CN112793467B - Control method and system for power battery of electric vehicle and storage medium - Google Patents

Control method and system for power battery of electric vehicle and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112793467B
CN112793467B CN201911104089.5A CN201911104089A CN112793467B CN 112793467 B CN112793467 B CN 112793467B CN 201911104089 A CN201911104089 A CN 201911104089A CN 112793467 B CN112793467 B CN 112793467B
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power
battery
closed
maximum allowable
loop control
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CN112793467A (en
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贺辉
李强
苏昊
文武
罗宇亮
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Gac Aion New Energy Vehicle Co ltd
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GAC Aion New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method of a power battery of an electric automobile, a system and a storage medium thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: real-time acquisition of maximum charging power P allowed by battery 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 (ii) a According to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on battery power, when the difference value T is 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery charging power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable charging power P is smaller than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the discharge power of the battery when the maximum allowable discharge power P is less than a second preset value 42 (ii) a Requesting charging power P according to the maximum allowable of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work. By implementing the invention, the problems of overcharge and overdischarge of the power battery of the electric automobile under different conditions can be solved.

Description

Control method and system for power battery of electric vehicle and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a power battery of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a method and a system for controlling a power battery of an electric vehicle, and a storage medium.
Background
As a core component of an electric automobile, the overcharge and the overdischarge of a power battery have a remarkable influence on the service life of the power battery, and even the safety of a user in the automobile is influenced. As the brain of the electric automobile, the quality of a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) plays a crucial role in the problems of battery overcharge and overdischarge. In the existing open-loop control, the VCU can not adjust the output current of the battery according to the aspects of different temperatures, voltages under different electric quantities, different service times and the like, and the problem of over-charging or over-discharging of an automobile in the subsequent long-time use process can not be ensured. In the existing partial closed-loop control, closed-loop adjustment is carried out only when the problem of overcharge or overdischarge of the battery is detected, and certain damage is caused to the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method, a system and a storage medium for a power battery of an electric automobile, so as to solve the problems of overcharge and overdischarge of the power battery of the electric automobile under different conditions.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a power battery of an electric vehicle, including:
real-time acquisition of maximum charging power P allowed by battery 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
According to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on battery power, when the difference value T is 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the charging power of the battery when the maximum allowable charging power P is less than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the discharge power of the battery when the maximum allowable discharge power P is less than a second preset value 42 ；
Requesting charging power P according to the maximum allowable of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
Wherein, the battery charging power closed-loop control comprises:
setting the maximum charging power P allowed at the current moment 31 Is gradually increased from the value of P 21 Smooth transition to P 11 And with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 The difference value of the VCU is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result, and the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is determined according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 ；
The battery discharge power closed-loop control comprises:
setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current moment 32 Is gradually changed from P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 And with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 Is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result, and determines the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 。
Wherein the charging closed-loop control result comprises a charging integral component P P1 And a charging proportion component P i1 ；
Determining the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 The method comprises the following steps: obtaining and obtaining the maximum charging power P allowed by the battery 11 And the difference value T 1 Corresponding feed forward control allowable charging power P k1 And based on said charge integral component P P1 Proportional component of charging P i1 The feed-forward control allows the charging power P k1 And formula P 41 ＝P P1 +P i1 +P k1 Calculating the maximum allowable requested charging power P of the VCU 41 ；
Wherein the discharge closed-loop control result comprises a discharge integral component P P2 And discharge proportional component P i2 ；
Determining the maximum allowable discharge power P of VCU according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 22 Sum and difference value T 2 Corresponding feed forward control allowable discharge power P k2 And according to said discharge integral component P P2 Discharge proportional component P i2 The feed forward control allows the discharge power P k2 And formula P 42 ＝P P2 +P i2 +P k2 Calculating the maximum allowable discharge power P of VCU 42 。
Wherein controlling electric drive system operation according to the maximum allowed requested power of the VCU comprises:
acquiring the actual rotating speed of the current motor;
determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotating speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable request discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
determining a torque control value N according to the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and a driver required torque N2, where N = min (N1, N2);
and generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control N, and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
Wherein, still include:
in the process of carrying out battery charging power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 1 When the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value;
in the process of carrying out battery discharge power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 2 And when the current is less than the fourth preset value, the battery discharge power closed-loop control is exited, wherein the second preset value is less than the fourth preset value.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power battery control system for an electric vehicle, including:
a difference value obtaining unit for obtaining the maximum charging power P allowed by the battery in real time 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed for the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
A first control unit for controlling the first and second switches according to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on battery power, when the difference value T is 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the charging power of the battery when the maximum allowable charging power P is less than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery discharge power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable discharge power P is smaller than a second preset value 42 ；
A second control unit for requesting charging power P according to the maximum allowable of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
Wherein the first control unit includes:
a charging closed-loop control unit for setting the maximum charging allowed at the current timePower P 31 Is gradually increased from the value of P 21 Smooth transition to P 11 And with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 The difference value of the VCU is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result, and the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is determined according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 ；
A discharge closed-loop control unit for setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current time 32 Is gradually increased from the value of P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 And with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 The difference value of the VCU is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result, and the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is determined according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 。
Wherein the second control unit includes:
the rotating speed obtaining unit is used for obtaining the actual rotating speed of the current motor;
a torque conversion unit for determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotation speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable request discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
a torque determination unit for determining a torque control value N, where N = min (N1, N2), from the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and a driver required torque N2;
and the command generation unit is used for generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control N and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
Wherein the first control unit further comprises:
a charge withdrawal closed-loop unit for obtaining the difference T in real time during the closed-loop control of the battery charge power 1 When the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value;
a discharge closed-loop unit for obtaining the difference T in real time during the closed-loop control of the battery discharge power 2 Less than a fourth preset valueAnd when the battery discharge power closed-loop control is exited, wherein the second preset value is smaller than the fourth preset value.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the electric vehicle power battery control method according to the embodiment.
The embodiment of the invention provides a control method and a system for a power battery of an electric vehicle and a computer readable storage medium thereof, which limit the power to be output by the battery according to the actual charging and discharging power of the power battery and the maximum charging and discharging power allowed by the battery, ensure that the actual charging and discharging power of the power battery does not exceed the limit, solve the problem that a VCU (virtual control unit) cannot adjust the output current of the battery according to the aspects of different temperatures, battery voltages under different electric quantities, different use times and the like in the existing open-loop control, and solve the problem of a small amount of overcharge or overdischarge in the existing closed-loop control.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings. Of course, it is not necessary for any product or method to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time for practicing the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling a power battery of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a framework of a power battery control system of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures closely related to the solution according to the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not so much related to the present invention are omitted.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for controlling a power battery of an electric vehicle, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method, and referring to fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
step S101, obtaining the maximum allowable charging power P of the battery in real time 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
Specifically, the actual charging power P of the battery is acquired in real time during the running process of the vehicle 21 Or actual discharge power P of the battery 11 The method comprises the following steps that the method corresponds to a charging process and a discharging process in the running process of a vehicle respectively, wherein for a power battery, when an accelerator is stepped to accelerate, a driving motor converts electric energy into kinetic energy to drive the vehicle, and the battery outputs power which is discharging; braking is stepped on for deceleration, the driving motor converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy to be stored in the battery, and the battery inputs power, namely charging.
Obtaining the actual charging power P of the battery 21 Or actual discharge power P of the battery 11 Then, the maximum allowable charging power P of the power battery is compared 11 With fruitActual charging power P of inter-cell 21 Difference value T of 1 I.e. P 11 Minus P 21 To obtain a difference value T 1 Or comparing the maximum allowable discharge power P of the power battery 12 Actual discharge power P of actual battery 22 Difference value T of 2 I.e. P 12 Minus P 22 To obtain a difference value T 2 (ii) a Wherein the actual charging power P of the battery 21 Or actual discharge power P of the battery 11 May be provided by a Battery Management System (BMS) of the vehicle.
Step S102, according to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on the battery power when the difference value T 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery charging power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable charging power P is smaller than a first preset value 41 When difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the discharge power of the battery when the maximum allowable discharge power P is less than a second preset value 42 ；
Specifically, in the step, the first preset value sets the distance between the actual charging power of the vehicle power battery and the maximum allowable charging power of the battery, and the second preset value sets the distance between the actual discharging power of the vehicle power battery and the maximum allowable discharging power of the battery.
