CN112840020A

CN112840020A - Oncolytic virus and uses thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112840020A
Application number: CN202180000514.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 巩子英; 张道允; 孙永华; 王毅
Original assignee: Shanghai Yunying Medical Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiaxing Yunying Medical Inspection Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-13
Filing date: 2021-01-13
Publication date: 2021-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-13
Also published as: CN112840020B; WO2022151078A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses an oncolytic virus and application thereof. The oncolytic virus contains recombinant nucleic acids that may include: (i) a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule; (ii) a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein; and (iii) a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to a CD3 molecule.

Description

Oncolytic virus and uses thereof

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of biotechnology, in particular to an oncolytic virus containing recombinant nucleic acid and application thereof.

Background

Currently, viral drugs, represented by oncolytic viruses, play an increasing role in the treatment of tumors. Oncolytic viruses refer to a class of viruses that are capable of efficiently infecting and destroying cancer cells. Oncolytic viruses can replicate and proliferate within cancer cells, releasing new infectious viral particles to infect and destroy other cancer cells, or express proteins that have an effect on cancer cells to affect the tumor microenvironment, stimulate the host to generate an anti-tumor immune response, or directly lyse the tumor. Due to the nature of oncolytic viruses, this therapy can be administered either systemically or locally to treat primary and metastatic tumors. When cancer cells are ruptured and killed by infection with oncolytic virus, newly generated virus particles are released to further infect surrounding cancer cells. The oncolytic virus can not only directly kill tumors, but also stimulate the immune response of human bodies and enhance the anti-tumor effect. In addition to being used alone, oncolytic viruses can be administered in combination with other anti-cancer drugs, and in addition, oncolytic viruses can be recombined with foreign genes that are useful for the treatment of cancer. Thus, on the one hand, the oncolytic protein can exert an oncolytic effect, and on the other hand, the anti-cancer effect of other medicines can be exerted. Thus, in order to achieve better therapeutic efficacy against cancer, there has been a continuing need for oncolytic viruses containing recombinant nucleic acids.

Disclosure of Invention

According to one aspect of the present application, an oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid is provided. The recombinant nucleic acid may include: (i) a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule; (ii) a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein; and (iii) a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to a CD3 molecule.

In some embodiments, the first nucleic acid fragment can have a similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 1 of greater than or equal to 90%.

In some embodiments, the second nucleic acid fragment can have a similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO.2 of greater than or equal to 90%.

In some embodiments, the third nucleic acid fragment can have a similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO 3 of greater than or equal to 90%.

In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid may further comprise (iv) a fourth nucleic acid fragment encoding a US11 protein.

In some embodiments, the fourth nucleic acid fragment can have a similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 4 of greater than or equal to 90%.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus may be a herpes simplex virus.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus may be an HSV-1 virus, and the recombinant nucleic acid may have a similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID No. 5 of greater than or equal to 80%.

In some embodiments, the recombination sequence may further comprise at least one of the following nucleic acid fragments: nucleic acid fragments encoding cytokines, nucleic acid fragments encoding co-stimulatory molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding anti-angiogenic factors, and nucleic acid fragments encoding matrix metalloproteinases.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid. The recombinant nucleic acid may include: (i) a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule; (ii) a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein; (iii) a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to the CD3 molecule; and (iv) a fourth nucleic acid fragment encoding the US11 protein.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus may be an HSV-1 or HSV-2 virus, and the fourth nucleic acid fragment may comprise an exogenous nucleic acid fragment inserted into the recombinant nucleic acid.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 40%, 80%, 40%, 50% of cancer cells within 48 hours when acting at a multiplicity of infection of 1 on human non-small cell lung cancer cells, human liver cancer cells, human breast cancer cells or human pancreatic cancer cells, respectively, in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing about 80%, 40%, 30% cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human liver cancer cells, human breast cancer cells, or human pancreatic cancer cells, respectively, at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is administered at 2x10⁶ pfu dose 1 injection or 1x10⁶pfu when administered to human pancreatic cancer tumors in 3 injections resulted in at least 70% or 80% reduction in tumor volume within 32 days, respectively.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is administered at 2x10⁶pfu was administered in 3 injections or 4X10⁶pfu when administered to human non-small cell lung cancer tumors in 3 injections resulted in at least 70% or 90% reduction in tumor volume within 32 days, respectively.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a composition for treating cancer. The composition may comprise an oncolytic virus as described in any one of the above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

In some embodiments, the cancer may be melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, or osteosarcoma.

In some embodiments, the cancer may be lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, or pancreatic cancer.

According to another aspect of the present application, a composition for treating pancreatic cancer is provided. The composition may comprise an oncolytic virus as described in any one of the above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a use of the above-described oncolytic virus for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a use of an oncolytic virus for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

According to yet another aspect of the present application, a method for treating cancer is provided. The method may include: administering an effective dose of the above composition to a subject having cancer.

In some embodiments, the subject may be a mammal.

In some embodiments, the ratio of the amount of the oncolytic virus contained in the effective dose of the composition to the body weight of the subject may range from 2.5 x10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁵pfu/g。

In some embodiments, the ratio of the amount of the oncolytic virus contained in the effective dose of the composition to the body weight of the subject may range from 2.5 x10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁶pfu/g。

In some embodiments, the administering an effective dose of the composition to a subject having cancer may comprise administering the composition to the subject by injection.

In some embodiments, the administering the composition to the subject by injection may comprise injecting the composition to a site within or near a tumor of the subject.

Drawings

The present application will be further explained by way of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail by way of the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a vector plasmid of a recombinant oncolytic virus constructed according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a recombinant oncolytic virus transfected human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549 after staining according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of recombinant oncolytic virus transfected human hepatoma cells after HepG2 staining according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of human breast cancer cells transfected with recombinant oncolytic virus after MCF-7 staining according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of SW1990 staining of human pancreatic cancer cells transfected with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the cell viability of human non-small cell lung cancer cells A549, human liver cancer cells HepG2, human breast cancer cells MCF-7, and human pancreatic cancer cells SW1990 transfected with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of SW1990 and A549 subcutaneous tumor models constructed by treatment of immunodeficient nude mice with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a graphical representation of time versus tumor volume for SW1990 subcutaneous tumor models treated with different doses of recombinant oncolytic virus at different times, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a graphical representation of time versus tumor volume for a549 subcutaneous tumor model treated with different numbers of times with different doses of recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application; and

figure 10 is a graph of time versus mouse survival for a peritoneal tumor model of CT26 treated with different doses of recombinant oncolytic virus according to some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only examples or embodiments of the application, from which the application can also be applied to other similar scenarios without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. Unless otherwise apparent from the context, or otherwise indicated, like reference numbers in the figures refer to the same structure or operation.

As used in this application and the appended claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not intended to be inclusive in the singular, but rather are intended to be inclusive in the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that steps and elements are included which are explicitly identified, that the steps and elements do not form an exclusive list, and that a method or apparatus may include other steps or elements.

As used in this application and the claims, the terms "comprising" or "including" and the like are to be construed to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

The following are definitions of some terms in this application.

As used herein, a "subject" (also referred to as an "individual", "subject") is an individual who has been treated with an oncolytic virus or composition of the present application. In some embodiments, the subject may be a vertebrate. Vertebrates may include fish (e.g., shark), amphibians (e.g., frog, toad, giant salamander), reptiles (e.g., tortoise, snake, lizard), birds (e.g., ostrich), and mammals, among others. In some embodiments, the vertebrate is a mammal. Mammals include, but are not limited to, primates (including human and non-human primates) and rodents (e.g., mice and rats). In some embodiments, the mammal may be a human. In some embodiments, the subject may have cancer and have received other treatment (e.g., chemotherapy) or have not received treatment.

The term "treating" refers to ameliorating or curing a disease (e.g., cancer) in a subject. In some embodiments, treatment can include reducing, delaying, alleviating the severity of a symptom of cancer (e.g., reduction in tumor volume), reducing the frequency of occurrence of a symptom of cancer (e.g., pain, etc.), extending the survival time of a subject with cancer, increasing survival rate, decreasing the viability of cancer cells, or killing cancer cells, among others.

The term "effective dose" refers to an amount of a composition sufficient to provide a useful or otherwise reduced adverse event (e.g., a dose sufficient to treat a disease). In the present application, the composition includes an oncolytic virus. The amount of oncolytic virus included in an effective dose of the composition depends on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, the purpose of treatment, the weight, sex, age and general health of the subject, the route of administration, the time of administration and the nature of the disease to be treated.

The term "Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)" is an enveloped, neurotropic, double-stranded DNA virus. For example, this type of virus can be classified into herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).

The term "immune checkpoint inhibitor" refers to an antibody that inhibits or blocks an inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule. Immune checkpoints are regulators and regulators of the immune system, whose role is reflected in preventing the immune system from indiscriminately attacking cells, being critical for self-tolerance.

The present application provides an oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid. The oncolytic virus may be a herpes simplex virus, e.g., HSV-1 or HSV-2 virus. The recombinant nucleic acid may include a first nucleic acid segment encoding a soluble programmed depth-1 (sPD-1) molecule, a second nucleic acid segment encoding a VAR2CSA protein, a third nucleic acid segment encoding an antibody to a CD3(cluster of differentiation 3, CD3) molecule, and a fourth nucleic acid segment encoding a US11 protein. The recombinant nucleic acids can also include nucleic acid segments encoding cytokines, nucleic acid segments encoding co-stimulatory molecules, nucleic acid segments encoding anti-angiogenic factors, nucleic acid segments encoding matrix metalloproteinases, and the like, or combinations thereof.

The present application also provides a composition for treating cancer. The composition may comprise an oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid as described above and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. The cancer that can be treated by the composition can include, but is not limited to, melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, osteosarcoma, etc.

The application also provides an application of the oncolytic virus in preparing a medicament for treating cancer. Specifically, the application also provides an application of the oncolytic virus in preparing a medicament for treating pancreatic cancer.

