scheme utilizes the miniature camera head of installation infrared induction to gather the image information of single pest to count the pest, can effectively monitor the insect pest condition, monitor trapping device collection worm inefficiency in this scheme, the speed of traping is slow and control range is little.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for monitoring plant diseases and insect pests, and the method is mainly used for solving the problems of low insect collecting efficiency, low trapping speed and small control range of an insect situation monitoring device in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a monitoring method of pests and diseases comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting an area to be monitored and investigated, planning an investigation period in advance, selecting points to install an insect condition monitoring device, then switching on a power supply of the monitoring device, turning on a controller switch, setting the starting and closing time of each module on a menu bar after a display screen in a monitoring box is lighted up, and then locking a cabinet door of the monitoring box;
s2: in the working process of the monitoring device, the light trapping module and the biological trapping module are used for trapping pests, and the pests impact on the impact screen in the flying process and fall into the monitoring box through the pest collecting funnel after being artificially killed;
s3: pests in the monitoring box are killed through infrared heating treatment, meanwhile, a camera in the monitoring box collects photos of the pest corpses, the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module are transmitted to the Internet of things terminal, and workers make a solution according to real-time pest and disease damage information and manage the solution in time;
wherein the monitoring device used in S1 comprises a light trapping module; the light trapping module comprises a monitoring box, a supporting rod, a ceiling, a solar panel, a motor, a rotating disc, a trap lamp tube, a sleeve and an impact screen; the monitoring box is fixed on the ground; supporting rods are arranged at four corners of the top of the monitoring box; a ceiling is arranged above the supporting rod and fixedly arranged at the top of the supporting rod; solar panels are arranged on the periphery of the ceiling and convert light energy into electric energy to supply power for each power utilization module of the monitoring device; a motor is fixedly connected below the ceiling through a motor support; the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a rotating disc; the lower surface of the rotating disc is provided with an insect-attracting lamp tube; the outer side of the insect-attracting lamp tube is sleeved with a sleeve, and the upper end of the sleeve is fixed on the rotating disc; the sleeve is made of transparent material; four impact screens made of glass materials are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sleeve at equal intervals; a pest collecting funnel is arranged in the middle of the top of the monitoring box; the lower end of the insect collecting funnel is communicated with the top of the monitoring box; a biological trapping module is arranged on the impact screen;
aiming at the current common garden pest groups in the traditional technology, a pest trapping lamp tube is often adopted as a pest trapping light source, the pest impacts an impact screen to cause false death in the flying process and then falls into a pest collecting funnel to achieve the trapping control effect; in the traditional technology, the position of the impact screen is relatively fixed, and only automatic impact of pests can be waited, so that the false death speed of the pests is low and the trapping rate is low;
in the invention, the working time of the insect trapping lamp tube is set in advance, the controller controls the motor and the insect trapping lamp tube to start automatically at night, and at the moment, the light induces the nocturnal insects with the light-repelling property to fly and fly out of the insect trapping lamp tube; meanwhile, the motor drives the rotating disc to rotate, and the sleeve and the impact screen synchronously rotate along with the rotating disc at the moment because the sleeve is fixedly connected with the rotating disc; the collision screen actively beats pests and enables the pests to be falsely killed in the rotation process, the falsely killed pests fall into the pest collecting funnel and finally fall into the monitoring box, the pest collecting box used for collecting the pests is arranged in the monitoring box, the pests are simultaneously treated by infrared heating, so that the pests can die after falling in 3-5 minutes, meanwhile, a camera in the monitoring box collects photos of the pest bodies, and the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module are transmitted to the terminal of the Internet of things; the insect-attracting lamp tube is automatically closed in the daytime; the biological trapping module traps and kills pests by using the pest pheromone, so that the device can monitor the dynamic rules and conditions of pests in an investigation region all weather, reduce the possibility of occurrence and outbreak of garden pests and finally reduce the economic loss caused by the garden pests;
according to the invention, the motor drives the impact screen to rotate, so that the impact screen actively beats pests and causes the pests to die, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; meanwhile, the arrangement of the sleeve can protect the insect-trapping lamp tube, so that the service life of the insect-trapping lamp tube is prolonged.
