CN112803166A - X-waveband broadband circularly-polarized metal loading dielectric resonator antenna - Google Patents
X-waveband broadband circularly-polarized metal loading dielectric resonator antenna Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0485—Dielectric resonator antennas
- H01Q9/0492—Dielectric resonator antennas circularly polarised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/002—Protection against seismic waves, thermal radiation or other disturbances, e.g. nuclear explosion; Arrangements for improving the power handling capability of an antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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Abstract
The invention provides an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna, which comprises: the dielectric resonator comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a loading metal sheet, wherein a metal layer covers the first dielectric substrate, a cross-shaped gap is formed in the center of the first dielectric substrate, and a spiral microstrip line is arranged below the first dielectric substrate; the second medium substrate is of a hollow structure, and a first annular metal coating is arranged above the second medium substrate; the third dielectric substrate is of a square structure, and a second annular metal coating is arranged above the third dielectric substrate; the third dielectric substrate is embedded in the central part of the second dielectric substrate; the loading metal sheet is nested outside the dielectric resonator. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the antenna has the advantages that a better impedance bandwidth is obtained through a cross gap coupling feeding mode, the axial ratio bandwidth is widened through the annular metal coating and the loading metal sheet, and the antenna gain is improved. The antenna has the advantages of low profile, high impedance bandwidth, high axial ratio bandwidth, high antenna gain, and good stability and symmetry in the circular polarization direction in the working frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antenna equipment, in particular to an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna.
Background
In recent years, circularly polarized antennas have been widely used in the fields of electronic reconnaissance, interference, communication, radar, and the like. For dielectric resonator antennas, circular polarization has become one of the research hotspots in the present stage. The key of the dielectric resonator antenna for generating the circularly polarized radiation wave is to generate two linearly polarized waves with orthogonal polarization directions, equal amplitudes and 90-degree phase difference. Based on a circular polarization generation mechanism, the traditional single-feed circular polarization has the advantages of flexible feed mode, simple structure, no need of a complex feed network, and the defects of narrow axial ratio bandwidth (usually within 10 percent) and poor directional diagram symmetry; however, with the rapid development of integrated circuits, the circularly polarized antenna is also required to be miniaturized, have a ground profile, and have a wide frequency band, and therefore, research on a wide frequency band circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna is urgently required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna, which solves the problems of narrow specific bandwidth and poor directional diagram symmetry of the traditional single-feed circularly polarized axis in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna, comprising: the dielectric resonator comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator and a loading metal sheet, wherein a metal layer covers the first dielectric substrate, a cross-shaped gap is formed in the center of the first dielectric substrate, and a spiral microstrip line is arranged below the first dielectric substrate; the second medium substrate is of a hollow structure, and a first annular metal coating is arranged above the second medium substrate; the third dielectric substrate is of a square structure, and a second annular metal coating is arranged above the third dielectric substrate; the third dielectric substrate is embedded in the central part of the second dielectric substrate; the dielectric resonator is in a rectangular structure and is bonded with the third dielectric substrate; the loading metal sheet is nested outside the dielectric resonator.
Preferably, the external dimension of the first dielectric substrate is 30 × 30mm, the external dimension of the second dielectric substrate is 30 × 30mm, the internal dimension of the second dielectric substrate is 7 × 7mm, the external dimension of the third dielectric substrate is 7 × 7mm, the dimension of the dielectric resonator is 7 × 6.5mm, and the external dimension of the loading metal sheet is 14.7 × 14.7 mm; the width of the spiral microstrip line is 1.57mm, and the length of the spiral microstrip line is 8.5 mm; the length of the cross-shaped gap is 12mm, and the width of the cross-shaped gap is 0.5 mm; the first annular metal cladding has an outer dimension of 10 x 10mm and an inner dimension of 7 x 7 mm; the second annular metal cladding has an outer dimension of 7 x 7mm and an inner dimension of 6 x 6 mm.