The present application further provides a method for treating cancer. The method can include administering to a subject having cancer an effective dose of the composition described above. The composition may be administered to the subject by injection or the like, e.g., to a site within or near a tumor in the subject. In some embodiments, the composition may be administered to the subject in combination with other drugs (e.g., anti-cancer drugs).

The oncolytic viruses and compositions thereof disclosed herein are capable of inhibiting and killing cancer cells, effectively reducing the survival rate of cancer cells in a subject administered with the oncolytic viruses, effectively ameliorating or alleviating the symptoms of cancer (e.g., reducing tumor volume) and increasing the survival of the subject.

According to one aspect of the present application, an oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid (also referred to as "recombinant oncolytic virus") is provided.

Depending on the genetic material of the virus, oncolytic viruses can be classified into DNA-like oncolytic viruses and RNA-like oncolytic viruses. Exemplary DNA-based oncolytic viruses may include, but are not limited to, oncolytic adenovirus (adenoviruses), vaccinia virus (vaccinia virus), parvovirus (parvovirus), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), and the like. Exemplary RNA-based oncolytic viruses may include, but are not limited to, reovirus (reovirus), poliovirus (polio virus), seneca valley virus (seneca valley virus), and the like.

In some embodiments of the present application, the oncolytic virus may be HSV, which belongs to the family herpesviridae, the genus herpes simplex virus. HSV may include HSV-1 and HSV-2. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus may be an artificially engineered oncolytic virus. For example, an oncolytic virus encoding a neurotropic ICP34.5 (or γ -34.5) gene is deleted in a wild-type HSV-1 virus, thereby rendering it devoid of neurovirulence, i.e. the obtained oncolytic virus is non-pathogenic/non-neurotoxic and oncolytic.

In some embodiments, HSV-1 is one of the oncolytic viruses that can be used to selectively attack cancer cells because it is easy to handle and is relatively harmless in its native state. By modifying the gene of the oncolytic virus (such as HSV-1), for example, inserting other gene segments with the functions of inhibiting and killing cancer cells, the capability of the oncolytic virus for targeting and infecting the cancer cells and/or the capability of the oncolytic virus for killing the cancer cells can be improved, so that the oncolytic virus has better anti-tumor treatment effect.

The recombinant nucleic acid can include one or more exogenous nucleic acid fragments. Exogenous nucleic acid fragments may include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid fragments encoding immune checkpoint inhibitors, nucleic acid fragments encoding molecules that facilitate targeting of oncolytic viruses to invade cancer cells, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to effector cell surface antigens, nucleic acid fragments encoding molecules that facilitate evasion or resistance of oncolytic viruses to host immune responses, nucleic acid fragments encoding cytokines, nucleic acid fragments encoding co-stimulatory molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding anti-angiogenic factors, nucleic acid fragments encoding matrix metalloproteinases, antisense RNAs or small RNAs that block or down-regulate oncogenes and metabolic genes overexpressed by tumors, prodrug converting enzymes, and the like, or combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the nucleic acid fragment encoding an immune checkpoint inhibitor may include, but is not limited to, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule (i.e., the first nucleic acid fragment), a nucleic acid fragment encoding a PD-1 inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a PD-L1 (or B7-H1, CD274) inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a PD-L2 (or B7-DC, CD273) inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a CTLA-4 inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a LAG-3 inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a TIM-3 inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a neuropilin inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a CCR4 inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a TIGIT (or Vsig9, Vstm3, WUCAM) inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a VISTA (or Dies1) inhibitor, and the like, or combinations thereof.

In some embodiments, the nucleic acid segment encoding a molecule that facilitates targeting of the oncolytic virus to an invading cancer cell can include, but is not limited to, a nucleic acid segment encoding a VAR2CSA protein (i.e., a second nucleic acid segment), and the like.

In some embodiments, the nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to effector cell surface antigens may include nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to T cell surface antigens and nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to B cell surface antigens, such as nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD3 molecules (i.e., the third nucleic acid fragment), nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD4 molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD5 molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD8 molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD45RO molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD20 molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD21 molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD45RA molecules, and the like, or combinations thereof.

Nucleic acid fragment antigens encoding antigens that facilitate escape or protection of oncolytic viruses against host immune responses include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid fragments encoding US11 (i.e., fourth sequence), nucleic acid fragments encoding UL82, and the like, or combinations thereof.

Nucleic acid fragments encoding cytokines may include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid fragments encoding GM-CSF, G-CSF, M-CSF, IL-1, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-18, IL-21, IL-23, IFN- α, and combinations thereof, Nucleic acid fragments encoding IFN- γ, nucleic acid fragments encoding TGF- β, nucleic acid fragments encoding TNF- α, and the like, or combinations thereof.

Nucleic acid fragments encoding co-stimulatory molecules may include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD27, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD28, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD70, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD80, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD83, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD86, nucleic acid fragments encoding CD134 (or OX-40), nucleic acid fragments encoding CD134L (or OK-40L), nucleic acid fragments encoding CD137(41BB), nucleic acid fragments encoding CD137L (or 41BBL), nucleic acid fragments encoding CD224, nucleic acid fragments encoding GITR, nucleic acid fragments encoding ICOS, and the like, or combinations thereof.

Nucleic acid fragments encoding anti-angiogenic factors can include, but are not limited to, nucleic acid fragments encoding polypeptides that disrupt one or more interactions of cell types (e.g., Endothelial Cells (ECs) and circulating endothelial progenitor cells, pericytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, stromal cells, including stem cells and parenchymal cells), polypeptides that disrupt one or more interactions of secreted factors (e.g., VEGF, Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or angiogenin), and the like, or combinations thereof.

Nucleic acid fragments encoding matrix metalloproteases may include, but are not limited to, matrix metalloprotease 1(MMP1), matrix metalloprotease 2(MMP2), matrix metalloprotease 3(MMP3), matrix metalloprotease 7(MMP7), matrix metalloprotease 9(MMP9), matrix metalloprotease 12(MMP 12).

In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid of an oncolytic virus can include a nucleic acid fragment encoding an immune checkpoint inhibitor, a nucleic acid fragment encoding a molecule that facilitates targeting of the oncolytic virus to an invading cancer cell, a nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to an effector cell surface antigen, and a nucleic acid fragment encoding a molecule that facilitates evasion or resistance of the oncolytic virus to a host immune response.

In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid can include a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule, a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein, a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to a CD3 molecule. Additionally or alternatively, the recombinant nucleic acid may comprise a fourth nucleic acid fragment encoding a US11 protein.

The soluble PD-1 molecule is the extracellular region of the PD-1 immunosuppressive molecule and can competitively bind with ligand PD-L1 expressed by cancer cells, thereby relieving the suppression effect of PD-1 and PD-L1 on T cells. The recombinant oncolytic virus with the soluble PD-1 molecule can effectively promote the immune response.

The CD3 molecule is an important marker on the surface of T cells and is composed of five polypeptide chains, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta and eta. Antibodies to CD3 molecules can be specific for the recruitment of T cells expressing CD3 molecules. Therefore, the insertion of a gene fragment capable of expressing an antibody of the CD3 molecule into an oncolytic virus nucleic acid can promote T cell activation and/or proliferation and enhance the anti-tumor effect of the oncolytic virus. Exemplary nucleic acid fragments encoding antibodies to CD3 molecules can include nucleic acid fragments encoding OKT3, nucleic acid fragments encoding L2K, nucleic acid fragments encoding UCHT1, and the like, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, the third nucleic acid fragment may be a nucleic acid fragment of OKT 3.

VAR2CAS protein is a parasite-driven antigen that mediates binding of malaria-infected red blood cells to placenta chondroitin sulfate a (csa). The VAR2CAS protein can be specifically combined with cancer cells, including liver cancer cells, lung cancer cells, prostate cancer cells and the like, but can not be combined with normal tissue cells except placenta. The insertion of a nucleic acid fragment of the VAR2CAS protein into an oncolytic virus is advantageous for targeting cancer cells.

The US11 protein interferes the interaction of endogenous pattern recognition receptors RIG-I and MDA-5 and a linker protein MAVS, thereby inhibiting the activation of an RLR-mediated innate immune downstream signaling pathway IRF3 and preventing the generation of interferon beta. The additional addition of a nucleic acid fragment encoding the US11 protein (i.e., a fourth nucleic acid fragment) can be used to enhance the ability of the oncolytic virus to evade the host's natural immune defenses, prolonging the persistence of the oncolytic virus in the body. In some embodiments, the fourth nucleic acid segment can include an exogenous nucleic acid segment inserted into a recombinant nucleic acid. For example, the exogenous nucleic acid fragment can be a nucleic acid fragment encoding an exogenous US11 protein (e.g., human, animal). In some embodiments, the fourth nucleic acid fragment may comprise a non-exogenous nucleic acid fragment inserted into a recombinant nucleic acid, e.g., a nucleic acid fragment from US11 encoding an oncolytic virus.

In some embodiments, the first nucleic acid fragment can have greater than or equal to 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 1. In some embodiments, the second nucleic acid fragment can have greater than or equal to 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 2. In some embodiments, the third nucleic acid fragment can have greater than or equal to 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 3. In some embodiments, the fourth nucleic acid fragment can have greater than or equal to 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 4. In some embodiments, the recombinant nucleic acid of the oncolytic virus can have greater than or equal to 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, etc., similarity to the sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO. 5.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus further comprises a fifth nucleic acid segment encoding a recombinant oncolytic virus for screening, for example, Enhanced Yellow Fluorescent Protein (EYFP). In some embodiments, one or more of the first nucleic acid fragment, the second nucleic acid fragment, the third nucleic acid fragment, the fourth nucleic acid fragment, and the fifth nucleic acid fragment can be linked to one or more expression control sequences. The one or more expression control sequences can include promoters, enhancers, polynucleotides (e.g., terminators), and the like, or combinations thereof. Exemplary promoters may include the SV40 promoter, CMV promoter, MSV promoter, EF1 promoter, MMLV promoter, U6 promoter, H1 promoter, and the like. Exemplary enhancers may include the SV40 enhancer, the CMV enhancer, and the like. Terminators may include SV40 PolyA, TK PolyA, BGH PolyA, and the like. For example, the first nucleic acid fragment can be operably linked to a promoter. For another example, the fifth nucleic acid segment can be operably linked to a CMV promoter, CMV enhancer, BGH PolyA.