Preferably, the biological trap module comprises a mounting frame, a compression spring and an attraction core; mounting frames are fixedly mounted on two side surfaces of the impact screen; a lure core is arranged in the mounting frame; the lure core is inserted into the mounting frame through a compression spring; when the lure core fixing device works, one end of the lure core is firstly clamped into the mounting frame, so that the compression spring close to the end is extruded and shortened and then clamped into the other end of the lure core, and at the moment, the compression spring simultaneously supports the upper surface and the lower surface of the lure core tightly, so that the lure core is fixed; the lure core contains insect pheromone, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm, high sensitivity, strong specificity and environmental protection; the insect pheromone can attract the insect to fly to the rotating impact screen so as to cause the false death of the insect, and meanwhile, the attracting core rotates along with the impact screen, so that the insect pheromone can be accelerated to spread in the air under the action of wind power, the time for trapping the insect is shortened, and the trapping efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; and because the two sides of the impact screen can be provided with the lure cores and the impact screen is four, the pest trap device can flexibly trap one or more kinds of pests aiming at outbreak pests, and solves the problem that the types of the pests monitored and trapped by the traditional monitoring device are single.
Preferably, a cleaning module is arranged below the impact screen; the cleaning module comprises a brush plate and brush bristles; the brush plate is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the impact screen, and the bottom surface of the brush plate has the same inclination angle with the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel; the bristles are arranged on the lower surface of the brush plate, and the lower ends of the bristles are tightly propped against the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel; the impact screen drives the brush plate to synchronously rotate when rotating, the bristles clean the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel, so that pests adhered to the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel can be quickly swept down, meanwhile, the bristles are soft bristles, the pests can be further flapped in the cleaning process, and the pests which are artificially dead are prevented from escaping after waking up, so that the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is further improved.
Preferably, the middle part of the supporting rod is provided with a guide net; the lower end of the guide net is fixed on the outer wall of the insect collecting funnel; because the angles and the positions of the pests are different when the flying insect-catching funnel collides, the pests can not be ensured to accurately fall into the pest collecting funnel after all the pests are falsely killed, and the guide net can intercept the pests which fall to the outer side of the pest collecting funnel at the moment, so that the collection efficiency of the pest collecting funnel on the falsely killed pests is improved.
Preferably, a heating module is arranged outside the insect collecting funnel; the heating module comprises a base and a heating sleeve; the base is fixed at the top of the monitoring box; the base is provided with a heating sleeve; the heating sleeve is positioned around the insect collecting funnel; during rainy day during operation, be stained with the water droplet on the pest wing, moist pest is more easily adhered at the collection worm funnel inboard, in order to prevent that the brush hair is difficult to clean in rainy day, the heating module is from opening this moment, make the heating jacket heat collection worm funnel, heating jacket operating temperature is 40 ℃ -60 ℃, can dry the pest of adhesion and handle and die to it, prevent that the false dead pest from escaping after reviving, make the more smooth work of cleaning of developing of brush hair simultaneously, thereby reduce the influence that the weather factor caused to monitoring device trapping efficiency.
Preferably, a paper clamping groove is formed in the outer side face of the impact screen and used for placing the insect trapping plate; when the investigation area is a vegetable garden or a tea garden, pests such as leaf miner, aphid, leaf miner, pear stem bee, tea lesser leafhopper, thrips and the like are frequently required to be monitored and trapped and killed, and at the moment, workers can insert yellow or blue insect trapping plates into the paperboard grooves; the yellow-blue insect attracting plate attracts insects by using a special spectrum, so that the environmental applicability of the device is enhanced.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the monitoring method for the plant diseases and insect pests, the monitoring device used in the method enables the impact screen to actively flap the pests and cause the pests to die through the design of the impact screen, so that the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; meanwhile, the arrangement of the sleeve can protect the insect-trapping lamp tube, so that the service life of the insect-trapping lamp tube is prolonged.
