CN112719473B - Rapid centering method and system for tooth grooves of duplicate gears - Google Patents
Rapid centering method and system for tooth grooves of duplicate gears Download PDFInfo
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- CN112719473B CN112719473B CN202011506616.8A CN202011506616A CN112719473B CN 112719473 B CN112719473 B CN 112719473B CN 202011506616 A CN202011506616 A CN 202011506616A CN 112719473 B CN112719473 B CN 112719473B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/02—Loading, unloading or chucking arrangements for workpieces
- B23F23/06—Chucking arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for quickly centering a tooth socket of a duplicate gear, which comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing a calibration piece and a double-sensor measuring device; step 2: clamping a calibration piece, and installing a double-sensor measuring device; and step 3: collecting position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a calibration piece; and 4, step 4: finding out two tooth sockets with the centers closest to each other in all the tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the calibrating piece, and calculating the offset angle and the direction of the calibrating piece; and 5: taking down the calibration piece and installing a to-be-machined piece; acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a workpiece to be machined; step 6: calculating the offset angle and direction of the workpiece to be processed; and 7: calculating the angle and direction to be compensated; and 8: the workpiece rotation axis is compensated according to the offset value and the direction. Through on-site verification, after the gear aligning device is adopted, the gear aligning position precision reaches within 0.05 mm; meanwhile, the centering time is within 10s, and the efficiency is improved by more than 1 time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to a method and a system for quickly centering a duplicate gear tooth socket.
Background
In the field of gear transmission, the situation that the positions of two tooth grooves of two gear rings are required to have strict centering relation when a duplicate gear is subjected to finish machining is often faced, the two gear rings are sleeved after being subjected to finish machining respectively in the traditional method, the tooth groove position degree is ensured by using a tooth aligning tool during sleeving, and the centering tool is complex in structure and low in centering precision due to the fact that the sleeving is generally in interference fit. When the two gear rings cannot be sleeved and are designed into an integral structure, a machining means is needed to ensure the centering position degree of the two tooth sockets. The centering methods frequently adopted in the existing processing include manual measurement compensation centering, automatic measurement compensation centering of a sensor, multiple times of measurement and cyclic compensation are needed to achieve the required centering precision, the centering process is complicated, the detection time is long, and the precision stability is low.
A typical dual gear component as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein two tooth spaces on two gear rings require strict alignment relationship (position degree, angle, etc.), and a reference is made to the reference of the reference circular tooth space center line of the first gear 1 on the cross section with the length B from the reference plane C (reference of fig. a), and a reference circular tooth space of the second gear 2 on the cross section with the length L from the reference plane a needs to be aligned with the reference plane a, the dual gear as shown in fig. 2 requires the center deviation of the circular tooth space of two degrees to be within 0.1 mm. The dual gear is composed of a second gear 2 sleeved on a first gear 1, and can also be of an integrated structure of two gears.
