CN112836860B - Method and system for determining dynamic yield of fractured well in whole period of yield decreasing stage - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing exploitation well yield prediction, and discloses a method and a system for determining dynamic yield in a whole period of a fracturing well yield decrement stage, wherein an unconventional reservoir fracturing well yield decrement whole period yield decrement rate is constructed; integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well; collecting data on yield versus time; fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well to obtain an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient and a decreasing index of undetermined parameters; under the condition that the yield value of a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a well of the same type at the initial decrement stage is determined, the yield at any moment of the decrement stage is calculated by using a yield calculation expression of the yield decrement stage of the fracturing well, and finally the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decrement stage is determined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of yield prediction of unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing development wells, and particularly relates to a method and a system for determining dynamic yield of a fracturing well in a whole period at a yield decreasing stage.
Background
At present: unconventional resources such as dense oil gas, shale oil gas and the like in China are wide in distribution and large in reserves, and have a material basis for efficient development. Because the unconventional reservoir usually has poor physical properties, the economic and efficient development of unconventional resources is realized by adopting a hydraulic fracturing reservoir modification technology. The modification effect (such as modification area, modification degree and the like) of the hydraulic fracturing reservoir is controlled by the process technology and the lithology of the reservoir, and the modification effect is limited, so that the production process of the hydraulic fracturing well quickly enters a yield decreasing stage, and the yield decreasing usually presents an L-shaped characteristic: the yield decrease is fast in the initial stage, slow in the later stage and low. The "L" type yield decrement feature subjects the initial and later stages of yield decrement to different decrement types, which a single yield decrement type (Arps decrement, power function decrement, linear decrement, etc.) has not been fully described. The L-shaped characteristic describing the yield decrement of the unconventional reservoir fractured well is a basis for accurately predicting the yield of the fractured well in the whole period of the yield decrement stage. At present, some researches for describing the L-shaped characteristic of the yield decline of the fractured well based on data driving exist, but no description method with physical significance is given, and no yield value in the whole cycle of the yield decline is given.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: at present, some researches for describing the characteristic of the yield decreasing L shape of a fractured well based on data driving exist, but no description method with physical significance is given, the decreasing type of an L-shaped decreasing curve is difficult to identify, and the yield value in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage is not given.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: how to establish the describing method of the L-shaped descending curve with physical significance has certain difficulty.
The significance for solving the problems and the defects is as follows: a description method for establishing an L-shaped descending curve with physical significance has important significance for recognizing the descending type of the yield in the whole period of the yield descending stage and predicting the whole period yield of the yield in the descending stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for determining the dynamic yield of a fractured well in a whole period of a yield decreasing stage.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for determining the dynamic yield of a fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage comprises the following steps:
constructing a full-period yield reduction rate of an unconventional reservoir fracturing well in a yield reduction stage;
integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well;
collecting data on yield versus time;
fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and obtaining an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient and a decreasing index of undetermined parameters; the solving process is realized by a computer (the model of the computer is OPTIPLEX 7040, the memory is 8G, and the processor is intel (r) core (tm) i7-6700 CPU @3.4 GHz).
And calculating the yield at any moment of the decrement stage by using a yield calculation expression of the yield decrement stage of the fracturing well under the condition of determining the decrement initial yield value of a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a well of the same type by using the initial decrement rate, the later decrement rate, the time coefficient and the decrement index of the undetermined parameters obtained by fitting, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decrement stage.
Further, fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and obtaining an initial decreasing rate D of undetermined parameters i Late stage decreasing rate D ∞ A time coefficient m and a decreasing index n; initial decrement rate D of parameter to be determined obtained by fitting i Late stage decreasing rate D ∞ Time coefficient m and decreasing index n, and determining the decreasing initial yield q of a certain oil reservoir block and a well of the same type i Under the condition of the value, the yield at any moment of the decreasing stage is calculated by using a yield calculation expression of the decreasing stage of the fracturing well yield, and the unconventional reservoir is finally determinedAnd (4) dynamically producing the stratum hydraulic fracturing well within the whole period of the yield decreasing stage.
Further, the method for determining the dynamic production in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage of the fractured well constructs the yield decreasing rate of the unconventional reservoir fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage in the form of
Wherein D is the rate of decrease, 1/day; d i 1/day for initial decline rate of yield decline; d ∞ The later decline rate of the yield decline is 1/day; t is decreasing time, days; m is a time coefficient and is dimensionless; n is a decreasing index and is dimensionless.
