CN112798995A - Motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging system - Google Patents

Motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging system Download PDF

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CN112798995A
CN112798995A CN202011631231.4A CN202011631231A CN112798995A CN 112798995 A CN112798995 A CN 112798995A CN 202011631231 A CN202011631231 A CN 202011631231A CN 112798995 A CN112798995 A CN 112798995A
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magnetic resonance
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color center
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CN112798995B (en
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张馨月
曹拓宇
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Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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    • G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
    • G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
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    • G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
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    • G01R33/565—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities
    • G01R33/56509—Correction of image distortions, e.g. due to magnetic field inhomogeneities due to motion, displacement or flow, e.g. gradient moment nulling
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging

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Abstract

The application relates to a motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic device and a storage medium, wherein the motion monitoring method applied to the magnetic resonance imaging comprises the following steps: detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scanned part of a detected person through a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are arranged at different positions of the scanned part of the detected person; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanning part of the detected object according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system. By the method and the device, the problem that motion artifacts exist in the magnetic resonance image caused by incapability of carrying out motion detection on the examinee in real time in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect of carrying out motion detection on the examinee in real time is realized.

Description

Motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance imaging system
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of magnetic resonance imaging technologies, and in particular, to a motion monitoring method, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic device, and a storage medium for magnetic resonance imaging.
Background
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an Imaging technique for reconstructing an image by using signals generated by the Resonance of atomic nuclei in a strong Magnetic field, and is a nuclear physics phenomenon. The method is characterized in that radio frequency pulses are used for exciting atomic nuclei with non-zero spin in a magnetic field, the atomic nuclei are relaxed after the radio frequency pulses are stopped, induction coils are used for collecting signals in the relaxation process, and a mathematical image is reconstructed according to a certain mathematical method.
MRI imaging techniques differ from other imaging techniques in that they provide a much greater amount of information than many other imaging techniques in medical imaging. Therefore, the method has great obvious superiority in disease diagnosis. The Tomography images of the transverse section, the sagittal plane, the coronal plane and various inclined planes can be directly made without generating artifacts in the detection of Computed Tomography (CT).
A complete magnetic resonance scan typically takes 10 to 30 minutes. In the scanning process, the examinee is required to be kept still as much as possible, otherwise, motion artifacts are easily caused, and the imaging quality is influenced. However, in actual diagnosis and treatment, it is difficult for the subject to maintain a posture for a long time. Some subjects themselves suffer from a disease such as: apoplexy, epilepsy, etc., will not quiver autonomously. Most of the subjects were left in the confined chamber for a long time and also had to be properly positioned to alleviate the discomfort. Therefore, how to avoid the motion artifact in the magnetic resonance image becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
In a magnetic resonance imaging system in the related art, a scanned part of a subject is often scanned first, and after the scanning is completed, the motion influence of the subject during the scanning process is eliminated through a response post-processing algorithm, or a camera is used for monitoring the subject in real time, tracking the spatial posture of the subject, and compensating a magnetic resonance image based on the motion parameters of the subject.
At present, no effective solution is provided for the problem that motion artifacts exist in a magnetic resonance image caused by the fact that the motion detection of an examinee cannot be carried out in real time in the related technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a motion monitoring method, a magnetic resonance imaging system, an electronic device and a storage medium applied to magnetic resonance imaging, so as to at least solve the problem that motion artifacts exist in a magnetic resonance image caused by the fact that the motion of a detected person cannot be detected in real time in the related technology.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging, including: detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scanned part of a detected person through a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are arranged at different positions of the scanned part of the detected person; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system.
In some of these embodiments, detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scan portion of a subject with a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors comprises: splitting a total magnetic resonance peak of a diamond NV color center arranged in each diamond NV color center sensor through a preset magnetic field to obtain four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks, wherein the four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks respectively correspond to four spindle directions of the diamond NV color center; respectively determining magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peaks and the magnitude of the magnetic field; and calculating to obtain the real-time magnetic field information of the scanned part of the detected person detected by each diamond NV color center sensor according to the four magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction.
In some embodiments, determining, according to a correspondence between a splitting width of a magnetic resonance peak and a magnitude of a magnetic field, magnetic field vector information in a direction of a principal axis corresponding to each pair of the magnetic resonance peaks includes: according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field, color center magnetic field vector information of the NV color center of the diamond in the directions of the four main shafts is obtained through calculation respectively; and calculating to obtain magnetic field vector information of the preset magnetic field in four main shaft directions according to the color center magnetic field vector information.
