CN112837195B - Block chain-based environment monitoring system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an environment monitoring system and method based on a blockchain, which can effectively solve the problems of easy tampering of environment automatic monitoring data, poor data sharing and exchanging capability, low data value utilization rate and difficult supervision of an environment law enforcement agency in the traditional environment monitoring system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blockchain, in particular to an environment monitoring system and method based on blockchain.
Background
Environmental monitoring is the basic work of ecological environment protection, environmental monitoring data is the comprehensive decision of ecological environment and the scientific basis for making environmental protection laws and regulations, however, the current environmental monitoring system is served by a centralized server, belongs to a highly centralized system architecture, has great hidden danger in data security, brings great difficulties to environmental law enforcement, and is particularly embodied in the following aspects:
1. environmental monitoring data is easy to tamper with: the quality of data is a life line of environment monitoring work, and the authenticity, the comprehensiveness and the chronicity of environment-friendly data are the most basic requirements of environment monitoring, but the quality of data provided by a plurality of pollution discharge enterprises is low, and sometimes even the phenomenon that the data are tampered exists, so that the effect of national environmental management is affected.
2. The detection data of the third-party detection mechanism and the detection process are easy to tamper, and the pollution discharge enterprise side handles the business such as pollution discharge license or the environmental protection organization and needs the third-party detection mechanism to provide a pollution source related detection report or a monitoring report in the environment supervision process, so that the third-party detection mechanism can be influenced by benefits and provides a fake detection report or a fake monitoring report.
3. Environmental law enforcement agencies have difficulty supervising: although the national regulation environment automatic monitoring data can be used as the basis of the supervision law enforcement such as the environment administration punishment, law enforcement personnel consider that the automatic monitoring data provided by some enterprises are not reliable and are not credible in practice, so that the environment law enforcement effect is limited.
4. Information island is serious: the data of each environment monitoring system is scattered, so that the data information sharing and exchange are seriously hindered, and the information island with the size is caused, so that the information sharing performance is relatively poor.
5. Data value is to be mined: along with the development of big data technology, traditional environmental monitoring system has accumulated various information such as environmental monitoring, supervision, and after most of this kind of information was gathered and stored, because system interconnection intercommunication is difficult, can't exert its data value, and data availability is inefficiency.
The blockchain technology has the characteristics of distributed storage, transparent disclosure, non-tamperable data, traceability and the like, and can play an important role in tamper resistance, safe sharing and data value mining of environment monitoring data; meanwhile, the technology such as commercial passwords, electronic signatures and time stamps is integrated, so that the online identity real safety of the environment monitoring service, transparent mark remaining in the service process and online data credible evidence storage can be realized, the administrative punishment of an environment law enforcement agency can be depended, and the enterprise can be self-verified and cleared. Therefore, it is imperative to invent a blockchain-based environment monitoring system and method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, the invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides an environment monitoring system and method based on a blockchain, which can effectively solve the problems of easy tampering of environment automatic monitoring data, poor data sharing and exchanging capability, low data value utilization rate and difficult supervision of environment law enforcement agencies in the traditional environment monitoring system.
The technical scheme is that the environment monitoring system comprises a sewage disposal enterprise service subsystem, a third party service subsystem, an expert service subsystem, an environmental protection agency service subsystem and a block chain service subsystem.
The invention provides environment monitoring, data detection credibility self-certification capability and safe sharing capability for all parties of the system using by using technologies such as blockchain, electronic signature, time stamp and the like, is convenient for law enforcement of environment law enforcement agencies to be dependent, improves supervision capability and is innovation on an environment monitoring system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a system topology of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block chain based environmental monitoring system for environmental review of a sewage disposal facility, as shown in example 1.
Fig. 4 is an embodiment 2 of the implementation method of the system of the present invention, assuming that the blockchain-based environmental monitoring system is applied to daily supervision of a sewage disposal enterprise.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
1-4, the environmental monitoring system of the present invention comprises a blowdown enterprise service subsystem, a third party service subsystem, an expert service subsystem, an environmental protection agency service subsystem, and a blockchain service subsystem.