Preferably, the first dielectric substrate has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009; the second dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880, and the third dielectric substrate is made of Rogers TMM10 i; the dielectric resonator is made of Rogers TMM10i and works in TE1δ1On a mould; the metal layer, the first annular metal coating and the second annular metal coating are all made of iron, and the loading metal sheet is also made of iron.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the second dielectric substrate 2 and the third dielectric substrate 3 jointly form a metal coating mixed dielectric substrate, the loading metal sheet 5 is nested outside the dielectric resonator 4 and is isolated from the metal coating mixed dielectric substrate by an air layer, a certain guiding effect is achieved, the width adjustment of an antenna beam is obvious, the impedance matching effect of the antenna is not affected, the gain index of the antenna can be improved, and meanwhile, the axial ratio bandwidth is less affected; in addition, a square spiral microstrip line and cross slot coupled feed structure is adopted, excitation signals with approximately equal amplitude and sequentially 90-degree phase difference are obtained at the intersection of the branches of the spiral microstrip line 6 and the cross slot 7 by utilizing the phase delay characteristic of a transmission line, energy is coupled into the dielectric block through the cross slot 7, two polarization orthogonal modes are excited under the condition of different input phases, and then the circular polarization characteristic is realized.
The metal-coated mixed dielectric substrate is disposed on the mediumBetween the mass resonator 4 and the first dielectric substrate 1, the constraint capacity of electromagnetic waves can be increased, the electromagnetic waves are fed back to the dielectric resonator 4 in a more concentrated mode, and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened. The dielectric resonator 4 is arranged at the geometric center above the mixed dielectric substrate, four sides of the dielectric resonator are perpendicular to the cross gap 7, and the dielectric resonators 4 respectively work at TE when the phase difference of excitation signals is 90 DEG1δ1Die or TEδ11And (4) a mode (the top end of the dielectric block is square, and the resonant frequencies of the two modes are the same).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the antenna can obtain better impedance bandwidth by a cross gap coupling feed mode, the axial ratio bandwidth can be remarkably widened by loading the metal sheet, and meanwhile, the antenna gain is improved. The axial ratio bandwidth of about 14 percent when no load is applied is improved to about 23 percent, the effect is very obvious, and the method has very high engineering practical significance. In addition, the antenna has the advantages of low profile, high impedance bandwidth, high axial ratio bandwidth, high antenna gain, and good stability and symmetry in the circular polarization direction in the working frequency band.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the microstrip feed dielectric substrate in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combination of the single-sided metal clad hollow dielectric substrate and the single-sided metal clad dielectric substrate of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rectangular dielectric resonator and the loading metal plate in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a reflection coefficient plot of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a gain diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an axial ratio chart of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a current distribution diagram of the surface of the spiral microstrip line in different input phases according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the electric field distribution at the surface of a dielectric resonator for different input phases in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is the gain pattern of the present invention at 8.5 GHz;
FIG. 12 is the gain pattern of the present invention at 9.0 GHz;
FIG. 13 is the gain pattern of the present invention at 9.5 GHz;
FIG. 14 is the gain pattern of the present invention at 10.0 GHz;
FIG. 15 is the gain pattern of the present invention at 10.4 GHz;
in the figure:
1. the dielectric substrate comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a third dielectric substrate, a dielectric resonator, a loading metal sheet, a spiral microstrip line, a cross-shaped gap, a first annular metal coating, a second annular metal coating, a third dielectric substrate, a fourth dielectric resonator, a fourth dielectric substrate, a fifth dielectric substrate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
As can be seen from the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, an X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna according to the present invention includes: the dielectric resonator comprises a first dielectric substrate 1, a second dielectric substrate 2, a third dielectric substrate 3, a dielectric resonator 4 and a loading metal sheet 5, wherein a metal layer covers the first dielectric substrate 1, a cross-shaped gap 7 is formed in the center of the first dielectric substrate, and a spiral microstrip line 6 is arranged below the first dielectric substrate 1; the second medium substrate 2 is of a hollow structure, and a first annular metal coating layer 8 is arranged above the second medium substrate; the third dielectric substrate 3 is of a square structure, and a second annular metal coating 9 is arranged above the third dielectric substrate; the third dielectric substrate 3 is embedded in the central part of the second dielectric substrate 2; the dielectric resonator 4 is in a rectangular structure and is bonded with the third dielectric substrate 3; the loading metal plate 5 is nested outside the dielectric resonator 4.
