CN112796845A - ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method - Google Patents

ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method Download PDF

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CN112796845A
CN112796845A CN202110204315.8A CN202110204315A CN112796845A CN 112796845 A CN112796845 A CN 112796845A CN 202110204315 A CN202110204315 A CN 202110204315A CN 112796845 A CN112796845 A CN 112796845A
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杨东升
周博文
李广地
金硕巍
王迎春
罗艳红
杨波
郑海洪
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Northeastern University China
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Abstract

The invention provides an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method, and relates to the technical field of industrial energy utilization. The system comprises waste heat boiler power generation equipment, ORC power generation equipment, a computer, a sensor, an AD conversion circuit and a DSP; the ORC power generation system is introduced, the problem of industrial low-temperature waste heat waste is solved, meanwhile, in an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system based on ORC, the whole system structure is optimized, certain help is provided for solving the problem of industrial whole waste heat, an energy cascade utilization theory is applied to the industrial actual production process, and the energy cascade utilization theory is combined with the actual process; not only has certain economic benefit, but also has certain social benefit.

Description

ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial energy utilization, in particular to an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method.
Background
With the rapid development of global economy, the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution become more serious, and how to reduce the dependence on fossil energy is a problem to be solved. With the rapid development of energy technology, new energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy, geothermal energy and the like are actively developed in various countries, and new energy-saving technologies are sought. At present, new energy technology in China has been greatly developed, but the link of energy-saving technology is relatively weak, and particularly in the industrial field with a large energy consumption ratio, a great deal of industrial waste heat is still directly discharged every year. Especially in the production process of large enterprises such as steel, chemical industry, power plants, petroleum and the like, the industrial waste heat emission is more serious. The construction of energy-saving policy capacity is enhanced, energy-saving resources are taken as the entry point of economic work, the upgrading of industrial structures is promoted, energy-saving and emission-reduction indexes are realized, and the important responsibility of industrial enterprises is achieved. The ratio of the recyclable waste heat resources in the industrial waste heat exceeds 60%, and the recycling potential is huge, so that the recycling of the industrial waste heat resources is developed, and the development of the energy-saving technology of waste heat utilization equipment is promoted to become the strategic target of sustainable development in China. Meanwhile, the method can solve the problem of energy waste for large-scale industrial enterprises such as steel, chemical power plants and the like, has great economic and environmental benefits, and has important significance for promoting industrial development.
At present, two main industrial waste heat recovery modes are provided. The direct utilization method is characterized in that industrial waste heat is conducted through a heat exchanger, although the system is simple and high in efficiency, due to the heat transfer temperature difference, the conducted temperature is lower than the waste heat temperature, the waste heat temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat load requirement of general industrial enterprises in a non-heat supply period is low, so that the application range of the industrial waste heat is limited. The other method is conversion utilization, industrial waste heat is absorbed to do work through a waste heat boiler power generation technology, so that electric energy is generated, the whole technology is mature, but the waste heat boiler power generation technology mainly recycles high-temperature waste heat, and cannot recycle low-temperature waste heat. Meanwhile, in the existing industrial waste heat recovery technology, in the face of industrial waste heat with multiple temperatures, most of the industrial waste heat with multiple temperatures still adopts a single-machine circulating system to match and recycle the industrial waste heat with multiple temperatures, and the waste heat matching performance and the gradient utilization efficiency are not strong. Meanwhile, when the waste heat source disturbance occurs in most industrial waste heat recovery control systems, the optimal operation value of the waste heat recovery equipment tracking system cannot be adjusted in real time, so that the industrial waste heat utilization rate is low. Therefore, the reasonable technology is adopted to optimize and control the cascade utilization of the waste heat of the industrial energy source, and the method has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
on one hand, the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system comprises waste heat boiler power generation equipment, ORC power generation equipment, a computer, a sensor, an AD conversion circuit and a DSP;
the sensors comprise temperature, pressure and power sensors, and are arranged at the positions of a superheater and a steam turbine condenser in waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the positions of a working medium pump, an evaporator, an expander and a condenser in ORC power generation equipment to obtain basic operation data of the ORC power generation equipment and the waste heat boiler equipment, wherein the basic operation data comprises equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, length of a heat exchange tube in the condenser and industrial waste heat data, the basic operation data is transmitted to the input end of the AD conversion circuit, and an output signal of the AD conversion circuit is transmitted to the DSP and is wirelessly transmitted to a computer through GPRS;
the computer is a system software platform and comprises a user login module, an equipment information module, an equipment running state module, a historical data storage and display analysis module and an alarm module;
the user login module completes user login operation by inputting correct system user name, password and verification code, and enters an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structural interface based on ORC; the equipment information module displays the collected parameter information of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment; the equipment running state module displays the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment which are acquired by the sensors; the system comprises a historical data storage and display analysis module, a computer software platform and an alarm module, wherein the historical data storage and display analysis module transmits data to the computer software platform through a sensor and displays the data in a table form, the first column of the table is time, the second column of the table is sequentially followed by industrial waste heat, waste heat consumed by a waste heat boiler, power generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, waste heat consumed by ORC power generation equipment, and power generated by the ORC power generation equipment, and the last column of the table is system overall energy utilization efficiency, the alarm module responds to the temperature and air pressure of each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and each ORC power generation equipment, and the system software platform alarms when the temperature and the air pressure of the equipment exceed set threshold values.
