CN112706933A - System and method for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft. The system comprises a flight management system, an automatic flight system and a human-computer interaction system. The automatic flight system can determine a decision height and a safety range of the decision height corresponding to the current flight state and capable of meeting the safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing program and the monitoring parameters; and reading the currently set values of the decision height and the decision height, comparing the currently set values of the decision height and the decision height with the minimum value of the safety range, and outputting information outwards based on the comparison result. The invention realizes the intelligent evaluation of the approaching and landing capability of the airplane and the intelligentization of the warning information prompt, saves the time for the pilot to analyze and understand the warning information and lightens the workload of the pilot in flight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of civil aviation, in particular to a system and a method for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability of an aircraft.
Background
In the design of cockpit display systems of modern civil aircraft, aspects of evaluating the approaching and landing capabilities of the aircraft, and providing warnings about the evaluation results, etc., are important in avionics design. The existing assessment of the approaching and landing capability of the aircraft depends on self judgment of a pilot or more complex logic, so that the assessment process is longer and the result is not accurate enough. The commonly used warning message method of the existing aircraft is generally as follows: the warning state is prompted in an FMA or CAS window by using character string modes such as APPR2 ONLY, NO AUTOLAND and the like, the warning mode is not concise and intelligent enough, the next operation of the pilot after the automatic approach and landing capability of the pilot is degraded cannot be intuitively prompted, and the pilot cannot be prompted whether the current decision height/altitude setting is matched with the current automatic approach and landing capability of the airplane or not. The existing method for standardizing the operation of a pilot by calling through a standard program increases the operation memory items and the workload of the pilot.
Accordingly, there is a need to provide a system for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft that addresses, at least in part, the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a system and method for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft. The invention realizes the intelligent evaluation of the approaching and landing capabilities of the airplane. In addition, the display method provided by the invention can be visual and clear, and prompts and alarms for judging whether the current judging height and judging height setting accords with the automatic approach and landing capability are provided for the pilot in a targeted manner at the judging height and judging height display windows. In addition, the current setting of the decision altitude and the decision altitude does not match the approaching and landing capabilities, so that the pilot can remove the alarm state only by correspondingly modifying the setting of the decision altitude and the decision altitude according to the actual approaching and landing capabilities, the intellectualization of alarm information prompt is realized, the time for analyzing and understanding the alarm information by the pilot is saved, and the workload of the pilot in flight is reduced.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a system for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft is provided, the system comprising a flight management system, an automatic flight system, and a human-machine interaction system. The flight management system is configured to be able to initiate an automatic approach landing procedure of the aircraft, to complete a decision altitude, to set the value of the decision altitude and to collect, by means of the flight management system, monitoring parameters of the radio altimeter, the GPS, the instrument landing system. The automatic flight system is communicatively connected with the flight management system and is configured to be capable of: determining a decision height, a safety range of the decision height corresponding to the current flight state and capable of meeting the safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing procedure and the monitoring parameters; reading the current set decision height and decision height values, comparing the current set decision height and decision height values with the minimum value of the safety range, and outputting information outwards based on the comparison result. The human-computer interaction system includes a communicatively connected control panel and a display device configured to receive information from the automatic flight system regarding automatic flight approach and landing capabilities. Wherein the automatic flight system is configured to be able to read the currently set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude, from the flight management system or the control panel.
According to the scheme, the prompt of whether the current decision height and the decision height setting accord with the automatic approach and landing capability can be visually, clearly and pertinently given to the pilot. The system realizes the intellectualization of the warning information prompt, saves the time for the pilot to analyze and understand the warning information and lightens the workload of the pilot in flight.
In one embodiment, the human-computer interaction system is configured to be capable of: the pilot inputs the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude to be used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude; and under the condition that the automatic flight system recommends the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude to the pilot through the display device, the automatic flight system is operated by the pilot to select, so that the selection result is used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude.
According to the scheme, a more detailed implementation mode which can be realized based on a human-computer interaction system is provided.
In one embodiment, the system is further configured to automatically determine the decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude based on the current flight parameters, as a function of the aircraft's own system capabilities, and to use this as the set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude.