During machining of the duplex gear, hobbing or gear milling rough machining is firstly carried out to manufacture a duplex gear blank, the rough machining blank also needs certain centering precision, and two tooth grooves in centering are marked for distinguishing. The method for aligning the two gear rings in the gear blank during rough machining is mature. In the fine machining, a reference gear (a first gear 1 in the drawing) is normally machined to the required precision and size, then the position deviation of the marked tooth socket central line of the gear to be machined is measured by taking the marked tooth socket central line of the reference gear as the reference, and compensation is performed in equipment according to the deviation value and the deviation direction to realize the centering requirement. At present, the scheme adopted by the same industry at home and abroad is that a single-sensor measuring head is used for measuring the tooth space position of a first gear 1, then the tooth space position of a second gear 2 is measured by moving a distance L in the axial direction (Z direction in the figure), and finally a deviation value and a deviation direction are calculated for reverse compensation. The scheme requires that the sensor can accurately move and be positioned, the sensor is generally arranged on a numerical control shaft of equipment, machining and movement interference is easily caused, the sensor needs to measure twice, and the centering time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, on the one hand, the invention provides a method for rapidly centering a double gear tooth socket, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a calibration piece and a double-sensor measuring device; wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the workpiece to be machined;
the double-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket, a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the sensor bracket, and the distance between measuring heads of the first sensor and the second sensor is equal to the distance between the first gear and the second gear;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of clamping a calibration piece on a clamp of a piece to be machined, installing a double-sensor measuring device to enable a first sensor and a second sensor to respectively correspond to the addendum circles of a first gear and a second gear of the calibration piece, and enabling a connecting line between measuring heads of the two sensors to be in a vertical direction;
and step 3: starting a workpiece rotating shaft of the machining equipment, and respectively acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a calibration piece by a first sensor and a second sensor and transmitting the position signals to a tooth groove position calculation module;
and 4, step 4: the tooth socket position calculating module finds out two tooth sockets with the centers closest to the centers in all tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the calibrating piece according to the position signals of all tooth sockets of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 3, and calculates the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth socket center of the second gear of the calibrating piece by taking the tooth socket center of the first gear as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece;
and 5: taking down the calibration piece and installing a to-be-machined piece; starting a workpiece rotating shaft of the processing equipment, acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a workpiece to be processed by using a double-sensor measuring device, and transmitting the position relation signals to a tooth groove position calculating module;
step 6: and 5, finding two tooth sockets with the centers closest to each other in all the tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the workpiece to be machined according to the position signals of all the tooth sockets of the workpiece to be machined obtained in the step 5 by the tooth socket position calculating module, and calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth socket center of the second gear of the workpiece to be machined, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined.
And 7: the tooth socket position calculating module calculates the deviation angle and the deviation direction of the to-be-machined part, which are obtained in the step 6, relative to the calibrating piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 4 as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
and 8: and (4) the tooth socket position calculation module sends a compensation signal to the workpiece rotating shaft of the equipment through the processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated, which are obtained in the step (7), and the workpiece rotating shaft is compensated according to the offset angle and the offset direction, so that automatic centering and compensation are completed.
Further, in the step 1, the position tolerance error of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece is within 1/10 of the required product tolerance.
Further, the processing equipment is a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine and a gear milling machine.
Further, the first gear of the member to be machined is a finished reference tooth, and the second gear is a member to be machined.
Furthermore, the first sensor and the second sensor adopt sensors which are based on electromagnetic induction and laser ranging principles and can detect the central indexing position of the gear tooth groove.
On the other hand, the invention provides a duplicate gear tooth slot quick centering system, which comprises a calibration piece, a double-sensor measuring device and a tooth slot position calculating module, wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the workpiece to be machined;
the double-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket, a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the sensor bracket, and the distance between measuring heads of the first sensor and the second sensor is equal to the distance between the first gear and the second gear;
the first sensor and the second sensor of the double-sensor measuring device respectively correspond to the addendum circles of the first gear and the second gear of the calibration piece/workpiece to be machined; the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two sensors is in the vertical direction;
the tooth socket position calculation module is connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the machining equipment controller; the device comprises an information receiving module, a calibration piece calculating module, a to-be-processed piece calculating module and a deviation position and direction calculating module, wherein:
the information receiving module is used for realizing the following functions: receiving position signals sent by a first sensor and a second sensor;
the calibration piece calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: according to position signals of all tooth grooves of the calibration piece sent by the first sensor and the second sensor, two tooth grooves with the centers closest to each other in all tooth grooves of the first gear and the second gear on the calibration piece are found out, and the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth groove center of the second gear of the calibration piece, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece, are calculated by taking the tooth groove center of the first gear as a reference;
the to-be-processed part calculating module is used for realizing the following functions: and finding two tooth sockets with the centers closest to each other in all the tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the workpiece to be machined according to the position signals of all the tooth sockets of the workpiece to be machined, which are sent by the first sensor and the second sensor, and calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth socket center of the second gear of the workpiece to be machined, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined.