In another aspect, an ORC-based industrial energy cascade power supply method is implemented according to the foregoing ORC-based industrial energy cascade power supply system, and includes the following steps:
step 1: establishing an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, and determining an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structure, wherein the structure comprises a waste heat boiler power generation device and an ORC power generation device;
step 2: according to the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structure, determining an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method, realizing temperature matching according to the temperature and the quantity of industrial waste heat and the requirement, performing cascade utilization, and reducing the temperature of the waste heat step by step until the waste heat power generation equipment cannot obtain energy from the system, and discharging the residual;
and step 3: establishing an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by taking exergy efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system as evaluation indexes; the exergy efficiency formula of the evaluation optimization model is as follows:
Figure 665896DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
in the formula:E p exergy representing the power generated by the whole ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system by utilizing industrial waste heat;E F a waste heat supply exergy representative of an industrial system;
whereinE p Comprises two parts: exergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by utilizing high-temperature waste heat and medium-temperature waste heat, and exergy possessed by electricity generated by the ORC power generation equipment by utilizing low-temperature waste heat have the following specific formula:
Figure 991704DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula:E EB.p.i represents the firstiexergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat of high and medium temperature by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment;E ORC.p.j represents the firstjexergy that the table ORC power plant has with the electricity generated by the low temperature waste heat;Nrepresenting the number of waste heat boiler power plants;Mrepresenting the number of ORC power generation plants;
E F comprises 3 parts: amount exergy provided by waste heat of high and medium temperature in waste heat boiler power plant, amount exergy provided by low temperature waste heat in ORC power plant, and waste heat boiler power generationAnd exergy amount of power consumed by the ORC power plant, which is specified by the following formula:
Figure 575132DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
in the formula:E EB.F.i represents the firstiexergy provided by the power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler by using high and medium temperature waste heat;E ORC.F.j represents the firstjThe amount of exergy provided by the table ORC power plant using low temperature waste heat;E EB+ORC.d an amount exergy representing power consumption of the waste heat boiler power generation and ORC power plant;E EB.p.i =P EB.out.i ×3600，P EB.out.i represents the firstiThe power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler utilizes the electric quantity generated by the waste heat of high temperature and medium temperature;E ORC.p.j =P ORC.out.j ×3600，P ORC.out.j represents the firstjThe table ORC power generation equipment utilizes the electric quantity generated by low-temperature waste heat;
the energy utilization efficiency formula of the evaluation optimization model is as follows:
Figure 762531DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
in the formula:H IWH.sum represents the total heat of the industrial waste heat used for power generation;
establishing constraint conditions of the evaluation optimization model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise energy flow balance between each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and ORC power generation equipment and steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j Upper and lower bound thresholds are met;
and 4, step 4: solving an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by adopting a wolf colony algorithm to obtain steam pressure of a steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Obtaining an optimal value, and obtaining the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment;
step 4.1: inputting basic parameters of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment, including equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, length of heat exchange tubes in a condenser, randomly initializing spatial coordinates of a wolf pack in a solution space and maximum iteration timesT max The variable number of the variable number comprises steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j ；
Step 4.2: selecting the best artificial wolf as the head wolf according to the objective function, and recording the objective function asF max Then, the artificial wolf with the largest target value except the wolf is used as a detecting wolf, the walking behavior is started, if the objective function value of a certain position is found to be larger than the objective function value of the wolf, the position of the wolf is updated, and meanwhile the wolf gives out a calling behavior; if the detected wolf is not found, the wolf continues to swim until the maximum number of the wandering times is reached, and the wolf sends out a calling behavior at the original position, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 482225DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
in the formula:
Figure 791984DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
a walk step size for executing a walk action for the wolf;hrepresenting the direction of the wolf walking;p=1,2,...,h；x id representing the position before the wolf visit;
Figure 315238DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
representing exploring wolfiTo the firstpAfter wandering in one directiondA location updated by the dimensional space;
step 4.3: listening that the wolf of fierce warns called by the wolf of head rushes to the wolf of head, starting a rushing behavior, and if the objective function value of the wolf of fierce warns in the rushing way is larger than the objective function value of the wolf of head rushes, updating the position of the wolf of head; otherwise, the wolf of lady will continue to rush until entering the attack range, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 368644DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
in the formula:
Figure 208425DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
is as followskThe artificial wolf head is on the first placedA position in dimensional space;
Figure 361188DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
a wolf of lady rushing step size when performing a summoning behavior for a wolf of capitulum;
Figure 919209DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
is as followsiRoot of Chinese wolfk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
step 4.4: the wolf of terry close to the wolf jointly explores the wolf (regarding the wolf position as the prey), and if the objective function value of other artificial wolfs is larger than that of the wolf in the process of enclosure, the wolf position is updated until the prey is captured, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 510727DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
in the formula:
Figure 391964DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
；
Figure 309105DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
the containment step length of the containment attack behavior is carried out for the exploration wolf and the fierce wolf;
Figure 88842DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
first, thekSubstituted for artificial wolf on the firstdA position in dimensional space;
Figure 687313DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
is as followsiA wolf of fierce or wolf of spyk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
walk step length of the solution method
Figure 501686DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Running step length
Figure 324148DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
Step length of enclosure
Figure 512553DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
The relationship is as follows:
Figure 711453DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
in the formula: [d min,d max]Represents the variable ofdA dimensional value range;Srepresents a step size factor;
step 4.5: with minimum value of objective function in eliminated wolf groupHA artificial wolf and randomly generating a new wolf in the solution spaceHThe artificial wolf realizes the update of the wolf group,
Figure 380332DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
，His a random integer and is a non-linear integer,βthe scale factor is updated for the wolf pack,nthe total number of the artificial wolfs;
step 4.6: judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, if so, outputting an optimal value, and if not, skipping to the step 4.2;
