CN112782280A - Linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic imaging method and device - Google Patents
Linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic imaging method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic measurement method and a device for quantitatively detecting the dielectric anisotropy of a target, wherein four linear polarization microwaves are used as excitation sources, the newly proposed parameter value on microwave absorption is between 0 and 1, and the newly proposed parameter value 0 to 1 can be used for quantifying the microscopic anisotropy degree of the target according to the microwave absorption characteristics. The feasibility of the method is verified by a dielectric anisotropy sample, the method provides an effective and direct strategy for tissue polarization measurement, and great potential is preset for biological imaging and material inspection. And also provides an effective method for microwave thermoacoustic measurement of microscopic anisotropy of a detection target.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave thermoacoustic imaging, and particularly relates to a linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic tomography device and a method thereof.
Background
The microwave thermoacoustic imaging technology is a novel nondestructive testing technology with wide application potential and good application prospect. The microwave thermoacoustic imaging technology has the advantages of high resolution of ultrasonic imaging and high contrast of microwave imaging, the technology performs high resolution and high contrast imaging on dielectric property distribution of biological tissues, the microwave thermoacoustic imaging technology radiates non-ionizing radiation pulse microwaves onto the biological tissues, the biological tissues can absorb the microwave energy and convert the microwave energy into internal energy, the tissue instantaneous temperature rise causes thermal expansion on the body, pressure waves, namely the ultrasonic waves, are generated in the thermal expansion process and spread to the periphery of the tissues, the generated ultrasonic waves can be detected and intercepted by a tissue ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic signal acquisition is used for inverting the microwave absorption difference images in the tissues. Unpolarized pulsed microwaves are commonly used as excitation source, assuming the target is dielectric isotropy. However, it has been reported that some biological tissues exhibit a significant dielectric anisotropy in the long axis. Conventional thermoacoustic imaging is not sufficient to exhibit this tissue anisotropic property, which limits its application in biological and materials fields. In this work, we propose a polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging system (PMTA) that can quantify the microscopic degree of anisotropy of a target based on its microwave absorption properties using newly proposed parameter values of 0 to 1. Using acoustic waves that absorb polarized microwaves can provide a straightforward strategy for tissue polarization measurements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing method and provide a PMTA method for quantitatively detecting the microscopic anisotropy of a target, and in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the microscopic anisotropy of the target was quantitatively detected based on vector microwave absorption by applying four linearly polarized microwaves as excitation sources. According to the microwave absorption characteristic, the degree of the microscopic anisotropy of the target is quantified by using the parameter values 0 to 1 obtained by a newly proposed formula, and a direct strategy can be provided for tissue polarization measurement by using the sound wave absorbing polarized microwaves.
It is also another aspect of the present invention to provide a device system that may be used for linearly polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic tomography apparatus according to the present invention. The figure comprises a computer, a data acquisition system, a preamplifier, an ultrasonic transducer and a microwave excitation source. A microwave transmitting antenna.