The deviation position and direction calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined relative to the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
an information sending module: and sending a compensation signal to the rotating shaft of the equipment workpiece through a processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction which need to be compensated and are obtained by the offset position and direction calculation module.
Further, the position tolerance error of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece is within 1/10 of the required product tolerance.
Further, the machining equipment is equipment capable of performing fine machining on a tooth part, such as a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine and a gear milling machine.
Further, the first gear of the member to be machined is a finished reference tooth, and the second gear is a member to be machined.
Furthermore, the first sensor and the second sensor adopt sensors which are based on electromagnetic induction and laser ranging principles and can detect the central indexing position of the gear tooth groove.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. and the centering precision is improved.
The invention adopts the high-precision calibration piece with the same external dimension as the workpiece, the high-precision calibration piece is clamped on a clamp of the part to be processed during calibration, and the reference and the positioning position of the calibration piece are the same as the part to be processed, so that the error caused by inaccurate positioning of the part or the measuring heads of the sensors is reduced. The scheme is verified on site, the tooth position precision can stably reach within 0.05mm, and the method is applied to the mass production and processing of parts of the same type at present.
2. Improve the centering work efficiency.
According to the invention, double-sensor measuring heads are adopted, only one detection record is needed to be carried out on the position relation of the two gear rings by using the calibration part in the debugging stage, only one detection action is carried out on each part to be processed in subsequent processing, so that tooth socket centering can be completed, the centering time is equal to the centering time of a single gear, one centering action is reduced compared with single measuring head centering, and the centering time is greatly shortened. The complex process that the traditional error compensation technology needs to be meshed, ground, detected and compensated repeatedly for multiple times to achieve the required precision is avoided, and the precision required by the product can be achieved through one-time debugging. Through field batch application verification, under the condition of ensuring the required precision of a product, the centering time of the method is within 10s, the centering time of the traditional single-measuring-head tooth aligning method for twice is 25s, and the efficiency is improved by more than 1 time.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. The drawings comprise:
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a duplicate gear piece;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a duplicate gear piece.
The reference numerals in the figures have the following meanings:
1-first gear (machined); 2-second gear (to be machined); 3-machining a cutter; 4-a first sensor; 5-a sensor holder; 6-second sensor.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Detailed Description
Following the above technical solution, specific examples of the present invention are given below. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present application fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the terms "inside and outside", "up and down", "left and right" and the like in the present application are based on "inside and outside", "up and down", "left and right" in the drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for quickly centering a tooth slot of a dual gear, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: a calibration piece and a dual-sensor measuring device are prepared. Wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the part to be machined, and the calibration piece can be directly clamped on a clamp of the part to be machined;
the dual-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket 5, a first sensor 4 and a second sensor 6; the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 are installed on the sensor bracket 5, and the distance between the measuring heads of the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 is equal to the distance L between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, which is determined according to the product design requirements.
Step 2: the calibration piece is clamped on a clamp of a piece to be machined, and a double-sensor measuring device is arranged, so that a first sensor 4 and a second sensor 6 respectively correspond to the addendum circles of a first gear 1 and a second gear 2 of the calibration piece and have a certain distance from the addendum circles, wherein the distance is given according to the optimal sensing distance of the adopted sensors; adjusting the double-sensor measuring device to enable the distance between the first sensor 4 and the reference surface C of the calibration piece to be within the range of B +/-1 mm, and measuring by using a conventional ruler to ensure the adjustment of the distance; and the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two sensors is in the vertical direction;
and step 3: starting a workpiece rotating shaft (a coordinate axis C in the figure 1) of the processing equipment, respectively acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear 1 and a second gear 2 on a calibration piece by a first sensor 4 and a second sensor 6, and transmitting the position signals to a tooth groove position calculation module;
and 4, step 4: the tooth groove position calculating module finds two tooth grooves (such as a tooth groove F1 of the first gear 1 and a tooth groove F2 of the second gear 2 in fig. 2) with the centers closest to the centers of all tooth grooves of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 on the calibrating piece according to the position signals of all tooth grooves of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 3, and calculates the offset angle and the offset direction of the center of the tooth groove F2 of the second gear of the calibrating piece, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece, by taking the center of the tooth groove F1 of the first gear 1 as a reference (a in fig. 2);
and 5: and taking down the calibration piece, and installing the workpiece to be processed. Starting a workpiece rotating shaft of the processing equipment, acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear 1 and a second gear 2 on a workpiece to be processed by using a double-sensor measuring device, and transmitting the position relation signals to a tooth groove position calculating module;
in the workpiece to be machined, the first gear 1 is a reference tooth which is subjected to finish machining, the second gear 2 is a tooth to be machined, and the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 are of a sleeved combined structure or an integrated structure according to which gear is required by a product designer to be replaced.