In some embodiments, each exogenous nucleic acid fragment may be inserted into the nucleic acid of an oncolytic virus by one or more means commonly known in the art to obtain the above-described recombinant nucleic acid, which is not limited in this application. For example, one or more exogenous nucleic acid fragments can be inserted into the vector using a ligase, using fusion PCR techniques, and the like, or combinations thereof. For example, a ligase may be used in sequence to join the digested vector and the gene fragment to be inserted. For another example, fusion PCR can be used to join the fragments together in sequence and then fuse them to a vector. By way of example only, first and second vectors (e.g., plasmids) may be constructed, with a portion of the gene segments (e.g., 3 gene segments) being sequentially ligated to the first vector using a ligase, with other gene segments being sequentially ligated to the second vector using a ligase, and with the remaining gene segments being ligated together using PCR to obtain the ligated gene segments. In some embodiments, the vector may be a nucleic acid of a wild-type oncolytic virus. For example, the vector may be a nucleic acid of a wild-type HSV-1 virus. In some embodiments, the vector may be an oncolytic viral nucleic acid lacking one or more encoding genes (e.g., ICP 34.5).

It should be noted that the present application does not limit the order of individual nucleic acid fragments in a recombinant nucleic acid. In some embodiments, the first, second, third, and fourth nucleic acid fragments may be inserted into different sites of the oncolytic viral nucleic acid, respectively. In some embodiments, one or more of the first, second, third and fourth nucleic acid fragments may be inserted into the same site of the oncolytic viral nucleic acid. In some embodiments, the insertion site of the above-described nucleic acid fragment may be any suitable site in the coding region of the oncolytic viral nucleic acid. For example, the insertion site of the above-described nucleic acid fragment may be a site in the HSV-1 virus from which one or more encoding genes (e.g., ICP34.5) have been deleted. In some embodiments, the exogenous nucleic acid fragment may be inserted sequentially into the same site or into different sites of the oncolytic viral nucleic acid. The sequence of the exogenous nucleic acid fragment in the recombinant nucleic acid can be arbitrary. In some embodiments, the order of the nucleic acid fragments in the recombinant nucleic acid of the oncolytic virus (5 'end to 3' end) may be the fourth nucleic acid fragment, the fifth nucleic acid fragment, the first nucleic acid fragment, the second nucleic acid fragment, and the third nucleic acid fragment.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a composition for treating cancer. The composition may comprise the above-mentioned oncolytic virus and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

The pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may include a coating layer, a capsule, a microcapsule, a nanocapsule, etc. or any combination thereof. It should be noted that the vector needs to be non-toxic and may have no major effect on the activity of key components in the composition (e.g., the above-mentioned oncolytic viruses, molecules expressed by oncolytic viruses that have a promoting effect on cancer, such as soluble PD-1 molecules). In some embodiments, the carrier can protect key ingredients in the composition while reducing or avoiding deactivation or decomposition of the key ingredients under negative conditions (e.g., oxidation, denaturation by strong acids or bases, etc.). For example, enzymes or relatively low pH in gastric fluid may cause key ingredients to break down or inactivate. Carriers may help maintain or improve the efficacy of the pharmaceutical composition by protecting key ingredients in the composition.

In some embodiments, the vector may be used for controlled release of key components (e.g., oncolytic viruses). Controlled release may include, but is not limited to, slow release, sustained release, targeted release, and the like. For example, the carrier may include hydrogel capsules, microcapsules, or nanocapsules made of collagen, gelatin, chitosan, alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, starch, cross-linked starch, or the like, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can include dispersion media (e.g., solvents), coatings, buffers, stabilizing agents, isotonic and absorption delaying agents, and the like. Exemplary pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can include phosphate buffered saline solutions, water, emulsions (e.g., oil/water emulsions), various types of wetting agents, sterile solutions, gels, bioabsorbable matrix materials, and the like, or other suitable materials, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, excipients can include, but are not limited to, water, saline, polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, ethanol, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, e.g., salts of inorganic acids (e.g., hydrochloric acid, hydrobromide, phosphate, sulfate, etc.) and salts of organic acids (e.g., acetate, propionate, benzoate, etc.).

In some embodiments, the cancer that the composition can treat can include, but is not limited to, brain glioma, melanoma, liver cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, head and neck tumor, breast cancer, renal cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, breast cancer, endometrial cancer, lymphoma, cervical cancer, sarcomas (e.g., soft tissue sarcomas and osteosarcomas), and the like.

The composition can be administered to a subject, e.g., a human or an animal, having cancer. In some embodiments, the composition may be administered to a subject by one or more modes of administration. The one or more modes of administration may include, but are not limited to, oral, injectable, or topical modes of administration. The form of the composition suitable for oral administration may include, but is not limited to, tablets, liposome formulations, sustained release capsules, microparticles, microspheres, or any other suitable form. The form of the composition suitable for injectable use may include, but is not limited to, a sterile aqueous or oleaginous formulation and the like. Compositions suitable for topical administration may be in the form of, but are not limited to, sterile aqueous or nonaqueous solutions, suspensions, emulsions. For example, for nasal administration, the form of the composition may include aerosol, mist, powder, solution, suspension, gel, and the like.

In some embodiments, the composition may be stored at a suitable temperature, which may include room temperature (about 20 ℃), 4 ℃, -20 ℃, -80 ℃, and the like. The compositions may also be formulated in a variety of forms for storage and transport, such as powders. Powders may be sterile powders to which a solvent may be added and mixed until use to prepare a solution for oral, injectable or topical administration. In some embodiments, the compositions may also include components that have an antibacterial effect without significantly adversely affecting the survival of the oncolytic virus, such that the compositions are stable under certain storage conditions (e.g., refrigeration and freezing) and are capable of preventing contamination by microorganisms (e.g., bacteria and fungi).

In some embodiments, the multiplicity of infection of the cancer cells by the oncolytic virus in a culture environment can be 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, etc.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 30% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human non-small cell lung cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 40% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human non-small cell lung cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 50% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human non-small cell lung cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 60% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human hepatoma cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 70% of cancer cells within 48 hours when acted upon human hepatoma cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 80% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human hepatoma cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing at least 90% cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human hepatoma cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing at least 30% cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human breast cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing at least 40% cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human breast cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing at least 50% of cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human breast cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 30% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human pancreatic cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing death of at least 50% of cancer cells within 48 hours when applied to human pancreatic cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment. In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is capable of causing at least 60% cancer cell death within 48 hours when applied to human breast cancer cells at a multiplicity of infection of 1 in a culture environment.

In some embodiments, the oncolytic virus is administered at 2x10⁶pfu dose 1 injection or 1x10⁶pfu when administered to human pancreatic cancer tumors in 3 injections resulted in at least 70% or 80% reduction in tumor volume within 32 days, respectively.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided the use of an oncolytic virus for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer. The oncolytic virus can be used to treat a subject, e.g., a mammal, having cancer.

Exemplary cancers may include melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, or osteosarcoma. In some embodiments, the cancer may comprise lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, or pancreatic cancer.

According to yet another aspect of the present application, a method for treating cancer is provided. The method can include administering to a subject having cancer an effective dose of the composition described above. The subject may be a mammal, e.g., a human.

In some embodiments, an effective dose of the composition can be administered to a subject having cancer. For example, an effective dose can be determined based on the characteristics of the subject to be treated, the route of administration, and/or the characteristics of the cancer (e.g., the type of cancer, progression, etc.). In particular toThe characteristics of the subject may include, but are not limited to, age, gender, height, weight, health, and the like. Thus, the effective dosages described in the examples herein are exemplary and can be modified by the skilled artisan as appropriate. For example, the ratio of the amount of oncolytic virus contained in the composition to the weight of the subject may range from 1 × 10²pfu/g-1×10⁸pfu/g、1×10³pfu/g-1×10⁷pfu/g、5×10³pfu/g-5×10⁶pfu/g、2.5×10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁶pfu/g、2.5×10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁵pfu/g、2.5×10⁴pfu/g-4×10⁵pfu/g、2.5×10⁴pfu/g-2×10⁵pfu/g、2.5×10⁴pfu/g-1×10⁵pfu/g、5×10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁴pfu/g, etc.

In some embodiments, the composition may be administered to a subject by a variety of modes of administration. Modes of administration may include, but are not limited to, oral, injection, or topical. In some embodiments, the composition may be administered to the subject by injection. Exemplary modes of injection may include subcutaneous injection, intramuscular injection, intravenous injection, and the like. In some embodiments, the injection means may comprise injecting the composition into a site within or near a tumor of the subject. In some embodiments, the injection means may comprise injecting the composition into a tissue or organ of the subject, for example, in the kidney, liver, heart, thyroid, or joint. In some embodiments, topical application may include applying the composition to the skin to alleviate cancer such as skin cancer, lymphoma, and the like. In some embodiments, topical administration may include vaginal administration, rectal administration, nasal administration, auricular administration, intramedullary administration, intra-articular administration, intra-pleural administration, and the like, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the composition may be administered to the subject by a combination of different modes of administration. In some embodiments, the method may comprise administering to the subject three times per day, twice a day, once every two days, etc.

The compositions of the present application can be used before or after administration of other pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of cancer. Alternatively, the compositions disclosed herein can be combined with other therapeutic modalities to treat a cancer in a subject. For example, other treatment modalities include, but are not limited to, administering to a subject other pharmaceutical compositions that can treat cancer, surgically resecting a tumor from a subject, radiation therapy, and the like. In particular, pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating cancer include, but are not limited to, cytotoxic anticancer drugs, non-cytotoxic anticancer drugs. Non-cytotoxic anticancer drugs may include hormonal agents (e.g., tamoxifen, exemestane), targeted agents (e.g., bevacizumab), and immunotherapeutic agents (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, tumor vaccines), among others.