In some embodiments, determining spatial motion information of the scan portion of the subject based on the variation of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system comprises: respectively determining initial spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system; respectively determining real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor.
In some embodiments, determining spatial motion information of the scan portion of the subject based on the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each of the diamond NV colour center sensors comprises: determining initial spatial position information and real-time spatial position information of a scanned part of the detected person according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the detected object.
In some of these embodiments, after determining spatial motion information of the subject scan site, the method further comprises: calculating to obtain gradient correction and radio frequency correction according to the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected person; and controlling the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire images according to the gradient correction quantity and the radio frequency correction quantity, and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected person.
In some embodiments, controlling the magnetic resonance imaging system to perform image acquisition according to the gradient correction and the radio frequency correction, and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of a scanned part of a subject includes: controlling a gradient component in the magnetic resonance imaging system to generate a gradient magnetic field according to the gradient correction quantity; controlling a radio frequency assembly in the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire a magnetic resonance signal of a scanned part of a detected object according to the radio frequency correction quantity; carrying out spatial encoding on the magnetic resonance signal according to the gradient magnetic field to obtain magnetic resonance encoding information; and performing Fourier transform on the magnetic resonance signals according to the magnetic resonance encoding information to obtain a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the examinee.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a magnetic resonance imaging system, including: a magnetic resonance scanner having a bore with an imaging field of view; and a processor configured to operate the magnetic resonance scanner while a subject is located in the magnetic resonance scanner, to perform a diagnostic scan by acquiring magnetic resonance signals from a region of interest of the subject; and a memory storing a computer program; and a plurality of diamond NV colour centre sensors disposed on a region of interest of the subject; the processor is further configured to execute the computer program to perform a motion monitoring method as described in the first aspect above for application in magnetic resonance imaging.
In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging as described in the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging as described in the first aspect above.
Compared with the related art, the motion monitoring method, the magnetic resonance imaging system, the electronic device and the storage medium applied to the magnetic resonance imaging solve the problem that motion artifacts exist in a magnetic resonance image caused by the fact that the subject cannot be subjected to motion detection in real time in the related art, and achieve the technical effect of being capable of carrying out motion detection on the subject in real time.
The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below to provide a more thorough understanding of the application.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to an embodiment of the present application;
figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first optical detection magnetic resonance atlas according to an embodiment of the application;
figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second optical detection magnetic resonance atlas according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided in the present application without any inventive step are within the scope of protection of the present application. Moreover, it should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from one implementation to another.
Reference in the specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the specification. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms referred to herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Reference to "a," "an," "the," and similar words throughout this application are not to be construed as limiting in number, and may refer to the singular or the plural. The present application is directed to the use of the terms "including," "comprising," "having," and any variations thereof, which are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions; for example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules (elements) is not limited to the listed steps or elements, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Reference to "connected," "coupled," and the like in this application is not intended to be limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Reference herein to "a plurality" means greater than or equal to two. "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, "A and/or B" may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Reference herein to the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not denote a particular ordering for the objects.
The systems and methods of the present application are not only useful for non-invasive imaging, but the processing systems involved can include magnetic resonance imaging systems (MR systems), positron emission computed tomography-magnetic resonance multi-modality hybrid systems (PET-MR systems), and the like. The methods, apparatus, systems, or storage media described herein may be integrated with or may be relatively independent of the processing system described above.
The following will explain embodiments of the present application by taking a magnetic resonance imaging system as an example.
The embodiment of the application provides a magnetic resonance imaging system. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic resonance imaging system according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, the magnetic resonance imaging system includes: a scanner and a computer, wherein the computer comprises a memory 125, a processor 122, and a computer program stored on the memory 125 and executable on the processor 122. The processor 122 is configured to execute a computer program to execute the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to the embodiment of the present application.
A plurality of diamond NV (Nitrogen Vacancy, NV) color center sensors 107 may be disposed on the region of interest of the imaging subject 150, at least three of the diamond NV color center sensors 107 may be disposed, for example, when scanning the head of the imaging subject 150, three diamond NV color center sensors 107 may be disposed at the bridge of the nose or at the forehead of the imaging subject 150, whether the magnetic field information near the head of the imaging subject 150 changes is monitored by the diamond NV color center sensors 107, when the magnetic field information near the head of the imaging subject 150 changes, the motion information of the head of the imaging subject 150 corresponding to the magnetic field change information is acquired by the processor 122, and finally, the gradient magnetic field and the radio frequency signal are compensated by the processor 122 according to the motion information of the head of the imaging subject 150.