Further, the method for determining the dynamic production within the whole period of the production decline stage of the fractured well defines the production decline rate
q is the yield, in square/day, and is substituted into the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate, and a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well can be obtained by applying separation variable integration
Wherein q is i Decreasing the initial yield per day; the yield calculation expression of the yield decrement stage of the fractured well comprises a time coefficient with the unit of m, and the parameters are used for segmenting yield decrement data, so that the L-shaped characteristic of the yield decrement of the unconventional reservoir fractured well can be described finally.
Further, the method for determining the dynamic yield of the fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage collects the relation data of the yield of the fracturing A well of a certain tight oil reservoir and the time.
Further, the method for determining the dynamic production of the fractured well in the whole period of the production decline stage applies an equation
Fitting data with the yield changing along with the time, solving the nonlinear least square problem in the fitting process by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt methodProblem, obtaining initial decreasing rate D of the parameter to be determined i 0.001, late stage decreasing rate D ∞ 0.016, 20.768 and 0.792.
Further, the method for determining the dynamic yield of the fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage utilizes the initial decreasing rate D obtained by fitting i 0.001, late stage decreasing rate D ∞ When a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a B well of the same type are determined, the initial yield q is decreased gradually, wherein the time coefficient m is 20.768 and the decreasing index n is 0.792 i In the case of 14.78, the formula is applied
And calculating to obtain the yield at any moment of the decreasing stage, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the decreasing stage.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of:
constructing a yield decrement rate of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well in the whole period;
integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well;
collecting data on yield versus time;
fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and obtaining an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient and a decreasing index of undetermined parameters;
and calculating the yield at any moment of the decrement stage by using a yield calculation expression of the yield decrement stage of the fracturing well under the condition of determining the decrement initial yield value of a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a well of the same type by using the initial decrement rate, the later decrement rate, the time coefficient and the decrement index of the undetermined parameters obtained by fitting, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decrement stage.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic production system for determining a dynamic production rate of a fractured well within a whole period of a decreasing production rate phase of the fractured well, which implements the method for determining a dynamic production rate of a fractured well within a whole period of a decreasing production rate phase of the fractured well, the system comprising:
the decrement rate construction module is used for constructing the decrement rate of the production of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well in the whole period;
the yield expression obtaining module is used for integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the fractured well in the yield decreasing stage;
the data collection module is used for collecting data of yield and time;
the parameter acquisition module is used for fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method and obtaining an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient and a decreasing index of undetermined parameters;
and the yield result output module is used for calculating the yield at any moment in the decreasing stage by using a yield calculation expression in the yield decreasing stage of the fractured well under the condition of determining a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and the decreasing initial yield value of the same type of well by using the initial decreasing rate, the later decreasing rate, the time coefficient and the decreasing index of the undetermined parameters obtained by fitting, and finally determining the dynamic yield in the full period of the yield decreasing stage of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fractured well.
The invention also aims to provide a yield prediction terminal for the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing exploitation well, which is used for realizing the method for determining the dynamic yield of the fracturing well in the decreasing stage of the yield in the whole period. s
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: in order to further verify the innovativeness of the patent, the HP30 well yield is calculated by respectively applying the calculation result of the method provided by the invention and a method provided by a new model for analyzing the unconventional oil 2 well yield decrement law, which is published in 2016 by the paper "the university of mining in china" journal "in the 4 th, and the comparison result is shown in fig. 3 below. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the calculation results of the present invention are more accurate than those of the Qidong calculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a dynamic production rate of a fractured well during a full cycle of a production decline phase according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for determining the dynamic production rate of a fractured well over a full cycle of a production decline phase according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 2: 1. a decrement rate construction module; 2. a yield expression obtaining module; 3. a data collection module; 4. a parameter acquisition module; 5. and a yield result output module.
Fig. 3 is a comparison diagram of the calculation results provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In view of the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and a system for determining the dynamic production of a fractured well in a whole period of a production decrement stage, and the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for determining the dynamic production of the fractured well in the whole period of the production decline stage provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: constructing a yield decrement rate of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well in the whole period;
s102: integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well;
s103: collecting data on yield versus time;
s104: fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and finally obtaining the initial decreasing rate, the later decreasing rate, the time coefficient, the decreasing index and the like of undetermined parameters;
s105: and calculating the yield at any moment of the decreasing stage by using a yield calculation expression of the fracturing well yield decreasing stage under the condition of determining the decreasing initial yield value of a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a well of the same type by using the initial decreasing rate, the later decreasing rate, the time coefficient, the decreasing index and the like of the undetermined parameters obtained by fitting, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well yield decreasing stage in the whole period.