The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples were purchased from conventional biochemicals, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 construction of a vector for a recombinant oncolytic Virus (i.e., an oncolytic Virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid) Strain

1.1 inserting gene fragment encoding US11 protein, BGH Poly A fragment, EYFP gene fragment, CMV promoter, CMV enhancer and soluble PD-1 gene fragment into HSV-1 virus vector to obtain recombinant virus vector, named as R1.

1.2 the constructed viral vector R1 was digested with Hind III and Kpn I to give the linearized viral vector R1.

1.3 the length of the digested viral vector R1 was verified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the linearized viral vector R1 was recovered using a recovery kit.

1.4 inserting a gene segment coding for VAR2CAS protein and OKT3 molecule (namely, an antibody of CD3 molecule) into another HSV-1 virus vector to obtain a recombinant virus vector which is called R2.

1.5 the constructed viral vector R2 was digested with Hind III and Kpn I to obtain the gene fragment encoding the VAR2CAS protein and the OKT3 molecule.

1.6 the length of the gene fragment encoding the VAR2CAS protein and the OKT3 molecule after enzyme digestion is verified by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the gene fragment encoding the VAR2CAS protein and the OKT3 molecule is recovered by a recovery kit.

1.7 the purified linearized viral vector R1 and the gene fragment encoding the VAR2CAS protein and the OKT3 molecule were ligated using ligase to obtain a recombinant viral vector, designated R149.

1.8 digestion of the viral vector R149 with Hind III and Kpn I verified whether the gene fragment encoding the VAR2CAS protein and the OKT3 molecule had been ligated to the linearized viral vector R1. And sequencing the virus vector R149.

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a vector plasmid of a recombinant oncolytic virus constructed according to some embodiments of the present application. The order and position of the ligation of the individual fragments is shown in FIG. 1.

Co-transfecting wild HSV-1 virus and R149 plasmid into green monkey kidney cells (vero cells), removing cell debris after harvesting, performing high-speed centrifugation and purification to obtain virus suspension serving as mixed virus liquid, and storing at-80 ℃ for later use. Vero cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).

Example 2 screening of recombinant oncolytic Virus strains

2.1 about 4X10⁵Green monkey kidney cells (vero cells) were seeded in wells of 6-well plates.

2.224 h later, the medium from which the vero cells were originally cultured was aspirated off, rinsed once with 1ml of pre-warmed serum-free DMEM, and 680ul of pre-warmed serum-free DMEM medium was added.

2.3 taking out the mixed virus liquid from-80 ℃ and dissolving in a refrigerator at 4 ℃.

2.4 divide the mixed virus solution into three gradients of 5ul, 10ul and 20ul, each gradient is repeated in two.

2.5 three gradients of mixed virus solutions were inoculated into 6-well plates in which vero cells were cultured. Shaking forward and backward several times, mixing, placing 6-well plate at 37 deg.C and 5% CO₂In the cell culture chamber, the virus was adsorbed for 1.5 hours. Shake every 15 minutes.

2.6 preheating water baths at three temperatures of 72 ℃, 42 ℃ and 37 ℃ in advance. 2% of the gum (autoclaved) was dissolved in a water bath at 72 ℃. DMEM medium containing 4% FBS was preheated in a 37 ℃ water bath. DMEM medium containing 1% low-melting agarose and 2% FBS prepared according to the number of cells cultured was preheated in a 42 ℃ water bath.

2.7 aspirate the virus-containing serum-free media from the 6-well plates and gently add 2ml of DMEM media containing 1% gelatin 2% FBS to the wells.

2.8 seal 6 well plates with parafilm sealing film, place in 4 deg.C refrigerator, let low melting point agarose solidify. After 10 minutes, the cells were transferred to a cell incubator for normal culture.

2.9 the appearance of green fluorescent plaques was checked daily, and when the green fluorescent plaques were large enough, they were picked up with a 200ul sterile tip and transferred to a 0.6ml sterile centrifuge tube containing 200ul of serum-free DMEM medium. The picked recombinant oncolytic virus strains were numbered and stored at-80 ℃ for at least 15 minutes.

2.10 sucking and beating the recombinant oncolytic virus strain which is uniformly stored by using a gun head, and re-inoculating the recombinant oncolytic virus strain to vero cells of a 6-well plate according to a certain proportion. And carrying out the next round of selection according to the steps. If all the formed plaques contain green fluorescence, the selected plaques are amplified and stored to obtain the screened recombinant oncolytic virus strain.

Example 3 identification of recombinant oncolytic Virus strains

3.1 culture medium and cells obtained after culture and amplification on 10cm vero cells, repeatedly freezing and thawing at-80 deg.C for 2-3 times, centrifuging at 3500rpm and 4 deg.C for 15 min, and collecting supernatant of 200 μ l.

3.2 transfer 200. mu.l of supernatant into 1.5ml centrifuge tube, add 400. mu.l of lysate, immediately vortex and mix well.

3.3 standing at room temperature for 10 minutes, shaking and mixing uniformly every 5 minutes.

3.4 Add 450. mu.l absolute ethanol and immediately vortex and mix well.

3.5 adding the mixture into an adsorption column, placing the adsorption column into a collecting pipe, centrifuging at 13000rpm for 30-60 seconds, and pouring off waste liquid in the collecting pipe.

3.6 Add 500. mu.l of deproteinized solution, centrifuge at 12000rpm for 30 seconds, discard waste.

3.7 Add 500. mu.l of the rinse, centrifuge at 12000rpm for 30 seconds, discard the waste solution, add 500. mu.l of the rinse and repeat the process.

3.8 the adsorption column was returned to the empty collection tube and centrifuged at 13000rpm for 2 minutes to remove the rinse as much as possible to avoid ethanol remaining in the rinse inhibiting downstream reactions.

3.9 taking out the adsorption column, putting into a centrifuge tube without RNase free, adding 30-50 μ l RNase free water in the middle part of the adsorption membrane, standing at room temperature for 1 minute, and centrifuging at 12000rpm for 1 minute to obtain the genome of the recombinant oncolytic virus strain.

3.10 second generation sequencing (NGS) sequencing of the genome to determine whether 4 foreign gene fragments are all inserted into the recombinant oncolytic virus strain. The oncolytic virus containing the recombinant nucleic acid can be recombinant HSV-1 virus which is called HSV1-R149 and is preserved in the China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC), the preservation date is 09 and 24 days in 2020, the registration number of the preservation center is CGMCC No.20707, the preservation unit address is No. 3 of Xilu No. 1 of the morning district of Chaoyang in Beijing, and the institute of microbiology of China academy of sciences.

Example 4 recombinant oncolytic virus has significant killing effect on cancer cells

4.1 human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549, human hepatoma cell HepG2, human breast cancer cell MCF-7 and human pancreatic cancer cell SW1990 were inoculated to 12-well plates according to the appropriate inoculum size, and cultured for 24 hours until the cells grew substantially to a monolayer.

After 4.224 hours, the original culture medium in the 12-well plate is sucked off, and the DPBS or serum-free DMEMP medium is added with 300 mu l of serum-free DMEM medium after being washed for 2 times.

4.310-fold and 100-fold dilution of the recombinant oncolytic virus stock solution.

4.4 according to the initial inoculation amount of the cells and the virus titer, calculating the virus addition amount of each hole, and dividing the virus addition amount into the following 4 groups: the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of the control group was 0; the MOI of the low dose group was 0.1; the MOI of the medium dose group was 1.0; the MOI of the high dose group was 2.0.

4.5 Virus was adsorbed for 1 hour and then replaced with DMEM containing 2% FBS to continue the culture.

4.6 cells were treated at 24 hours, 48 hours, stained with Trypan blue and the proportion of viable cells was counted.

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of recombinant oncolytic virus transfected human non-small cell lung cancer cells after A549 staining, according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of recombinant oncolytic virus transfected human hepatoma cells after HepG2 staining according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of human breast cancer cells transfected with recombinant oncolytic virus after MCF-7 staining according to some embodiments of the present application. FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of SW1990 staining of human pancreatic cancer cells transfected with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application. The survival rates (or cell survival rates) of the four cancer cells after the staining shown in fig. 2 to 5 were calculated, and the results are shown in fig. 6. FIG. 6 is a graphical representation of the cell viability of human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549, human hepatoma cell HepG2, human breast cancer cell MCF-7, and human pancreatic cancer cell SW1990 transfected with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present application.

As shown in FIG. 6, the cell survival rates of the four cancer cells, A549, HepG2, MCF-7 and SW1990, were above 90% in the control group without added virus cultured for 24 hours and 48 hours. In the experimental group with the added virus, the four cancer cells can be effectively killed by low dose (MOI of 0.1), medium dose (MOI of 1) and high dose (MOI of 2). The killing effect of the virus with the action time of 48 hours is obviously higher than that of the virus with the action time of 24 hours.

After the human liver cancer cell HepG2 is treated by adding the recombinant oncolytic virus for 24 hours, the cell survival rate of the medium-high dose group is about 30 percent. The cell survival rate of the low-dose group is only 20.25%, the cell survival rate of the medium-dose group is 11.37%, and the cell survival rate of the high-dose group is 9.46% after the treatment time is prolonged to 48 hours. Therefore, the death rate of the human liver cancer cell HepG2 can be greatly improved by prolonging the treatment time of the recombinant oncolytic virus or increasing the dose of the recombinant oncolytic virus, and the survival capability of the human liver cancer cell HepG2 can be reduced.