The pollution discharge enterprise service subsystem is used for establishing all accounts related to environmental management, supervision, punishment, monitoring and the like for the pollution discharge enterprises, classifying and arranging sequentially, uniformly filing, and finally forming a set of comprehensive, whole-process, dynamic, comprehensive and environment-friendly information files capable of truly reflecting the working general appearance of pollution sources for each pollution discharge enterprise, and comprises enterprise management, enterprise registration, autonomous environment-friendly acceptance, an automatic monitoring data acquisition module, an automatic monitoring data reporting module, an automatic monitoring data early warning notification, pollution source basic information maintenance, service data association management, service data expansion inquiry, environment management attribute maintenance and inquiry function modules;
the third party service subsystem mainly provides environment evaluation, environment protection acceptance, environment monitoring and other services for pollution discharge enterprises, and comprises an environmental evaluation unit management, third party enterprise informatization management, contract management, detection mechanism management, environmental evaluation report service, environmental evaluation acceptance service, third party detection service, detection task dispatch, detection task report, environment risk and security service and enterprise informatization service module;
the expert service subsystem comprises an expert registration module, an expert basic information maintenance module, an expert management module, an expert library management module, an expert selection module, a criticizing report review module, a criticizing compliance check module, an industrial policy compliance check module and a pollution discharge permission execution condition check module;
the environment protection organization service subsystem comprises an environment protection organization personnel management module, an environment protection organization report evaluation application module, an environment protection report approval module, an environment protection acceptance module, an enterprise superrank early warning notification module, an enterprise superrank early warning processing module, an environment law enforcement detection result, an environment law enforcement administrative punishment module, an enterprise environment protection regulation module, an environment emergency management module and a standard environment protection management module;
the block chain service subsystem mainly provides enterprise automatic environment protection detection, third party environment protection detection service, expert critique, environment protection investigation, environment protection supervision, environment protection management and other chain up-chain and down-chain identity authentication, electronic signature, data up-chain evidence storage and trusted sharing service for each service platform, and specifically comprises the following aspects:
1. consensus mechanism: the DPOS+PBFT consensus mechanism is adopted, so that the node achieves higher consensus speed, lower delay and higher throughput of the whole network;
2. intelligent contract: different intelligent contracts are designed according to specific environment-friendly business scenes, the intelligent contracts contain all information about transactions, the transactions can be automatically executed as long as the set contract conditions are met, and the execution process is traceable and the result is irreversible;
3. electronic signature technology: an electronic signature and image processing technology is adopted, online digital signature verification is carried out on the electronic contract and the electronic form related to the business layer, the visual effect identical to that of paper file signature or stamping is presented, and the authenticity, the integrity and the non-repudiation of signature behaviors of electronic data are ensured;
4. digital identity authentication: the user needs to use the credible electronic identity certificate issued by the authority mechanism as the identification of the real identity information of the user, so that the authenticity and non-repudiation of the business transaction are ensured;
5. timestamp service: the method provides accurate and reliable time stamp service for indicating the time attribute of the data to be signed, accords with laws, regulations and standard specifications related to password application and electronic signature, adopts an accurate time source, high-strength and high-standard security mechanism to confirm the existence of the data processed by the system at a certain time and the relative time sequence of related operations, and provides basic service for time repudiation in the information system.
The invention also provides an environment monitoring method based on the blockchain, which comprises the steps of incorporating all parties (a pollution discharge enterprise party, a third party service party, an expert party, an environment protection organization party and the like) used by an environment monitoring system into a system by constructing an environment protection alliance chain, effectively ensuring that environment protection automatic monitoring data are collected from equipment, reported and transmitted, and the whole process of data safety and falsification are not true and credible, and environment protection data are shared in an open mode and privacy protection is provided, so that the environmental monitoring industry cost is reduced and the environment protection organization supervision efficiency is improved. If the environment monitoring system is applied to environmental assessment of sewage enterprises, before the environmental assessment business process begins, each system user needs to carry out identity authentication on the enterprise management of the related subsystem, the management of a third party service organization, the management of an expert, the management of personnel of an environmental protection organization, and issuing related digital certificates for the environmental monitoring system after the CA organization verifies that the identities are legal, the certificates are used for identity authentication and related contracts, documents, electronic signatures of reports and electronic signatures, and in the blockchain service subsystem, an annular assessment report intelligent contract, an expert intelligent selection intelligent contract, an expert intelligent review contract, an annular assessment report approval intelligent contract, an acceptance report intelligent contract, an enterprise acceptance opinion intelligent contract and an annular assessment acceptance intelligent contract are required, wherein the annular assessment report intelligent contract is used for writing an annular assessment report on a third party annular assessment unit line, and writing reports such as contract information, acquisition data, environmental information, related personnel and the like required for writing the annular assessment report are stored on a chain; the expert intelligent contract is used for the selection of the criticizing report evaluation expert, and the selection conditions comprise criticizing report classification, expert grade, good field and the like; the expert review intelligent contract is used for expert review of the criticizing report, and the process of compiling the review comments and the review comments are stored in a chain; the intelligent contract for approval of the criticizing report is used for the final approval of the environment-friendly institution on the criticizing report, and the criticizing result is stored on a chain; the acceptance report intelligent contract is used for a third party detection mechanism to assist a sewage enterprise in compiling an acceptance report of the annular evaluation, and materials and detection results collected during compiling the acceptance report of the annular evaluation are stored on a chain together with the acceptance report of the annular evaluation; the enterprise autonomous acceptance opinion intelligent contract is used for compiling acceptance opinions by a pollution discharge enterprise annular evaluation acceptance group, and the acceptance opinions are stored in a uplink manner; the annular evaluation acceptance approval intelligent contract is used for an environmental protection agency to approve acceptance opinions of sewage enterprises, and approval results are stored in a chain.