and 5: according to the steam pressure of a steam turbine in the optimized waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Parameters are respectively used for the opening degree of a steam turbine valve in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by adopting an H infinity controller through a DSP devicel EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j Controlling;
step 5.1: calculating steam pressure of steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipment according to wolf group algorithmp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j An optimal set value;
step 5.2: h infinity controller real-time adjustment exhaust-heat boiler power generation equipment steam turbine valve opening when industrial exhaust-heat mass flow goes out to disturbl EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j To ensure the steam pressure of the steam turbine in the power generation equipment of the waste heat boilerp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j The heat pump is stabilized at an optimal value, and the economical efficiency of industrial waste heat utilization is improved;
the H-infinity controller model of the system satisfies the following inequality:
Figure 576958DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
in the formula:γ>0, representing the interference suppression coefficient;Q、Rrepresenting a system coefficient matrix;x=[p EB.st.in.i ,p ORC.heat.out.j ] T is a controlled variable in the system;u=[l EB.st.in.i ,w ORC.exp.ander.j ]is an operating variable in the system;w=[ΔG EB.st.in.i ,Δm ORC.heat.j ]is a system disturbance;
step 6: calling a system software platform, inputting a user name, a password and a verification code, and re-inputting if the verification code is input incorrectly; if the input password is incorrect, the password needs to be input again. Locking the user for 5min when the password of the user is wrong for three times, retrieving the password through a mailbox or a telephone after 5min, and logging in again; if the input wrong password is not three times, the password is correct, the user directly enters a system software platform, the industrial user selects corresponding functions according to actual requirements, the functions comprise equipment information, equipment running state, historical data storage, display analysis and alarm, the industrial user performs functional operation, and finally ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization is completed.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
the invention provides an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system and method, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the ORC power generation system is introduced, the problem of industrial low-temperature waste heat waste is solved, meanwhile, in an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, the whole system structure is optimized, certain help is provided for solving the problem of industrial whole waste heat, and the ORC power generation system has certain economic benefit and certain social benefit;
(2) the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method provided by the invention applies an energy cascade utilization theory to an industrial actual production process, and realizes the combination of the energy cascade utilization theory and the actual process;
(3) the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system optimization model improves the energy utilization rate of the whole system, plays an important role in energy conservation and emission reduction, reduces the waste of industrial waste heat, and considers the evaluation of both the system energy grade and the system performance compared with the traditional single evaluation index;
(4) the H-infinity controller provided by the invention can track and control the operation parameters of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment in real time, so that the industrial waste heat utilization rate is ensured, and meanwhile, the system equipment can stably operate at the optimal parameter value under the condition of disturbance;
(5) the system designed by the invention monitors the collected running data, alarm information, regulation and control information and the like of each device in real time and displays the data on a computer interface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the cascade utilization of industrial energy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a topological diagram of an industrial energy cascade power supply system structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an industrial energy cascade utilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the evaluation optimization model solution of the cascade utilization method of industrial energy according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a control structure diagram of an industrial energy cascade power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a platform landing process of an industrial energy cascade power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a topological interface diagram of the platform system structure of the power supply system for cascade utilization of industrial energy according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an interface diagram of parameter information of each device of the platform system of the industrial energy cascade power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a display interface diagram of the operation status of the platform system device of the industrial energy cascade power supply system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a historical data display interface diagram of an industrial energy cascade power supply system platform system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is an alarm display interface diagram of the platform system of the industrial energy cascade power supply system in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are given for
The present invention is illustrated but not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
On one hand, the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system comprises waste heat boiler power generation equipment, ORC power generation equipment, a computer, a sensor, an AD conversion circuit and a DSP;
the schematic diagram of the cascade utilization principle of the industrial energy based on the ORC in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the cascade utilization of the industrial energy waste heat is used as a guide, and the corresponding industrial waste heat recovery devices are used for recovering and utilizing the industrial waste heat at different temperatures, so that the maximum utilization of the industrial energy is realized. The topological diagram of the structure of the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system in the embodiment is shown in FIG. 2
The sensors comprise temperature, pressure and power sensors, and are arranged at the positions of a superheater and a steam turbine condenser in waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the positions of a working medium pump, an evaporator, an expander and a condenser in ORC power generation equipment to obtain basic operation data of the ORC power generation equipment and the waste heat boiler equipment, wherein the basic operation data comprises equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, length of a heat exchange tube in the condenser and industrial waste heat data, the basic operation data is transmitted to the input end of the AD conversion circuit, and an output signal of the AD conversion circuit is transmitted to the DSP and is wirelessly transmitted to a computer through GPRS;
the computer is a system software platform and comprises a user login module, an equipment information module, an equipment running state module, a historical data storage and display analysis module and an alarm module;
the user login module completes user login operation by inputting correct system user name, password and verification code, and enters an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structural interface based on ORC; the equipment information module displays the collected parameter information of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment; the equipment running state module displays the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment which are acquired by the sensors; the system comprises a historical data storage and display analysis module, a computer software platform and an alarm module, wherein the historical data storage and display analysis module transmits data to the computer software platform through a sensor and displays the data in a table form, the first column of the table is time, the second column of the table is sequentially followed by industrial waste heat, waste heat consumed by a waste heat boiler, power generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, waste heat consumed by ORC power generation equipment, and power generated by the ORC power generation equipment, and the last column of the table is system overall energy utilization efficiency, the alarm module responds to the temperature and air pressure of each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and each ORC power generation equipment, and the system software platform alarms when the temperature and the air pressure of the equipment exceed set threshold values.