The scanner has a bore for the imaging field of view, which typically includes a magnetic resonance housing having a main magnet 101 therein, the main magnet 101 may be formed of superconducting coils for generating a static magnetic field, and in some cases, permanent magnets may be used. The main magnet 101 may be used to generate an electrostatic field strength of 0.2 tesla, 0.5 tesla, 1.0 tesla, 1.5 tesla, 3.0 tesla, or higher. In magnetic resonance imaging, an imaging subject 150 is supported by a patient bed 106, and the imaging subject 150 is moved into a region 105 where the static magnetic field distribution is uniform as a table moves. Generally, for a magnetic resonance imaging system, as shown in fig. 1, the z direction of a spatial coordinate system (i.e. a coordinate system of the magnetic resonance imaging system) is set to be the same as the axial direction of a gantry of the magnetic resonance imaging system, the length direction of a patient is generally consistent with the z direction for imaging, the horizontal plane of the magnetic resonance imaging system is set to be an xz plane, the x direction is perpendicular to the z direction, and the y direction is perpendicular to both the x and z directions.
In magnetic resonance imaging, the pulse control unit 111 controls the radio frequency pulse generating unit 116 to generate a radio frequency pulse, and the radio frequency pulse is amplified by the amplifier, passes through the switch control unit 117, and is finally emitted by the body coil 103 or the local coil 104 to perform radio frequency excitation on the imaging object 150. The imaging subject 150 generates corresponding radio frequency signals from resonance upon radio frequency excitation. When receiving the radio frequency signals generated by the imaging subject 150 according to the excitation, the radio frequency signals may be received by the body coil 103 or the local coil 104, there may be a plurality of radio frequency receiving links, and after the radio frequency signals are sent to the radio frequency receiving unit 118, the radio frequency signals are further sent to the image reconstruction unit 121 for image reconstruction, so as to form a magnetic resonance image.
The magnetic resonance scanner also includes gradient coils 102 that can be used to spatially encode the radio frequency signals in magnetic resonance imaging. The pulse control unit 111 controls the gradient signal generating unit 112 to generate gradient signals, which are generally divided into three mutually orthogonal directions: gradient signals in the x, y and z directions, which are different from each other, are amplified by gradient amplifiers (113, 114, 115) and emitted from the gradient coil 102, thereby generating a gradient magnetic field in the region 105.
The pulse control unit 111, the image reconstruction unit 121, the processor 122, the display unit 123, the input/output device 124, the memory 125 and the communication port 126 can perform data transmission through the communication bus 127, so as to realize the control of the magnetic resonance imaging process.
The processor 122 may be composed of one or more processors, and may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or A Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more Integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present Application.
The display unit 123 may be a display provided to a user for displaying an image.
The input/output device 124 may be a keyboard, a mouse, a control box, or other relevant devices, and supports inputting/outputting corresponding data streams.
Memory 125 may include, among other things, mass storage for data or instructions. By way of example, and not limitation, memory 125 may include a Hard Disk Drive (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a floppy Disk Drive, flash memory, an optical Disk, a magneto-optical Disk, magnetic tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) Drive or a combination of two or more of these. Memory 125 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. The memory 125 may be internal or external to the data processing apparatus, where appropriate. In a particular embodiment, the memory 125 is a non-volatile solid-state memory. In a particular embodiment, the memory 125 includes Read Only Memory (ROM). Where appropriate, the ROM may be mask-programmed ROM, Programmable ROM (PROM), Erasable PROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), electrically rewritable ROM (EAROM), or flash memory or a combination of two or more of these. Memory 125 may be used to store various data files that need to be processed and/or communicated for use, as well as possible program instructions executed by processor 122. When the processor 122 executes the designated program stored in the memory 125, the processor 122 may execute the motion monitoring method proposed by the present application as applied to magnetic resonance imaging.
Among other things, the communication port 126 may enable communication with other components such as: and the external equipment, the image acquisition equipment, the database, the external storage, the image processing workstation and the like are in data communication.
Wherein the communication bus 127 comprises hardware, software, or both, coupling the components of the magnetic resonance imaging system to one another. By way of example, and not limitation, a bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), a Hypertransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an infiniband interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Micro Channel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable bus or a combination of two or more of these. The communication bus 127 may include one or more buses, where appropriate. Although specific buses are described and shown in the embodiments of the application, any suitable buses or interconnects are contemplated by the application.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to detect real-time magnetic field information of the subject scan site via a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are disposed at different locations of the subject scan site; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanning part of the detected object according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system.
