CN112751158B - Antenna assembly and communication equipment - Google Patents
Antenna assembly and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112751158B CN112751158B CN201911054766.7A CN201911054766A CN112751158B CN 112751158 B CN112751158 B CN 112751158B CN 201911054766 A CN201911054766 A CN 201911054766A CN 112751158 B CN112751158 B CN 112751158B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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Abstract
The application provides an antenna assembly and communication equipment, and the antenna assembly can be applied to communication equipment such as a micro base station and CPE. In the antenna assembly: the two second antennas are dipole antennas and are arranged orthogonally; each second antenna comprises a second feeding part and a second radiating body, wherein in each second antenna, the second feeding part is coupled with the second radiating body and used for feeding power to the second radiating body so as to enable the second antenna to radiate signals of a second frequency band outwards; the first antenna comprises a first feeding portion and a first radiating body, in each first antenna, the second feeding portion and the second radiating body of the two second antennas are used as at least one part of the first feeding portion to be electrically coupled with the first radiating body and used for feeding power to the first radiating body, the first antenna can radiate signals of a first frequency band outwards, the frequency of the signals of a second frequency band is lower than that of the signals of the first frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a wide bandwidth through the matching of the first antenna and the second antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and a communications device.
Background
With the development of communication technology, the requirement for the bandwidth of an antenna in a terminal communication device is higher and higher, for example, with the emergence of a new Generation of communication technology such as 5G (5th Generation Mobile Networks, fifth Generation Mobile communication technology), the wireless communication rate is faster and faster, higher wireless communication frequency band application appears, and 2G, 3G and 4G communication standards still have important applications, so that the terminal communication device such as a micro base station needs to have a higher bandwidth to be able to communicate in the frequency bands of the above communication standards, and the existing terminal communication device usually only has a narrower bandwidth and cannot meet the requirement for the bandwidth in the scene.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an antenna module and communication equipment to increase the bandwidth of the antenna module and improve the performance of the communication equipment.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna assembly, which is applied to communication devices such as a micro base station and a CPE (Customer Premise Equipment) for performing wireless communication with external devices. The antenna assembly includes: each second antenna in the two second antennas is a dipole antenna, and the two second antennas are orthogonally arranged to form a dual-polarized antenna, so that the problem of multipath fading effect is solved, and the channel capacity of the antenna assembly can be improved; each second antenna comprises a second feeding part and a second radiator, wherein in each second antenna, the second feeding part is coupled with the second radiator and is used for feeding power to the second radiator, so that the second antenna is used for radiating signals of a second frequency band outwards; the first antenna comprises a first feed part and a first radiator, in each first antenna, a second feed part and a second radiator in the two second antennas are used as at least one part of the first feed part, the second radiator in the two second antennas is electrically coupled with the first radiator and used for feeding to the first radiator, therefore, the first antenna is used for radiating signals of a first frequency band outwards, the signal frequency of a second frequency band is lower than that of the first frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a wide bandwidth covering the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the matching of the first antenna and the second antenna.
In a specific arrangement, each second radiator includes two sheet-shaped main radiating portions, and a thin structure such as a metal film may be adopted in the main radiating portions, so that the antenna assembly provided by the present application further includes a first dielectric substrate, each main radiating portion extends along the first dielectric substrate, and the first dielectric substrate provides support for the main radiating portions.
In order to avoid the short circuit phenomenon between the two main radiating parts of each second antenna, the two main radiating parts in each second antenna are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
In each second antenna, the second feeding portion may be coupled and fed to the two main radiating portions respectively in multiple ways, and in order to avoid line distribution confusion caused by separating the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the second feeding portion, the following ways may be adopted to feed the two main radiating portions in the second antenna: each second antenna also comprises a microstrip, in each second antenna, the microstrip is connected with one main radiating part and extends to a position opposite to the other main radiating part, and a through hole is formed in the position, opposite to each microstrip, of the first dielectric substrate; in a second antenna, the second feeding portion is coupled to the other main radiating portion and coupled to the microstrip line through the corresponding via hole without bypassing the first dielectric substrate.