In another aspect, an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method is implemented by an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system according to the foregoing, and includes the following steps:
step 1: determining a basic structure of an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, wherein temperature, pressure and power sensors are arranged in ORC and waste heat boiler equipment, acquiring basic operation data and industrial waste heat data of the ORC and waste heat boiler equipment, acquiring and transmitting the basic operation data and the industrial waste heat data to a DSP (digital signal processor) through AD (analog-to-digital) acquisition, integrating and transmitting the data to a server by a GPRS (general packet radio service) module, obtaining an optimal operation value through algorithm optimization, returning the optimal operation value to the DSP, and carrying out real-time tracking control on the ORC and waste heat boiler equipment through an H-infinity controller, so that the overall efficiency of;
step 2: according to the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structure, determining an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method, wherein a flow chart is shown in FIG. 3, the temperature is aligned according to the temperature and the quantity of industrial waste heat and the requirement for the industrial waste heat, the cascade utilization is realized, the temperature of the waste heat is gradually reduced until the waste heat power generation equipment cannot obtain energy from the system, and the residual energy is discharged;
firstly, acquiring industrial waste heat data, judging whether high and medium temperature industrial waste heat exists, and if the waste heat temperature in the waste heat discharge pipeline is more than 200 ℃, enabling the part of waste heat to enter waste heat boiler power generation equipment for power generation so as to consume the high and medium temperature industrial waste heat; then judging whether low-temperature industrial waste heat exists or not, and if the temperature of the waste heat in the waste heat discharge pipeline is less than 200 ℃, enabling the part of waste heat to enter ORC power generation equipment for power generation, so that the low-temperature industrial waste heat is consumed; finally, discharging the waste heat which cannot be recovered in the waste heat pipeline; the specific process of the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method is as follows:
step 2.1: process for recycling high-medium temperature industrial energy waste heat (more than 200 ℃) by adopting waste heat boiler equipment
Industrial waste heat enters an industrial waste heat discharge pipe section, waste heat boiler power generation equipment extracts high and medium temperature industrial waste heat with the temperature of more than 200 ℃ from a cooling machine, and water medium in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment generates water vapor with high temperature and high pressure through the waste heat; then the steam pushes the steam turbine to do work and output mechanical energy; finally, the electric energy is converted into electric energy through a generator;
step 2.2: ORC equipment is adopted to recycle the low-temperature industrial energy waste heat (less than 200℃)
The low-temperature industrial waste heat below 200 ℃ enters an industrial waste heat discharge pipeline, and a working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump through a heat exchanger; then enters an evaporator to be evaporated into high-pressure gas; then the mixture enters an expansion device to do work through expansion, and a generator is driven to generate electricity; finally, the saturated liquid is condensed by a condenser and enters a working medium pump for boosting pressure to complete a cycle, so that the low-temperature industrial waste heat is recycled;
and step 3: establishing an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by taking exergy efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system as evaluation indexes; the evaluation optimization model optimizes steam pressure of a steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipment of the system by taking the maximum goals of system exergy efficiency and energy utilization efficiency as targetsp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j The front of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment is provided with a valve and a pressure sensor, the steam pressure of the steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment can be controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the steam valve of the steam turbine, the ORC power generation equipment changes the evaporation pressure by changing the rotating speed of the expansion equipment, and finally the efficiency and the energy utilization efficiency of the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system exergy are maximum, and the specific goals are as follows:
Max F=η 1+η 2
in the formula:η 1representing the efficiency of the industrial system exergy;η 2represents the energy utilization efficiency of an industrial system;
the efficiency formula of the evaluation optimization model exergy is as follows:
Figure 331287DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
in the formula:E p representing that the whole ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system utilizes industrial waste heat to emitexergy;E F a waste heat supply exergy representative of an industrial system;
the system utilizes exergy that the electricity that waste heat produced has, mainly contains two parts: exergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by utilizing high-temperature and medium-temperature waste heat and exergy possessed by electricity generated by the ORC power generation equipment by utilizing low-temperature waste heat have the following specific formula:
Figure 989671DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
in the formula:E EB.p.i represents the firstiexergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat of high and medium temperature by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment;E ORC.p.j represents the firstjexergy that the table ORC power plant has with the electricity generated by the low temperature waste heat;Nrepresenting the number of waste heat boiler power plants;Mrepresenting the number of ORC power generation plants;
the exergy formula of the electricity generated by the system waste heat boiler power generation equipment by utilizing the high and medium temperature waste heat is as follows:
E EB.p.i =P EB.out.i ×3600
in the formula:P EB.out.i represents the firstiThe power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler utilizes the electric quantity generated by the waste heat of high temperature and medium temperature;
the system is as followsiThe formula of the electric quantity generated by the power generation equipment of the platform waste heat boiler by utilizing the waste heat of high and medium temperature is as follows:
P EB.out.i =P EB.st.i β EB.st.i β EB.gen.i
in the formula:P EB.st.i represents the firstiUseful power output by a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment;β EB.st.i represents the firstiMechanical efficiency of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;β EB.gen.i represents the firstiGenerator in platform exhaust-heat boiler power generation equipmentEfficiency;
the system is as followsiThe useful work output by the steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment is as follows:
P EB.st.i =G EB.st.in.i (h EB.st.in.i -h EB.st.out.i )+G EB.st.add.i (h EB.st.add.i -h EB.st.out.i )
in the formula:G EB.st.in.i represents the firstiThe steam inlet flow of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;h EB.st.in.i represents the firstiThe steam inlet enthalpy value of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;h EB.st.out.i represents the firstiThe exhaust enthalpy value of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;G EB.st.add.i represents the firstiThe steam supplementing flow of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;h EB.st.add.i represents the firstiThe steam turbine steam supplementing enthalpy value in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;
the system is as followsiThe steam turbine inlet enthalpy value formula in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment is as follows:
Figure 513056DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
in the formula:T EB.st.in.i represents the firstiThe steam inlet temperature of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, namely the steam temperature;p EB.st.in.i represents the firstiThe steam inlet pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, namely the steam pressure, is controlled by adjusting a steam valve of the steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, so that the industrial waste heat utilization efficiency of the system is improved;