FIG. 2 is an experimental diagram of the present invention demonstrating the feasibility of PMTA.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a linearly polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging device, which comprises a computer, a microwave excitation source, a coaxial cable, a microwave antenna, i.e. a dipole antenna, an oil tank of a sample to be measured, an ultrasonic transducer, a signal amplifier, and a data acquisition system, i.e. a high-speed data acquisition card, which are connected in sequence, wherein the computer is provided with a pulse microwave generator system control software, an image reconstruction software, and a data acquisition control program software Labview, and the image reconstruction software is MATLAB software; linear polarization microwave with the pulse width of 550ns, the center frequency of 3GHz, the repetition frequency of 10Hz and the peak power of 70Kw is used as a microwave excitation source, the emitted microwave is coupled to a dipole antenna through a coaxial cable to emit the linear polarization microwave, and the dipole antenna has the length of 60mm, the width of 60mm and the height of 45 mm; the aperture size of the ultrasonic transducer is 120mm, the main frequency is 5MHz, the bandwidth is 60%, the sampling rate of the high-speed data acquisition card is 50MHz, and the high-speed data acquisition card has 2 channels of data, an oil groove is arranged right above the dipole antenna, ultrasonic coupling liquid is arranged in the oil groove, when the thermoacoustic signal measurement of the sample is carried out, the sample is immersed and fixed in the ultrasonic coupling liquid in the oil groove, and the microwave pulse antenna is fixed right below the sample; pulsed microwaves emitted by the dipole antenna are radiated on the sample; the ultrasonic transducer is immersed in ultrasonic coupling liquid for receiving a thermoacoustic signal excited by pulse microwave of a sample, and the ultrasonic coupling liquid is transformer oil at room temperature; LABVIEW software in a computer can control a data acquisition platform and an MATLAB software program to perform data processing; the thermoacoustic signal generated by the detection pulse acquired by the high-speed digital acquisition card is obtained by rotating the dipole antenna to obtain linearly polarized microwaves with similar energy densities in different polarization directions, and the polarization orientation phi of the microwaves and the sample axis are changed
The angles between the orientations are 0, 45, 90, 135,respectively acquiring thermoacoustic signals, quantitatively detecting the microscopic anisotropy of a target based on vector microwave absorption by using four linearly polarized microwaves as excitation sources, and obtaining a microwave absorption reconstruction image of a detected sample by an MATLAB software program through an arc projection-maximum projection algorithm, wherein the formula adopted for reconstructing the image is provided for the first time in the invention as follows:
the main principle process for obtaining the formula is as follows: when a dielectric anisotropic target is excited by linearly polarized microwaves, the interaction between the microwaves and the anisotropic target strongly depends on the linearly polarized microwave orientation phi and the target axis of the target by assuming that the target is uniaxial
The angle between the orientations. This results in a significant difference in microwave absorption between directions parallel and perpendicular to the target axis, polarization orientation dependent microwave absorption, and then the polarization direction dependent microwave absorption coefficient of the dielectric anisotropic target can be written as
Here,. epsilon||And ε⊥The absorption coefficients in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the target axis, respectively. For satisfying epsilon||＝ε⊥Equation (1) reduces to the PMTA imaging principle, with an absorption constant of
To simplify the problem, we define
Therefore, the TA signal amplitude of a linearly polarized microwave excited anisotropic target can be written as
Here, F (Φ) is the energy density of the linearly polarized microwaves, Γ is the gleneson parameter, η is the thermal conversion efficiency, the above equation indicates that for incident linearly polarized microwaves having a certain microwave polarization direction, the TA signal amplitude is highly correlated with θ, and can be used to extract the structural features of anisotropic materials; to quantify the anisotropy of the target, a new parameter was proposed in PMTA by applying four linearly polarized microwaves as excitation sources. According to the Stokes form, the polarization state of a microwave can be described by a Stokes vector
Wherein the four stokes parameters are represented by six microwave intensities having different orientations. I isHAnd IVAre horizontally (0 °) and vertically (90 °) linear polarizations; i isPAnd IMAre 45 ° and-45 ° linear polarizations; i isRAnd ILIs left-right circular polarization. Then, the linear polarization Degree (DLP) of the microwave can be defined as
Similar to the Stokes formalism, and assuming that the target is uniaxial, the degree of anisotropy (DOA) of the target can be defined as
Wherein Q isTA＝IH-TA-IV-TA，UTA＝IP-TA-IM-TAAnd I andTA＝IH-TA+IV-TA。IH-TA，IV-TA，IP-TAand IM-TAAmplitude and polarization direction of TA signal corresponding to linear polarization microwave excitation0 °,90 °,45 ° and 135 °, respectively. For a uniaxial target, the value of DOA is between 0 and 1. Thus, the anisotropy of the target can be quantified by DOA. By the detection and calculation principle, the linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic measurement method for quantitatively detecting the microscopic anisotropy of the target comprises the following steps of:
(1) the linear polarization microwave transmits linear polarization pulse microwave with the center frequency of 3GHz and the repetition frequency of 10GHz through a coaxial cable coupling antenna, and the linear polarization pulse microwave is output after being adjusted by a dipole antenna with the length of 60mm, the width of 60mm and the height of 45 mm;
(2) the linear polarization microwave can realize the microwave pulse output repetition frequency of 10HZ through a LabView control panel;
(3) setting microwave polarization orientation phi and sample axis
The angle between orientations is 0 degrees, and the sample expands under heat to excite a thermoacoustic signal;
(4) the thermoacoustic signals are detected by the ultrasonic transducer through the coupling liquid, amplified by the signal amplifier, collected by the high-speed digital acquisition card and stored in the computer. In the process, the computer controls the stepping motor to move the sample point by point, and the high-speed digital acquisition card acquires a signal each time the stepping motor moves.