Embodiment 1 of a blockchain-based environmental monitoring system is applied to environmental assessment of sewage disposal enterprises, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. criticizing report contract signing
After the third party criticizing unit registers and registers through the criticizing unit management module of the third party service subsystem to become legal criticizing unit, the criticizing unit can disclose information at the enterprise informatization service module for the sewage enterprise to select, the sewage enterprise selects proper third party criticizing unit through the third party enterprise informatization service module of the third party service subsystem, then the criticizing unit pre-surveys the sewage enterprise site to determine whether the enterprise has criticizing conditions, if the criticizing conditions are met, the sewage enterprise and the third party criticizing unit sign consigns and writes a criticizing report electronic contract through the contract management module of the third party service subsystem, both sides sign electronic signature and timestamp information, the real and effective contract signing is ensured, and meanwhile, the criticizing report intelligent contract is automatically called to encrypt and store the criticizing report contract in a linking way, and the contract is ensured not to be tampered and deleted;
2. writing a critique report
The third side criticizing unit is used for carrying out the investigation on the construction project site of the sewage disposal enterprise, wherein the investigation content comprises project sites, construction scale, properties, project area industry positioning, overall planning, environmental protection planning, project area natural conditions, infrastructure, traffic conditions, forest network construction conditions and the like, then a criticizing report service module of the third side service subsystem is used for compiling a site investigation record table, uploading relevant pictures and video data, then the third side criticizing unit is used for carrying out online compiling a criticizing report according to the collected data and the requirements of the environmental protection institution, after the criticizing report is compiled, the system automatically calls an intelligent contract of the criticizing report, encrypts and stores the criticizing report in a uplink mode, ensures that the criticizing report content is not tampered, is real and effective, and meanwhile, the sewage disposal enterprise can be used for online checking and downloading the criticizing report, and can be used for online applying a relevant evaluation center of the environmental protection institution to evaluate the criticizing report;
3. assessment center assessment
After receiving the environmental assessment report assessment application of the sewage enterprises, the assessment center can check the application of the sewage enterprises on line through an environmental assessment report assessment application module of the environmental agency service subsystem and organize expert meeting assessment, the assessment expert invokes expert intelligent contract on an expert selection module of the expert service subsystem by the assessment center, selects proper assessment experts according to intelligent disclosure such as environmental classification, grading and the like to avoid illegal assessment, the reference assessment expert automatically verifies the link assessment report on the environmental assessment report module of the expert service subsystem, after the verification is passed, the reference assessment can discuss to obtain the assessment opinion, submits the online assessment opinion through the environmental assessment report module of the expert service subsystem and signs the assessment opinion, and meanwhile, the system invokes expert intelligent contract to store the assessment process and result in an uplink mode, so that the expert assessment opinion is true and reliable, and after the assessment is passed, the assessment result is pushed to the environmental agency service subsystem;
4. environmental protection agency approval
After receiving the expert review comments, the environmental protection agency checks the final edition of information such as the environmental assessment report, the expert review comments and the like through an environmental protection agency service subsystem and performs environmental assessment report approval, calls an environmental assessment report approval intelligent contract at the same time, stores the environmental assessment report approval result in a uplink manner, and after the approval, shows the environmental assessment report approval result of the sewage enterprises through an environmental protection agency service subsystem environmental assessment report approval module.
