CN112716661A

CN112716661A - Novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint printed by 3D

Info

Publication number: CN112716661A
Application number: CN202011533979.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王奉涛; 吕秉华; 王新家
Original assignee: Shantou University; Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
Current assignee: Shantou University; Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College
Priority date: 2020-12-22
Filing date: 2020-12-22
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2040-12-22
Also published as: CN112716661B

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a 3D printed novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint, which comprises an upper cone, a nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit and a lower cone, wherein the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit comprises a nucleus pulposus body and a medical spring, the nucleus pulposus body comprises an upper spherical surface of the nucleus pulposus body, a nucleus pulposus main body and a nucleus pulposus lower connecting body which are of an integrated structure, a concave surface matched with the upper spherical surface of the nucleus pulposus body is arranged on the bottom surface of the upper cone and is contacted with the upper spherical surface of the nucleus pulposus body through the spherical surface, a channel for allowing the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body to move is arranged in the lower cone, the medical spring is arranged in the channel and acts on the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body, a spring limiting plate bayonet which is penetrated into the channel by inertia is arranged on the side surface of the lower cone, and a. The invention can solve the problems of prosthesis dislocation after the existing artificial cervical intervertebral disc replacement, difficult installation of the existing artificial cervical intervertebral disc and the like.

Description

Novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint printed by 3D

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical prosthesis and 3D printing, in particular to a novel artificial cervical interbody joint printed in a 3D mode.

Background

Cervical spondylosis takes protrusion of intervertebral disc as a main pathogenic cause, pain can be relieved by massage with light degree, diseased intervertebral disc needs to be removed by operation for more serious cervical spondylosis, and artificial intervertebral disc prosthesis is implanted into the intervertebral of a patient by cervical intervertebral disc replacement; however, artificial intervertebral disc prostheses also have some disadvantages: firstly, the product has a complicated structure and single size selection, and for some individuals with larger or smaller vertebrae, the intervertebral height can not be well maintained after the prosthesis is implanted, so that the intervertebral space is too large or too small, the joint mobility is reduced, and finally, soft tissue ossification is caused; secondly, the product has poor fatigue resistance and abrasion resistance, so that the prosthesis is easy to wear, most of the prosthesis supports are of metal structures, the biocompatibility of the prosthesis supports and the original vertebral tissues is extremely poor, the distribution rule of human body biomechanics is easy to damage, and the artificial prosthesis falls off.

And the artificial skeleton printed by 3D can well solve the problems. The 3D printing technology is one of the rapid prototyping technologies, and is a technology for constructing an object by using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic on the basis of a digital model in a layer-by-layer stacking manner, so that many complex structures can be printed. For vertebrae with serious pathological changes, which have bone spurs and even bone necrosis, the requirement for implanting the artificial intervertebral disc prosthesis cannot be met, and at this time, a part of vertebrae of a patient needs to be cut off and replaced by a 3D printed bionic cervical vertebra shoulder joint. Through operation intercepting patient's pathological change partial vertebra to replace with the bionical vertebra of 3D printing and the intervertebral disc that designs, this kind closes energy-well and combines with patient's vertebra between bionical cervical vertebra based on 3D printing, can satisfy almost all patient's individualized demands. The existing artificial cervical intervertebral disc on the market adopts the traditional simplified structure of the human cervical vertebra, the function and the form are single, the shapes of the cervical end plates of each patient are different, the existing standard implant cannot be matched with the physiological parameters of all patients, the artificial intervertebral disc is easy to fall off, the individualized requirement and the requirement of flexible manufacturing are difficult to adapt, in addition, the activity intensity of the existing artificial cervical intervertebral disc is limited, and the success of the operation is difficult to ensure.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint printed in a 3D mode. Can improve the movement strength and firmness of the artificial cervical intervertebral joint and improve the success rate of the operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint printed in 3D, which comprises an upper cone, a nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit and a lower cone, the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit comprises a nucleus pulposus body and a medical spring, the nucleus pulposus body comprises an upper spherical surface of the nucleus pulposus body, a nucleus pulposus main body and a nucleus pulposus lower connecting body which are of an integrated structure, the bottom surface of the upper cone is provided with a concave surface which is inosculated with the spherical surface of the pith core body, the upper cone and the pith core body are contacted through the spherical surface, a channel for the movement of the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body is arranged in the lower cone, the medical spring is arranged in the channel, acting on the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body, wherein a spring limiting plate bayonet which is inserted into the channel is arranged on the side surface of the lower cone, and a spring limiting clamping plate for limiting the medical spring to be in a compressed state is inserted into the bayonet of the spring limiting plate.