(5) Changing the microwave polarization orientation phi and the sample axis
The angles between the orientations are 45, 90 and 135 respectively, and the thermo-acoustic signal acquisition is repeated (4).
(6) The acquired data is processed and calculated on a computer, in the calculating method, arc projection is carried out on each line in the first step, and maximum value projection is carried out on each line in the second step to obtain a thermoacoustic reconstructed image, as shown in fig. 2 (b). Finally, the obtained data of 0, 45, 90 and 135 degrees is used for formula
An image of the degree of anisotropy, namely the DOA image, is obtained.
In order to demonstrate the feasibility of the present invention, there is also provided a method of imaging carbon fibers with strong dielectric anisotropy properties under excitation by a series of linearly polarized microwaves with unpolarized orientation, and fig. 2(a) shows a photograph of a sample. The black dotted line is the main axis direction of the carbon fiber sample and the double arrow indicates the electric field vector of the incident linearly polarized microwave
Polarization direction, fig. 2b is thermoacoustic reconstruction graphs with linearly polarized microwave angles of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees, 135 degrees and 180 degrees respectively, it can be seen that thermoacoustic reconstruction of a sample changes with the change of the angles, fig. 2(c) is a thermoacoustic signal statistical result of fig. 2(b), the thermoacoustic signal statistical values of 5 points of fig. 2c respectively correspond to the thermoacoustic reconstruction graphs of 5 angles of fig. 2b, the difference of the thermoacoustic amplitude values under different linearly polarized angles can be clearly seen from the result, and the anisotropy graph of fig. 2d is an anisotropy parameter formula derived by using the anisotropy parameter formula derived from the thermoacoustic image reconstruction graphs of 0 degree, 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees of fig. 2b
As a result, it can be seen from the figure that the degree of anisotropy of the carbon fiber was 0.75.
In summary, we propose a polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging (PMTA) to quantitatively detect the microscopic anisotropy of a target by applying four linearly polarized microwaves as excitation sources. Compared to conventional microwave thermoacoustic imaging devices, which treat the target as an isotropic absorber, PMTA allows us to quantitatively detect the anisotropic characteristics of the target, with newly proposed parameter values between 0 and 1 above the microwave absorption, which enables quantification of the microscopic degree of anisotropy of the target with newly proposed parameter values of 0 to 1. The feasibility of the method is verified by a dielectric anisotropy sample, and the PMTA method provides an effective and direct strategy for tissue polarization measurement, and has great potential preset for biological imaging and material inspection.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A microscopic anisotropy method for detecting a target by linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic imaging, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the computer controls a microwave excitation source to emit linear polarization pulse microwaves with the center frequency of 3GHz, the pulse width of 550ns, the repetition frequency of 10Hz and the peak power of 70Kw, the linear polarization pulse microwaves are emitted through a coaxial cable and a coupling antenna, and the linear polarization pulse microwaves are adjusted by a dipole antenna which is 60mm long, 60mm wide and 45mm high and then output radiation to a sample to be detected placed in an oil tank; ultrasonic coupling liquid is filled in the oil groove, linear polarization pulse microwaves irradiate on sample tissues, and the sample expands under heating and is excited to generate a thermoacoustic signal;
(2) controlling the polarization orientation of polarized pulsed microwaves
And a sample shaft
The angle between the orientations is 0 degree, the sample is heated to expand, and a thermoacoustic signal is excited; expressed by the following formula:
wherein epsilon||And ε⊥The absorption coefficients in the directions parallel and perpendicular to the target axis respectively,
is the energy density of linearly polarized microwaves, Γ is the glehnson parameter, η is the thermal conversion efficiency;