When the three cancer cells of A549, MCF-7 and SW1900 are treated by the recombinant oncolytic virus for 24 hours, the cell survival rate of the low, medium and high dose groups is slightly reduced compared with that of the control group. After 48 hours of virus action, the effect was more pronounced than 24 hours of action, i.e. the cell viability was lower. The MCF-7 can be effectively killed in the lower, middle and high dose groups within 48 hours, and the cell survival rate is less than 60 percent. In SW1990, the cell survival rates at 48 hours were 67.87%, 44.16% and 31.62% for the lower, upper and lower three dose groups, respectively. Only the medium and high dose group of oncolytic viruses was effective in killing a549 relative to MCF-7 and SW 1990. Cell survival rates were 54.22% and 46.06% in the medium and high dose groups, respectively, 48 hours after viral action. From the above results, it is known that the recombinant oncolytic virus can rapidly kill a549, MCF-7, SW1900 cancer cells in a short time (e.g., 48 hours), and the higher the dose of the recombinant oncolytic virus, the lower the cell survival rate of the cancer cells.

Therefore, the recombinant oncolytic virus can quickly and effectively kill four cancer cells, namely A549, HepG2, MCF-7 and SW1990, and has obvious inhibiting effect on lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. Prolonging the duration of viral action or increasing the viral dose will dramatically reduce the cell viability of cancer cells.

Example 5 recombinant oncolytic viruses have significant therapeutic effects on immunodeficient nude mice bearing tumors

In order to research the oncolytic drug effect of the recombinant oncolytic virus on tumors, a nude mouse Subcutaneous (SQ) tumor model is established. 4-6 weeks old female BALB/c nude mice were injected right underarm with 100ul of 1.3X 10 diluted in sterile PBS⁶A549 or 1.3 × 10⁶SW 1990. When the tumor volume grows to about 50-200mm³Treatment was started. Intratumoral injections were performed every two days for a total of three times. The control group was injected with sterile PBS solution, the experimental group was injected with recombinant oncolytic virus solution at high, medium, and low doses, which was obtained by dissolving recombinant oncolytic virus in sterile 100ul PBS solution. High dose is 2X10⁶pfu, medium dose 1X10⁶pfu, low dose 5X 10⁵pfu. The physical condition of the mice was observed every day, and the body weight of the mice was monitored every two days. Using vernier caliper to monitor tumor diameter and calculating tumor volume, when the mouse survives for 32 days or the tumor volume reaches 4000mm³Mice were euthanized at time.

FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of treatment of immunodeficient nude mice with recombinant oncolytic viruses according to some embodiments of the present applicationSchematic representation of the constructed SW1990 and a549 subcutaneous tumor models. As shown in fig. 7, the control group represents mice before the injection of the recombinant oncolytic virus solution. Considering the tumor burden, tumors reach 50-200mm³High dose injections of recombinant oncolytic virus solutions were initiated. That is, the tumor size of the control group mice was 50-200mm³. Compared with the control group of the human non-small cell lung cancer cell A549, the mouse injected with the control group of the human pancreatic cancer cell SW1990 has rapid tumor formation and rapid growth. As shown in fig. 7, tumor volumes of both tumors were significantly reduced relative to the control group after 3 injections of high dose recombinant oncolytic virus solution.

Figure 8 is a graphical representation of the time and tumor volume of SW1990 subcutaneous tumor models treated with different doses of recombinant oncolytic virus at different times, according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the tumors of the control group injected with PBS continued to grow rapidly, while the tumor volume of the experimental group injected with the recombinant oncolytic virus solution was significantly reduced in either single injection or multiple injections in series. 32 days after the injection of the recombinant oncolytic virus, the tumor volume of the control group is increased by 3.7 times, while the tumor volume of the experimental group is reduced by 73 percent and 87 percent respectively except that the tumor volume of the low-dose group is increased by 60 percent. The above results indicate that the recombinant oncolytic virus has a strong oncolytic effect and that the oncolytic effect is dose-dependent. Medium doses of recombinant oncolytic virus require three consecutive injections for good oncolytic effect, but when the viral load is increased to high doses, i.e. 2X10⁶When pfu is used, only one injection is needed to achieve the oncolytic effect of three consecutive injections with medium dose.

Figure 9 is a graphical representation of time versus tumor volume for a549 subcutaneous tumor models treated with different doses of recombinant oncolytic virus at different times, according to some embodiments of the present application. Compared with SW1990 subcutaneous tumor model, the recombinant oncolytic virus has better oncolytic effect in the tumor model of A549 immunodeficiency nude mice. In the control group injected with PBS, the tumor volume increased 2.6-fold after 32 days of injection. One-time injection 8X 10⁶pfu virus reduced tumor volume by 58%, three consecutive injections 2X10⁶pfu virus, tumor volume decreased by 73%. Viral doseIncreased to (4-8) x10⁶pfu, tumors were essentially eliminated after three consecutive injections.

Thus, this example demonstrates that the recombinant oncolytic viruses provided herein have a good therapeutic effect on both lung cancer and pancreatic cancer.

Example 6 recombinant oncolytic viruses have significant therapeutic effect on immunocompromised whole mice bearing tumors

In order to research the oncolytic drug effect of the recombinant oncolytic virus on tumors, an Intraperitoneal (IP) tumor model of an immune complete mouse CT26 is established. 6-8 week old BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1.3X 10 diluted in 100ul sterile PBS⁶CT26 cells of (1). Treatment was started 3 days after cell injection.

Mice were injected intraperitoneally with recombinant oncolytic virus (dissolved in sterile 100ul of PBS) on day 3 post cancer cell injection, once every two days, three times in total. The control group was injected with sterile PBS solution, and the experimental group was injected with recombinant oncolytic virus at high and low doses. The low dose is 10⁶pfu, high dose 10⁷pfu. Mouse body weight was monitored before and after virus injection. The physical condition and survival condition of the mice were observed daily.

Figure 10 is a graph of time versus mouse survival for a peritoneal tumor model of CT26 treated with different doses of recombinant oncolytic virus according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, the survival rate of the mice in the PBS-injected control group was 10% and 90% of the mice died 19 days after the injection, whereas the mice in the PBS-injected control group were 10 days after the injection⁷pfu and 10⁶The survival rate of pfu virus-dosed experimental group mice was 100% and 87.5%, respectively. At the end of the 111 day experiment, 10⁷pfu and 10⁶pfu virus amount experimental mice still had higher survival rates of 60% and 50%, respectively.

Thus, the recombinant oncolytic virus significantly improves the viability of tumor-bearing mice. At 10⁷After pfu virus injection 3 times, 60% of abdominal tumor mice survived for a long time.

The recombinant oncolytic virus and the method for using the same disclosed by the application can bring beneficial effects including but not limited to: (1) the recombinant oncolytic virus contains a nucleic acid fragment of a soluble PD-1 molecule, and can release or reduce the inhibitory effect of a T cell on the oncolytic virus, so that the survival and the proliferation capacity of the oncolytic virus in a host cell are enhanced; (2) the recombinant oncolytic virus contains a nucleic acid fragment of an antibody of a CD3 molecule, can activate T cell proliferation and activation, and enhances the anti-tumor effect of an immune system; (3) the recombinant oncolytic virus contains a nucleic acid segment of VAR2CAS protein, which is beneficial to targeting cancer cells; (4) the recombinant oncolytic virus contains a nucleic acid fragment of the US11 protein, so that the capability of the oncolytic virus to escape from the natural immune defense of a host is enhanced, the survival time of the oncolytic virus in a body is prolonged, and the targeted infection and killing effect on cancer cells are enhanced.

It is to be noted that different embodiments may produce different advantages, and in different embodiments, any one or combination of the above advantages may be produced, or any other advantages may be obtained.

It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are only illustrative and not limiting of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and variation made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Sequence listing

<110> Shanghai Ying medical science & technology Limited

<120> oncolytic virus and use thereof

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agatcctggc agcagcagtt gtccacgccg ctcaggctgg tgtcctcgat cacgcagatc 2340

ttcagatcct tgtcgttctc ccgcacgccc agcttcacgt ccttgcattc ttttttcttg 2400

ttggtcttga tggagctgtg ggtgatacag gtcttgttgc tgctagggcc ggatgtctga 2460

gcctggccca cgctgctgat gccgctctcg ttgcagttgc aggcctcgtc gttgtggttg 2520

gctgtctcgc cgctggggtt gttggcgtcg ctggggttca ggatgaagct cagccggacc 2580

cccggagggt cggtcagctg gtccaggacc ggaaggtctt tgccgcgaaa gcgattgggg 2640

tcggccatct tgagagaggc atccaccaag gcatatttgc cgcggacccc atggaggccc 2700

actatgacga caaacaaaat cacggccccc aacctggcgg cagccccccc cataccggaa 2760

cgcaccacac aaaagagacc ttaaggataa ctgatgatcg gggtagttgg tcgttcgcgc 2820

tgaagattat gaccgaacaa ctccctaacc cctgcttttt aaagacagac tttgttatac 2880

ccctcctcct cgtaaaatgg cccctccccc ttgggggatt cgtcggtgtg gtcggtatgg 2940

acgatagtgt cacacggccg ggctaccgcg atctttattg ggggccgggg ccacggattt 3000

cctggttagc ccggtgttgt tgggtgccct ccgcattcgc ccccccatcc ccctgccgga 3060

catggtttgg ggggcgcacc ggtgatttat accatgccag ctggtggtgt cgggagtttg 3120

gacccgacat cacccac 3137

<210> 3

<211> 2095

<212> DNA

<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)