In some embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to split the total magnetic resonance peak of the NV colour center of the diamond set in each NV colour center sensor into four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks by using a preset magnetic field, where the four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks respectively correspond to four main axis directions of the NV colour center of the diamond; respectively determining magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peaks and the magnitude of the magnetic field; and calculating to obtain the real-time magnetic field information of the scanned part of the detected object detected by each diamond NV color center sensor according to the magnetic field vector information in the four main shaft directions.
In some embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to calculate color center magnetic field vector information of the NV color center of the diamond in four spindle directions according to a correspondence between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field; and calculating to obtain magnetic field vector information of the preset magnetic field in four main shaft directions according to the color center magnetic field vector information.
In some embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to determine initial spatial position information of each diamond NV colour centre sensor separately from real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV colour centre sensor and magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system; respectively determining real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to determine initial spatial position information and real-time spatial position information of the scan portion of the subject from the initial spatial position information and real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV colour center sensor; and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected person according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the detected person.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to calculate gradient corrections and radio frequency corrections based on spatial motion information of the scan portion of the subject; and controlling a magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire images according to the gradient correction and the radio frequency correction, and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected object.
In some of these embodiments, the processor 122 is configured to control gradient components in the magnetic resonance imaging system to generate gradient magnetic fields in accordance with the gradient modifiers; controlling a radio frequency assembly in the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire a magnetic resonance signal of a scanned part of a detected object according to the radio frequency correction; carrying out spatial encoding on the magnetic resonance signals according to the gradient magnetic field to obtain magnetic resonance encoding information; and performing Fourier transform on the magnetic resonance signals according to the magnetic resonance encoding information to obtain a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected object.
The present embodiment provides a motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging, and fig. 2 is a flowchart of a motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2, the flowchart includes the following steps:
step S201, detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scanned part of a subject by a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are disposed at different positions of the scanned part of the subject.
Step S202, according to the variation of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system, the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object is determined.
In this embodiment, the diamond NV color center sensors may be disposed at a scanning portion of the subject, and there are at least three diamond NV color center sensors, for example, when the head of the subject is scanned, three diamond NV color center sensors may be disposed at a bridge of the nose or a forehead of the subject, and the diamond NV color center sensors monitor whether real-time magnetic field information near the head of the subject changes, and when the real-time magnetic field information near the head of the subject changes, obtain spatial motion information of the head of the subject corresponding to the magnetic field change information, and finally compensate the gradient magnetic field and the radio frequency signal by the spatial motion information, so as to obtain a magnetic resonance image of the head of the subject.
At present, the magnetic measurement technology based on diamond NV color center has many advantages compared with the traditional magnetic measurement technology, such as hall effect sensor, magnetic force microscope, etc.: the working temperature range is wide, the spatial resolution and the sensitivity are high, and the magnetic field of the sample is not disturbed.
On the other hand, as a sensor, the NV color center of the diamond can approach a sample to be measured to a nanometer level due to the size of the atomic scale, and the measurement of single electron spin and single nuclear spin can be realized by combining the advantage of high sensitivity.
Therefore, by using the traditional magnetic resonance technology, the diamond NV color center can realize single-molecule nuclear magnetic resonance and single-molecule paramagnetic resonance, and the magnetic measurement technology based on the diamond NV color center is often applied to the research of magnetics and magnetic materials.
However, the diamond NV color center sensor is not yet applied to motion detection of a human body in a magnetic resonance environment, a magnetic resonance imaging system in the related art usually scans a scanning portion of a subject first, and after the scanning is completed, a response post-processing algorithm is used to eliminate motion influence of the subject in the scanning process, or a camera is used to monitor the subject in real time, track a spatial posture of the subject, and compensate a magnetic resonance image based on motion parameters of the subject, however, due to the fact that the frame rate of the camera is low, a large amount of video information is often required to be acquired to analyze whether the subject moves or not and analyze the motion parameters of the subject, which results in that motion artifacts in the magnetic resonance image cannot be corrected in real time, and the generation efficiency of the magnetic resonance image is reduced.
Compared with the traditional physiological signal detection technology, in the physiological signal detection method based on the diamond NV color center sensor, the size of the diamond NV color center sensor is very small and can reach 1mm3The precision and the dynamic range are high, the measured frequency bandwidth can meet the requirements, the magnetic field information can be measured in real time in the magnetic resonance environment, the acquisition of the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the examined person and the acquisition of the magnetic resonance data are independent, and the motion artifact correction of the magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the examined person is completed in real time.