In a more specific embodiment, the second feeding portion may include a coaxial cable, wherein in each second antenna, an outer skin of the coaxial cable is coupled to the another main radiating portion, and an inner core of the coaxial cable passes through the corresponding via hole to be coupled to the microstrip line.
When the two microstrip lines are specifically arranged, the microstrip lines in the two second antennas are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that short circuit caused by contact between the two microstrip lines is avoided.
When the antenna assembly is applied to communication devices such as a micro base station and a CPE (Customer Premise Equipment), the available space is often very limited, and therefore, in a specific embodiment, in each second radiator, along the flowing direction of the current, at least one side edge of the main radiator extends along a stepped path, which is beneficial to extending the length of the current path of the main radiator without additionally occupying the use area, so as to ensure a sufficiently wide bandwidth of the second antenna, and is also beneficial to adjusting impedance matching.
In specific implementation, there is a certain requirement for the number of steps in the side edge of the main radiating part extending along the stepped path, such as the number of steps is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 16, and the manufacturing difficulty, bandwidth and impedance matching degree are considered at the same time.
In order to avoid shielding of electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiators, in a specific embodiment, an orthogonal projection of each first radiator on the installation surface of the first dielectric substrate is located in an orthogonal projection of a gap between a pair of adjacent two second main radiation portions on the installation surface.
In order to increase the bandwidth on the basis of realizing miniaturization, in addition to the step-shaped side edge of the main radiator, the following manner may be adopted, and in a specific embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a second dielectric substrate extending along the edge of the first dielectric substrate, wherein an included angle between each second dielectric substrate and the first dielectric substrate is less than 180 °, each second radiator further includes an extended radiator, each extended radiator is in a sheet shape and extends along the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and each extended radiator is connected with the corresponding main radiator and is level with the first dielectric substrate relative to the second dielectric substrate, and the current path length of the second radiator can be continuously increased without occupying additional usable area.
In order to fully utilize the surface area of the first dielectric substrate to arrange the main radiating parts, thereby achieving the purpose of miniaturization of the antenna component, in a specific embodiment, the first dielectric substrate is square, and each main radiating part extends from the middle part of the first dielectric substrate to one corner part of the first dielectric substrate along one diagonal of the first dielectric substrate.
In specific implementation, the first radiator is installed on the inner side wall of the second dielectric substrate, so that the first radiator does not occupy additional space outside the second dielectric substrate, which is beneficial to realizing miniaturization of the antenna assembly, and no other auxiliary component is needed.
In order to increase the coupling area of the first radiator and the second radiator and further improve the coupling effect, in a specific embodiment, the first radiators are of a sheet structure, and one side surface of each first radiator is parallel to the setting surface of the first dielectric substrate.
In order to ensure that the first radiator and the second radiator can radiate signals with a sufficiently wide bandwidth, in a specific embodiment, the circumference of each first radiator is greater than 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the first frequency band, and the equivalent current path length of each second radiator is greater than or equal to 0.20 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the second frequency band and less than or equal to 0.30 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the second frequency band.
In particular implementation, in order to ensure the directional gain performance of the antenna assembly, in each second radiator, the equivalent current path length of the current on the main radiating portion is equal to or greater than 50% and less than 100% of the equivalent current path length on the second radiator.