Those skilled in the art can also implement other steps, and the method for determining the dynamic production of the fractured well within the whole period of the production decrement stage provided by the invention of fig. 1 is only one specific example.
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a system for determining the dynamic production rate of a fractured well during a full cycle of a production rate decreasing phase, comprising:
the decrement rate construction module 1 is used for constructing the decrement rate of the production of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well in the whole period;
the yield expression obtaining module 2 is used for integrating the full-period yield decreasing rate constructed by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the fractured well in the yield decreasing stage;
the data collection module 3 is used for collecting data of yield and time;
the parameter obtaining module 4 is used for fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and finally obtaining an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient, a decreasing index and the like of undetermined parameters;
and the yield result output module 5 is used for calculating the yield at any time of the decreasing stage by using the yield calculation expression of the fracturing well yield decreasing stage under the condition of determining the oil reservoir block of a certain same type and the decreasing initial yield value of the same type of well by using the initial decreasing rate, the later decreasing rate, the time coefficient, the decreasing index and the like of the undetermined parameters obtained by fitting, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method for determining the dynamic yield of the fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage comprises the following steps: and constructing the yield decrement rate of the unconventional reservoir fractured well in the whole period. And integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the fractured well in the yield decreasing stage. Yield versus time data were collected. Fitting the data of the yield changing along with the time by using a yield calculation expression in the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by using a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and finally obtaining the initial decreasing rate (D) of the parameters to be determined i ) Late decline rate (D) ∞ ) Time coefficient (m), and decreasing index (n). Preliminary rate of decline (D) of parameter to be determined obtained using fitting i ) Late stage rate of decline (D) ∞ ) Time coefficient (m), decreasing index (n) and the like, and decreasing initial yield q in determining a certain oil reservoir block and a well of the same type i Under the condition of the value, the yield at any moment of the decreasing stage is calculated by using a yield calculation expression of the decreasing stage of the fracturing well yield, and finally the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the decreasing stage of the yield is determined.
The method for determining the dynamic yield of the fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: constructing unconventional reservoir fracturing well production decrement stage full-period production decrementIn the form of
(wherein D is the rate of decrease, 1/day; D i 1/day for initial decline rate of yield decline; d ∞ The later decline rate of the yield decline is 1/day; t is decreasing time, days; m is a time coefficient and is dimensionless; n is a decreasing index, dimensionless).
Step two: defining the yield reduction rate
(q is yield, square/day), substituting into the constructed full-period yield decrement rate, and obtaining a yield calculation expression of the yield decrement stage of the fractured well by applying separation variable integration
(wherein q is i Decreasing initial yield, square/day). The time coefficient (m) is included in the yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fractured well, and the parameter is used for segmenting yield decreasing data, so that the L-shaped characteristic of the yield decreasing of the unconventional reservoir fractured well can be described finally.
Step three: data were collected on the relationship of production of a tight reservoir fracturing well a to time (table 1).
TABLE 1 data of relationship between the fracturing A well yield of a tight reservoir and time
Step four: using equations
And fitting the data of the yield changing along with the time, wherein the fitting process is a nonlinear least square problem. The Levenberg-Marquardt method is adopted to solve the nonlinear least square problem, and finally the initial decrement rate (D) of the parameter to be determined can be obtained i 0.001), late stage rate of decrease (D) ∞ 0.016), time coefficient (m 20.768), decreasing index (n 0.792), etc.
Step five: initial rate of decline (D) obtained using fitting i 0.001), late stage rate of decrease (D) ∞ 0.016), time coefficient (m 20.768), decreasing index (n 0.792), and decreasing initial yield q in determining a certain reservoir block and a B well of the same type i In the case of 14.78, the formula can be applied
And (4) calculating to obtain the yield at any time of the decreasing stage, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the decreasing stage (Table 2). The square sum of the difference between the actual value and the calculated value of the dynamic production in the whole period of the B well production decrement is small and is 149.58; the method can accurately predict the full-period dynamic yield of the descending stage of the fractured well.
TABLE 2 comparison of calculated and actual values of dynamic production over the full period of the yield decline phase for fracturing B well
The technical effects of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to experiments.