the system is as followsiThe relation between the steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the opening degree of a valve is as follows:
p EB.st.in.i =αl EB.st.in.i
in the formula:αthe conversion coefficient between the valve position and the steam pressure;l EB.st.in.i is the opening degree of the valve of the steam turbine;
the system is as followsiThe exhaust enthalpy value formula of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment is as follows:
Figure 942900DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
in the formula:T EB.st.out.i represents the firstiThe exhaust temperature of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;p EB.st.out.i represents the firstiThe exhaust pressure of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;
the system is as followsiThe steam turbine steam supplementing enthalpy value formula in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment is as follows:
Figure 122209DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
in the formula:T EB.st.add.i represents the firstiThe steam supplementing temperature of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;p EB.st.add.i represents the firstiSteam supplementing pressure of a steam turbine in the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;
the system is as followsjThe table ORC power plant uses the low temperature waste heat to generate electricity with the exergy formula as follows:
E ORC.p.j =P ORC.out.j ×3600
in the formula:P ORC.out.j represents the firstjThe table ORC power generation equipment utilizes the electric quantity generated by low-temperature waste heat;
the system is as followsjThe formula of the electric quantity generated by the table ORC power generation equipment by utilizing low-temperature waste heat is as follows:
P ORC.out.j= P ORC.expander.j -P ORC.pump.j
in the formula:P ORC.expander.j first, thejPower of a stage ORC power plant expansion device;P ORC.pump.j first, thejThe power of a working medium pump of the ORC power generation equipment;
the system is as followsjThe power formula for the expansion device of a table ORC power plant is as follows:
P ORC.expander.j= m ORC.expander.j (h .j4-h .j5)
in the formula:h .j 4、h .j5respectively represent working substances injEnthalpy values of an inlet and an outlet of expansion equipment in the table ORC power generation equipment;m ORC.expander.j represents the firstjExpansion device medium flow in a table ORC power plant;
the system is as followsjThe power formula of the working medium pump of the ORC power generation equipment is as follows:
P ORC.pump.j= m ORC.pump.j (h .j1-h .j7)
in the formula:h .j 1、h .j7respectively represent working substances injAn enthalpy value of an outlet of a working medium pump in the ORC power generation equipment and an enthalpy value under an ideal state;m ORC.pump.j represents the firstjMedium flow of a working medium pump in the ORC power generation equipment;
the waste heat supply exergy of the industrial system mainly comprises 3 parts: the amount of exergy provided by the waste heat boiler power plant using high and medium temperature waste heat, the amount of exergy provided by the ORC power plant using low temperature waste heat, and the amount of exergy consumed by the waste heat boiler power generation and ORC power plant power consumption;
Figure 397332DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
in the formula:E EB.F.i represents the firstiexergy provided by the power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler by using high and medium temperature waste heat;E ORC.F.j represents the firstjThe amount of exergy provided by the table ORC power plant using low temperature waste heat;E EB + ORC.d an amount exergy representing power consumption of the waste heat boiler power generation and ORC power plant;
the system is as followsiThe exergy formula of the power generation equipment of the platform waste heat boiler provided by high and medium temperature waste heat is as follows:
Figure 40803DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
in the formula:V EB.i represents entry toiThe flow rates of high and medium temperature waste heat in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment are measured; c EB.i Represents entry toiAverage specific heat capacity of high and medium temperature waste heat in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment;T EB.in.i represents the firstiThe inlet temperature of the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;T EB.out.i represents the firstiThe outlet temperature of the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;T 0 representing the ambient temperature of the waste heat boiler power plant;
the system is as followsjThe equation for the amount of exergy provided by a table ORC power plant using low temperature waste heat is as follows:
E ORC.F.j= E ORC.in.j -I ORC.j
in the formula:E ORC.in.j represents the firstjNet exergy of the stage low temperature industrial waste heat entering the ORC power plant;I ORC.j represents the firstjTotal exergy losses for a table ORC power plant;
the system is as followsjThe total exergy loss formula for a table ORC power plant is as follows:
I ORC.j =I ORC.cold.j +I ORC.heat.j +I ORC.pump.j +I ORC.expander.j
in the formula:I ORC.cold.j represents the low temperature residual heatjCondenser exergy losses in a table ORC power plant;I ORC.heat.j represents the low temperature residual heatjEvaporator exergy losses in a table ORC power plant;I ORC.pump.j represents the low temperature residual heatjWorking medium pump exergy loss in the table ORC power generation equipment;I ORC.expander.j represents the low temperature residual heatjExpansion device exergy losses in a table ORC power plant;
the system is as followsjThe condenser exergy loss equation in a table ORC power plant is as follows:
Figure 828499DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
in the formula:h .j 5、h .j1respectively represent working fluid at ORCjSpecific enthalpy of an inlet and an outlet of a condenser in the power generation equipment;s .j 5、s .j1respectively represent working substances injInlet and outlet specific entropy of a condenser in the table ORC power generation equipment;m ORC.cold.j represents the firstjCondenser medium flow in a table ORC power plant;T ORC.cold.in.j 、T ORC.cold.out.j respectively representjThe inlet and outlet temperatures of the condenser in the table ORC power plant;
the system is as followsjThe evaporator exergy loss equation in a table ORC power plant is as follows:
Figure 557421DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
in the formula:h .j 4、h .j2respectively represent working substances injInlet-outlet specific enthalpy of an evaporator in the table ORC power generation equipment;s .j 4、s .j2respectively represent working substances injThe inlet-outlet specific entropy of an evaporator in the ORC power generation equipment;m ORC.heat.j represents the firstjTable ORC power generation plantMedium flow of the evaporator in preparation;T ORC.heat.in.j 、T ORC.heat.out.j respectively representjInlet and outlet temperatures of evaporator media in a table ORC power plant;
the system is as followsjThe evaporator outlet enthalpy formula in a table ORC power plant is as follows:
Figure 636235DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
in the formula:p ORC.heat.out.j represents the firstjThe outlet pressure of an evaporator in the ORC power generation equipment, namely the steam pressure, is controlled by adjusting the rotating speed of expansion equipment in the ORC power generation equipment, so that the utilization efficiency of industrial waste heat of the system is improved;
the system is as followsjThe loss formula of working fluid pump exergy in the table ORC power generation plant is as follows:
I ORC.pump.j= m ORC.pump.j T 0( s .j 1-s .j7)
in the formula:s .j 1、s .j7respectively represent working substances injThe specific entropy of an outlet of a working medium pump in the ORC power generation equipment and the specific entropy under an ideal state;m ORC.pump.j represents the firstjMedium flow of a working medium pump in the ORC power generation equipment;
the system is as followsjThe expansion device exergy losses in a table ORC power plant are given by the formula:
I ORC.expander.j= m ORC.expander.j T 0( s .j 5-s .j4)
in the formula:s .j 4、s .j5respectively represent working substances injExpansion equipment inlet and outlet in table ORC power generation equipmentThe specific entropy of (c);m ORC.expander.j represents the firstjExpansion device medium flow in a table ORC power plant;
the expansion device medium flow formula of the system ORC power plant is as follows:
m ORC.expander.j= w ORC.expander.j ×S ORC.expander.j ×ρ ORC.expander.in.j
in the formula:w ORC.expander.j represents the firstjThe rotational speed of the table expansion device;S ORC.expander.j represents the firstjA transport area of a table expansion device;ρ ORC.expander.in.j represents the firstjThe density of the medium in the stage expansion device;