Wherein, the nucleus pulposus-spring constitutional unit still includes connector under spring supporter, the spring supporter includes the connector on spliced pole, the fixed disc of spring under the fixed disc of spring, the fixed disc of spring passes through the fixed disc of spring on the connector with connector fixed connection under the nucleus pulposus, the fixed disc of spring under the spliced pole fixed set up in the fixed disc lower surface of spring, the connector fixed set up in under the spring the bottom of passageway, medical spring set up in under the fixed disc of spring between the connector under spliced pole, the spring.

Wherein, the tail end of the spring limiting clamping plate acts between the spring fixing disc and the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body.

Wherein, the upper surface of the upper cone and the lower surface of the lower cone are provided with irregular cylindrical osteogenic pores.

Wherein, the side edges of the upper cone and the lower cone are provided with positioning perforations matched with the osteotomy of the human body.

Wherein, the shapes of the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body and the channel are both cylinders which are matched with each other.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention effectively solves the problem of difficult installation in the process of artificial cervical intervertebral joint replacement. When the artificial cervical intervertebral joint replacement operation is carried out, the installation mode of the integrated structure is difficult to install, the operation time is long, and the operation risk is large.

(2) The invention adopts perforation for fixation. Compared with the traditional fixing method of additionally arranging the fixing ears on and under the cervical vertebra shoulder joint, the perforation fixing ensures that the joint of the artificial cervical vertebra shoulder joint and the upper and lower vertebrae is firmer, the stress distribution is more uniform during the movement, and the stress concentration can not be generated.

(3) The present invention is an asymmetric intervertebral disc design. The upper spherical surface 13 of the marrow nucleus body is the upper half part of the intervertebral disc and is a hemispherical surface which is tightly attached to the printed upper vertebra, can realize the twisting and tilting actions with multiple degrees of freedom and has certain elasticity; the nucleus pulposus body 12 is a nucleus pulposus body, has a lateral concave structure, and cannot bulge out of an intervertebral disc due to the extrusion of upper and lower vertebrae in a stress process due to the special structure; the nucleus pulposus lower connecting body 11 is the lower half part of the intervertebral disc and is a cylinder and mainly used for preventing the artificial intervertebral disc from falling off. Therefore, the design of the intervertebral disc not only enables a person to move with multiple degrees of freedom, but also can effectively prevent the intervertebral disc from bulging and falling off.

(4) The upper and lower vertebral bodies are of different sizes. The patient may have more bone necrosis to remove, and may be provided with a medical spring to minimize the removal of the vertebrae.

(5) The bionic cervical vertebra shoulder joint is combined with a 3D printing technology, and the diseased vertebra and intervertebral disc of a patient are replaced by the bionic cervical vertebra shoulder joint printed in a 3D mode, so that the problems of complex structure and unmatched size and model of a vertebral body can be solved to the greatest extent; the upper and lower printed vertebrae have cylindrical small holes on their surfaces and are coated with nano bone affinity material, so that it can be used for loading the inducing factors secreted by vertebrae and making the printed vertebrae and vertebrae be better fused together.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an exploded view in half section of the inventive structure;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an upper cone of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a lower cone of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an assembly view of the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a semi-sectional view of the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit of the invention in a compressed state;

FIG. 6 is a view of the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit of the invention in a compressed state;