2. According to the monitoring method for the plant diseases and insect pests, the design of the bristles can be used for quickly sweeping off the pests adhered to the inner side surface of the pest collecting funnel, so that the false-dead pests are prevented from escaping after reviving, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is further improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a monitoring device used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a monitoring device used in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 4 at B;
in the figure: the insect trap comprises a light trap module 1, a monitoring box 11, a support rod 12, a ceiling 13, a solar panel 14, a motor 15, a rotating disc 16, an insect trapping lamp tube 17, a sleeve 18, an impact screen 19, a paper jam groove 191, an insect collecting funnel 2, a guide net 21, a biological trap module 3, a mounting frame 31, a compression spring 32, a trap core 33, a cleaning module 4, a brush plate 41, bristles 42, a heating module 5, a base 51 and a heating sleeve 52.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the monitoring method for diseases and insect pests of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting an area to be monitored and investigated, planning an investigation period in advance, selecting points to install an insect condition monitoring device, then switching on a power supply of the monitoring device, turning on a controller switch, setting the starting and closing time of each module on a menu bar after a display screen in the monitoring box 11 is lightened, and then locking a cabinet door of the monitoring box 11;
s2: in the working process of the monitoring device, the light trapping module 1 and the biological trapping module 3 are used for trapping pests, and the pests impact on the impact screen 19 in the flying process and fall into the monitoring box 11 through the pest collecting funnel 2 after being pseudodead;
s3: pests in the monitoring box 11 are killed by infrared heating treatment, meanwhile, a camera in the monitoring box 11 collects photos of the pest corpses and transmits the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module to the terminal of the Internet of things, and workers make a solution according to information of the pests and diseases provided in real time and timely manage the pests and diseases;
wherein the monitoring device used in S1 comprises a light trapping module 1; the light trapping module 1 comprises a monitoring box 11, a support rod 12, a ceiling 13, a solar panel 14, a motor 15, a rotating disc 16, an insect trapping lamp tube 17, a sleeve 18 and a collision screen 19; the monitoring box 11 is fixed on the ground; supporting rods 12 are arranged at four corners of the top of the monitoring box 11; a ceiling 13 is arranged above the support rods 12, and the ceiling 13 is fixedly arranged at the tops of the support rods 12; solar panels 14 are arranged on the periphery of the ceiling 13, and the solar panels 14 convert light energy into electric energy to supply power for all power utilization modules of the monitoring device; a motor 15 is fixedly connected below the ceiling 13 through a motor support; the output end of the motor 15 is fixedly connected with a rotating disc 16; the lower surface of the rotating disc 16 is provided with an insect attracting lamp tube 17; the outer side of the insect-attracting lamp tube 17 is sleeved with a sleeve 18, and the upper end of the sleeve 18 is fixed on the rotating disc 16; the sleeve 18 is made of transparent material; four impact screens 19 made of glass are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sleeve 18 at equal intervals; the middle position of the top of the monitoring box 11 is provided with a pest collecting funnel 2; the lower end of the insect collecting funnel 2 is communicated with the top of the monitoring box 11; the impact screen 19 is provided with a biological trapping module 3;
aiming at the current common garden pest groups in the traditional technology, a pest trapping lamp tube 17 is usually adopted as a pest trapping light source, the pests impact an impact screen 19 in the flying process to cause false death and then fall into a pest collecting funnel 2 to achieve the effect of trapping and controlling; in the traditional technology, the position of the impact screen 19 is relatively fixed, and only the automatic impact of pests can be waited, and at the moment, the false death speed of the pests is low and the trapping rate is low;
in the invention, the working time of the insect trapping lamp tube 17 is set in advance, the night controller controls the motor 15 and the insect trapping lamp tube 17 to start automatically, at the moment, the light induces the night walking insects with the light-repelling property to fly and fly out of the insect trapping lamp tube 17, and the transparent sleeve 18 is arranged outside the insect trapping lamp tube 17, so that the lamp tube can be protected, and the service life of the insect trapping lamp tube 17 is prolonged; meanwhile, the motor 15 drives the rotating disc 16 to rotate, and the sleeve 18 and the impact screen 19 synchronously rotate along with the rotating disc 16 at the moment because the sleeve 18 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 16; the collision screen 19 actively beats pests and enables the pests to be falsely killed in the rotation process, the falsely killed pests fall into the pest collecting funnel 2 and finally fall into the monitoring box 11, a pest collecting box for collecting the pests is arranged in the monitoring box 11, the pests are simultaneously treated by infrared heating, so that the pests can die after falling in 3-5 minutes, meanwhile, a camera in the monitoring box 11 collects photos of the pest bodies, and the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module are transmitted to the terminal of the internet of things; the insect-attracting lamp tube 17 is automatically closed in the daytime; the biological trapping module 3 traps and kills pests by using the pest pheromone, so that the device can monitor the dynamic rules and conditions of pests in an investigation region all weather, reduce the possibility of occurrence and outbreak of garden pests and finally reduce the economic loss caused by the garden pests;