the exergy formula of the power consumption of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment in the system is as follows:
Figure 806317DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
in the formula:α EB.out.i represents the first in the systemiThe self power consumption rate of the platform waste heat boiler power generation equipment;β ORC.out.j represents the first in the systemjThe power consumption of the platform ORC power generation equipment;
the evaluation optimization model energy utilization efficiency formula is as follows:
Figure 577964DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
in the formula:H IWH.sum represents the total heat of the industrial waste heat used for power generation;
establishing a constraint condition of an evaluation optimization model; the constraint conditions comprise energy flow balance between each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and ORC power generation equipment and steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporating pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantForce ofp ORC.heat.out.j Upper and lower bound thresholds are met;
and 4, step 4: solving is carried out on an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by adopting a wolf colony algorithm, and the specific flow is shown in figure 4 to obtain the steam pressure of a steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Obtaining an optimal value, and obtaining the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment;
step 4.1: inputting basic parameters of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment, including equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, length of heat exchange tubes in a condenser, randomly initializing spatial coordinates of a wolf pack in a solution space and maximum iteration timesT max The variable number of the variable number comprises steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j ；
Step 4.2: selecting the best artificial wolf as the head wolf according to the objective function, and recording the objective function asF max Then, the artificial wolf with the largest target value except the wolf is used as a detecting wolf, the walking behavior is started, if the objective function value of a certain position is found to be larger than the objective function value of the wolf, the position of the wolf is updated, and meanwhile the wolf gives out a calling behavior; if the detected wolf is not found, the wolf continues to swim until the maximum number of the wandering times is reached, and the wolf sends out a calling behavior at the original position, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 528602DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
in the formula:
Figure 598058DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
a walk step size for executing a walk action for the wolf;hrepresenting the direction of the wolf walking;p=1,2,...,h；x id before the representative wolvesThe position of (a);
Figure 950542DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
representing exploring wolfiTo the firstpAfter wandering in one directiondA location updated by the dimensional space;
step 4.3: listening that the wolf of fierce warns called by the wolf of head rushes to the wolf of head, starting a rushing behavior, and if the objective function value of the wolf of fierce warns in the rushing way is larger than the objective function value of the wolf of head rushes, updating the position of the wolf of head; otherwise, the wolf of lady will continue to rush until entering the attack range, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 893090DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
in the formula:
Figure 268708DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
is as followskThe artificial wolf head is on the first placedA position in dimensional space;
Figure 689325DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
a wolf of lady rushing step size when performing a summoning behavior for a wolf of capitulum;
Figure 161895DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
is as followsiRoot of Chinese wolfk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
step 4.4: the wolf of terry close to the wolf jointly explores the wolf (regarding the wolf position as the prey), and if the objective function value of other artificial wolfs is larger than that of the wolf in the process of enclosure, the wolf position is updated until the prey is captured, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 462295DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
in the formula:
Figure 387526DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
；
Figure 611834DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
the containment step length of the containment attack behavior is carried out for the exploration wolf and the fierce wolf;
Figure 876593DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
first, thekSubstituted for artificial wolf on the firstdA position in dimensional space;
Figure 160944DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is as followsiA wolf of fierce or wolf of spyk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
walk step length of the solution method
Figure 573470DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Running step length
Figure 522841DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Step length of enclosure
Figure 704423DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
The relationship is as follows:
Figure 894096DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
in the formula: [d min,d max]Represents the variable ofdA dimensional value range;Srepresents a step size factor;
step 4.5: with minimum value of objective function in eliminated wolf groupHA artificial wolf and randomly generating a new wolf in the solution spaceHThe artificial wolf realizes the update of the wolf group,
Figure 731602DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
，His a random integer and is a non-linear integer,βthe scale factor is updated for the wolf pack,nthe total number of the artificial wolfs;
step 4.6: judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, if so, outputting an optimal value, and if not, skipping to the step 4.2;
and 5: the structure diagram of the control structure of the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system of the embodiment is shown in FIG. 5 according to the steam pressure of the steam turbine in the optimized waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Parameters are respectively used for the opening degree of a steam turbine valve in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by adopting an H infinity controller through a DSP devicel EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j Controlling;
step 5.1: calculating steam pressure of steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipment according to wolf group algorithmp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j An optimal set value;
step 5.2: h infinity controller real-time adjustment exhaust-heat boiler power generation equipment steam turbine valve opening when industrial exhaust-heat mass flow goes out to disturbl EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j To ensure the steam pressure of the steam turbine in the power generation equipment of the waste heat boilerp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j The heat pump is stabilized at an optimal value, and the economical efficiency of industrial waste heat utilization is improved;
the H-infinity controller model of the system satisfies the following inequality:
Figure 297713DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
in the formula:γ>0, representing the interference suppression coefficient;Q、Rrepresenting a system coefficient matrix;x=[p EB.st.in.i ,p ORC.heat.out.j ] T is a controlled variable in the system;u=[l EB.st.in.i ,w ORC.exp.ander.j ]is an operating variable in the system;w=[ΔG EB.st.in.i ,Δm ORC.heat.j ]is a system disturbance;
step 6: calling a system software platform, wherein a login interface of the system platform of the embodiment is as shown in fig. 6, a user name, a password and a verification code are firstly input, and if the verification code is input incorrectly, the user name, the password and the verification code are input again; if the input password is incorrect, the password needs to be input again. Locking the user for 5min when the password of the user is wrong for three times, retrieving the password through a mailbox or a telephone after 5min, and logging in again; if the input wrong password is not three times, the password is correct, the user directly enters a system software platform, the industrial user selects corresponding functions according to actual requirements, the functions comprise equipment information, equipment running state, historical data storage, display analysis and alarm, the industrial user performs functional operation, and finally ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization is completed.