In this embodiment, the real-time magnetic field information may include real-time static magnetic field information, which may be generated by a main magnet, which may be a superconducting coil or a permanent magnet, disposed in a gantry of the magnetic resonance system, and real-time gradient magnetic field information, which may be generated by gradient coils.
In some of these embodiments, detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scanned portion of a subject with a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors comprises the steps of:
step 1, splitting the total magnetic resonance peak of the diamond NV color center arranged in each diamond NV color center sensor through a preset magnetic field to obtain four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks, wherein the four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks respectively correspond to four spindle directions of the diamond NV color center.
And 2, respectively determining magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peaks and the magnitude of the magnetic field.
And 3, calculating to obtain the real-time magnetic field information of the scanned part of the detected person detected by each diamond NV color center sensor according to the magnetic field vector information in the four main shaft directions.
In this embodiment, the four major axis directions may correspond to the four crystal axis directions of the diamond lattice structure, i.e., (111), (1-11), (-111), and (11-1).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first optical detection magnetic resonance spectrum according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the Y-axis is Fluorescence intensity (Fluorescence intensity), the X-axis is Probe microwave frequency (Probe microwave frequency) and has a unit of (MHz), as shown in fig. 3, a, b, c, and d pairs of magnetic resonance peaks are obtained by splitting the total magnetic resonance peak of the NV color center of the diamond set in the NV color center sensor through a predetermined magnetic field, and each pair of left and right magnetic resonance peaks is separated from the center of eight magnetic resonance peaks, the central point in the diagram is 2.87GHz, and each pair of magnetic resonance peaks corresponds to four major axes directions of the NV color center of the diamond in the carbon lattice.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second optical detection magnetic resonance spectrum according to an embodiment of the present application, in which the Y-axis is Fluorescence intensity (Fluorescence intensity) and the X-axis is Probe microwave frequency (Probe microwave frequency) in (MHz), as shown in fig. 4, magnetic field vector information in the spindle direction corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks can be respectively determined according to the correspondence between the width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field, for example: in a corresponding relationship f±＝2γBzFor example, wherein f±＝f+-f-I.e. the splitting width of the pair of magnetic resonance peaks, f+The probe microwave frequency, f, of the right magnetic resonance peak of the pair-The microwave frequency of the probe of the left magnetic resonance peak in the pair of magnetic resonance peaks, gamma is the gyromagnetic ratio of NV color center of diamond, BzThat is, the magnetic field vector information of the preset magnetic field in the Z-axis direction can be obtained through the corresponding relationship, where Δ v in the figure is the central line width, and C is the fluorescence intensity of the magnetic resonance peak obtained through actual measurement.
In some embodiments, determining, according to a correspondence between a splitting width of a magnetic resonance peak and a magnitude of a magnetic field, magnetic field vector information in a direction of a principal axis corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks includes: according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field, color center magnetic field vector information of the NV color center of the diamond in the directions of the four main axes is obtained through calculation respectively; and calculating to obtain magnetic field vector information of the preset magnetic field in four main shaft directions according to the color center magnetic field vector information.
In this embodiment, after obtaining color center magnetic field vector information of the diamond NV color center in the carbon lattice in the four main axis directions, color center magnetic field vector information of the diamond NV color center in the carbon lattice in the four main axis directions is calculated, so that magnetic field vector information of a preset magnetic field in the four main axis directions can be obtained comprehensively, and further magnetic field information of a scanning part of a detected person is obtained.
In some embodiments, determining spatial motion information of a scan portion of a subject based on a variation of real-time magnetic field information detected by a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system comprises:
step 1, respectively determining initial spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system.
And 2, respectively determining real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system.
And 3, determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the examined person according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor.
In this embodiment, the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the NV centroid sensor of the diamond may include one or more sets of three-dimensional coordinate data located under a physical coordinate system, where the physical coordinate system is a spatial rectangular coordinate system, and the method includes: three coordinate axes of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis. The initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the diamond NV color center sensor at least comprise 7 components, which are respectively: the position of the center of the X-axis layer, the position of the center of the Y-axis layer, the position of the center of the Z-axis layer, the normal vector of the X-axis, the normal vector of the Y-axis, the normal vector of the Z-axis and the rotation angle in the layer.