according to the invention, the motor 15 drives the impact screen 19 to rotate, so that the impact screen 19 actively flares pests and causes the pests to die, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; meanwhile, the sleeve 18 can protect the insect-trapping lamp tube 17, so that the service life of the insect-trapping lamp tube 17 is prolonged.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the bio-trap module 3 includes a mounting frame 31, a compression spring 32, and an attraction core 33; the two side surfaces of the impact screen 19 are both fixedly provided with mounting frames 31; a lure core 33 is arranged in the mounting frame 31; the lure core 33 is inserted into the mounting frame 31 through the compression spring 32; when the device works, one end of the lure core 33 is firstly clamped into the mounting frame 31, so that the compression spring 32 close to the end is extruded and shortened and then clamped into the other end of the lure core 33, and at the moment, the compression spring 32 simultaneously supports the upper surface and the lower surface of the lure core 33 tightly, so that the lure core 33 is fixed; the lure core 33 contains insect pheromone, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm, high sensitivity, strong specificity and environmental protection; the insect pheromone can attract the insect to fly to the rotating impact screen 19 so as to cause the false death of the insect, and meanwhile, the attracting core 33 rotates along with the impact screen 19, so that the insect pheromone can be accelerated to be spread in the air under the action of wind power, the time for trapping the insect is shortened, and the trapping efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; and because the two sides of the impact screen 19 can be provided with the lure 33, and the impact screen 19 is four, the invention can flexibly trap one or more pests aiming at outbreak pests, and solves the problem that the type of the pests monitored and trapped by the traditional monitoring device is single.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning module 4 is arranged below the impact screen 19; the sweeping module 4 comprises a brush plate 41 and bristles 42; the brush plate 41 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the impact screen 19, and the bottom surface of the brush plate 41 has the same inclination angle with the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2; the bristles 42 are arranged on the lower surface of the brush plate 41, and the lower ends of the bristles 42 are tightly propped against the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2; the impact screen 19 drives the brush plate 41 to rotate synchronously when rotating, the brush bristles 42 clean the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2 at the moment, so that pests adhered to the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2 can be quickly swept away, meanwhile, the brush bristles 42 are soft brush bristles 42, the pests can be further flapped in the cleaning process, the false dead pests are prevented from escaping after waking up, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is further improved.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a guide net 21 is installed in the middle of the supporting rod 12; the lower end of the guide net 21 is fixed on the outer wall of the insect collecting funnel 2; because the angles and the positions of the pests are different when the flying insect is impacted, the pests can not accurately fall into the pest collecting funnel 2 after all the pests are killed by mistake, and the guide net 21 can intercept the pests which fall to the outer side of the pest collecting funnel 2 at the moment, so that the collection efficiency of the pest collecting funnel 2 on the pests which are killed by mistake is increased.
As an embodiment of the invention, a heating module 5 is arranged outside the insect collecting funnel 2; the heating module 5 comprises a base 51 and a heating jacket 52; the base 51 is fixed on the top of the monitoring box 11; a heating sleeve 52 is arranged on the base 51; the heating sleeve 52 is positioned around the insect collecting funnel 2; during the rainy day work, be stained with the water droplet on the pest wing, moist pest is more easily adhered to in album worm funnel 2 inboard, in order to prevent that brush hair 42 is difficult to clean in the rainy day, heating module 5 is from opening this moment, make heating jacket 52 heat collection worm funnel 2, heating jacket 52 operating temperature is 40 ℃ -60 ℃, can carry out drying process and die to the pest of adhesion, prevent that the false dead pest from escaping after reviving, make the more smooth work of cleaning of brush hair 42 simultaneously, thereby reduce the influence that the weather factor caused to monitoring device trap efficiency.
As an embodiment of the invention, a paper clamping groove 191 is formed on the outer side surface of the impact screen 19, and the paper clamping groove 191 is used for placing an insect attracting plate; when the investigation area is a vegetable garden or a tea garden, pests such as leaf miner, aphid, leaf miner, pear stem bee, tea lesser leafhopper, thrips and the like are often required to be monitored and trapped, and at the moment, a worker can insert a yellow or blue insect trapping plate into the card paper groove 191; the yellow-blue insect attracting plate attracts insects by using a special spectrum, so that the environmental applicability of the device is enhanced.