(3) the thermoacoustic signals are detected by the ultrasonic transducer through the coupling liquid, the ultrasonic transducer transmits the signals into the amplifier, the signals are amplified by the signal amplifier and then collected by the high-speed digital collection card and stored in the computer, in the process, the computer controls the stepping motor to move the sample point by point, and the high-speed digital collection card collects the signals once when the stepping motor moves every time;
(4) changing linear polarization pulse microwave orientation
And a sample shaft
The angles between the orientations are 45 degrees, 90 degrees and 135 degrees respectively, and the thermo-acoustic signal acquisition is repeatedly carried out in the step (4);
(5) processing and calculating the acquired data on a computer, respectively extracting the amplitudes of the thermoacoustic signals at different angles, and obtaining an anisotropy map of the sample by using the data, wherein the anisotropy value adopts the following formula:
wherein QTA＝IH-TA-IV-TA，UTA＝IP-TA-IM-TAAnd I andTA＝IH-TA+IV-TA；IH-TA，IV-TA，IP-TAand IM-TACorresponding to the lineThe amplitude of thermoacoustic signals excited by the linearly polarized microwaves and the directions of the polarizers are respectively 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 45 degrees and-45 degrees, for a single-axis target, the value of DOA is between 0 and 1, and a microwave absorption reconstruction image of the measured sample is obtained by utilizing MATLAB through an arc-drawing projection-maximum projection algorithm.
2. The microscopic anisotropy method for detecting target of linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microwave pulse output repetition frequency of 10HZ in the step (1) is realized by a LabView control panel.
3. The microscopic anisotropy method for detecting targets by linear polarization microwave thermoacoustic imaging according to claim 1, characterized in that: : the data acquisition in step (3) is based on a real-time acquisition system controlled by LABVIEW software, and the excited areas can be in one-to-one correspondence with the data thereof.
4. A linearly polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging device for use in accordance with the method of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the device comprises a main control computer, a 3GHz microwave excitation source, a dipole antenna, a signal amplifier, a high-speed double-channel digital acquisition card, a computer, a signal processing and data processing assembly, a 3GHz microwave excitation source, a dipole antenna, a signal amplifier, a high-speed double-channel digital acquisition card and a computer, wherein the dipole antenna is fixed under a sample in an oil tank, the sample is immersed and fixed in the oil tank above the dipole antenna, the ultrasonic transducer is immersed in the coupling liquid and is contacted with the sample, the signal amplifier and the high-speed double-channel digital acquisition card are connected with the ultrasonic transducer, the high-speed double-channel digital
And a sample shaft
The angles between the orientations are respectively0, 45, 90 and 135, respectively carrying out thermoacoustic signal acquisition.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the aperture size of the ultrasonic transducer is 120mm, the main frequency is 5MHz, and the bandwidth is 60%.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the sampling rate of the high-speed digital acquisition card is 50MHz, and the high-speed digital acquisition card is provided with 2 data channels.
7. The linear polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging method and apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the acquisition control program and the signal processing process installed on the computer are compiled by Labview and Matlab programs.
8. The linear polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging method and apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the microwave center frequency emitted by the pulse microwave excitation source is 3GHz, the pulse width is 550ns, and the repetition frequency is 10 HZ.
9. The linear polarized microwave thermoacoustic imaging method and apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the ultrasonic coupling liquid filled in the oil groove is transformer oil at room temperature.
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| CN117470965A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-01-30 | 华南师范大学 | Microwave thermo-acoustic imaging device and method based on polarization thermo-acoustic matrix |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN117470965A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-01-30 | 华南师范大学 | Microwave thermo-acoustic imaging device and method based on polarization thermo-acoustic matrix |
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