In one specific embodiment, a vertical distance between the main radiator and the first radiator is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 4 mm.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a communication device including the antenna assembly according to the above technical solution. Each second antenna in the two second antennas is a dipole antenna, and the two second antennas are orthogonally arranged to form a dual-polarized antenna, so that the problem of multipath fading effect can be overcome, and the channel capacity of the antenna assembly can be improved; in each second antenna, a second feeding portion is coupled to the second radiator and is configured to feed the second radiator, so that the second antenna is configured to radiate a signal of a second frequency band outward; in each first antenna, the second feed portion and the second radiator of the two second antennas are used as at least one part of the first feed portion, and the second radiator of the two second antennas is electrically coupled to the first radiator and is used for feeding power to the first radiator, so that the first antenna is used for radiating signals of a first frequency band outwards, the frequency of the signals of a second frequency band is lower than that of the signals of the first frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a wide bandwidth covering the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the cooperation of the first antenna and the second antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is another angled view of the antenna assembly shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main radiating portion 101c of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first radiator 201a and a second dielectric substrate 200a of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a scattering parameter graph corresponding to an example of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is an antenna efficiency graph corresponding to an example of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
For convenience of understanding the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application, first, a scenario of an application of the antenna assembly is described, where the antenna assembly may be applied to communication devices such as a micro base station and a CPE (Customer premises Equipment) for performing wireless communication with an external device. The existing antenna assembly can only cover a communication frequency band with a smaller bandwidth and cannot adapt to network environments of different frequency bands.
Fig. 1 shows an exemplary schematic diagram of an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 shows another view from an angle of the schematic diagram of the antenna assembly shown in fig. 1, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a first dielectric substrate 100, a second dielectric substrate 200, a first antenna and two second antennas, wherein the first antenna is configured to radiate signals in a first frequency band outwards, the second antenna is configured to radiate signals in a second frequency band outwards, the frequency of the signals in the second frequency band is lower than that of the signals in the first frequency band, for example, the first frequency band covers (e.g., exactly) a frequency band greater than or equal to 3.3GHz and less than or equal to 5.0GHz, and the frequency band can cover an NR frequency band of a 5G communication standard; the second frequency band covers (for example, exactly) a frequency band which is larger than or equal to 690MHz and smaller than or equal to 2690MHz, the frequency band range can cover a low frequency band and a medium-high frequency band of the 2G, 3G and 4G communication standards, and the first frequency band and the second frequency band can meet the NR frequency band of the current 2G, 3G and 4G communication standards and 5G communication standards; the material of the first dielectric substrate 100 may be a material commonly used in the communication field, such as teflon glass fiber, etc., the dielectric constant range is exemplarily greater than or equal to 2.0 and less than or equal to 2.5, and may be, for example, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.5, etc., the first dielectric substrate 100 has two surfaces that are oppositely disposed, the two surfaces are a first surface (one side surface in the negative direction of the Z axis) and a second surface (one side surface in the positive direction of the Z axis), the first surface and the second surface are parallel to each other, and the first surface is used as an arrangement surface. The first dielectric substrate 100 is illustratively square, the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) extend along the edge of the first dielectric substrate 100, the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) and the first dielectric substrate 100 enclose a groove-like structure, wherein the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) serve as side walls, the first dielectric substrate 100 serves as a bottom wall, the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) each form an angle smaller than 180 ° with the first dielectric substrate 100 (for example, the angle ranges from 75 ° to 105 °, more specifically, the angle is 90 °), every two adjacent second dielectric substrates are connected to each other, and the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) are located on the same side of the first dielectric substrate 100.