In step S102, the difference T obtained in step S101 is determined 1 Or the difference T 2 And whether or not it is less than the corresponding preset threshold value, i.e. when the difference value T is in the course of charging 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery charging power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable charging power P is smaller than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 1 When the voltage is greater than or equal to a first preset value, the closed-loop control of the charging power of the battery is not started; during the discharge process, when the difference value T is 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery discharge power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable discharge power P is smaller than a second preset value 42 When the difference value T 2 And when the voltage is larger than or equal to a second preset value, the battery discharge power closed-loop control is not started.
Step S103, charging power P is requested according to the maximum allowance of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
Specifically, the present embodiment obtains the maximum allowable requested charging power P of the VCU according to the actual charging and discharging power of the power battery and the maximum allowable charging and discharging power of the battery 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 The method is used for limiting the charging power or the discharging power to be output by the power battery of the vehicle, thereby ensuring that the actual charging and discharging power of the power battery does not exceed the limit, and solving the problems that the VCU in the existing open-loop control can not adjust the output current of the battery according to the aspects of different temperatures, battery voltages under different electric quantities, different use times and the like, and the small amount of overcharge or overdischarge problems in the existing closed-loop control.
In one embodiment, the battery charging power closed-loop control specifically includes:
step S201, setting the maximum charging power P allowed at the current moment 31 Gradually from the current time instant actual charging power P of the battery 21 Smooth transition to maximum allowable charging power P of battery 11 ；
Specifically, after entering the charging closed-loop control, the current actual charging power P of the battery is firstly determined in the step 21 Is set to the maximum charging power P allowed at the present moment 31 Then on the basis of this, P is set 31 Gradual smooth transition to P 11 (ii) a Meanwhile, the maximum charging power P allowed at the current moment is calculated 31 When the battery actually consumes power P 21 When descending, P is 21 Is set to P 31 And the input parameter mutation of the PI control target is avoided, so that the control system is unstable.
Step S202, with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 The difference value is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result;
step S203, determining the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU according to the charging closed loop control result 41 。
Specifically, the charging closed-loop control method may be PI control, PID control, or the like, and in the present embodiment, closed-loop PI control is preferably adopted, so that two components, i.e., an integral component and a proportional component, can be obtained after PI control.
In one embodiment, the battery discharge power closed-loop control specifically includes:
step S301, setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current moment 32 Is gradually increased from the value of P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 ；
Specifically, after entering the discharge closed-loop control, the current actual discharge power P of the battery is firstly determined in the step 22 Is set to the maximum discharge power P allowed at the present moment 32 Then on the basis of this, P is set 32 Gradual smooth transition to P 12 (ii) a At the same time, the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current moment is calculated 32 When the battery actually consumes power P 22 When descending, P is 22 Is set to P 32 And the input parameter mutation of the PI control target is avoided, so that the control system is not stable.
Step S302, with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 The difference value is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result;
step S303, determining the maximum allowable discharging power P of VCU according to the discharging closed-loop control result 42 。
Specifically, the discharge closed-loop control method may be PI control, PID control, or the like, and in the present embodiment, closed-loop PI control is preferably adopted, so that two components, i.e., an integral component and a proportional component, can be obtained after PI control.
In one embodiment, the charging closed-loop control result comprises a charging integral component P P1 And a charging ratio component P i1 。
Wherein, the step S203 specifically includes:
step S401, obtaining and allowing maximum charging power P of the battery 11 Sum and difference value T 1 Corresponding feed forward control allows charging power P k1 ；
Specifically, the PI control scheme of the embodiment calculates the maximum allowable charge request of the VCUDuring electric power, the feedforward control parameter is added, and the overshoot of the system when the charging closed-loop control is just started can be obviously reduced. When the PI feedforward control parameter is set, a two-dimensional table lookup table can be used for storing P 11 As X-axis input to the lookup table, P 11 -P 21 The difference value of the sum of the first and second power values is used as Y-axis input, and the feedforward control allowable charging power P of the PI control can be obtained by looking up a table k1 . Wherein the principle of calibrating the two-dimensional table is P 11 -P 21 The larger the difference of (A), the larger P k1 The larger the difference, the smaller the difference, the larger P k1 The smaller.