Aiming at the current common garden pest groups in the traditional technology, a pest trapping lamp tube 17 is usually adopted as a pest trapping light source, the pests impact an impact screen 19 in the flying process to cause false death and then fall into a pest collecting funnel 2 to achieve the effect of trapping and controlling; in the traditional technology, the position of the impact screen 19 is relatively fixed, and only the automatic impact of pests can be waited, and at the moment, the false death speed of the pests is low and the trapping rate is low; in the invention, the working time of the insect trapping lamp tube 17 is set in advance, the night controller controls the motor 15 and the insect trapping lamp tube 17 to start automatically, at the moment, the light induces the night walking insects with the light-repelling property to fly and fly out of the insect trapping lamp tube 17, and the transparent sleeve 18 is arranged outside the insect trapping lamp tube 17, so that the lamp tube can be protected, and the service life of the insect trapping lamp tube 17 is prolonged; meanwhile, the motor 15 drives the rotating disc 16 to rotate, and the sleeve 18 and the impact screen 19 synchronously rotate along with the rotating disc 16 at the moment because the sleeve 18 is fixedly connected with the rotating disc 16; the collision screen 19 actively beats pests and enables the pests to be falsely killed in the rotation process, the falsely killed pests fall into the pest collecting funnel 2 and finally fall into the monitoring box 11, a pest collecting box for collecting the pests is arranged in the monitoring box 11, the pests are simultaneously treated by infrared heating, so that the pests can die after falling in 3-5 minutes, meanwhile, a camera in the monitoring box 11 collects photos of the pest bodies, and the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module are transmitted to the terminal of the internet of things; the insect-attracting lamp tube 17 is automatically closed in the daytime; the biological trapping module 3 traps and kills pests by using the pest pheromone, so that the device can monitor the dynamic rules and conditions of pests in an investigation region all weather, reduce the possibility of occurrence and outbreak of garden pests and finally reduce the economic loss caused by the garden pests; according to the invention, the motor 15 drives the impact screen 19 to rotate, so that the impact screen 19 actively flares pests and causes the pests to die, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; meanwhile, the sleeve 18 can protect the insect-trapping lamp tube 17, so that the service life of the insect-trapping lamp tube 17 is prolonged; when the device works, one end of the lure core 33 is firstly clamped into the mounting frame 31, so that the compression spring 32 close to the end is extruded and shortened and then clamped into the other end of the lure core 33, and at the moment, the compression spring 32 simultaneously supports the upper surface and the lower surface of the lure core 33 tightly, so that the lure core 33 is fixed; the lure core 33 contains insect pheromone, and has the characteristics of no toxicity, no harm, high sensitivity, strong specificity and environmental protection; the insect pheromone can attract the insect to fly to the rotating impact screen 19 so as to cause the false death of the insect, and meanwhile, the attracting core 33 rotates along with the impact screen 19, so that the insect pheromone can be accelerated to be spread in the air under the action of wind power, the time for trapping the insect is shortened, and the trapping efficiency of the monitoring device is improved; as the two sides of the impact screen 19 can be provided with the lure 33, and the impact screen 19 is provided with four pieces, the invention can flexibly trap one or more kinds of pests aiming at outbreak pests, and solves the problem that the types of the pests monitored and trapped by the traditional monitoring device are single; meanwhile, the impact screen 19 drives the brush plate 41 to synchronously rotate when rotating, and the bristles 42 clean the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2 at the moment, so that pests adhered to the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel 2 can be quickly swept away, meanwhile, the bristles 42 are soft bristles 42, the pests can be further flapped in the cleaning process, the false-dead pests are prevented from escaping after reviving, and the catching and killing efficiency of the monitoring device is further improved; because the angles and the positions of the pests are different when the flying insect is impacted, the pests can not be guaranteed to accurately fall into the pest collecting funnel 2 after being killed by false, and at the moment, the guide net 21 can intercept the pests which fall to the outer side of the pest collecting funnel 2, so that the collection efficiency of the pest collecting funnel 2 on the pests which are killed by false is improved; when the monitoring device works in rainy days, water drops are adhered to the wings of pests, wet pests are more easily adhered to the inner side of the pest collecting funnel 2, in order to prevent the bristles 42 from being difficult to clean in rainy days, the heating module 5 is started automatically at the moment, so that the heating sleeve 52 heats the pest collecting funnel 2, the working temperature of the heating sleeve 52 is 40-60 ℃, the adhered pests can be dried and die, the false-dead pests are prevented from escaping after reviving, and meanwhile, the bristles 42 can more smoothly perform cleaning work, so that the influence of weather factors on the trapping efficiency of the monitoring device is reduced; when the investigation area is a vegetable garden or a tea garden, pests such as leaf miner, aphid, leaf miner, pear stem bee, tea lesser leafhopper, thrips and the like are often required to be monitored and trapped, and at the moment, a worker can insert a yellow or blue insect trapping plate into the card paper groove 191; the yellow-blue insect attracting plate attracts insects by using a special spectrum, so that the environmental applicability of the device is enhanced.