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, each second antenna is a dipole antenna and includes a second feed and two second radiators. For one of the second antennas: a second radiator includes a main radiating portion 101c and an extended radiating portion 202c, both the main radiating portion 101c and the extended radiating portion 202c are conductive sheets, the conductive sheet may be made of metal material such as gold, silver, copper, or aluminum, or non-metal conductive material such as graphene, the main radiation portion 101c is attached to the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, the main radiation portion 101c extends from the middle portion (e.g., geometric center) of the first dielectric substrate 100 to the other corner portion of the first dielectric substrate 100 along one diagonal line (the diagonal line where the main radiation portion 101a is located) of the first dielectric substrate 100, the corner part is adjacent to the second dielectric substrate 200c and the second dielectric substrate 200d, the extension radiation part 202c is attached to the surface of an included angle structure formed by the second dielectric substrate 200c and the second dielectric substrate 200d, and the main radiation part 101c and the extension radiation part 202c are connected with each other; because the extended radiating part 202c is bent and extended along the second dielectric substrate 200c relative to the main radiating part 101c, the size of the second radiating body corresponding to the main radiating part 101c is increased under the condition that the area of the plane where the extending direction of the main radiating part 101c is located is not additionally increased, so that the length of a current path of the second radiating body is increased on the premise of ensuring the miniaturization of the antenna assembly, the bandwidth range of the second radiating body is favorably increased, and the extended radiating part 202c can be omitted under the condition that the installation space of the antenna assembly is enough; to ensure that the second radiator formed by connecting the main radiating portion 101c and the extended radiating portion 202c can cover the bandwidth of the second frequency band, the equivalent current path length of the second radiator is greater than 0.20 times and less than or equal to 0.30 times of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency (e.g., 690MHz) in the second frequency band, for example, the equivalent current path length of the second radiator is equal to 0.20 times, 0.23 times, 0.25 times, 0.26 times, 0.27 times, 0.28 times or 0.30 times of the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the second frequency band; the equivalent current path length of the current on the main radiating portion 101c is greater than or equal to 50% and less than 100% of the total current path length of the current on the second radiator, and if the equivalent current path length of the current on the main radiating portion 101c is less than 50% of the total current path length of the current on the second radiator, the gain direction of the pattern of the second radiator is mainly determined by the extended radiating portion 202c, the antenna directional radiation performance is poor, and if the equivalent current path length of the current on the main radiating portion 101c is equal to 100% of the total current path length of the current on the second radiator, the extended radiating portion 202c does not achieve the purpose of increasing the second radiator current path length on the basis of the main radiating portion 101c, for example, in fig. 1 and 2, one end of the main radiating portion 101c near the main radiating portion 101a has a microstrip line 102a, the equivalent current path length of the current in the main radiation portion 101c is approximately equal to the length of the connection line between the end point of the end of the main radiation portion 101c connected to the microstrip line 102a and the end point of the main radiation portion 101c located at the corner of the first dielectric substrate 100, and the total current path length of the current in the second radiation portion is approximately equal to the length of the connection line between the end point of the end of the main radiation portion 101c connected to the microstrip line 102a and the end point of the main radiation portion 101c located at the corner of the first dielectric substrate 100 plus the dimension of the extended radiation portion 202c in the Z-axis direction.
The other second radiator includes a main radiating portion 101a and an extended radiating portion 202a, the main radiating portion 101a is attached to the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, the main radiating portion 101a extends from the middle (e.g., geometric center) of the first dielectric substrate 100 to a corner of the first dielectric substrate 100 along another diagonal of the first dielectric substrate 100, the corner is adjacent to the second dielectric substrate 200a and the second dielectric substrate 200b, the extended radiating portion 202a is attached to the surface of the included angle structure formed by the second dielectric substrate 200a and the second dielectric substrate 200b, and the main radiating portion 101a and the extended radiating portion 202a are connected to each other. The shape, size, material, and other parameters of the main radiating portion 101a may be referred to the main radiating portion 101c, and the material and other parameters of the extended radiating portion 202a may be referred to the extended radiating portion 202 c.