5. Acceptance of criticism
5.1 Writing acceptance report
After the criticizing report is criticized, the pollution discharge enterprise organizations complete the construction of environment-friendly facilities, and after the construction is completed, the third party service subsystem entrusts a third party detection mechanism with the capability to carry out autonomous acceptance, and an acceptance report entrustment contract is signed and an acceptance report is compiled between the third party service subsystem environment-friendly acceptance service module and the third party detection mechanism. The acceptance report comprises acceptance monitoring basis, acceptance monitoring result and analysis, public opinion investigation, conclusion, suggestion and the like, and after the acceptance report is compiled, the acceptance report intelligent contract is called to store the acceptance report intelligent contract together with related proving materials in a uplink manner. After the acceptance report is written, pushing the acceptance report and related data to an enterprise service subsystem;
5.2 Work group for acceptance check
After the acceptance report is compiled, the sewage disposal enterprise organization establishes an acceptance work group. The acceptance workgroup consists of a unit representative such as a pollution discharge enterprise, a third party criticizing unit, an acceptance report compiling mechanism and the like and professional technical experts, the acceptance workgroup needs to carry out acceptance on environmental protection facilities matched with construction projects strictly according to national relevant laws and regulations, the acceptance review of the workgroup is organized by an independent environment-friendly acceptance module of a service subsystem of the pollution discharge enterprise, the workgroup fills in acceptance comments, and an independent acceptance comment intelligent contract of the enterprise is called, the acceptance comments are stored in a chain, and after the acceptance comments are agreed, the acceptance comments and the acceptance report are submitted to the service subsystem of the environment-friendly mechanism for acceptance approval;
5.3 Acceptance approval
After the environmental protection organization receives the acceptance report and acceptance opinion submitted by the sewage disposal enterprise, the environmental protection acceptance application module of the environmental protection organization service subsystem checks the environmental protection acceptance report and the environmental protection opinion of the sewage disposal enterprise, and approves the enterprise, and calls the annular evaluation acceptance approval intelligent contract for uplink storage at the same time to ensure that the annular evaluation acceptance result is true and reliable, and after the annular evaluation acceptance result is approved by the environmental protection organization service subsystem annular evaluation acceptance module.
If the environment monitoring system is applied to daily supervision of a sewage disposal enterprise, before the daily supervision business process starts, each system user needs to carry out identity authentication on a related subsystem enterprise management module, a third party service organization management module, an expert management module and an environmental protection organization personnel management module, a CA organization issues related digital certificates for the sewage disposal enterprise after verifying that the identities are legal, the certificates are used for the identity authentication and related contracts, files and reported electronic signatures and electronic signatures, and an automatic monitoring data intelligent contract, an automatic monitoring data verification intelligent contract, an automatic monitoring data early warning intelligent contract, an enterprise superrow early warning processing intelligent contract, a third party detection organization intelligent contract, a detection result intelligent contract and an environmental administration punishment decision intelligent contract are needed to be built in a blockchain service subsystem, wherein the enterprise automatic monitoring data intelligent contract is used for the up-chain storage of data acquired by automatic sewage disposal enterprise environment monitoring equipment, and the authenticity of original sewage disposal data is ensured; the enterprise automatic monitoring data verification intelligent contract is used for the enterprise to verify the accuracy of the collected data, and the verification basis is historical collected data; the intelligent contract for automatically monitoring and warning data is used for sending early warning to a pollution discharge enterprise and an environment law enforcement agency when the pollution discharge numerical value of the enterprise reaches a threshold value, and the early warning threshold value of the discharge quantity of wastewater, waste gas, noise, solid waste and the like is required to be set in the contract; the enterprise superbank early warning processing intelligent contract is used for processing the environment law enforcement and the enterprise superbank early warning, and relevant investigation data and results in the processing process are stored in a uplink manner; the third party detection mechanism selects an intelligent contract to help an environment law enforcement agency to intelligently select the third party detection mechanism when the environment law enforcement agency surveys under the condition of enforcing the rules, and reliable law enforcement basis is provided for the law enforcement agency, wherein the selection conditions comprise business classification, skill classification, credit level and the like of the third party detection mechanism; the intelligent contract of the detection result is used for storing the environmental survey detection record and the detection report distributed by the environmental execution organization in a uplink manner by a third party detection organization; the environmental law enforcement administration penalty decision intelligent contract is used for the environmental law enforcement administration penalty decision uplink storage.