The external dimension of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 30 × 30mm, the external dimension of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 30 × 30mm, the internal dimension is 7 × 7mm, the external dimension of the third dielectric substrate 3 is 7 × 7mm, the dimension of the dielectric resonator 4 is 7 × 6.5mm, and the external dimension of the loading metal sheet 5 is 14.7 × 14.7 mm; the width of the spiral microstrip line 6 is 1.57mm, and the length is 8.5 mm; the length of the cross gap 7 is 12mm, and the width is 0.5 mm; the first annular metal cladding 8 has an outer dimension of 10 x 10mm and an inner dimension of 7 x 7 mm; the second annular metal cladding 9 has an outer dimension of 7 x 7mm and an inner dimension of 6 x 6 mm.
The first dielectric substrate 1 has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2 and a loss tangent of 0.0009; the material of the second dielectric substrate 2 is Rogers RT/duroid 5880, and the material of the third dielectric substrate 3 is Rogers TMM10 i; the dielectric resonator 4 is made of Rogers TMM10i and operates in TE1δ1On a mould; the metal layer, the first annular metal coating and the second annular metal coating are all made of iron, and the loading metal sheet 5 is also made of iron.
The performance of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to simulation test results:
as shown in FIG. 6, as a result of the reflection coefficient simulation of this embodiment, the impedance bandwidth (reflection coefficient S11< -10dB) of the antenna is in the range of 8.1-12GHz, the relative bandwidth is better than 40%, and the antenna has a wider impedance bandwidth. In addition, the figure shows the comparison result of the unloaded metal sheet or the first annular metal cladding and the second annular metal cladding, and the first annular metal cladding and the second annular metal cladding have larger influence on the impedance bandwidth, especially low frequency, and the loaded metal sheet has smaller influence on the impedance bandwidth.
Fig. 7 shows the gain simulation result of the present embodiment, and it can be seen that the right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) gain of the antenna is between 7.0dBi and 8.3dBi, which belongs to the category of high-gain antenna. In addition, the figure shows the comparison result of the unloaded metal sheet or the first annular metal coating and the second annular metal coating, and the loaded metal sheet and the two annular metal coatings have the effective effect on improving the antenna gain, particularly the loaded metal sheet has a large effect on improving the antenna gain, and the gain is improved by 1.5 dBi-2.0 dBi in the range of 8.5GHz-10 GHz.
Fig. 8 is an axial ratio simulation result of the present embodiment, and it can be seen from the figure that the range of the antenna circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth (AR <3dB) is 8.15-10.4GHz, the relative bandwidth is about 23.5%, and the antenna has a wider axial ratio bandwidth. In addition, the figure shows the comparison result of the non-loaded metal sheet or the non-first annular metal coating and the non-second annular metal coating, and it can be known that the loaded metal sheet and the two annular metal coatings both have certain influence on the improvement of the axial ratio bandwidth, the two annular metal coatings can widen the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, and the loaded metal sheet can generally reduce the axial ratio of the antenna within the bandwidth, so as to optimize the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth.
Fig. 9 is a simulation result of the surface current distribution of the spiral microstrip line 6 in this embodiment, and it can be seen from the figure that the current distribution along the spiral microstrip line 6 is approximately one cycle, the field phase sequence difference obtained at the coupling point of the cross slot 7 and the spiral microstrip line 6 is approximately 90 °, and the circular polarization sensitivity to amplitude is smaller than the phase sensitivity, so that the feeding method can obtain a better circular polarization radiation condition, and the correctness of the design of the spiral microstrip line by using the transmission line theory is verified.
FIG. 10 shows the surface electric field distribution results of the dielectric resonator xoz plane and the yoz plane at 9GHz and 10GHz, and it can be seen from the figure that the dielectric resonator resonates at TE when the antenna input phase is 0 ° (reference phase)δ11Mode, 90 ° (relative to reference phase) resonates at TE1δ1And the mode further obtains circularly polarized radiation characteristics, and the frequency of the circularly polarized radiation characteristics is matched with the frequency of the dominant mode of the dielectric resonator.