Step 6: the tooth socket position calculating module finds two tooth sockets with the centers closest to the centers of all tooth sockets of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 on the workpiece to be processed according to the position signals of all tooth sockets of the workpiece to be processed obtained in the step 5, and calculates the offset angle and the offset direction of the center of the tooth socket F2 of the second gear 2 of the workpiece to be processed, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be processed by taking the center of the tooth socket F1 of the first gear 1 as a reference (reference A in FIG. 2).
And 7: the tooth socket position calculating module calculates the deviation angle and the deviation direction of the to-be-machined part, which are obtained in the step 6, relative to the calibrating piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 4 as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
and 8: and (3) the tooth socket position calculation module sends a compensation signal to a workpiece rotating shaft (a C coordinate axis in the figure 1) of the equipment through a processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated, the workpiece rotating shaft performs compensation according to the offset angle and the offset direction, and automatic centering and compensation are completed.
After the pair is finished by the method, the machining equipment controls the teeth of the machining tool to enter the compensated tooth socket position of the workpiece to be machined, the machining equipment starts to cut, and the part which is centered and then cut by the method can greatly improve the machining precision.
According to the technical scheme, the calibration piece and the double-sensor detection are adopted, so that two tooth sockets required to be aligned can be found out quickly, the initial position relation of the two gear tooth sockets can be determined, and the alignment accuracy reduction caused by the overall position offset (such as the size B variation error delta B in the figure 1) of the sensor support can be reduced or eliminated. The concrete description is as follows:
if the calibration member is not used, when the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 are helical gears with different helical angles, the overall position of the sensor holder 5 is shifted by Δ B, and then the center offset amounts of the two tooth spaces corresponding to the two probes are different, which may cause an offset error. The delta B value of the measuring head can reach several millimeters in the actual installation and debugging process, the generated offset error is large, and the machining precision is seriously influenced.
When the sensor bracket 5 is installed to generate the integral position deviation delta B, although the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece detected by the double sensors generate offset errors, the tooth groove position calculation module can be used for recording the offset angle and the offset direction of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece, when the position offset of the tooth groove of a workpiece to be machined is compensated, the offset angle and the offset direction of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece detected by the double sensors are compensated to be the same as those of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece detected by the double sensors, namely, the position relation of the machined workpiece tooth grooves is completely the same as that of the calibration piece, because the calibration piece is machined according to the theoretical sizes B and L of a product and is detected to be qualified, the machined workpiece is qualified, therefore, the tooth groove offset errors caused by the integral position deviation delta B of the sensor bracket are effectively eliminated, and as long as a sensor measuring head is in the effective tooth width range of the two gear rings, even though the delta B value of the measuring head can reach several millimeters in the actual installation and debugging process, the position precision of the two tooth sockets of the machined workpiece is not influenced.
The scheme is verified on site, the tooth position precision can stably reach within 0.05mm, and the method is applied to the mass production and processing of parts of the same type at present.