<400> 3

ggggggctat aaaagggggt gggggcgttc gatgcggctc tgcatcccgc aggtgctgtt 60

ggccttgttc ctttccatgc tgacagggcc gggagaaggc agctaccctt acgatgtacc 120

tgattacgcc caagtgcagc ttcagcagag cggcgctgag ctggcccggc ccggggcctc 180

tgtgaaaatg agctgcaagg cttccggtta cacctttaca aggtacacaa tgcactgggt 240

gaagcagcgg ccagggcagg ggctagagtg gatcggctac ataaacccat ctcggggata 300

tacaaactac aatcaaaagt tcaaagacaa ggccacactg acaacggaca agtcaagcag 360

cacagcttac atgcaactgt catctctgac atccgaggat agcgccgttt actattgcgc 420

cagatactat gatgaccact attgcttgga ctactgggga cagggaacaa ccctcacagt 480

tagctccggc ggggggggca gtggaggtgg aggatctggg ggcggcggta gtcagatcgt 540

cctcacacag tctccggcca taatgtccgc ctcccccgga gagaaggtta ctatgacatg 600

ttccgcatct tcctctgtgt catatatgaa ttggtatcag cagaagagtg gcacctctcc 660

taaacgctgg atttacgata cctctaaact ggcgtccggg gtgcctgcac atttcagagg 720

atcaggctcc ggtacgagtt attcactcac aatatctgga atggaggccg aagatgccgc 780

tacttactac tgccaacaat ggtcaagcaa ccccttcact ttcgggagcg ggacaaagct 840

ggagatcaac atggcctcct ctgggtatgt cctccaggcg gaactctccc cctcaactga 900

gaactcaagt caactggact tcgaagatgt atggaactct tcctatggtg tgaatgattc 960

cttcccagat ggagactatg atgccaacct ggaagcagca gccccctgcc actcctgtaa 1020

cctgctggat gactctgcac tgcccttctt catcctcacc agtgtcctgg gtatcctagc 1080

tagcagcact gtcctcttca tgcttttcag acctctcttc cgctggcagc tctgccctgg 1140

ctggcctgtc ctggcacaac tggctgtggg cagtgccctc ttcagcattg tggtgcccgt 1200

cttggcccca gggctaggta gcactcgcag ctctgccctg tgtagcctgg gctactgtgt 1260

ctggtatggc tcagcctttg cccaggcttt gctgctaggg tgccatgcct ccctgggcca 1320

cagactgggt gcaggccagg tcccaggcct caccctgggg ctcactgtgg gaatttgggg 1380

agtggctgcc ctactgacac tgcctgtcac cctggccagt ggtgcttctg gtggactctg 1440

caccctgata tacagcacgg agctgaaggc tttgcaggcc acacacactg tagcctgtct 1500

tgccatcttt gtcttgttgc cattgggttt gtttggagcc aaggggctga agaaggcatt 1560

gggtatgggg ccaggcccct ggatgaatat cctgtgggcc tggtttattt tctggtggcc 1620

tcatggggtg gttctaggac tggatttcct ggtgaggtcc aagctgttgc tgttgtcaac 1680

atgtctggcc cagcaggctc tggacctgct gctgaacctg gcagaagccc tggcaatttt 1740

gcactgtgtg gctacgcccc tgctcctcgc cctattctgc caccaggcca cccgcaccct 1800

cttgccctct ctgcccctcc ctgaaggatg gtcttctcat ctggacaccc ttggaagcaa 1860

atcctaacga ctgtgccttc tagttgccag ccatctgttg tttgcccctc ccccgtgcct 1920

tccttgaccc tggaaggtgc cactcccact gtcctttcct aataaaatga ggaaattgca 1980

tcgcattgtc tgagtaggtg tcattctatt ctggggggtg gggtggggca ggacagcaag 2040

ggggaggatt gggaagacaa tagcaggaat gctggggatg cggtgggctc tatgg 2095

<210> 4

<211> 1247

<212> DNA

<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)

<400> 4

ttctagagtc acgacgcatt tgcccccgtc cccgcagcaa cacacaaagc gatttcaatt 60

ttcacgattt tattattaat tacaccaacc accctgtccc cgggacgtgg tcaggaccgg 120

gggtccgcac ccaaacgcac gaaacaaatg ctggcagtgt gccgaatata accccgcgta 180

ggaacacgtc gacgcgtgcg ccaaacagca ccagaaggcg catgccatca gcaggtcgtg 240

catatggcga tgtgtttgga cgcagggcgc agccgcggcg ataaaattca tggcggccgt 300

ccgccagggc cacagcggcg aggactccct gttggcccga agccattggg tatgaaccag 360

ctgcgcctcc tgtccgaccc tggctcccgc cagcgggggc ggtgggtcgt gggtgttgag 420

agcacacagg cgggacacct cgatcaccgt ccgaaaaaag gcccggtggt ccgcgggcag 480

catctgcagg tgcgccaggg cctgggcgtt gagagggtac aactcggagc cgggggactc 540

cgggggccgg tccgcgcggt gccgcgagtt ggcacgcttt ggggcccggg tgtcggacgc 600

gggcgcgtta tggatcccga cgcggggcag aacgtacgtg cgttggcgcg gcgatgaggg 660

gtccgggctg ccgagggggg cgtaggggac cgggctaggc aagcccgcgg gttgcgcggg 720

gttcccgtgg gggtctaggc tccctgggca cccgtggggg tcgtgggggt cgcgggtccc 780

tgggtatgcg cgggaccctg ggttctctgg gagatcgtgg aactcgcggt tccctgggct 840

ctcggggaac ccggggctcc ctggggacac gtggtgccct gggaattctt gatggtcgga 900

cggcttcaga tggcttcggg atcgagaggg ccgcacagac tcgtagtaga cccgaatctc 960

cacgtttccc cgccgccgga tcatggtcgc cgccccggtg cgggggcccg tcggtcggaa 1020

gcgagtgccc ttcaagcgtg tccgctcctc tgggctgcat gccgtcggat ggggtgcctt 1080

ttaaggaaag gtctcggctg cccgccccaa ccggggtttg ggggtgggcc ggggaaaccc 1140

cggatgccat ggcattcgtt tattacaaga attaaatcaa gttggtatag tcttaaaact 1200

gcttgatcat gatcaacgta ataatcgccg tggatgtcca ttggtct 1247

<210> 5

<211> 10439

<212> DNA

<213> Artificial Sequence (Artificial Sequence)