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on the figure 2 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A monitoring method for plant diseases and insect pests is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting an area to be monitored and investigated, planning an investigation period in advance, selecting points to install an insect condition monitoring device, then switching on a power supply of the monitoring device, turning on a controller switch, setting the starting and closing time of each module on a menu bar after a display screen in a monitoring box (11) is lightened, and then locking a cabinet door of the monitoring box (11);
s2: in the working process of the monitoring device, the light trapping module (1) and the biological trapping module (3) are used for trapping pests, and the pests impact on the impact screen (19) in the flying process and fall into the monitoring box (11) through the pest collecting hopper (2) after being pseudodead;
s3: pests in the monitoring box (11) are killed by infrared heating treatment, a camera in the monitoring box (11) collects photos of the pest corpses, the photos and analysis data comprehensively analyzed by the data analysis module are transmitted to the Internet of things terminal, and workers make a solution according to real-time provided pest and disease information and manage the pest and disease in time;
wherein, the monitoring device used in S1 comprises a light trapping module (1); the light trapping module (1) comprises a monitoring box (11), a support rod (12), a ceiling (13), a solar panel (14), a motor (15), a rotating disc (16), an insect-luring lamp tube (17), a sleeve (18) and an impact screen (19); the monitoring box (11) is fixed on the ground; supporting rods (12) are arranged at four corners of the top of the monitoring box (11); a ceiling (13) is arranged above the support rod (12), and the ceiling (13) is fixedly arranged at the top of the support rod (12); solar panels (14) are arranged on the periphery of the ceiling (13), and the solar panels (14) convert light energy into electric energy to supply power for all power utilization modules of the monitoring device; a motor (15) is fixedly connected below the ceiling (13) through a motor support; the output end of the motor (15) is fixedly connected with a rotating disc (16); the lower surface of the rotating disc (16) is provided with an insect attracting lamp tube (17); the outer side of the insect-attracting lamp tube (17) is sleeved with a sleeve (18), and the upper end of the sleeve (18) is fixed on the rotating disc (16); the sleeve (18) is made of transparent material; four impact screens (19) made of glass are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the sleeve (18) at equal intervals; a pest collecting funnel (2) is arranged in the middle of the top of the monitoring box (11); the lower end of the insect collecting funnel (2) is communicated with the top of the monitoring box (11); a biological trapping module (3) is arranged on the impact screen (19);
the biological trapping module (3) comprises a mounting frame (31), a compression spring (32) and a trapping core (33); mounting frames (31) are fixedly mounted on two side faces of the impact screen (19); a lure core (33) is arranged in the mounting frame (31); the lure core (33) is inserted into the mounting frame (31) through a compression spring (32);
a cleaning module (4) is arranged below the impact screen (19); the cleaning module (4) comprises a brush plate (41) and bristles (42); the brush plate (41) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the impact screen (19), and the bottom surface of the brush plate (41) has the same inclination angle with the inner side surface of the insect collecting funnel (2); the brush bristles (42) are arranged on the lower surface of the brush plate (41), the lower ends of the brush bristles (42) are mutually abutted against the inner side surface of the pest collecting funnel (2), pests are further slapped in the cleaning process, and the pests which are falsely dead are prevented from escaping after reviving.
2. A method of monitoring a pest according to claim 1 characterised in that: the middle part of the support rod (12) is provided with a guide net (21); the lower end of the guide net (21) is fixed on the outer wall of the insect collecting funnel (2).
3. A method of monitoring a pest according to claim 1 characterised in that: a heating module (5) is arranged on the outer side of the insect collecting funnel (2); the heating module (5) comprises a base (51) and a heating jacket (52); the base (51) is fixed on the top of the monitoring box (11); a heating sleeve (52) is arranged on the base (51); the heating sleeve (52) is positioned around the insect collecting funnel (2).
4. A method of monitoring a pest according to claim 1 characterised in that: the outer side surface of the impact screen (19) is provided with a paper clamping groove (191), and the paper clamping groove (191) is used for placing the insect trapping plate.
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