FIG. 7 is a view of the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit of the invention in an extended state;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 osteogenic pores; 2, an upper cone; 2-1, a concave surface; 2-2, an upper end plate; 3, positioning and perforating; 4, a lower cone; 4-1 nucleus pulposus-spring structure unit moving channel; 4-2 lower end plate; 5, a spring limiting plate bayonet; 6, a spring limiting clamping plate; 7, a lower spring connecting body; 8, a medical spring; 9 spring fixing disc; 9-1 spring fixing disc lower connecting column; 10 spring fixing disc upper connector; 11 a sub-nucleus pulposus connector; 12 a nucleus pulposus body; 13 spherical on the nucleus.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint printed in 3D comprises an upper cone 2, a nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit and a lower cone 4; the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit comprises a nucleus pulposus body, a spring supporting body, a medical spring 8 and a spring lower connecting body 7; the nucleus pulposus body comprises a nucleus pulposus upper spherical surface 13, a nucleus pulposus main body 12 and a nucleus pulposus lower connecting body 11; the spring support body comprises a spring fixing disc 9, a spring fixing disc lower connecting column 9-1 and a spring fixing disc upper connecting body 10; the lower spring connector 7 is installed at the bottom of the moving channel 4-1.

A motion channel 4-1 is arranged in the lower cone 4, and a spring limiting plate bayonet 5 is arranged on the side surface of the lower cone 4.

An irregular cylindrical osteogenic aperture 1 is provided in the upper surface of the superior vertebra 2 and the inferior surface of the inferior vertebra 4 for receiving an osteogenesis inducing factor.

As the axonometric drawing of going up cone 2 shown in fig. 2, go up cone 2 and be provided with osteotomy matched with location perforation 3, location perforation 3 runs through whole last cone, and when combining together fixedly with the human cone, the location is more accurate, connects more firmly. Meanwhile, a concave surface 2-1 which is matched with the spherical surface 13 on the marrow nucleus body is arranged, the spherical surface 13 on the marrow nucleus body is contacted with the concave surface 2-1 inside the upper cone 2 through the spherical surface, and the functions of buffering and dispersing stress are realized in the process of stretching the cervical vertebra.

As shown in fig. 3, the lower cone 4 and the upper cone 2 are asymmetric structural features. The structure characteristics of different vertebrae of a human body are known, the upper vertebrae and the lower vertebrae have slight structure difference, in order to realize convenient installation, reduce the operation risk of the artificial cervical intervertebral joint and improve the operability of the operation, a channel 4-1 for the movement of the nucleus pulposus-spring structure unit is arranged in the lower vertebrae 4, the arranged movement channel 4-1 is positioned at the central part of the lower vertebrae 4, the shape is a cylindrical shape, so that the friction resistance of the nucleus pulposus-spring unit can be reduced in the extending process, a positioning perforation hole 3 matched with the osteotomy of the human body is arranged, penetrates through the whole lower vertebrae 4, is distributed on one side of the side surface of the lower vertebrae 4, and is a pair.

As can be seen from fig. 4, the nucleus pulposus-spring structure unit comprises a nucleus pulposus upper spherical surface 13, a nucleus pulposus body main body 12, a nucleus pulposus lower connecting body 11, a spring fixing disc 9, a spring fixing disc lower connecting column 9-1, a spring fixing disc upper connecting body 10, a medical spring 8 and a spring lower connecting body 7, wherein the medical spring 8 has high elastic potential energy and high mobility, the upper end of the medical spring 3 is in interference fit with the spring fixing disc lower connecting column 9-1, the lower end of the medical spring 3 is also in interference fit with the spring lower connecting body 7, and the interference fit connection is simple and firm. The nucleus pulposus-spring structure unit mode is adopted, the medical spring 8 is combined with the nucleus pulposus body, the intensity of cervical vertebra movement can be improved, and meanwhile, the high flexibility of the movement of the nucleus pulposus body is improved.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, before the operation, the artificial cervical intervertebral joint is in a compressed state, the spring limiting clamping plate 6 passes through the bayonet 5 of the spring limiting plate arranged on the lower cone 4 and is blocked on the spring fixing disc 9 to limit the medical spring, so that the nucleus pulposus-spring movable unit 14 is in a compressed state, and the upper cone 2 and the lower vertebra 4 are in a tight gap position. As can be seen from fig. 6, when the operation is performed, the artificial cervical intervertebral joint with the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit in a compressed state is implanted into the osteotomy space, so that the convenience of the operation is greatly improved, and the complexity of the installation of the artificial cervical intervertebral joint is reduced.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, in the operation process, the artificial cervical vertebra joint which is already installed in the human body osteotomy space is fixed in the human body osteotomy space through the fixing through hole 3 on the side surface of the upper cone 2 and the lower cone 4, then the spring limiting clamping plate 6 is taken out from the spring limiting plate bayonet 5 arranged on the lower vertebra 4, the spring limiting clamping plate 6 is not blocked on the spring fixing disc 9, the medical spring 8 is in an extending state, at the time, the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit is lifted in the movement channel 4-1 under the thrust of the medical spring 8, the nucleus pulposus upper spherical core body 13 is in spherical combination with the concave surface 2-1 arranged in the upper cone 2, the medical spring 8 is in the extending state and has certain pretightening force, so that the medical spring 8 is combined with the nucleus pulposus 14, the nucleus pulposus 14 is installed in place through the medical spring 8 by means of the movement channel 4-1, simplifies the surgical procedure and also enhances the strength and firmness of the motion of the nucleus pulposus body 14.