The structural interface of the ORC-based industrial energy cascade power supply system of the present embodiment is shown in fig. 7, and the interface comprises 1 structural diagram and 5 functional buttons: the industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system comprises a structure diagram of an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, an equipment information button, an equipment running state button, a historical data storage and display analysis button and an alarm button; the system structure diagram sequentially comprises industrial waste heat, waste heat boiler power generation equipment and ORC power generation equipment; the power, temperature and pressure sensors are arranged at the outlet of the industrial waste heat initial pipeline and are used for detecting the output power, temperature and pressure of the industrial waste heat; the waste heat boiler power generation equipment input and output sensors are provided with power, temperature and pressure sensors, and are used for detecting waste heat power, power generation power, temperature and pressure consumed by the waste heat boiler; a steam valve and a pressure sensor are arranged in front of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, the steam valve of the steam turbine in the heat boiler power generation equipment is used for adjusting steam pressure of the steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, and the steam turbine pressure sensor in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment is used for detecting steam pressure of the steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment; the input and output sensors of the ORC power generation equipment are used for detecting the power, temperature and pressure of the waste heat power consumed by the waste heat boiler; a power sensor is arranged at the tail of the pipeline and used for detecting the final discharge power of the industrial waste heat;
the system platform device information part interface diagram of the embodiment is shown in fig. 8, and the interface mainly performs 2 function queries: the specific parameter information of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the specific parameter information of the ORC power generation equipment are inquired, so that an industrial user can conveniently and comprehensively know the specific parameter information of each equipment;
the system platform device operation state interface diagram of this embodiment is shown in fig. 9, and the interface mainly can perform 2 function queries: the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment are convenient for users to comprehensively understand the running states of the equipment; the operation conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment comprise prediction of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment, actual operation conditions, sensor working conditions and daily industrial waste heat utilization conditions; respectively displaying the predicted and actual operating conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment in a graph display mode, wherein the abscissa is time, and the ordinate is the input waste heat power, the predicted output power and the actual value of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment at the corresponding time; displaying the industrial waste heat condition by adopting a pie chart display mode, wherein the industrial waste heat condition comprises 3 parts of high-temperature waste heat power generation, low-temperature waste heat power generation and waste heat emission;
as shown in fig. 10, the system platform historical data storage and display analysis interface diagram of the embodiment transmits various data to the system platform through a sensor, and displays the data in a table form, where a first column of the system platform is time, a second column is followed by industrial waste heat, waste heat consumed by a waste heat boiler, power generated by a waste heat boiler power generation device, waste heat consumed by an ORC power generation device, and a power value generated by the ORC power generation device, and a last column is system energy utilization efficiency, and a time when the system energy efficiency is the highest and a corresponding energy efficiency are given at the same time; the industrial user can select to view the historical data at any time of the day, the previous three days, the previous week and the previous month for viewing and analyzing according to the actual requirement;
the system platform alarm interface of this embodiment is shown in fig. 11, and mainly uses the temperature and the air pressure of each device as a response, and if the temperature and the air pressure of any device exceed the threshold values, the system platform will alarm and the system device will be turned off, so that the industrial user can quickly find out the abnormal condition of the system.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the disclosure and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also encompasses other embodiments in which any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept as defined above. For example, the above features and (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.

Claims (4)

1. An ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system is characterized by comprising waste heat boiler power generation equipment, ORC power generation equipment, a computer, a sensor, an AD conversion circuit and a DSP;
the sensors comprise temperature, pressure and power sensors, are arranged at the positions of a superheater and a steam turbine condenser in waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the positions of a working medium pump, an evaporator, an expander and a condenser in ORC power generation equipment, acquire basic operation data of the ORC power generation equipment and the waste heat boiler equipment, transmit the basic operation data to the input end of the AD conversion circuit, and transmit output signals of the basic operation data to the DSP and wirelessly transmit the output signals to a computer through GPRS;
the computer is a system software platform and comprises a user login module, an equipment information module, an equipment running state module, a historical data storage and display analysis module and an alarm module;
the user login module completes user login operation by inputting correct system user name, password and verification code, and enters an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structural interface based on ORC; the equipment information module displays the collected parameter information of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment; the equipment running state module displays the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment which are acquired by the sensors; the system comprises a historical data storage and display analysis module, a computer software platform and an alarm module, wherein the historical data storage and display analysis module transmits data to the computer software platform through a sensor and displays the data in a table form, the first column of the table is time, the second column of the table is sequentially followed by industrial waste heat, waste heat consumed by a waste heat boiler, power generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment, waste heat consumed by ORC power generation equipment, and power generated by the ORC power generation equipment, and the last column of the table is system overall energy utilization efficiency, the alarm module responds to the temperature and air pressure of each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and each ORC power generation equipment, and the system software platform alarms when the temperature and the air pressure of the equipment exceed set threshold values.
2. The ORC-based industrial energy cascade power supply system of claim 1, wherein the base operational data comprises equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, heat exchange tube length in the condenser, and industrial waste heat data.
3. An ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply method is realized according to the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: establishing an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system, and determining an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structure, wherein the structure comprises a waste heat boiler power generation device and an ORC power generation device;
step 2: according to the ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system structure, determining an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method, realizing temperature matching according to the temperature and the quantity of industrial waste heat and the requirement, performing cascade utilization, and reducing the temperature of the waste heat step by step until the waste heat power generation equipment cannot obtain energy from the system, and discharging the residual;
and step 3: establishing an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by taking exergy efficiency and energy utilization efficiency of an industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system as evaluation indexes; the exergy efficiency formula of the evaluation optimization model is as follows:
Figure 250986DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
in the formula:E p exergy representing the power generated by the whole ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply system by utilizing industrial waste heat;E F a waste heat supply exergy representative of an industrial system;
whereinE p Comprises two parts: exergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by utilizing high-temperature waste heat and medium-temperature waste heat, and exergy possessed by electricity generated by the ORC power generation equipment by utilizing low-temperature waste heat have the following specific formula:
Figure 740873DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