<400> 5

ggaggaaggg agggaggagg gtactggggg tgaagaaggg gggggggaga agcgagaaca 60

ggaaaggcga tggagcccgg cagaacaccg aggaaaaaaa aaccacagcg catgcgccgg 120

gccgttgtgg ggccccgggc cggggcccct tgggtccgcc ggggccccgg gccgggccgc 180

cacgggggcc ggccgttggc ggtaaccccg agtgttcatc tcaggccccg ggccgggaac 240

ccggaaaagc ctccgggggg cctttttcgc gtcgcgtgcc ggcgagcggg tccggacggg 300

gcccggaccg ccgcggtcgg gggcccctcg tcccgggccg tacgcggcct tcgccccgtg 360

aggggacaga cgaacgaaac attccggcga cggaacgaaa aacaccccag acgggttaaa 420

gaaacagaaa ccgcaacccc caccaccccc gaaacgggga aaacgaaaaa acagaccagc 480

ggccggccgg cgcttagggg gaggatgtcg ccgacgcccc ttggccgccc cggctgcagg 540

ggggcccgga gagccgcggc acccggacgc gcccggaaag tctttcgcac cacccgcgat 600

cggcacggcc gcgcccccgc ttttataaag gctgagatga cgcagcaaaa acaggccaca 660

gcaccacgtg ggtaggtgat gtaattttat tttcctcgtc tgcggcctaa tggatttccg 720

ggcgcggtgc ccctgtctgc agagcactta acggaattct agagtcacga cgcatttgcc 780

cccgtccccg cagcaacaca caaagcgatt tcaattttca cgattttatt attaattaca 840

ccaaccaccc tgtccccggg acgtggtcag gaccgggggt ccgcacccaa acgcacgaaa 900

caaatgctgg cagtgtgccg aatataaccc cgcgtaggaa cacgtcgacg cgtgcgccaa 960

acagcaccag aaggcgcatg ccatcagcag gtcgtgcata tggcgatgtg tttggacgca 1020

gggcgcagcc gcggcgataa aattcatggc ggccgtccgc cagggccaca gcggcgagga 1080

ctccctgttg gcccgaagcc attgggtatg aaccagctgc gcctcctgtc cgaccctggc 1140

tcccgccagc gggggcggtg ggtcgtgggt gttgagagca cacaggcggg acacctcgat 1200

caccgtccga aaaaaggccc ggtggtccgc gggcagcatc tgcaggtgcg ccagggcctg 1260

ggcgttgaga gggtacaact cggagccggg ggactccggg ggccggtccg cgcggtgccg 1320

cgagttggca cgctttgggg cccgggtgtc ggacgcgggc gcgttatgga tcccgacgcg 1380

gggcagaacg tacgtgcgtt ggcgcggcga tgaggggtcc gggctgccga ggggggcgta 1440

ggggaccggg ctaggcaagc ccgcgggttg cgcggggttc ccgtgggggt ctaggctccc 1500

tgggcacccg tgggggtcgt gggggtcgcg ggtccctggg tatgcgcggg accctgggtt 1560

ctctgggaga tcgtggaact cgcggttccc tgggctctcg gggaacccgg ggctccctgg 1620

ggacacgtgg tgccctggga attcttgatg gtcggacggc ttcagatggc ttcgggatcg 1680

agagggccgc acagactcgt agtagacccg aatctccacg tttccccgcc gccggatcat 1740

ggtcgccgcc ccggtgcggg ggcccgtcgg tcggaagcga gtgcccttca agcgtgtccg 1800

ctcctctggg ctgcatgccg tcggatgggg tgccttttaa ggaaaggtct cggctgcccg 1860

ccccaaccgg ggtttggggg tgggccgggg aaaccccgga tgccatggca ttcgtttatt 1920

acaagaatta aatcaagttg gtatagtctt aaaactgctt gatcatgatc aacgtaataa 1980

tcgccgtgga tgtccattgg tctaattccc atagagccca ccgcatcccc agcattcctg 2040

ctattgtctt cccaatcctc ccccttgctg tcctgcccca ccccaccccc cagaatagaa 2100

tgacacctac tcagacaatg cgatgcaatt tcctcatttt attaggaaag gacagtggga 2160

gtggcacctt ccagggtcaa ggaaggcacg ggggaggggc aaacaacaga tggctggcaa 2220

ctagaaggca cagtcgttac ttgtacagct cgtccatgcc gagagtgatc ccggcggcgg 2280

tcacgaactc cagcaggacc atgtgatcgc gcttctcgtt ggggtctttg ctcagggcgg 2340

actggtagct caggtagtgg ttgtcgggca gcagcacggg gccgtcgccg atgggggtgt 2400

tctgctggta gtggtcggcg agctgcacgc tgccgtcctc gatgttgtgg cggatcttga 2460

agttcacctt gatgccgttc ttctgcttgt cggccatgat atagacgttg tggctgttgt 2520

agttgtactc cagcttgtgc cccaggatgt tgccgtcctc cttgaagtcg atgcccttca 2580

gctcgatgcg gttcaccagg gtgtcgccct cgaacttcac ctcggcgcgg gtcttgtagt 2640

tgccgtcgtc cttgaagaag atggtgcgct cctggacgta gccttcgggc atggcggact 2700

tgaagaagtc gtgctgcttc atgtggtcgg ggtagcgggc gaagcacttc aggccgtagc 2760

cgaaggtggt cacgagggtg ggccagggca cgggcagctt gccggtggtg cagatgaact 2820

tcagggtcag cttgccgtag gtggcatcgc cctcgccctc gccggacacg ctgaacttgt 2880

ggccgtttac gtcgccgtcc agctcgacca ggatgggcac caccccggtg aacagctcct 2940

cgcccttgct caccatctca ccatggtggc gtccggtagc gctagcggat ctgacggttc 3000

actaaaccag ctctgcttat atagacctcc caccgtacac gcctaccgcc catttgcgtc 3060

aatggggcgg agttgttacg acattttgga aagtcccgtt gattttggtg ccaaaacaaa 3120

ctcccattga cgtcaatggg gtggagactt ggaaatcccc gtgagtcaaa ccgctatcca 3180

cgcccattga tgtactgcca aaaccgcatc accatggtaa tagcgatgac taatacgtag 3240

atgtactgcc aagtaggaaa gtcccataag gtcatgtact gggcataatg ccaggcgggc 3300

catttaccgt cattgacgtc aatagggggc gtacttggca tatgatacac ttgatgtact 3360

gccaagtggg cagtttaccg taaatactcc acccattgac gtcaatggaa agtccctatt 3420

ggcgttacta tgggaacata cgtcattatt gacgtcaatg ggcgggggtc gttgggcggt 3480

cagccaggcg ggccatttac cgtaagttat gtaacgcgga actccatata tgggctatga 3540

actaatgacc ccgtaattga ttactattaa taactaatgc atggcggtaa tacggttatc 3600

cacgcggccg cctagcttgc atgcaggcct ctgcagtcga cgggcccggg atccgattaa 3660

gatacattga tgagtttgga caaaccacaa ctagaatgca gtgaaaaaaa tgctttattt 3720

gtgaaatttg tgatgctatt gctttatttg taaccattat aagctgcaat aaacaagttt 3780

caggtttgga actggccggc tggcctgggt gaggggctgg ggtgggctgt gggcacttct 3840

gcccttctct ctgtcaccct cagttctgcc cgcaggctct ctttgatctg cgccttgggg 3900

gccagggaga tggccccaca gaggtaggtg ccgctgtcat tgcgccgggc cctgaccacg 3960

ctcatgtgga agtcacgccc gttgggcagt tgtgtgacac ggaagcggca gtcctggccg 4020

ggctggctgc ggtcctcggg gaaggcggcc agcttgtccg tctggttgct ggggctcatt 4080

ctataccagt ttagcacgaa gctctccgat gtgttggaga agctacaggt gaaggtggcg 4140

ttgtcccctt cggtcaccac gagcagggct ggggagaagg tgggggggtt ccagggcctg 4200

tctggggagt ctaagaacca tcctggccgc cagcccagtt gtagcaccgc ccagacgact 4260

ggccagggcg cctgtgggat ctgcatctgg agctagcgtc tgaaacgaga cgctaattag 4320

tgtatatttt ttcaatttta ccggatattt atattccaaa aaaaaaaaat aaaaatctag 4380

atgcattcgc gaggtaccga cagagtgcca gccctgggac cgaaccccgc gtttatgaac 4440

aaacgaccca acacccgtgc gttttattct gtctttttat tgccgtcata gcgcgggttc 4500

cttccggtat tgtctccttc cgtgtttcag ttagcctccc ccgtttaaac tcattactaa 4560

ccggtaggga tcgaaccctt ctagtaaaac aagggctggt gcgaggacgg ctggtcgtct 4620

tcccggatgt gggggaggcg tatgcgcttt ggggcttttt gagtgtggcg gcgcatccag 4680

tacacaattc cgcaaatgac cagggctgcc aggagactgc cgcccaccgc gccggcgatc 4740

aggcccatgt tgttcggggt ggccggggga tggtaaggcg tcgcggcgtc ctggatcgac 4800

ggtatgtgcc agtttggtgg gatttgcggc gccaccgtcc ccacggggtc ctccaagagg 4860

gccgaatcct cggggtcttc cggggcgagt tctggctgcg tggcgttggg ggtctcggac 4920

agctccgggg gcagcagggt gctcgtgtat ggggccttgg gcccgtgcca cccggcgatc 4980

ttcaagctgt atacggcgac ggtgcgctgg ttctcgggga tgaagcgggg cagcatcccg 5040

atgctgtcca ccgtcacccc ctgctggtag gcctgggggg agaggcaggc tgacgggggg 5100

atgcgcagcg ggttgctccg cacggtggtg ggcttcacat ccacgccgtt gtacttgcac 5160

agttcgtagt tatcgttctt ataccctctc ttcatggtcc gagcgctccc gcaggaccac 5220

tggttcatgt attctttccg gtcgtcgcat gtttcctcgt tggtggggat cttgcactgg 5280

caggcgtact tgtaccggta gggtgtgttg cccagggggc tgggcacgtt caccaccacc 5340

agggtgtcgc tgctctggct cttgctcttg tcccgctctt tgttgcactt ctcggttgta 5400

gtgtatgttg tataggttgt ccagggggcc ttgtcggcgc cacagatgtt gtcgtccagc 5460

acgttgctca ggtagctgct gggggtggtc aggccgatat cgatcaggtg cttgaaaaag 5520

ctgtcgatgt cgctctgcac gcacttattc tcgtcggtgc tggcagcggc gttggtggtg 5580

gagctggtgc cgcagttctt ggtgccggcc ttccggttcc gcttggcgtc ctcgatgtgc 5640

ttgctgtacc gcttgtagat ctggtcccat ctcttggacc aggggctgcc ggctgttccg 5700

atgcctccgc cggctgtgcc gcaggcctcg atgaacttct tgtacttctc gcactcatcc 5760

ttgcacttgg ttttgcactc ggtcttgcat ttgttgccgg attctttgca gctcttgcag 5820

ttggtgatca cgtccttcac tttggcctgc cgctgctcgc agaagttctc gacccattcc 5880

tgcagaaatc tcaggtactg ggggatcagg tcgatggtgg ggatgtcgtc gcagctggag 5940

ccgctgccgg tcacggagcc gtcggcgtta caggtggtga tgttcatctc ggcgccgtgc 6000

ttcatggcgg tccagatgta cttcttattg gtattccacc aagactcgcg cagctcgtcc 6060

agggagctgt aggaggtgtc ctgctcggcg gtattgttct tcttgatgta cttgccgaac 6120

agcttgccga agttgttctg cagattcagt tccaggtcct ttgtgtactc gttgtcccag 6180

atggaggtgc ccttgatcag gtcgccgtag tcggcgaagc tgtattccag agccttgcac 6240

aggttttctt tgttgccgct gttcttattc tgggggtagc gcttcttcag attcttgccc 6300

tcgtggaagg acacgatcag gcagccggcc agaaacttct ctttggtgtc gaagttgatg 6360

tccttcacat cctcgcacac gttttccagt ttgggcagat tgcccaggta caggctctgg 6420

gtcctggggg gcaggccgat ggtgttggcg tactcttcct gcaggccttc ctcgttgccg 6480

ctggacttct tccagatcca cttcttcttg gaccgggagg tgccgctctt gcacttatcg 6540

cacttgtagc cgttggtcag gctggcgaac accttttcca gctttttctg gcactcgtcc 6600

tggttcttat tgtcgcagct gtcgttggag ctgctgcccc gcttgttgtc gctgcagttt 6660

tcctgcagga tgcccagcag atcctggcag cagcagttgt ccacgccgct caggctggtg 6720

tcctcgatca cgcagatctt cagatccttg tcgttctccc gcacgcccag cttcacgtcc 6780

ttgcattctt ttttcttgtt ggtcttgatg gagctgtggg tgatacaggt cttgttgctg 6840

ctagggccgg atgtctgagc ctggcccacg ctgctgatgc cgctctcgtt gcagttgcag 6900

gcctcgtcgt tgtggttggc tgtctcgccg ctggggttgt tggcgtcgct ggggttcagg 6960

atgaagctca gccggacccc cggagggtcg gtcagctggt ccaggaccgg aaggtctttg 7020

ccgcgaaagc gattggggtc ggccatcttg agagaggcat ccaccaaggc atatttgccg 7080

cggaccccat ggaggcccac tatgacgaca aacaaaatca cggcccccaa cctggcggca 7140

gcccccccca taccggaacg caccacacaa aagagacctt aaggataact gatgatcggg 7200

gtagttggtc gttcgcgctg aagattatga ccgaacaact ccctaacccc tgctttttaa 7260

agacagactt tgttataccc ctcctcctcg taaaatggcc cctccccctt gggggattcg 7320

tcggtgtggt cggtatggac gatagtgtca cacggccggg ctaccgcgat ctttattggg 7380

ggccggggcc acggatttcc tggttagccc ggtgttgttg ggtgccctcc gcattcgccc 7440

ccccatcccc ctgccggaca tggtttgggg ggcgcaccgg tgatttatac catgccagct 7500

ggtggtgtcg ggagtttgga cccgacatca cccactctag atggggggct ataaaagggg 7560

gtgggggcgt tcgatgcggc tctgcatccc gcaggtgctg ttggccttgt tcctttccat 7620

gctgacaggg ccgggagaag gcagctaccc ttacgatgta cctgattacg cccaagtgca 7680

gcttcagcag agcggcgctg agctggcccg gcccggggcc tctgtgaaaa tgagctgcaa 7740

ggcttccggt tacaccttta caaggtacac aatgcactgg gtgaagcagc ggccagggca 7800

ggggctagag tggatcggct acataaaccc atctcgggga tatacaaact acaatcaaaa 7860

gttcaaagac aaggccacac tgacaacgga caagtcaagc agcacagctt acatgcaact 7920

gtcatctctg acatccgagg atagcgccgt ttactattgc gccagatact atgatgacca 7980