The microstrip line 102a extends to a position opposite to the main radiation part 101a along the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, a via hole is formed at a position opposite to the microstrip line 102a of the first dielectric substrate 100, the second feed part comprises a coaxial cable, the outer skin of the coaxial cable is electrically connected with the main radiation part 101a for feeding the main radiation part 101a, the cable core of the coaxial cable penetrates through the via hole from the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 to the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, and is coupled with the microstrip line 102a for feeding the microstrip line 102a, and compared with a balun feed mode, the coaxial cable can feed within a larger bandwidth range without a larger size; in addition, since one feeding point of the main radiation part 101c is led to the position opposite to the main radiation part 101a by the microstrip line 102a, and a via hole is formed in the position of the first dielectric substrate 100 corresponding to the microstrip line 102a, the inner core of the coaxial cable does not need to cross the first dielectric substrate from the side, and the inner core of the coaxial cable is still positioned in the sheath, so that feeding to the main radiation part 101c and the main radiation part 101a can be completed; the coaxial cable may also be replaced with another feeding structure, as long as the feeding structure is coupled to the main radiation portion 101c, is used for coupling to the main radiation portion 101c, and passes through the corresponding via hole and the microstrip line 102a on the first dielectric substrate 100, the anode and the cathode of the feeding structure do not need to be separated too far, so as to avoid the situation that the feeder lines are distributed in a disordered manner.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the main radiation part 101c, in the overall flowing direction of the current (approximately, refer to G direction in fig. 3), opposite sides of the main radiation part 101c extend along a stepped path (refer to steps 011, 012 and 013 in fig. 3), on one hand, the length of the current path of the medium current of the main radiation part 101c is increased without increasing the area of the plane where the surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 is occupied by the main radiation part 101c, on the other hand, it is more beneficial to adjust impedance matching than other non-linear sides such as a curve, exemplarily, the number of steps on the side where the main radiation part 101c extends along the stepped path is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 16, for example, the number of steps is 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13 and 16, and when the number of steps is less than 2, the bandwidth of the main radiation part 101c is not significantly increased, and the impedance matching is poor, when the number of steps is greater than 16, not only the bandwidth of the main radiating portion 101c will not be significantly increased, but also the manufacturing difficulty will be increased, wherein, when the number of steps on the side of the main radiating portion 101c extending along the step-like path is greater than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 5, the antenna assembly has a better bandwidth and impedance matching effect, in addition, according to specific requirements, along the G direction, the main radiating portion 101c may also extend along the step-like path only on one side thereof, or the side of the main radiating portion 101c extending along the step-like path may also be replaced by other non-linearly extending shapes such as a curve.
Since the main radiating portion 101a and the main radiating portion 101c are respectively located on two opposite side surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 100, the main radiating portion 101a and the main radiating portion 101c have good electrical isolation to prevent short circuit between the main radiating portion 101a and the main radiating portion 101c, and the main radiating portion 101a and the main radiating portion 101c can also be located on the same surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 under the condition that other measures are taken to ensure electrical isolation between the main radiating portion 101a and the main radiating portion 101 c.
Similarly, for the other second antenna: a second radiator includes a main radiating portion 101b and an extended radiating portion 202b, the main radiating portion 101b is located on the second surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, the main radiating portion 101b extends from a middle portion (e.g., a geometric center) of the first dielectric substrate 100 to a corner portion of the first dielectric substrate 100 along a diagonal line (a diagonal line perpendicular to the diagonal line where the main radiating portion 101a is located) of the first dielectric substrate 100, the corner portion is adjacent to the second dielectric substrate 200b and the second dielectric substrate 200c, the extended radiating portion 202a is attached to a surface of an angle structure formed by the second dielectric substrate 200b and the second dielectric substrate 200c, and the main radiating portion 101b and the extended radiating portion 202b are connected to each other; the other second radiator comprises a main radiating part 101d and an extended radiating part 202d, the main radiating part 101d is located on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, the main radiating part 101d extends from the middle (e.g. geometric center) of the first dielectric substrate 100 to a corner of the first dielectric substrate 100 along a diagonal line (a diagonal line perpendicular to the diagonal line where the main radiating part 101c is located) of the first dielectric substrate 100, the corner is adjacent to the second dielectric substrate 200a and the second dielectric substrate 200d, the extended radiating part 202d is attached to the surface of an included angle structure formed by the second dielectric substrate 200a and the second dielectric substrate 200d, and the main radiating part 101b and the extended radiating part 202b are connected with each other; one end of the main radiation part 101b close to the main radiation part 101d is connected with a microstrip line 102b, the microstrip line 102b extends along the second surface of the first dielectric substrate to a position opposite to the main radiation part 101d, and here, the manner in which the second feeding part feeds power to the microstrip line 102b and the main radiation part 101d may refer to the manner in which the microstrip line 102a and the main radiation part 101a feed power, and details are not repeated herein; as can be seen from fig. 1 and fig. 2, the microstrip line 102a and the microstrip line 102b are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the first dielectric substrate 100, which is beneficial to avoiding short circuit between the microstrip line 102a and the microstrip line 102b, and the microstrip line 102a and the microstrip line 102b can be disposed on the same side of the first dielectric substrate 100 by using a jumper or other methods, and at this time, the main radiating portions 101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d are all located on the same side of the first dielectric substrate. The parameters such as the shape and material of the main radiating portions (101b and 101d) can be referred to the main radiating portion 101c, and the parameters such as the material and shape of the extended radiating portions (202b and 202d) can be referred to the extended radiating portion 202 c. The shape and material of the main radiating portions (101b and 101d) can be referred to the main radiating portion 101c, and the material of the extended radiating portions (202b and 202d) can be referred to the extended radiating portion 202 c.