In addition, according to the scheme, the double-sensor measuring head is adopted, only one detection record is needed to be carried out on the position relation of the two gear rings by using the calibration part in the debugging stage, only one detection action is carried out on each part to be machined in the subsequent machining process, the tooth socket centering can be completed, the centering time is equal to the centering time of a single gear, one centering action is reduced compared with the centering of a single measuring head, and the centering time is greatly shortened. The complex process that the traditional error compensation technology needs to be meshed, ground, detected and compensated repeatedly for multiple times to achieve the required precision is avoided, and the precision required by the product can be achieved through one-time debugging. Through field batch application verification, under the condition of ensuring the required precision of a product, the centering time of the method is within 10s, the centering time of the traditional single-measuring-head tooth aligning method for twice is 25s, and the efficiency is improved by more than 1 time.
Preferably, in step 1, the position error of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece is within 1/10 of the required tolerance of the product, and if the required position error is 0.05mm, the position error of the calibration workpiece should be less than or equal to 0.005 mm.
Preferably, the dual-sensor measuring device is mounted in a relatively large space on the processing device, and can be moved or pivoted relative to the duplicate gear. Specifically, the sensor holder 5 may be hinged to the processing equipment by a link mechanism or a hinge, so that the distance between the sensor holder 5 and the two sensors as a whole relative to the dual gear is adjustable. Alternatively, the sensor support 5 is mounted on a movable platform to allow the position of the sensor relative to the dual gear to be adjusted.
Preferably, the machining equipment in the present invention is common equipment capable of performing fine machining of a tooth portion, such as a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine, and a gear milling machine, but is not limited to the above equipment.
Preferably, the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 are sensors capable of detecting the indexing position of the tooth space center of the gear based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and laser ranging, but are not limited to the above sensors.
Example 2:
this embodiment provides a quick centering system of duplicate gear tooth's socket, including calibration piece, two sensor measuring device and tooth's socket position calculation module, wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the part to be machined, and the calibration piece can be clamped on a clamp of the part to be machined;
the dual-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket 5, a first sensor 4 and a second sensor 6; the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 are installed on the sensor bracket 5, and the distance between the measuring heads of the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 is equal to the distance L between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, which is determined according to the product design requirements.
The first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 of the double-sensor measuring device respectively correspond to the addendum circles of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 of the calibration piece/the workpiece to be machined; the distance between the first sensor 4 and the workpiece reference plane C is within the range of B +/-1 mm, and the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two sensors is in the vertical direction;
the tooth socket position calculation module is connected with the first sensor 4, the second sensor 6 and the machining equipment controller; the device comprises an information receiving module, a calibration piece calculating module, a to-be-processed piece calculating module and a deviation position and direction calculating module, wherein:
the information receiving module is used for realizing the following functions: receiving position signals sent by the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6;
the calibration piece calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: according to the position signals of all tooth grooves of the calibration piece sent by the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6, two tooth grooves (such as the tooth groove F1 of the first gear 1 and the tooth groove F2 of the second gear 2 in fig. 2) with the centers closest to each other in all tooth grooves of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 on the calibration piece are found, and the offset angle and the offset direction of the center of the tooth groove F2 of the second gear of the calibration piece, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece are calculated by taking the center of the tooth groove F1 of the first gear 1 as a reference (reference A in fig. 2);
the to-be-processed part calculating module is used for realizing the following functions: according to the position signals of all tooth sockets of the to-be-processed workpiece sent by the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6, two tooth sockets with the centers closest to the centers of all tooth sockets of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 on the to-be-processed workpiece are found, and the offset angle and the offset direction of the center of the tooth socket F2 of the second gear 2 of the to-be-processed workpiece, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the to-be-processed workpiece are calculated by taking the center of the tooth socket F1 of the first gear 1 as a reference.
The deviation position and direction calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined relative to the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
an information sending module: and sending a compensation signal to a rotating shaft (a C coordinate axis in the figure 1) of the equipment workpiece by a processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction which need to be compensated and are obtained by the offset position and direction calculation module. So that the workpiece rotation axis is compensated according to the compensation signal.