The artificial cervical intervertebral joint has the advantages of ingenious structural design and simple manufacture, and increases the motion activity of the cervical vertebra while improving the motion intensity of the cervical vertebra. (the spring enhances the exercise intensity, the upper spherical surface 13 of the nucleus pulposus body improves the range and the mobility of the cervical vertebra movement)

The upper vertebra 2 and the lower vertebra 5 are connected with the cervical vertebra of the human body through the positioning perforation 3, the connection mode is simple, and the strength is reliable.

Before the operation, adopt spring limiting plate 6 to be spacing nucleus pulposus-spring constitutional unit at compression state, easy to assemble and simplify the operation step, after artifical cervical intervertebral joint implantation osteotomy space, take out spring limiting clamping plate 6, make the nucleus pulposus body 14 rise to with the inside anastomotic within range of upper cone 2, improved the success nature of operation greatly, improved the intensity and the dynamics of cervical vertebra activity simultaneously.

The invention can be used in the operation treatment of various artificial intervertebral joints, can realize individual requirements by adjusting the 3D printing process aiming at different individual cervical intervertebral discs and cervical vertebra structures, enlarges the application range of the artificial intervertebral joints and brings good news to patients.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a joint between novel artifical cervical vertebra that 3D printed, its characterized in that, includes cone, nucleus pulposus-spring constitutional unit, lower cone, nucleus pulposus-spring constitutional unit includes nucleus pulposus body, medical spring, the nucleus pulposus body includes spherical surface, nucleus pulposus main part, nucleus pulposus lower connector on the nucleus pulposus body of integrative structure, go up the cone bottom surface be provided with the identical concave surface of spherical surface on the nucleus pulposus body, both contact through the spherical surface, the cone is inside to be provided with down and to be used for the confession the passageway of connector motion under the nucleus pulposus, medical spring set up in the passageway, and act on connector under the nucleus pulposus, the cone side is provided with one and is used for wearing to spring limiting plate bayonet socket in the passageway, it is equipped with the restriction to insert in the spring limiting plate bayonet socket of spring medical spring.

2. The 3D-printed novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to claim 1, wherein the nucleus pulposus-spring structural unit further comprises a spring support body and a spring lower connector, the spring support body comprises a spring fixing disc, a spring fixing disc lower connecting column and a spring fixing disc upper connector, the spring fixing disc is fixedly connected with the nucleus pulposus lower connector through the spring fixing disc upper connector, the spring fixing disc lower connecting column is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the spring fixing disc, the spring lower connector is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the channel, and the medical spring is arranged between the spring fixing disc lower connecting column and the spring lower connector.

3. The 3D-printed novel artificial inter-cervical joint according to claim 2, wherein the spring limiting snap plate end acts between the spring fixation disc and the sub-nucleus pulposus connector.

4. The 3D printed novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to claim 3, wherein the upper surface of the upper cone and the lower surface of the lower cone are provided with irregular cylindrical osteogenic small holes.

5. The 3D printed novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to claim 4, wherein the side edges of the upper cone and the lower cone are provided with positioning perforations matched with the osteotomy of the human body.

6. The 3D printed novel artificial cervical intervertebral joint according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shape of the sub-nucleus pulposus connector and the shape of the channel are both matched cylinders.