It should be noted that the first dielectric substrate 100 is square only for example, and meanwhile, the first dielectric substrate 100 may also be circular, elliptical, trapezoidal, and the like, the main radiating portions (101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d) are distributed along each diagonal of the first dielectric substrate 100, and since the diagonal of the square is longer than the other path lengths, the area of the surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 can be fully utilized, and only the first dielectric substrate 100 with a smaller area needs to be used, which is beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna assembly, while for the first dielectric substrate 100 with other shapes, such as circular, the main radiating portions (101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d) do not easily fully utilize the surface area thereof, which is not beneficial to realizing the miniaturization of the antenna assembly.
The two second antennas are orthogonally arranged to form a dual-polarized antenna, so that the problem of multipath fading effect is solved, and the channel capacity of the antenna assembly can be improved.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the first antenna includes a first feeding portion and first radiators (201a, 201b, 201c and 201d), wherein the first radiator 201a is exemplarily a sheet structure, the material of the first radiator 201a may refer to the main radiating portion 101c, the first radiator 201a is mounted on the inner sidewall of the second dielectric substrate 200a, and the first radiator 201a is electrically coupled to at least the main radiating portions (101a and 101d), respectively, and the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) and corresponding second feeding portions of the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) serve as at least a portion of the first feeding portion, when the second feeding portions respectively feed the main radiating portions (101a and 101d), the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) feed the first radiator 201a in a coupled manner, and the first radiator 201a radiates electromagnetic waves outwards, in order that the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first radiator 201a can cover the bandwidth of the first frequency band, the circumference of each first radiator 201a is greater than 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency (e.g., 3.3GHz) in the first frequency band, for example, the circumference of each first radiator 201a is equal to 0.55 times, 0.58 times, 0.6 times, 0.62 times, or 0.65 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency (e.g., 3.3GHz) in the first frequency band; the first radiator 201a is mounted on the inner side wall of the second dielectric substrate 200a, so that the first radiator 201a is located in the annular structure surrounded by the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d), and a space other than the second dielectric substrates (200a, 200b, 200c, and 200d) may not be additionally occupied with respect to the placement of the first radiator 201a at another position, which is also advantageous for miniaturization of the antenna assembly, and the first radiator 201a may be fixed by using an insulating support member such as a dielectric rod fixed to the first dielectric substrate 100 or the second dielectric substrate 200a, but the first radiator 201a is mounted on the inner side wall of the second dielectric substrate 200a without an additional structure such as an additional dielectric insulating rod. A side surface (which may be a surface in the positive direction of the Z axis) of the first radiator 201a is exemplarily parallel to the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, which is beneficial for increasing the coupling effect between the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) and the first radiator 201a, the shape of the first radiator 201a may be a rectangle (with a dimension of, for example, 25mm long and 10mm wide) in fig. 1 and 2, and as shown in fig. 4, the first radiator 201a may be in a shape of a "convex", and in addition, may be in a trapezoid, a triangle, or other shapes; a vertical distance between the first radiator 201a and the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) (which may be understood as a distance between a side surface in a positive Z-axis direction of the first radiator 201a and a side surface in a negative Z-axis direction of the main radiating portion 101a along the Z-axis direction) is equal to or greater than 1mm and equal to or less than 4mm, such as 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, or 4mm, and if the vertical distance between the first radiator 201a and the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) is less than 1mm, the first antenna may not have a good impedance matching, and if the vertical distance between the first radiator 201a and the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) is greater than 4mm, the coupling effect between the first radiator 201a and the main radiating portions (101a and 101d) is poor; the orthographic projection of the main radiation portions (101a and 101d) on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 is not overlapped with the orthographic projection of the first radiator 201a on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100, that is, the orthographic projection of the first radiator 201a on the first surface of the first dielectric substrate 100 can be covered by the orthographic projection of the gap between the adjacent stepped sides of the main radiation portions 101a and 101d, so that shielding of the main radiation portions (101a and 101d) on the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first radiator 201a is avoided. The shape, material, and position of the first radiator (201b, 201c, and 201d) may be referred to the first radiator 201 a.