Example 2: the environment monitoring system is used for daily supervision of environmental protection institutions of sewage enterprises, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. data acquisition uplink
The sewage disposal enterprise utilizes environment automatic monitoring equipment to report the collected sewage disposal data to an automatic monitoring data acquisition module of an enterprise service subsystem through a gateway, an automatic monitoring data reporting module of the enterprise service subsystem reports the collected data to an environment protection agency service subsystem, a blockchain client node is arranged in the gateway, the automatic monitoring data is uploaded to the automatic monitoring data acquisition module of the enterprise service subsystem, and meanwhile, the environment monitoring data is stored in a link by calling an automatic monitoring data intelligent contract, so that the authenticity of the original environment automatic monitoring data is ensured, and an automatic monitoring data verification module of the enterprise service subsystem can verify the accuracy of the reported data through an automatic monitoring data verification intelligent contract;
2. contract early warning
The automatic monitoring data intelligent contract is internally called, an automatic monitoring data early warning intelligent contract can be set with an emission quantity early warning threshold value of waste water, waste gas, noise, solid waste and the like, when the emission quantity reaches the threshold value, the automatic monitoring data early warning intelligent contract is called to generate an early warning report to inform an enterprise service subsystem automatic monitoring data early warning informing module and an environmental protection agency service subsystem enterprise superbus early warning informing module, and the informing mode can be selected to inform relevant responsible persons by short messages, mails and the like;
3. environmental investigation
3.1 Law enforcement agency site investigation
If the superbank early warning notification module of the enterprise of the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency receives the superbank early warning, notifying an environmental law enforcement agency to conduct a case setting investigation, determining whether the enterprise really has the superbank facts or not by the environmental law enforcement agency through data review, field inspection, investigation inquiry and other modes, timely reporting data in the law enforcement process to the superbank early warning processing module of the enterprise of the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency, calling an intelligent contract for superbank early warning processing of the enterprise while reporting the data each time, and timely uploading the data to a block chain;
3.2 Third party detection mechanism detects authentication
If the environmental law enforcement and proposal survey process requires the third party detection mechanism to provide evidence such as detection and identification, invoking the third party detection mechanism to select intelligent contracts in the third party service subsystem detection service module, and selecting proper third party detection mechanisms, wherein the selection conditions comprise business classification, skill classification, credit level and the like of the third party detection mechanism, so as to ensure that the third party detection is fair and public;
4. survey results are linked up
The detection task dispatch module of the third party service subsystem can check the detection task dispatched by the environment law enforcement agency to the sewage disposal enterprise, after receiving the task, the third party detection mechanism detects and evaluates the on-site collection pollution sample, detects the sample to form a detection report, and electronically signs the report, and in the detection process, the sampling information, the detection information and the detection report are reported by the detection task reporting module of the third party service subsystem, and the detection data are reported to the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency, and meanwhile, the intelligent contract of the detection result is called, and the relevant detection record and the detection report are stored in a link;
5. administrative penalty
The environmental law enforcement agency checks the third party detection report at the environmental law enforcement detection task module of the environmental agency service subsystem, performs signature authentication on the third party detection report on line, confirms the illegal facts of the pollution discharge enterprises according to the information such as environmental investigation, issues administrative punishment decisions to the pollution discharge enterprises according to the relevant legal regulations through the environmental law enforcement punishment module of the environmental law enforcement agency service subsystem, calls the intelligent contract of the environmental law enforcement punishment decisions, and stores the administrative punishment decisions in a uplink mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. and the block chain technology is adopted to link the data of enterprise automatic environment monitoring, third party environment protection detection service, expert criticizing, environment protection investigation, environment protection supervision, environment protection management and the like, so that the environment monitoring data, detection data and supervision data submitted by all parties are truly and credible and cannot be tampered, and the self-evidence serum is ensured, and if disputes occur, a complete evidence chain can be used as a judicial evidence basis.
2. By adopting the alliance chain technology, environment-friendly platforms such as a pollution discharge enterprise, a third party organization, expert service, an environment-friendly organization and the like are incorporated into a system, so that safe sharing of uplink data is realized, if illegal pollution discharge of the pollution discharge enterprise is found, the environment law enforcement organization can process the illegal pollution discharge in time, and the pollution discharge enterprise cannot be resolved.
3. By adopting the identity authentication technology, each party of the platform uses the trusted electronic identity certificate issued by the authority mechanism as the identifier of the real identity information of the user, thereby ensuring the authenticity and non-repudiation of the environment-friendly business transaction.