Preferably, the position error of the two reference tooth grooves of the calibration piece is within 1/10 of the required tolerance of the product, and if the required position error is 0.05mm, the position error of the calibration workpiece should be less than or equal to 0.005 mm.
In the workpiece to be machined, the first gear 1 is a reference tooth which is subjected to finish machining, the second gear 2 is a tooth to be machined, and the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 are of a sleeved combined structure or an integrated structure according to which gear is required by a product designer to be replaced.
Preferably, the double-sensor measuring device further comprises a sensor bracket 5, the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 are mounted on the sensor bracket 5, and the distance between the measuring heads of the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 is equal to the distance L between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, which is determined according to the product design requirements.
Preferably, the dual-sensor measuring device is mounted in a relatively large space on the processing device, and can be moved or pivoted relative to the duplicate gear. Specifically, the sensor holder 5 may be hinged to the processing equipment by a link mechanism or a hinge, so that the distance between the sensor holder 5 and the two sensors as a whole relative to the dual gear is adjustable. Alternatively, the sensor support 5 is mounted on a movable platform to allow the position of the sensor relative to the dual gear to be adjusted.
Preferably, the machining equipment in the present invention is common equipment capable of performing fine machining of a tooth portion, such as a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine, and a gear milling machine, but is not limited to the above equipment.
Preferably, the first sensor 4 and the second sensor 6 are sensors capable of detecting the indexing position of the tooth space center of the gear based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and laser ranging, but are not limited to the above sensors.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly centering a tooth slot of a duplicate gear is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: preparing a calibration piece and a double-sensor measuring device; wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the workpiece to be machined;
the double-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket, a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the sensor bracket, and the distance between measuring heads of the first sensor and the second sensor is equal to the distance between the first gear and the second gear;
step 2: the method comprises the following steps of clamping a calibration piece on a clamp of a piece to be machined, installing a double-sensor measuring device to enable a first sensor and a second sensor to respectively correspond to the addendum circles of a first gear and a second gear of the calibration piece, and enabling a connecting line between measuring heads of the two sensors to be in a vertical direction;
and step 3: starting a workpiece rotating shaft of the machining equipment, and respectively acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a calibration piece by a first sensor and a second sensor and transmitting the position signals to a tooth groove position calculation module;
and 4, step 4: the tooth socket position calculating module finds out two tooth sockets with the centers closest to the centers in all tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the calibrating piece according to the position signals of all tooth sockets of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 3, and calculates the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth socket center of the second gear of the calibrating piece by taking the tooth socket center of the first gear as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece;
and 5: taking down the calibration piece and installing a to-be-machined piece; starting a workpiece rotating shaft of the processing equipment, acquiring position signals of all tooth grooves of a first gear and a second gear on a workpiece to be processed by using a double-sensor measuring device, and transmitting the position signals to a tooth groove position calculating module;
step 6: the tooth socket position calculating module finds out two tooth sockets with the centers closest to the centers of all tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the workpiece to be machined according to the position signals of all tooth sockets of the workpiece to be machined obtained in the step 5, and calculates the offset angle and the offset direction of the tooth socket center of the second gear of the workpiece to be machined, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined by taking the tooth socket center of the first gear as a reference;
and 7: the tooth socket position calculating module calculates the deviation angle and the deviation direction of the to-be-machined part, which are obtained in the step 6, relative to the calibrating piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibrating piece obtained in the step 4 as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
and 8: and (4) the tooth socket position calculation module sends a compensation signal to the workpiece rotating shaft of the equipment through the processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated, which are obtained in the step (7), and the workpiece rotating shaft is compensated according to the offset angle and the offset direction, so that automatic centering and compensation are completed.
2. The method for rapidly centering a double pinion slot as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the position degree error of the two reference slots of the calibration piece is within 1/10 of the product requirement tolerance.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the machining device is a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine or a gear milling machine.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the first gear of the member to be machined is a finished reference tooth and the second gear is a member to be machined.