Figure 5 shows an exemplary corresponding scattering parameter plot for an antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, wherein, the abscissa represents the operating frequency, the ordinate represents the scattering parameter mode value, the curve Sim. | S11| represents the simulation result of the reflection coefficient curve of the first input port in the second antenna, the curve Mea. | S11| represents the test result of the reflection coefficient curve of the first input port in the second antenna, the curve Sim. | S22| represents the simulation result of the reflection coefficient curve of the second input port in the second antenna, the curve Mea. | S22| represents the test result of the reflection coefficient curve of the second input port in the second antenna, the curve Sim | S12| represents the simulation result of the transmission coefficient curve between the first input port and the second input port in the second antenna, and the curve Mea. | S12| represents the test result of the transmission coefficient curve between the first input port and the second input port in the second antenna; an exemplary corresponding efficiency test chart of the antenna assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in table 6, where the abscissa represents the operating frequency, the ordinate represents the antenna efficiency, the P1 curve represents the test efficiency curve of the first input port in the second antenna, and the P2 curve represents the test efficiency curve of the second input port in the second antenna; as can be seen from fig. 5 and 6, the antenna assembly provided in the embodiments of the present application can cover frequency bands of 2G, 3G, and 4G communication standards and an NR frequency band of 5G communication standards, and through interaction between the first antenna and the second antenna, the antenna assembly has a wider bandwidth as a whole.
In addition, in the antenna assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first dielectric substrate 100 has a supporting function for the main radiating portions (101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d), the second dielectric substrate has a supporting function for the extended radiating portion and the first radiator, and when the main radiating portions (101a, 101b, 101c, and 101d) and the extended radiating portions have certain rigidity and the first radiator is fixed by other means, the first dielectric substrate 100 and the second dielectric substrates may not be provided.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes the antenna assembly provided in the foregoing embodiment, and referring to fig. 1 to fig. 6, by providing the antenna assembly in the communication device, wherein each of the two second antennas is a dipole antenna, and the two second antennas are orthogonally disposed to form a dual-polarized antenna, which is beneficial to overcoming the problem of multipath fading effect and can improve the channel capacity of the antenna assembly; in each second antenna, a second feeding portion is coupled to the second radiator and is configured to feed the second radiator, so that the second antenna is configured to radiate a signal of a second frequency band outward; in each first antenna, the second feed portion and the second radiator of the two second antennas are used as at least one part of the first feed portion, and the second radiator of the two second antennas is electrically coupled to the first radiator and is used for feeding power to the first radiator, so that the first antenna is used for radiating signals of a first frequency band outwards, the frequency of the signals of a second frequency band is lower than that of the signals of the first frequency band, and the antenna assembly has a wide bandwidth covering the first frequency band and the second frequency band through the cooperation of the first antenna and the second antenna.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (11)
1. An antenna assembly, comprising: the antenna comprises a first antenna and two second antennas, wherein each second antenna is a dipole antenna, and the two second antennas are orthogonally arranged to form a dual-polarized antenna;
the first antenna is used for radiating signals of a first frequency band, the second antenna is used for radiating signals of a second frequency band, and the frequency of the signals of the second frequency band is lower than that of the signals of the first frequency band;
the first antenna comprises a first feed portion and a first radiator, each second antenna comprises a second feed portion and a second radiator, and the second feed portion is coupled with the second radiator and used for feeding power to the second radiator;
the first feed part comprises a second feed part and a second radiator in the two second antennas, and the second radiator is electrically coupled with the first radiator and used for feeding power to the first radiator;
the antenna assembly further includes a first dielectric substrate;