4. Electronic signature technology: and an electronic signature and image processing technology is adopted to carry out online digital signature verification on related electronic contracts and electronic forms related to all parties of the platform, and the visual effect same as that of paper file signing or stamping is presented, so that the authenticity and the integrity of electronic data and the non-repudiation of signature behaviors are ensured.
The invention provides an environment monitoring system and method based on a blockchain, which utilizes the technologies of the blockchain, an electronic signature, a time stamp and the like, solves the problems of identity authentication and transaction trust in the environment monitoring process according to the characteristics of distributed storage, non-tamper traceability, a consensus mechanism, an intelligent contract and the like of the blockchain technology, constructs a complete and reliable environment monitoring evidence chain, realizes the online data trusted evidence storage and verification of environment monitoring service, breaks through the obstacle that the traditional technical means cannot effectively self-verify, is innovation on the environment monitoring system, and has good economic and social benefits.
Claims (3)
1. The environment monitoring system based on the blockchain is characterized by comprising a sewage disposal enterprise service subsystem, a third party service subsystem, an expert terminal service subsystem, an environmental protection agency service subsystem and a blockchain service subsystem;
the pollution discharge enterprise service subsystem is used for establishing all accounts related to environmental management, supervision, punishment, monitoring and the like for the pollution discharge enterprises, classifying and arranging sequentially, uniformly filing, and finally forming a set of comprehensive, whole-process, dynamic, comprehensive and environment-friendly information files capable of truly reflecting the working general appearance of pollution sources for each pollution discharge enterprise, and comprises enterprise management, enterprise registration, autonomous environment-friendly acceptance, an automatic monitoring data acquisition module, an automatic monitoring data reporting module, an automatic monitoring data early warning notification, pollution source basic information maintenance, service data association management, service data expansion inquiry, environment management attribute maintenance and inquiry function modules;
the third party service subsystem mainly provides environment evaluation, environment protection acceptance, environment monitoring and other services for pollution discharge enterprises, and comprises an environmental evaluation unit management, third party enterprise informatization management, contract management, detection mechanism management, environmental evaluation report service, environmental evaluation acceptance service, third party detection service, detection task dispatch, detection task report, environment risk and security service and enterprise informatization service module;
the expert terminal service subsystem comprises an expert registration module, an expert basic information maintenance module, an expert management module, an expert library management module, an expert selection module, a criticizing report review module, a criticizing compliance check module, an industrial policy compliance check module and a pollution discharge permission execution condition check module;
the environment protection organization service subsystem comprises an environment protection organization personnel management module, an environment protection organization report evaluation application module, an environment protection report approval module, an environment protection acceptance module, an enterprise superrank early warning notification module, an enterprise superrank early warning processing module, an environment law enforcement detection result, an environment law enforcement administrative punishment module, an enterprise environment protection regulation module, an environment emergency management module and a standard environment protection management module;
the block chain service subsystem mainly provides enterprise automatic environment protection detection, third party environment protection detection service, expert critique, environment protection investigation, environment protection supervision, environment protection management and other chain up-chain and down-chain identity authentication, electronic signature, data up-chain evidence storage and trusted sharing service for each service platform, and specifically comprises the following aspects:
1) Consensus mechanism: the DPOS+PBFT consensus mechanism is adopted, so that the node achieves higher consensus speed, lower delay and higher throughput of the whole network;
2) Intelligent contract: different intelligent contracts are designed according to specific environment-friendly business scenes, the intelligent contracts contain all information about transactions, the transactions can be automatically executed as long as the set contract conditions are met, and the execution process is traceable and the result is irreversible;
3) Electronic signature technology: an electronic signature and image processing technology is adopted, online digital signature verification is carried out on the electronic contract and the electronic form related to the business layer, the visual effect identical to that of paper file signature or stamping is presented, and the authenticity, the integrity and the non-repudiation of signature behaviors of electronic data are ensured;
4) Digital identity authentication: the user needs to use the credible electronic identity certificate issued by the authority mechanism as the identification of the real identity information of the user, so that the authenticity and non-repudiation of the business transaction are ensured;
5) Timestamp service: the method provides accurate and reliable time stamp service for indicating the time attribute of the data to be signed, accords with laws, regulations and standard specifications related to password application and electronic signature, adopts an accurate time source, high-strength and high-standard security mechanism to confirm the existence of the data processed by the system at a certain time and the relative time sequence of related operations, and provides basic service for time repudiation in the information system.