Fig. 11-15 are simulation results of gain patterns of the antenna of this embodiment at 8.5GHz, 9.0GHz, 9.5GHz, 10.0GHz, and 10.4GHz, respectively, and it can be known from the figures that the antenna is mainly polarized in right-hand circular polarization, the antenna radiation pattern has good stability and symmetry in the whole axial ratio bandwidth, and as the frequency increases, the antenna gain increases, and the wave velocity width narrows.
The antenna has the characteristics of wide impedance, wide axial ratio, stable directional diagram, symmetry and the like, conforms to the characteristics of a broadband circularly polarized antenna, and has strong practicability.
The design method of the broadband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna provided by the invention is not only suitable for the X band, but also can be expanded to other bands through optimization of the sizes of various details, thereby realizing the rapid design of the broadband circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna of the frequency band required by engineering.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. An X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna, comprising: the dielectric resonator comprises a first dielectric substrate (1), a second dielectric substrate (2), a third dielectric substrate (3), a dielectric resonator (4) and a loading metal sheet (5), wherein a metal layer covers the first dielectric substrate (1), a cross-shaped gap (7) is formed in the center of the first dielectric substrate, and a spiral microstrip line (6) is arranged below the first dielectric substrate (1); the second medium substrate (2) is of a hollow structure, and a first annular metal coating (8) is arranged above the second medium substrate; the third dielectric substrate (3) is of a square structure, and a second annular metal coating (9) is arranged above the third dielectric substrate; the third dielectric substrate (3) is embedded in the central part of the second dielectric substrate (2); the dielectric resonator (4) is of a rectangular structure and is bonded with the third dielectric substrate (3); the loading metal sheet (5) is nested on the outer side of the dielectric resonator (4).
2. The X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate (1) has an outer dimension of 30X 30mm, the second dielectric substrate (2) has an outer dimension of 30X 30mm and an inner dimension of 7X 7mm, the third dielectric substrate (3) has an outer dimension of 7X 7mm, the dielectric resonator (4) has a dimension of 7X 7.6.5 mm, and the loading metal plate (5) has an outer dimension of 14.7X 14.7 mm; the width of the spiral microstrip line (6) is 1.57mm, and the length of the spiral microstrip line is 8.5 mm; the length of the cross gap (7) is 12mm, and the width of the cross gap is 0.5 mm; the first annular metal coating (8) has an outer dimension of 10 x 10mm and an inner dimension of 7 x 7 mm; the second annular metal coating (9) has an outer dimension of 7 x 7mm and an inner dimension of 6 x 6 mm.
3. The X-band broadband circularly polarized metal loaded dielectric resonator antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first dielectric substrate (1) has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009; the second dielectric substrate (2) is made of Rogers RT/duroid 5880, and the third dielectric substrate (3) is made of Rogers TMM10 i; the dielectric resonator (4) is made of Rogers TMM10i and works in TE1δ1On a mould; the metal layer, the first annular metal coating and the second annular metal coating are all made of iron, and the loading metal sheet (5) is also made of iron.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113410631A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-17 | 南通大学 | Hybrid antenna for 5G millimeter wave dual-band application |
| CN113708046A (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2021-11-26 | 南通大学 | Miniaturized broadband circular polarization three-dimensional printing mixed dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN115036700A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-03-09 CN CN202110254055.5A patent/CN112803166A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113410631A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-17 | 南通大学 | Hybrid antenna for 5G millimeter wave dual-band application |
| CN113708046A (en) * | 2021-08-01 | 2021-11-26 | 南通大学 | Miniaturized broadband circular polarization three-dimensional printing mixed dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN115036700A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-09-09 | 武汉理工大学 | Broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna |
| CN115036700B (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2023-04-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Broadband dual-frequency circularly polarized millimeter wave dielectric resonator antenna |
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