Step S402, according to the charging integral component P P1 Charge proportional component P i1 The feed forward control allows the charging power P k1 And formula P 41 ＝P P1 +P i1 +P k1 Calculating the maximum allowable requested charging power P of the VCU 41 。
In one embodiment, the discharge closed-loop control result comprises a discharge integral component P P2 And discharge proportional component P i2 。
Wherein, the step S303 specifically includes:
step S501, obtaining the maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 22 And the difference value T 2 Corresponding feed forward control allowable discharge power P k2 ；
Specifically, when the PI control scheme of the embodiment calculates the maximum allowable requested discharge power of the VCU, the feedforward control parameter is increased, so that the system overshoot amount at the time of just entering the discharge closed-loop control can be significantly reduced. When the PI feedforward control parameter is set, a two-dimensional table lookup table can be used for storing P 12 As X-axis input to the lookup table, P 12 -P 22 The difference of (a) is taken as the Y-axis input, the feedforward control allowable discharge power P of PI control can be obtained by looking up a table k2 . Wherein the principle of calibrating the two-dimensional table is P 12 -P 22 The larger the difference of (A), the larger P k2 The larger the difference, the smaller the difference, the larger P k2 The smaller.
Step S502, according to the discharge integral component P P2 Discharge proportional component P i2 Feed forward controlControl of permissible discharge power P k2 And formula P 42 ＝P P2 +P i2 +P k2 Calculating the maximum allowable discharge power P of VCU 42 。
In one embodiment, controlling electric drive system operation based on the maximum allowable requested power of the VCU comprises:
step S601, acquiring the actual rotating speed of the current motor;
step S602, determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotating speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
step S603 of determining a torque control value N, where N = min (N1, N2), from the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and the driver required torque N2;
and step S604, generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control N, and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
Specifically, the calculated maximum allowable requested charging power or maximum allowable requested discharging power is converted into a maximum allowable requested torque limit value N1 in combination with the current actual rotation speed of the electric motor, and the maximum allowable requested torque limit value N1 is a maximum allowable requested torque limit value in the charging process or a maximum allowable requested torque limit value in the discharging process.
And (3) taking the minimum value of the calculated torque limit value N1 and the required torque N2 of the driver as a final torque control value N, generating a corresponding control command and sending the control command to an electric driving system, and controlling the electric driving system to execute the electric driving control command, so that the aim that the actual charging and discharging power of the power battery does not exceed the maximum allowable charging and discharging power of the power battery is fulfilled. The vehicle torque is the torque output by the engine from the crankshaft end, and is in inverse proportion to the engine rotation speed under the condition of fixed power, and the faster the rotation speed, the smaller the torque, and the larger the torque, and the load capacity of the automobile in a certain range is reflected. In the charging process, braking is stepped on for deceleration, a driving motor converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy to be stored in a battery, and the battery inputs power; in the discharging process, when an accelerator is stepped on for acceleration, the driving motor converts electric energy into kinetic energy to drive a vehicle, and the battery outputs power. It can be understood that the present embodiment finally realizes the limitation of the charging and discharging power of the power battery by limiting the vehicle torque.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
in the process of carrying out battery charging power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 1 When the current value is less than a third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is less than the third preset value;
specifically, in order to prevent the control system from entering and exiting the charging closed-loop control frequently, the third preset value for exiting the charging closed-loop control is set to be greater than the first preset value for entering the charging closed-loop control.
In the process of carrying out battery discharge power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 2 When the current value is less than a fourth preset value, the battery discharge power closed-loop control is exited, wherein the second preset value is less than the fourth preset value;
specifically, in order to prevent the control system from entering and exiting the discharge closed-loop control frequently, the third preset value for exiting the discharge closed-loop control is set to be greater than the first preset value for entering the discharge closed-loop control.