2. The method for environmental monitoring system based on blockchain applied to environmental assessment of sewage disposal enterprises as set forth in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) Criticizing report contract signing
After the third party criticizing unit registers and registers through the criticizing unit management module of the third party service subsystem to become legal criticizing unit, the criticizing unit can disclose information at the enterprise informatization service module for the sewage enterprise to select, the sewage enterprise selects proper third party criticizing unit through the third party enterprise informatization service module of the third party service subsystem, then the criticizing unit pre-surveys the sewage enterprise site to determine whether the enterprise has criticizing conditions, if the criticizing conditions are met, the sewage enterprise and the third party criticizing unit sign consigns and writes a criticizing report electronic contract through the contract management module of the third party service subsystem, both sides sign electronic signature and timestamp information, the real and effective contract signing is ensured, and meanwhile, the criticizing report intelligent contract is automatically called to encrypt and store the criticizing report contract in a linking way, and the contract is ensured not to be tampered and deleted;
2) Writing a critique report
The third side criticizing unit is used for carrying out the investigation on the construction project site of the sewage disposal enterprise, wherein the investigation content comprises project sites, construction scale, properties, project area industry positioning, overall planning, environmental protection planning, project area natural conditions, infrastructure, traffic conditions, forest network construction conditions and the like, then a criticizing report service module of the third side service subsystem is used for compiling a site investigation record table, uploading relevant pictures and video data, then the third side criticizing unit is used for carrying out online compiling a criticizing report according to the collected data and the requirements of the environmental protection institution, after the criticizing report is compiled, the system automatically calls an intelligent contract of the criticizing report, encrypts and stores the criticizing report in a uplink mode, ensures that the criticizing report content is not tampered, is real and effective, and meanwhile, the sewage disposal enterprise can be used for online checking and downloading the criticizing report, and can be used for online applying a relevant evaluation center of the environmental protection institution to evaluate the criticizing report;
3) Assessment center assessment
After receiving the environmental assessment report assessment application of the sewage enterprises, the assessment center can check the application of the sewage enterprises on line through an environmental assessment report assessment application module of the environmental agency service subsystem and organize expert meeting assessment, the assessment expert invokes expert intelligent contract on an expert selection module of the expert service subsystem by the assessment center, selects proper assessment experts according to intelligent disclosure such as environmental classification, grading and the like to avoid illegal assessment, the reference assessment expert automatically verifies the link assessment report on the environmental assessment report module of the expert service subsystem, after the verification is passed, the reference assessment can discuss to obtain the assessment opinion, submits the online assessment opinion through the environmental assessment report module of the expert service subsystem and signs the assessment opinion, and meanwhile, the system invokes expert intelligent contract to store the assessment process and result in an uplink mode, so that the expert assessment opinion is true and reliable, and after the assessment is passed, the assessment result is pushed to the environmental agency service subsystem;
4) Environmental protection agency approval
After receiving the expert review comments, the environmental protection agency checks the final edition of information such as the environmental assessment report, the expert review comments and the like through an environmental protection agency service subsystem and performs environmental assessment report review, calls an environmental assessment report review intelligent contract at the same time, stores the environmental assessment report review result in a uplink manner, and after the approval, shows the environmental assessment report review result of the sewage enterprises through an environmental protection agency service subsystem environmental assessment report review display module;
5) Acceptance of criticism
5.1 Writing acceptance report
After the criticizing report is criticized, the pollution discharge enterprise organization is matched with environmental protection facilities for construction, after the construction is completed, a third party detection mechanism with capability is entrusted to carry out autonomous acceptance, an acceptance report entrusting contract is signed and an acceptance report is compiled between a third party service subsystem environmental protection acceptance service module and the third party detection mechanism, the acceptance report comprises an acceptance monitoring basis, acceptance monitoring results and analysis, public opinion investigation, conclusion, suggestion and the like, after the acceptance report is compiled, an acceptance report intelligent contract is called to store the acceptance report intelligent contract together with related proof materials in a uplink manner, and after the acceptance report is compiled, the acceptance report and related data are pushed to the enterprise service subsystem;
5.2 Work group for acceptance check
After the construction of the acceptance report is completed, the sewage enterprise organization establishes an acceptance working group, the acceptance working group consists of unit representatives such as a sewage enterprise, a third party criticizing unit, an acceptance report construction mechanism and the like and professional technical experts, the acceptance working group is required to carry out acceptance on environmental protection facilities which are matched and constructed on construction projects strictly according to national relevant laws and regulations, the acceptance review is organized by the sewage enterprise service subsystem independent environment-friendly acceptance module, the working group fills in acceptance comments, and an enterprise independent acceptance comment intelligent contract is called, the acceptance comments are stored in a chain, and after the acceptance comments are agreed, the acceptance comments and the acceptance report are submitted to an environment-friendly mechanism service subsystem for acceptance review;
5.3 Acceptance approval
After the environmental protection organization receives the acceptance report and acceptance opinion submitted by the sewage disposal enterprise, the environmental protection acceptance application module of the environmental protection organization service subsystem checks the environmental protection acceptance report and the environmental protection opinion of the sewage disposal enterprise, and approves the enterprise, and calls the annular evaluation acceptance approval intelligent contract for uplink storage at the same time to ensure that the annular evaluation acceptance result is true and reliable, and after the annular evaluation acceptance result is approved by the environmental protection organization service subsystem annular evaluation acceptance module.