ctattgcttg gactactggg gacagggaac aaccctcaca gttagctccg gcgggggggg 8040

cagtggaggt ggaggatctg ggggcggcgg tagtcagatc gtcctcacac agtctccggc 8100

cataatgtcc gcctcccccg gagagaaggt tactatgaca tgttccgcat cttcctctgt 8160

gtcatatatg aattggtatc agcagaagag tggcacctct cctaaacgct ggatttacga 8220

tacctctaaa ctggcgtccg gggtgcctgc acatttcaga ggatcaggct ccggtacgag 8280

ttattcactc acaatatctg gaatggaggc cgaagatgcc gctacttact actgccaaca 8340

atggtcaagc aaccccttca ctttcgggag cgggacaaag ctggagatca acatggcctc 8400

ctctgggtat gtcctccagg cggaactctc cccctcaact gagaactcaa gtcaactgga 8460

cttcgaagat gtatggaact cttcctatgg tgtgaatgat tccttcccag atggagacta 8520

tgatgccaac ctggaagcag cagccccctg ccactcctgt aacctgctgg atgactctgc 8580

actgcccttc ttcatcctca ccagtgtcct gggtatccta gctagcagca ctgtcctctt 8640

catgcttttc agacctctct tccgctggca gctctgccct ggctggcctg tcctggcaca 8700

actggctgtg ggcagtgccc tcttcagcat tgtggtgccc gtcttggccc cagggctagg 8760

tagcactcgc agctctgccc tgtgtagcct gggctactgt gtctggtatg gctcagcctt 8820

tgcccaggct ttgctgctag ggtgccatgc ctccctgggc cacagactgg gtgcaggcca 8880

ggtcccaggc ctcaccctgg ggctcactgt gggaatttgg ggagtggctg ccctactgac 8940

actgcctgtc accctggcca gtggtgcttc tggtggactc tgcaccctga tatacagcac 9000

ggagctgaag gctttgcagg ccacacacac tgtagcctgt cttgccatct ttgtcttgtt 9060

gccattgggt ttgtttggag ccaaggggct gaagaaggca ttgggtatgg ggccaggccc 9120

ctggatgaat atcctgtggg cctggtttat tttctggtgg cctcatgggg tggttctagg 9180

actggatttc ctggtgaggt ccaagctgtt gctgttgtca acatgtctgg cccagcaggc 9240

tctggacctg ctgctgaacc tggcagaagc cctggcaatt ttgcactgtg tggctacgcc 9300

cctgctcctc gccctattct gccaccaggc cacccgcacc ctcttgccct ctctgcccct 9360

ccctgaagga tggtcttctc atctggacac ccttggaagc aaatcctaac gactgtgcct 9420

tctagttgcc agccatctgt tgtttgcccc tcccccgtgc cttccttgac cctggaaggt 9480

gccactccca ctgtcctttc ctaataaaat gaggaaattg catcgcattg tctgagtagg 9540

tgtcattcta ttctgggggg tggggtgggg caggacagca agggggagga ttgggaagac 9600

aatagcagga atgctgggga tgcggtgggc tctatggatc ggatcccggg cccgtcgact 9660

gcagaggcct gcatgcaagc ttgggagcca gttagattgc atgtgatcgt tgggaatgac 9720

ccccggggtt ataaaaggcg cgtcccgtgg acgcggccct cggttgggcg acgcatgcca 9780

gcccaacaaa atccgccggg gtgccagtcc cattcccgaa ggcgtagccc gttaacttgg 9840

ctggcttgga tggggagtag ggccttttcc attaccccaa ggacctagcg cgcgggagtc 9900

gtggctttgg ggcgcatcca tggcttcgga ggcggcgcaa cccgacgcgg gtttatggag 9960

cgcggggaac gcgtttgctg atcccccgcc cccctacgat agcttgtctg gtaggaacga 10020

ggggccgttt gtcgttattg atctggacac ccccacggac ccacctccac cgtactctgc 10080

tgggcccctg ttgtccgtgc caattccgcc aacctcctcc ggagagggcg aggcgtcgga 10140

gcggggccgc tcacgccaag ccgcccagcg agccgctcgg cgcgcccggc gccgcgccga 10200

acgacgtgcg cagcgccgga gttttggccc tggcgggtta ttggcaaccc ccctgtttct 10260

tccggaaacc aggcttgtgg ccccacccga catcacaagg gacctcttgt cgggcctccc 10320

gacgtacgcc gaggctatgt cggaccaccc cccaacctat gccactgtcg tggccgttcg 10380

ttcgaccgaa cagccgtccg gggctttggc gcccgacgac cagcgacgaa cgcaaaact 10439

Claims

1. An oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid, wherein said recombinant nucleic acid comprises:

(i) a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule;

(ii) a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein; and

(iii) a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to the CD3 molecule.

2. The oncolytic virus of claim 1, wherein the first nucleic acid fragment has greater than or equal to 90% similarity to the sequence of SEQ ID NO. 1.

3. The oncolytic virus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the second nucleic acid fragment has a 90% or greater similarity to the sequence of SEQ ID No. 2.

4. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the third nucleic acid fragment has a 90% or greater similarity to the sequence of SEQ ID NO. 3.

5. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the recombinant nucleic acid further comprises:

(iv) a fourth nucleic acid fragment encoding a US11 protein.

6. The oncolytic virus of claim 5, wherein the fourth nucleic acid fragment has a 90% or greater similarity to the sequence of SEQ ID NO. 4.

7. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the oncolytic virus is of the herpes simplex virus genus.

8. The oncolytic virus of claim 7, wherein the oncolytic virus is an HSV-1 virus and the recombinant nucleic acid has greater than or equal to 80% similarity to the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 5.

9. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the recombinant sequence further comprises at least one of the following nucleic acid fragments: nucleic acid fragments encoding cytokines, nucleic acid fragments encoding co-stimulatory molecules, nucleic acid fragments encoding anti-angiogenic factors, and nucleic acid fragments encoding matrix metalloproteinases.

10. An oncolytic virus comprising a recombinant nucleic acid, wherein said recombinant nucleic acid comprises:

(i) a first nucleic acid fragment encoding a soluble PD-1 molecule;

(ii) a second nucleic acid fragment encoding a VAR2CSA protein;

(iii) a third nucleic acid fragment encoding an antibody to the CD3 molecule; and

(iv) a fourth nucleic acid fragment encoding a US11 protein.

11. The oncolytic virus of claim 10, wherein the oncolytic virus is an HSV-1 or HSV-2 virus, and the fourth nucleic acid fragment comprises an exogenous nucleic acid fragment inserted into the recombinant nucleic acid.

12. The oncolytic virus of claim 10 or 11, wherein the oncolytic virus is HSV-1 virus and the recombinant nucleic acid has a similarity to the sequence presented as SEQ ID No. 5 of greater than or equal to 80%.

13. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the oncolytic virus when acting at a multiplicity of infection of 1 on human non-small cell lung cancer cells, human liver cancer cells, human breast cancer cells or human pancreatic cancer cells in a culture environment is capable of causing death of at least 40%, 80%, 40%, 50% of the cancer cells within 48 hours, respectively.

14. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the oncolytic virus when applied at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1 on human liver cancer cells, human breast cancer cells, or human pancreatic cancer cells in a culture environment is capable of causing death of about 80%, 40%, 30% of the cancer cells within 48 hours, respectively.

15. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the oncolytic virus is administered at 2x10⁶pfu dose 1 injection or 1x10⁶pfu when administered to human pancreatic cancer tumors in 3 injections resulted in at least 70% or 80% reduction in tumor volume within 32 days, respectively.

16. The oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the oncolytic virus is administered at 2x10⁶pfu was administered in 3 injections or 4X10⁶pfu when administered to human non-small cell lung cancer tumors in 3 injections resulted in at least 70% or 90% reduction in tumor volume within 32 days, respectively.

17. A composition for the treatment of cancer, comprising the oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-12 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

18. The composition of claim 17, wherein the cancer is melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, or osteosarcoma.

19. The composition of claim 17, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, or pancreatic cancer.

20. A composition for treating pancreatic cancer, comprising the oncolytic virus of any one of claims 1-16 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient.

21. Use of an oncolytic virus according to any one of claims 1-16 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of cancer.

22. The use of claim 21, wherein the cancer is melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer or osteosarcoma.

23. The use of claim 21, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer or pancreatic cancer.

24. Use of an oncolytic virus according to any one of claims 1-16 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

25. A method for treating cancer, the method comprising: administering to a subject having cancer an effective dose of the composition of claim 13.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the cancer is melanoma, lung cancer, leukemia, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, or osteosarcoma.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein the cancer is lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, or pancreatic cancer.

28. The method of any one of claims 25-27, wherein the subject is a mammal.

29. The method of any one of claims 25-28, wherein the effective dose is in the groupThe ratio of the amount of the oncolytic virus contained in the composition to the body weight of the subject is in the range of 2.5 x10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁵pfu/g。

30. The method of any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the effective amount of the oncolytic virus contained in the composition has a ratio to the body weight of the subject in the range of 2.5 x10⁴pfu/g-5×10⁶pfu/g。

31. The method of any one of claims 25-30, wherein administering an effective dose of the composition to a subject having cancer comprises:

administering the composition to the subject by injection.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein said administering said composition to said subject by injection comprises:

injecting the composition into a site within or near a tumor of the subject.