each second radiator comprises two sheet-shaped main radiating parts, and each main radiating part extends along the first dielectric substrate;
the two main radiation parts in each second antenna are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in a one-to-one correspondence mode;
each second antenna also comprises a microstrip line;
in each second antenna, a microstrip line is connected with one of the main radiating parts and extends to a position opposite to the other main radiating part;
a through hole is formed in the position, opposite to each microstrip line, of the first dielectric substrate;
in a second antenna, the second feed part is coupled with the other main radiation part and is coupled with the microstrip line by passing through the corresponding via hole;
the second feeding portion comprises a coaxial cable, wherein in each second antenna, an outer skin of the coaxial cable is coupled with the other main radiating portion, and an inner core of the coaxial cable passes through the corresponding through hole to be coupled with the microstrip line;
in each second radiator, at least one side edge of the main radiator extends along a stepped path in a current flowing direction;
the orthographic projection of each first radiator on the setting surface of the first dielectric substrate is positioned in the orthographic projection of a gap between two adjacent main radiating parts on the setting surface.
2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, wherein the microstrip lines of the two second antennas are respectively disposed on two opposite surfaces of the first dielectric substrate in a one-to-one correspondence.
3. The antenna assembly of claim 1, wherein the number of steps in a side of the main radiating portion extending along the stepped path is 2 or more and 16 or less.
4. The antenna assembly of any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising second dielectric substrates extending along edges of the first dielectric substrate, wherein each second dielectric substrate is angled less than 180 ° from the first dielectric substrate;
each second radiator further comprises an extension radiation part, each extension radiation part is sheet-shaped and extends along the surface of the second dielectric substrate, and each extension radiation part is connected with the corresponding main radiation part.
5. The antenna assembly of claim 4, wherein the first dielectric substrate is square, and each main radiating portion extends from a middle portion of the first dielectric substrate to a corner portion of the first dielectric substrate along a diagonal of the first dielectric substrate.
6. The antenna assembly of claim 5, wherein the first radiator is mounted on an inner sidewall of the second dielectric substrate.
7. The antenna assembly of claim 6, wherein the first radiators are in a sheet structure, and a side of each first radiator is parallel to the mounting surface of the first dielectric substrate.
8. The antenna assembly of claim 7, wherein the perimeter of each first radiator is greater than 0.5 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the first frequency band, and wherein the equivalent current path length of each second radiator is greater than or equal to 0.20 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the second frequency band and less than or equal to 0.30 times the wavelength corresponding to the lowest frequency in the second frequency band.
9. The antenna assembly of claim 8, wherein in each second radiator, the equivalent current path length of current on the main radiating portion is equal to or greater than 50% and less than 100% of the equivalent current path length on the second radiator.
10. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that a vertical distance between the main radiator portion and the first radiator portion is equal to or greater than 1mm and equal to or less than 4 mm.
11. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises an antenna assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911054766.7A CN112751158B (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Antenna assembly and communication equipment |
| PCT/CN2020/123337 WO2021083055A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2020-10-23 | Antenna assembly and communication device |
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| CN201911054766.7A CN112751158B (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Antenna assembly and communication equipment |
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| CN113437521B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-05-26 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna module and communication equipment |
| CN114172537B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-06 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna switching method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| WO2021083055A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
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