3. The method for applying the blockchain-based environment monitoring system to daily supervision of a sewage disposal enterprise as recited in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) Data acquisition uplink
The sewage disposal enterprise utilizes environment automatic monitoring equipment to report the collected sewage disposal data to an automatic monitoring data acquisition module of an enterprise service subsystem through a gateway, an automatic monitoring data reporting module of the enterprise service subsystem reports the collected data to an environment protection agency service subsystem, a blockchain client node is arranged in the gateway, the automatic monitoring data is uploaded to the automatic monitoring data acquisition module of the enterprise service subsystem, and meanwhile, the environment monitoring data is stored in a link by calling an automatic monitoring data intelligent contract, so that the authenticity of the original environment automatic monitoring data is ensured, and an automatic monitoring data verification module of the enterprise service subsystem can verify the accuracy of the reported data through an automatic monitoring data verification intelligent contract;
2) Contract early warning
The automatic monitoring data intelligent contract is internally called, an automatic monitoring data early warning intelligent contract can be set with an emission quantity early warning threshold value of waste water, waste gas, noise, solid waste and the like, when the emission quantity reaches the threshold value, the automatic monitoring data early warning intelligent contract is called to generate an early warning report to inform an enterprise service subsystem automatic monitoring data early warning informing module and an environmental protection agency service subsystem enterprise superbus early warning informing module, and the informing mode can be selected to inform relevant responsible persons by short messages, mails and the like;
3) Environmental investigation
3.1 Law enforcement agency site investigation
If the superbank early warning notification module of the enterprise of the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency receives the superbank early warning, notifying an environmental law enforcement agency to conduct a case setting investigation, determining whether the enterprise really has the superbank facts or not by the environmental law enforcement agency through data review, field inspection, investigation inquiry and other modes, timely reporting data in the law enforcement process to the superbank early warning processing module of the enterprise of the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency, calling an intelligent contract for superbank early warning processing of the enterprise while reporting the data each time, and timely uploading the data to a block chain;
3.2 Third party detection mechanism detects authentication
If the environmental law enforcement and proposal survey process requires the third party detection mechanism to provide evidence such as detection and identification, invoking the third party detection mechanism to select intelligent contracts in the third party service subsystem detection service module, and selecting proper third party detection mechanisms, wherein the selection conditions comprise business classification, skill classification, credit level and the like of the third party detection mechanism, so as to ensure that the third party detection is fair and public;
4) Survey results are linked up
The detection task dispatch module of the third party service subsystem can check the detection task dispatched by the environment law enforcement agency to the sewage disposal enterprise, after receiving the task, the third party detection mechanism detects and evaluates the on-site collection pollution sample, detects the sample to form a detection report, and electronically signs the report, and in the detection process, the sampling information, the detection information and the detection report are reported by the detection task reporting module of the third party service subsystem, and the detection data are reported to the service subsystem of the environmental protection agency, and meanwhile, the intelligent contract of the detection result is called, and the relevant detection record and the detection report are stored in a link;
5) Administrative penalty
The environmental law enforcement agency checks the third party detection report at the environmental law enforcement detection task module of the environmental agency service subsystem, performs signature authentication on the third party detection report on line, confirms the illegal facts of the pollution discharge enterprises according to the information such as environmental investigation, issues administrative punishment decisions to the pollution discharge enterprises according to the relevant legal regulations through the environmental law enforcement punishment module of the environmental law enforcement agency service subsystem, calls the intelligent contract of the environmental law enforcement punishment decisions, and stores the administrative punishment decisions in a uplink mode.
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