The spatial motion information of the NV color center sensor of the diamond can be obtained more conveniently and accurately through coordinate calculation through coordinate data in the real-time spatial position information and coordinate data in the initial spatial position information.
In this embodiment, the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanning portion of the subject may be determined according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor, and the spatial motion information of the scanning portion of the subject may be determined according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanning portion of the subject.
The initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the examined person are one or more groups of three-dimensional coordinate data under a physical coordinate system, and the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the examined person can be obtained more conveniently and accurately through coordinate calculation according to the coordinate data in the real-time spatial position information and the coordinate data in the initial spatial position information.
In this embodiment, the spatial motion information may include the degree of motion and the number of times of motion of the scan portion of the subject, and motion vector information in the physical coordinate system corresponding to each motion.
The initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the examined person can be directly fed back to a sequence time sequence control unit in the magnetic resonance imaging system, the sequence time sequence control unit can operate a scanning sequence and transmit scanning parameters in the scanning sequence to a gradient component and a radio frequency component, so that the gradient component and the radio frequency component carry out magnetic resonance scanning according to the received scanning parameters.
After the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the examinee are fed back to the sequence time sequence control unit in the magnetic resonance imaging system, the identification position can be additionally arranged in the scanning sequence, when the scanning sequence is operated to the identification position, the sequence time sequence control unit is triggered to obtain the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the examinee, so that the acquisition of the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the examinee and the acquisition of the magnetic resonance data are independent of each other and are carried out simultaneously, and the motion artifact correction of the magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the examinee is completed in real time.
In some of these embodiments, after determining spatial motion information of the scan portion of the subject, the method further comprises: calculating to obtain gradient correction and radio frequency correction according to the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected person; controlling a magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire images according to the gradient correction and the radio frequency correction, and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected object
In this embodiment, the radio frequency correction amount can be calculated according to the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the subject, and the radio frequency correction amount is sent to the radio frequency component in the magnetic resonance imaging system; the radio frequency assembly comprises a transmitting assembly and a receiving assembly; the radio frequency correction includes a frequency correction of the transmitting component, a phase correction of the transmitting component, a frequency correction of the receiving component, and a phase correction of the receiving component.
In this embodiment, the gradient correction amount may include components of a gradient magnetic field in an X axis, a Y axis, and a Z axis in a physical coordinate system, where the gradient component may include a gradient coil in a magnetic resonance imaging system, the gradient coil may be used to spatially encode a radio frequency signal during magnetic resonance imaging, and the radio frequency component may include a radio frequency pulse generating unit and a radio frequency receiving unit in the magnetic resonance imaging system, where after the gradient correction amount and the radio frequency correction amount are respectively sent to the gradient component and the radio frequency component, it may be ensured that a spatial position of a scanning portion of a subject and a gradient magnetic field generated by the gradient component are relatively stationary, and occurrence of motion artifacts in a magnetic resonance image of the scanning portion of the subject is avoided.
In the present embodiment, the general formula can be represented by [ G ]X，GY，GZ]T＝RotMatrix_log2phy_Current*[GRO，GPE，GSS]TObtaining a gradient correction amount, wherein [ G ]X，GY，GZ]The gradient correction is shown in the X axis and the Y axis of a physical coordinate systemComponent G on axis, Z-axisX、GY、GZ，[GX，GY，GZ]TIs [ G ]X，GY，GZ]RotMatrix _ log2phy _ Current, which is a rotation matrix from the logical coordinate system to the physical coordinate system in the acquisition plane, [ G ]RO，GPE，GSS]For gradients in the logical coordinate system, components G in the readout direction RO, the phase direction PE, and the readout direction SS are providedRO、GPE、GSS，[GRO，GPE，GSS]TIs [ G ]RO，GPE，GSS]The inverse matrix of (c).
Can be obtained by: TX _ freq ═ gamma ═ B0+ freq _ per _ SS Shift _ SS obtains frequency correction of the transmitting unit, wherein TX _ freq is frequency correction of the transmitting unit, gamma is gyromagnetic ratio constant, B0For the magnetic field strength, freq _ per _ SS is the frequency change per unit length in the layer selection direction SS in the logical coordinate system, and is a known quantity, and Shift _ SS is the component of the current displacement of the acquisition layer in the layer selection direction SS in the logical coordinate system.