In order to further verify the innovativeness of the patent, the HP30 well yield is calculated by respectively applying the calculation result of the method provided by the invention and a method provided by a new model for analyzing the unconventional oil 2 well yield decrement law, which is published in 2016 by the paper "the university of mining in china" journal "in the 4 th, and the comparison result is shown in fig. 3 below. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the calculation results of the present invention are more accurate than those of the Qidong calculation.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD-or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier, for example. The apparatus and its modules of the present invention may be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, etc., or by software executed by various types of processors, or by a combination of hardware circuits and software, e.g., firmware.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining the dynamic production of a fractured well in a whole period of a yield decreasing stage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing a yield decreasing rate of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well in a yield decreasing full period;
integrating the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate by combining the definition of the yield decreasing rate to obtain a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well;
collecting data on yield versus time;
fitting data of yield changing along with time by using a yield calculation expression in a yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well, solving the fitting problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method, and obtaining an initial decreasing rate, a later decreasing rate, a time coefficient and a decreasing index of undetermined parameters;
under the condition that the initial decrement rate, the later decrement rate, the time coefficient and the decrement index of undetermined parameters obtained by fitting are used, under the condition that the decrement initial yield value of a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a well of the same type is determined, the yield at any moment of the decrement stage is calculated by using a yield calculation expression of the fracture well yield decrement stage, and finally the dynamic yield of the unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracture well in the whole period of the decrement stage is determined;
the method for determining the dynamic production in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage of the fractured well constructs the whole period yield decreasing rate of the yield decreasing stage of the unconventional reservoir fractured well in the form of
Wherein D is the rate of decrease, 1/day; d i 1/day for initial decline rate of yield decline; d ∞ The later decline rate of the yield decline is 1/day; t is decreasing time, days; m is a time coefficient and is dimensionless; n is a decreasing index and is dimensionless;
the method for determining the dynamic production of the fractured well in the whole period of the production decline stage defines the production decline rate
q is the yield, in square/day, and is substituted into the constructed full-period yield decreasing rate, and a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well can be obtained by applying separation variable integration
Wherein q is i Decreasing the initial yield per day; the yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fracturing well comprises a time coefficient with the unit of m, and parameters are used for segmenting yield decreasing data, so that the yield decreasing data can describe the L-shaped characteristic of the yield decreasing of the unconventional reservoir fracturing well;
the method for determining the dynamic yield of the fracturing well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage collects the relation data of the yield of a fracturing well A of a certain tight oil reservoir and the time;
the method for determining the dynamic production of the fractured well in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage applies an equation
Fitting data of the output changing with time, solving the nonlinear least square problem by adopting a Levenberg-Marquardt method to obtain the initial decrement rate D of the undetermined parameter i 0.001, late stage decreasing rate D ∞ 0.016, 20.768 and 0.792 as decreasing index n.
2. The method for determining the dynamic production within the whole period of the decreasing production phase of the fractured well as recited in claim 1, wherein the data of the production change along with the time are fitted by using a production calculation expression of the decreasing production phase of the fractured well, and the fitting problem is solved by using a Levenberg-Marquardt method to obtain the initial decreasing rate D of the undetermined parameters i Late stage decreasing rate D ∞ A time coefficient m and a decreasing index n; initial decrement rate D of parameter to be determined obtained by fitting i Late stage decreasing rate D ∞ Time coefficient m and decreasing index n, in determining a certain typeDecreasing initial production q of reservoir block and similar well i Under the condition of the value, the yield at any moment of the yield decreasing stage is calculated by using a yield calculation expression of the yield decreasing stage of the fractured well, and finally the dynamic yield in the whole period of the yield decreasing stage of the hydraulic fractured well of the unconventional reservoir is determined.
3. The method for determining the dynamic production rate of a fractured well during the whole cycle during the production decline stage of the fractured well according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the dynamic production rate of the fractured well during the whole cycle during the production decline stage obtains the initial decline rate D by using fitting i 0.001, late stage decreasing rate D ∞ When a certain oil reservoir block of the same type and a B well of the same type are determined, the initial yield q is decreased gradually, wherein the time coefficient m is 20.768 and the decreasing index n is 0.792 i In the case of 14.78, the formula is applied
And calculating to obtain the yield at any moment of the decreasing stage, and finally determining the dynamic yield of the hydraulic fracturing well in the whole period of the decreasing stage.
4. The unconventional reservoir hydraulic fracturing exploitation well yield prediction terminal is used for realizing the method for determining the dynamic yield of the fracturing well in the whole period in the stage of decreasing the yield of the fracturing well according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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