Based on the content of this embodiment, the method of this embodiment sets a power closed-loop control interval according to the maximum allowable charge and discharge power of the power battery and the actual charge and discharge power of the power battery, and the closed-loop control starts to operate only when the actual output power of the power battery enters the interval. In the process of charge and discharge closed-loop control, a target power curve for smooth transition from the actual charge and discharge power of the battery to the maximum allowable charge and discharge power of the battery is set at first, and the target power curve is used as a control target in the following PI control process, so that the actual charge and discharge power of the battery can be effectively controlled not to exceed the maximum allowable value, and the problems of a small amount of overcharge and overdischarge existing in the existing scheme are solved.
Example two
An embodiment of the present invention provides a power battery control system of an electric vehicle, and fig. 2 is a schematic frame diagram of the system according to the second embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the system includes:
a difference value obtaining unit 1 for obtaining the maximum charging power P allowed by the battery in real time 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed for the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
A first control unit 2 for determining the difference T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on battery power, when the difference value T is 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery charging power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable charging power P is smaller than a first preset value 41 When difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the discharge power of the battery when the maximum allowable discharge power P is less than a second preset value 42 ；
A second control unit 3 for requesting charging power P according to the maximum allowable of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
Wherein the first control unit includes:
a charging closed-loop control unit 21 for setting the maximum charging power P allowed at the current time 31 Is gradually increased from the value of P 21 Smooth transition to P 11 And with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 Is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result, and determines the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 ；
A discharge closed-loop control unit 23 for setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current moment 32 Is gradually increased from the value of P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 And with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 Is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result, and determines the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 。
Wherein the second control unit 3 comprises:
a rotation speed obtaining unit 31, configured to obtain an actual rotation speed of the current motor;
a torque conversion unit 32 for determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotation speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
a torque determination unit 33 for determining a torque control value N, where N = min (N1, N2), from the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and a driver required torque N2;
and the command generating unit 34 is used for generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control N and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
Wherein the first control unit 2 further comprises:
a charge withdrawal loop unit 22 for withdrawing the difference T obtained in real time during the closed-loop control of the battery charge power 1 When the current value is less than a third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is less than the third preset value;
a discharge loop closing unit 24 for obtaining the real-time difference T during the closed-loop control of the battery discharge power 2 And when the current is less than the fourth preset value, the battery discharge power closed-loop control is exited, wherein the second preset value is less than the fourth preset value.
It should be noted that the system described in the second embodiment corresponds to the method described in the first embodiment, and therefore, the parts of the system described in the second embodiment that are not described in detail can be obtained by referring to the method described in the first embodiment. It should be understood that the division of the functional modules of the system according to the second embodiment does not constitute a limitation of the division of the physical modules, and is a system framework corresponding to the method according to the first embodiment, and a plurality of functional modules can be integrated into one functional module to implement a plurality of functions.
It is to be noted that, based on the content, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented by software and necessary general hardware, and certainly, can also be implemented by hardware, but the former is a better implementation mode in many cases. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention or portions thereof contributing to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a FLASH Memory (FLASH), a hard disk or an optical disk of a computer, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to implement the method/system according to the embodiments of the present invention.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method for the power battery of the electric vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
The foregoing is directed to embodiments of the present invention, and it is understood that various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A control method for a power battery of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
real-time acquisition of maximum charging power P allowed by battery 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed for the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
According to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on battery power, when the difference value T is 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the charging power of the battery when the maximum allowable charging power P is less than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery discharge power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable discharge power P is smaller than a second preset value 42 ；
Charging power P according to the maximum allowable request of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
2. The control method of the power battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein the closed-loop control of the battery charging power comprises:
setting the maximum charging power P allowed at the current moment 31 Is gradually increased from the value of P 21 Smooth transition to P 11 And with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 The difference value of the VCU is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result, and the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is determined according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 ；
The battery discharge power closed-loop control comprises:
setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current moment 32 Is gradually changed from P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 And with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 Is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result, and determines the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 。
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the charging closed-loop control result comprises a charging integral component P P1 And a charging proportion component P i1 ；
Determining the maximum allowable charging power P of VCU according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 The method comprises the following steps: obtaining and the maximum charging power P allowed by the battery 11 And the difference value T 1 Corresponding feed forward control allows charging power P k1 And based on said charge integral component P P1 Proportional component of charging P i1 The feed-forward control allows the charging power P k1 And formula P 41 ＝P P1 +P i1 +P k1 Calculating the maximum allowable requested charging power P of the VCU 41 ；
Wherein the discharge closed-loop control resultsIncluding an integral component P of the discharge P2 And discharge proportional component P i2 ；
Determining the maximum allowable discharge power P of VCU according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 The method comprises the following steps: obtaining the maximum discharge power P allowed by the battery 22 And the difference value T 2 Corresponding feed forward control allowable discharge power P k2 And according to said discharge integral component P P2 Discharge proportional component P i2 The feed forward control allows the discharge power P k2 And formula P 42 ＝P P2 +P i2 +P k2 Calculating the maximum allowable discharge power P of VCU 42 。
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the controlling the operation of the electric drive system according to the maximum allowable requested charging power of the VCU or the maximum allowable requested discharging power of the VCU comprises:
acquiring the actual rotating speed of the current motor;
determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotating speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
determining a torque control value N according to the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and a driver required torque N2, where N = min (N1, N2);
and generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control value N, and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
5. The electric vehicle power battery control method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
in the process of carrying out battery charging power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 1 When the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value;
in the process of carrying out battery discharge power closed-loop control, the difference value T is obtained in real time 2 When the second preset value is less than the fourth preset value,and exiting the battery discharge power closed-loop control, wherein the second preset value is smaller than the fourth preset value.
6. The utility model provides an electric automobile power battery control system which characterized in that includes:
a difference value obtaining unit for obtaining the maximum charging power P allowed by the battery in real time 11 And actual charging power P of battery 21 Difference value T of 1 Or maximum discharge power P allowed for the battery 12 And actual discharge power P of battery 22 Difference value T of 2 ；
A first control unit for controlling the first and second switches according to the difference value T 1 Or the difference T 2 Performing closed-loop control on the battery power when the difference value T 1 When the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU is obtained by entering the closed-loop control of the charging power of the battery when the maximum allowable charging power P is less than a first preset value 41 When the difference value T 2 When the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is obtained by entering battery discharge power closed-loop control when the maximum allowable discharge power P is smaller than a second preset value 42 ；
A second control unit for requesting charging power P according to the maximum allowable of the VCU 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 And controlling the electric drive system to work.
7. The electric vehicle power battery control system of claim 6, wherein the first control unit comprises:
a charging closed-loop control unit for setting the maximum charging power P allowed at the current moment 31 Is gradually increased from the value of P 21 Smooth transition to P 11 And with P 31 As a control target, P 31 And P 21 Is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a charging closed-loop control result, and determines the maximum allowable charging power P of the VCU according to the charging closed-loop control result 41 ；
A discharge closed-loop control unit for setting the maximum discharge power P allowed at the current time 32 Is gradually increased from the value of P 22 Smooth transition to P 12 And with P 32 As a control target, P 32 And P 22 The difference value of the VCU is used as a control input to carry out closed-loop control and output a discharge closed-loop control result, and the maximum allowable discharge power P of the VCU is determined according to the discharge closed-loop control result 42 。
8. The electric vehicle power battery control system of claim 6, wherein the second control unit comprises:
the rotating speed acquisition unit is used for acquiring the actual rotating speed of the current motor;
a torque conversion unit for determining the maximum allowable charging power P according to the actual rotation speed of the current motor 41 Or maximum allowable requested discharge power P 42 The corresponding maximum allowable requested torque N1;
a torque determination unit for determining a torque control value N, where N = min (N1, N2), from the maximum allowable requested torque N1 and a driver required torque N2;
and the command generation unit is used for generating an electric drive control command according to the torque control value N and controlling an electric drive system to execute the electric drive control command.
9. The electric vehicle power cell control system of any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that the first control unit further comprises:
a charge withdrawal closed-loop unit for obtaining the difference T in real time during the closed-loop control of the battery charge power 1 When the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value, the battery charging power closed-loop control is quitted, wherein the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value;
a charge withdrawal closed-loop unit for obtaining the difference T in real time during the closed-loop control of the battery discharge power 2 And when the current is less than the fourth preset value, the battery discharge power closed-loop control is exited, wherein the second preset value is less than the fourth preset value.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that: the computer program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method for controlling a power cell of an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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