Can be obtained by: acquiring phase correction quantity of a transmitting component by TX _ phase _ GSS _ Duration _ RF _ AsymmetricFactor _ RF _ Shift _ SS + phase _ RF, wherein GSS is a component of a gradient magnetic field in a layer selection direction SS under a logic coordinate system; duration _ RF is the Duration of the radio frequency pulse. AsymmetricFactor _ RF is the asymmetry factor of the radio frequency pulse; phase _ RF is a given phase.
Can be obtained by: RX _ freq ═ gamma _ B0+ freq _ per _ RO _ Shift _ RO obtains the frequency correction amount of the receiving part, wherein RX _ freq is the frequency correction amount of the receiving part; freq _ per _ RO is the frequency change per unit length in the readout direction RO in the logical coordinate system, and freq _ per _ RO is a known quantity; shift _ RO is the component of the acquisition layer currently displaced in the readout direction RO in the logical coordinate system.
Can be obtained by: RX _ phase _ per _ PE _ Shift _ PE + phase _ per _ SS _ Shift _ SS acquires a phase correction amount of the receiving section, where RX _ phase is the phase correction amount of the receiving section, and phase _ per _ PE is a phase change per unit length in the phase direction PE in the logical coordinate system, and is a known amount; the Shift _ PE is a component of the current displacement of the acquisition layer in the phase direction PE under the logical coordinate system; phase _ per _ SS is a known quantity of phase change generated by each unit length of SPE along the layer phase encoding direction in the logic coordinate system; and the Shift _ SS is a component of the acquisition layer in the aspect phase encoding direction SPE under the logical coordinate system currently.
After the gradient correction is sent to the gradient component and the radio frequency correction is sent to the radio frequency component, the gradient component in the magnetic resonance imaging system can be controlled to generate a gradient magnetic field according to the gradient correction; controlling a radio frequency assembly in the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire a magnetic resonance signal of a scanned part of a detected object according to the radio frequency correction; carrying out spatial encoding on the magnetic resonance signals according to the gradient magnetic field to obtain magnetic resonance encoding information; and performing Fourier transform on the magnetic resonance signals according to the magnetic resonance encoding information to obtain a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected object.
Through the steps S201 to S202, real-time magnetic field information of a scanned part of a detected person is detected through a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, and spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected person is determined according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system, wherein the diamond NV color center sensors are very small and can reach 1mm3And the precision and the dynamic range are higher, the magnetic field information can be measured in real time under the magnetic resonance environment, the acquisition of the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the examined person and the acquisition of the magnetic resonance data are independent, and the motion artifact correction of the magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the examined person can be completed in real time. By the method and the device, the problem that motion artifacts exist in the magnetic resonance image caused by incapability of carrying out motion detection on the examinee in real time in the related technology is solved, and the technical effect of carrying out motion detection on the examinee in real time is realized.
The present embodiment further provides an electronic device, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 5, the electronic device includes a memory 504 and a processor 502, where the memory 504 stores a computer program, and the processor 502 is configured to execute the computer program to perform the steps in any of the method embodiments.
Specifically, the processor 502 may include a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or A Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more Integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present Application.
Memory 504 may include, among other things, mass storage 504 for data or instructions. By way of example, and not limitation, memory 504 may include a Hard Disk Drive (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated to HDD), a floppy Disk Drive, a Solid State Drive (SSD), flash memory, an optical Disk, a magneto-optical Disk, tape, or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) Drive or a combination of two or more of these. Memory 504 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media, where appropriate. The memory 504 may be internal or external to the data processing apparatus, where appropriate. In a particular embodiment, the memory 504 is a Non-Volatile (Non-Volatile) memory. In particular embodiments, Memory 504 includes Read-Only Memory (ROM) and Random Access Memory (RAM). The ROM may be mask-programmed ROM, Programmable ROM (PROM), Erasable PROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable PROM (EEPROM), Electrically rewritable ROM (EAROM), or FLASH Memory (FLASH), or a combination of two or more of these, where appropriate. The RAM may be a Static Random-Access Memory (SRAM) or a Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DRAM), where the DRAM may be a Fast Page Mode DRAM 504(Fast Page Mode Dynamic Random Access Memory, FPMDRAM), an Extended data output DRAM (Extended data Access Memory, EDODRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory, SDRAM), and the like.
Memory 504 may be used to store or cache various data files for processing and/or communication purposes, as well as possibly computer program instructions for execution by processor 502.
The processor 502 may be configured to implement any one of the above-described embodiments of the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 504.
Optionally, the electronic apparatus may further include a transmission device 506 and an input/output device 508, wherein the transmission device 506 is connected to the processor 502, and the input/output device 508 is connected to the processor 502.
Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor 502 may be configured to execute the following steps by a computer program:
and S1, detecting real-time magnetic field information of the scanned part of the detected person through a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are arranged at different positions of the scanned part of the detected person.
And S2, determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the variation of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system.
It should be noted that, for specific examples in this embodiment, reference may be made to examples described in the foregoing embodiments and optional implementations, and details of this embodiment are not described herein again.
In addition, in combination with the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging in the foregoing embodiments, the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by providing a storage medium. The storage medium having stored thereon a computer program; the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above-described embodiments of a motion monitoring method for magnetic resonance imaging.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any combination, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of features in the above-described embodiments are not described in detail, but rather, all combinations of features which are not inconsistent with each other should be construed as being within the scope of the present disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging is characterized by comprising the following steps:
detecting real-time magnetic field information of a scanned part of a detected person through a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors, wherein the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors are arranged at different positions of the scanned part of the detected person;
and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting real-time magnetic field information of the scanned portion of the subject by a plurality of diamond NV color center sensors comprises:
splitting a total magnetic resonance peak of a diamond NV color center arranged in each diamond NV color center sensor through a preset magnetic field to obtain four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks, wherein the four pairs of magnetic resonance peaks respectively correspond to four spindle directions of the diamond NV color center;
respectively determining magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction corresponding to each pair of magnetic resonance peaks according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peaks and the magnitude of the magnetic field;
and calculating to obtain the real-time magnetic field information of the scanned part of the detected person detected by each diamond NV color center sensor according to the four magnetic field vector information in the main shaft direction.
3. The motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to claim 2, wherein determining the magnetic field vector information in the direction of the principal axis corresponding to each pair of the magnetic resonance peaks respectively according to the correspondence between the split width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field comprises:
according to the corresponding relation between the splitting width of the magnetic resonance peak and the magnitude of the magnetic field, color center magnetic field vector information of the NV color center of the diamond in the directions of the four main shafts is obtained through calculation respectively;
and calculating to obtain magnetic field vector information of the preset magnetic field in four main shaft directions according to the color center magnetic field vector information.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining spatial motion information of the scan portion of the subject according to the variation of the real-time magnetic field information detected by the plurality of diamond NV color center sensors and the magnetic field distribution information of the magnetic resonance imaging system comprises:
respectively determining initial spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system;
respectively determining real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor according to the variable quantity of the real-time magnetic field information detected by each diamond NV color center sensor and the magnetic field distribution information of a magnetic resonance imaging system;
and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining spatial motion information of the scanned portion of the subject according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each of the diamond NV color center sensors comprises:
determining initial spatial position information and real-time spatial position information of a scanned part of the detected person according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of each diamond NV color center sensor;
and determining the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected object according to the initial spatial position information and the real-time spatial position information of the scanned part of the detected object.
6. The motion monitoring method for magnetic resonance imaging according to claim 1, wherein after determining spatial motion information of the subject scan site, the method further comprises:
calculating to obtain gradient correction and radio frequency correction according to the spatial motion information of the scanned part of the detected person;
and controlling the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire images according to the gradient correction quantity and the radio frequency correction quantity, and obtaining a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the detected person.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein controlling the MRI system to acquire images according to the gradient correction amount and the RF correction amount and obtain an MRI image of a scanned part of a subject comprises:
controlling a gradient component in the magnetic resonance imaging system to generate a gradient magnetic field according to the gradient correction quantity;
controlling a radio frequency assembly in the magnetic resonance imaging system to acquire a magnetic resonance signal of a scanned part of a detected object according to the radio frequency correction quantity;
carrying out spatial encoding on the magnetic resonance signal according to the gradient magnetic field to obtain magnetic resonance encoding information;
and performing Fourier transform on the magnetic resonance signals according to the magnetic resonance encoding information to obtain a magnetic resonance image of the scanned part of the examinee.
8. A magnetic resonance imaging system, characterized in that the magnetic resonance imaging system comprises: a magnetic resonance scanner having a bore with an imaging field of view; and a processor configured to operate the magnetic resonance scanner while a subject is located in the magnetic resonance scanner, to perform a diagnostic scan by acquiring magnetic resonance signals from a region of interest of the subject; and a memory storing a computer program; and a plurality of diamond NV colour centre sensors disposed on a region of interest of the subject; the processor is further configured to run the computer program to perform the motion monitoring method for magnetic resonance imaging of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to execute the computer program to perform the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the motion monitoring method applied to magnetic resonance imaging according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
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