5. The method for rapidly centering a double gear tooth slot according to claim 1, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are sensors capable of detecting the central indexing position of the gear tooth slot based on the principle of electromagnetic induction or laser ranging.
6. The utility model provides a pair gear tooth's socket quick centering system which characterized in that, includes calibration piece, two sensor measuring device and tooth's socket position calculation module, wherein:
the shape and the size of the calibration piece are the same as those of the workpiece to be machined;
the double-sensor measuring device comprises a sensor bracket, a first sensor and a second sensor; the first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the sensor bracket, and the distance between measuring heads of the first sensor and the second sensor is equal to the distance between the first gear and the second gear;
the first sensor and the second sensor of the double-sensor measuring device respectively correspond to the addendum circles of the first gear and the second gear of the calibration piece/workpiece to be machined; the connecting line between the measuring heads of the two sensors is in the vertical direction;
the tooth socket position calculation module is connected with the first sensor, the second sensor and the machining equipment controller; the device comprises an information receiving module, a calibration piece calculating module, a to-be-processed piece calculating module and a deviation position and direction calculating module, wherein:
the information receiving module is used for realizing the following functions: receiving position signals sent by a first sensor and a second sensor;
the calibration piece calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: finding out two tooth grooves with the centers closest to the centers of all the tooth grooves of the first gear and the second gear on the calibration piece according to position signals of all the tooth grooves of the calibration piece sent by the first sensor and the second sensor, and calculating an offset angle and an offset direction of the center of the tooth groove F2 of the second gear of the calibration piece by taking the center of the tooth groove of the first gear as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece;
the to-be-processed part calculating module is used for realizing the following functions: finding out two tooth sockets with the centers closest to each other in all the tooth sockets of the first gear and the second gear on the workpiece to be machined according to position signals of all the tooth sockets of the workpiece to be machined, which are sent by the first sensor and the second sensor, and calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the center of the tooth socket F2 of the second gear of the workpiece to be machined, namely the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined by taking the center of the tooth socket of the first gear as a reference;
the deviation position and direction calculation module is used for realizing the following functions: calculating the offset angle and the offset direction of the workpiece to be machined relative to the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece by taking the offset angle and the offset direction of the calibration piece as a reference, namely the offset angle and the offset direction to be compensated;
an information sending module: and sending a compensation signal to the rotating shaft of the equipment workpiece through a processing equipment controller according to the offset angle and the offset direction which need to be compensated and are obtained by the offset position and direction calculation module.
7. A dual gear tooth slot fast centering system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said alignment member two reference tooth slots are positioned within 1/10 of the product required tolerance.
8. A dual gear tooth slot rapid centering system as claimed in claim 6, wherein said machining apparatus is a gear grinding machine, a gear hobbing machine or a gear milling machine.
9. A duplicate gear tooth slot rapid centering system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said first gear to be machined is a finished reference tooth and said second gear is a tooth to be machined.
10. A rapid dual gear tooth slot centering system according to claim 6, wherein the first sensor and the second sensor are sensors capable of detecting the central indexing position of the gear tooth slot based on electromagnetic induction or laser ranging principle.
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| CN202011506616.8A CN112719473B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Rapid centering method and system for tooth grooves of duplicate gears |
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| CN202011506616.8A CN112719473B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Rapid centering method and system for tooth grooves of duplicate gears |
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| CN112719473B true CN112719473B (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4414495A (en) * | 1981-10-27 | 1983-11-08 | Kashifuji Works, Ltd. | Synchronism equipment for gear cutting machines |
| JP2004066257A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2004-03-04 | Toyota Motor Corp | Press-forming die and method for producing double helical gear |
| CN102183528A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2011-09-14 | 宁波工程学院 | Defect detection device and method of duplicate gear |
| CN103575530A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-02-12 | 上海致格自动化系统工程有限公司 | Intelligent control double-meshing automobile gear precision detection system |
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| CN112719473A (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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