in the formula:E EB.p.i represents the firstiexergy possessed by electricity generated by the waste heat of high and medium temperature by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment;E ORC.p.j represents the firstjexergy that the table ORC power plant has with the electricity generated by the low temperature waste heat;Nrepresenting the number of waste heat boiler power plants;Mrepresenting the number of ORC power generation plants;
E F comprises 3 parts: the specific formula of exergy amount provided by the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by using high and medium temperature waste heat, exergy amount provided by the ORC power generation equipment by using low temperature waste heat, and exergy amount consumed by the waste heat boiler power generation and ORC power generation equipment is as follows:
Figure 599108DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
in the formula:E EB.F.i represents the firstiexergy provided by the power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler by using high and medium temperature waste heat;E ORC.F.j represents the firstjThe amount of exergy provided by the table ORC power plant using low temperature waste heat;E EB+ORC.d an amount exergy representing power consumption of the waste heat boiler power generation and ORC power plant;E EB.p.i =P EB.out.i ×3600，P EB.out.i represents the firstiThe power generation equipment of the waste heat boiler utilizes the electric quantity generated by the waste heat of high temperature and medium temperature;E ORC.p.j =P ORC.out.j ×3600，P ORC.out.j represents the firstjThe table ORC power generation equipment utilizes the electric quantity generated by low-temperature waste heat;
the energy utilization efficiency formula of the evaluation optimization model is as follows:
Figure 758825DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
in the formula:H IWH.sum represents the total heat of the industrial waste heat used for power generation;
establishing constraint conditions of the evaluation optimization model, wherein the constraint conditions comprise energy flow balance between each waste heat boiler power generation equipment and ORC power generation equipment and steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j Upper and lower bound thresholds are met;
and 4, step 4: solving an ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization method evaluation optimization model by adopting a wolf colony algorithm to obtain steam pressure of a steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Obtaining an optimal value, and obtaining the running conditions of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment;
and 5: generating power according to optimized waste heat boilerSteam pressure of steam turbine in plantp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j Parameters are respectively used for the opening degree of a steam turbine valve in the waste heat boiler power generation equipment by adopting an H infinity controller through a DSP devicel EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j Controlling;
step 5.1: calculating steam pressure of steam turbine in waste heat boiler power generation equipment according to wolf group algorithmp * EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp * ORC.heat.out.j An optimal set value;
step 5.2: h infinity controller real-time adjustment exhaust-heat boiler power generation equipment steam turbine valve opening when industrial exhaust-heat mass flow goes out to disturbl EB.st.in.i And the rotational speed of the expansion device in the ORC power plantw ORC.exp ander.j To ensure the steam pressure of the steam turbine in the power generation equipment of the waste heat boilerp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j The heat pump is stabilized at an optimal value, and the economical efficiency of industrial waste heat utilization is improved;
the H-infinity controller model of the system satisfies the following inequality:
Figure 436931DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
in the formula:γ>0, representing the interference suppression coefficient;Q、Rrepresenting a system coefficient matrix;x=[p EB.st.in.i ,p ORC.heat.out.j ] T is a controlled variable in the system;u=[l EB.st.in.i ,w ORC.exp.ander.j ]is an operating variable in the system;w=[ΔG EB.st.in.i ,Δm ORC.heat.j ]is a system disturbance;
step 6: calling a system software platform, inputting a user name, a password and a verification code, and re-inputting if the verification code is input incorrectly; if the input password is incorrect, the password needs to be input again; locking the user for 5min when the password of the user is wrong for three times, retrieving the password through a mailbox or a telephone after 5min, and logging in again; if the input wrong password is not three times, the password is correct, the system directly enters a system software platform, an industrial user selects corresponding functions according to actual requirements, wherein the functions comprise equipment information, equipment running state, historical data storage, display analysis and alarm, the industrial user performs functional operation, and finally ORC-based industrial energy cascade utilization power supply is completed.
4. The ORC-based step power supply method for industrial energy, according to claim 2, wherein: the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: inputting basic parameters of the waste heat boiler power generation equipment and the ORC power generation equipment, including equipment installed capacity, working medium type, design temperature, equipment volume, length of heat exchange tubes in a condenser, randomly initializing spatial coordinates of a wolf pack in a solution space and maximum iteration timesT max The variable number of the variable number comprises steam pressure of a steam turbine in the waste heat boiler power generation equipmentp EB.st.in.i And the evaporation pressure of the evaporator in the ORC power plantp ORC.heat.out.j ；
Step 4.2: selecting the best artificial wolf as the head wolf according to the objective function, and recording the objective function asF max Then, the artificial wolf with the largest target value except the wolf is used as a detecting wolf, the walking behavior is started, if the objective function value of a certain position is found to be larger than the objective function value of the wolf, the position of the wolf is updated, and meanwhile the wolf gives out a calling behavior; if the detected wolf is not found, the wolf continues to swim until the maximum number of the wandering times is reached, and the wolf sends out a calling behavior at the original position, wherein the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 996088DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
in the formula:
Figure 567884DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
a walk step size for executing a walk action for the wolf;hrepresenting the direction of the wolf walking;p=1,2,...,h；x id representing the position before the wolf visit;
Figure 554294DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
representing exploring wolfiTo the firstpAfter wandering in one directiondA location updated by the dimensional space;
step 4.3: listening that the wolf of fierce warns called by the wolf of head rushes to the wolf of head, starting a rushing behavior, and if the objective function value of the wolf of fierce warns in the rushing way is larger than the objective function value of the wolf of head rushes, updating the position of the wolf of head; otherwise, the wolf of lady will continue to rush until entering the attack range, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 454117DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
in the formula:
Figure 161173DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
is as followskThe artificial wolf head is on the first placedA position in dimensional space;
Figure 994000DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
a wolf of lady rushing step size when performing a summoning behavior for a wolf of capitulum;
Figure 885733DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
is as followsiRoot of Chinese wolfk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
step 4.4: the wolf of terry close to the wolf jointly explores the wolf (regarding the wolf position as the prey), and if the objective function value of other artificial wolfs is larger than that of the wolf in the process of enclosure, the wolf position is updated until the prey is captured, and the specific formula is as follows:
Figure 397486DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
in the formula:
Figure 32866DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
；
Figure 720200DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
the containment step length of the containment attack behavior is carried out for the exploration wolf and the fierce wolf;
Figure 658200DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
first, thekSubstituted for artificial wolf on the firstdA position in dimensional space;
Figure 532615DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
is as followsiA wolf of fierce or wolf of spyk+1 time indThe location of the dimensional space;
walk step length of the solution method
Figure 971686DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
Running step length
Figure 372581DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
Step length of enclosure
Figure 606116DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
The relationship is as follows:
Figure 233406DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
in the formula: [d min,d max]Represents the variable ofdA dimensional value range;Srepresents a step size factor;
step 4.5: with minimum value of objective function in eliminated wolf groupHA artificial wolf and randomly generating a new wolf in the solution spaceHThe artificial wolf realizes the update of the wolf group,
Figure 85956DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
，His a random integer and is a non-linear integer,βthe scale factor is updated for the wolf pack,nthe total number of the artificial wolfs;
step 4.6: and judging whether the maximum iteration times is reached, if so, outputting an optimal value, and if not, skipping to the step 4.2.
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