In one embodiment, the system is configured to alert the outside through the display device when the currently set decision height, the value of decision height is less than the minimum value of the safety range.
In one embodiment, the automatic flight system is configured to prompt the pilot to reset the value of decision altitude, decision altitude via the display means when the currently set value of decision altitude, decision altitude is less than the minimum value of the safety range.
According to the solutions, the specific solutions for setting the decision height and the decision height are provided, and a user and a manufacturer can set and select the solutions according to needs.
In one embodiment, the display device is configured to have a normal display mode and an alert display mode in which the system can alert the outside by using a different color for the readings than in the normal display mode. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to particular types of alarms, and that audible alarms, tactile alarms, etc. are within the scope of the invention as claimed.
According to the scheme, the alarm is given in a clearly visible mode, the alarm information can be prevented from being lost by an operator, and therefore the safety factor can be improved.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability by a system according to any one of the above aspects, the method comprising the steps of: starting an automatic approach landing program of the aircraft; setting the decision height and the value of the decision height; monitoring parameters of a radio altimeter, a GPS and an instrument landing system are collected through a flight management system; determining, by an automatic flight system, a decision height, a safety range of decision heights corresponding to a current flight state so as to be able to satisfy a safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing procedure and the monitoring parameter; reading currently set decision height and decision height values from a control panel of the flight management system or the human-computer interaction system through an automatic flight system; and comparing the currently set decision altitude and the value of the decision altitude with the minimum value of the safety range through an automatic flight system, and displaying the comparison result through a display system.
According to the scheme, the prompt of whether the current decision height and the decision height setting accord with the automatic approach and landing capability can be visually, clearly and pertinently given to the pilot. The system realizes the intellectualization of the warning information prompt, saves the time for the pilot to analyze and understand the warning information and lightens the workload of the pilot in flight.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises setting the decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude, by the pilot manually entering or activating default parameters in the FMS via the human machine interaction system.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises automatically determining the decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude as the set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude based on the current flight parameters according to the aircraft's own system capabilities.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises recommending a decision altitude, a decision altitude value for the pilot to select based on the approach landing procedure, and using the pilot selection as the set decision altitude, decision altitude value.
According to the solutions, the specific solutions for setting the decision height and the decision height are provided, and a user and a manufacturer can set and select the solutions according to needs.
In one embodiment, when the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, the display device gives an alarm to the outside. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to particular types of alarms, and that audible alarms, tactile alarms, etc. are within the scope of the invention as claimed.
According to the scheme, specific alarm logic is given.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and when the currently set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, reminding the pilot to reset the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude through a display system.
According to the scheme, a mechanism for manual correction of the pilot is provided.
In one embodiment, when the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, the reading is externally warned by the display device in a manner of using a color different from the common state.
According to the scheme, the alarm is given in a clearly visible mode, the alarm information can be prevented from being lost by an operator, and therefore the safety factor can be improved.
The method and the system provided by the invention are visual and simple, can reduce the time for the pilot to acquire and process information, reduce the workload and reduce the occurrence probability of human errors. The system realizes complete frame design, comprises multi-system cooperative crosslinking, and ensures the effectiveness of human-computer interaction and the integrity of information transmission. The driving logic innovatively displays the warning of unmatched approaching capacity in the regions of the decision altitude and the decision altitude, and pertinently prompts the pilot to operate a correct program.
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For a better understanding of the above and other objects, features, advantages and functions of the present invention, reference should be made to the preferred embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings refer to like parts. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the drawings are intended to illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention without any limiting effect on the scope of the invention, and that the various components in the drawings are not drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a communication diagram of a system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of the method in the preferred embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the normal display of the decision altitude and the decision altitude in the preferred embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the alarm display of decision altitude and decision altitude in the preferred embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an automatic flight control panel in the system of the preferred embodiment.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. What has been described herein is merely a preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention and other ways of practicing the invention will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the scope of the invention.
The present invention provides a system and method for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft, and a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1-5.
Referring first to FIG. 1, there is a preferred embodiment of a system for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft that includes a flight management system and an automatic flight system and a human-machine interaction system. The automatic flight system and the flight management system are communicatively connected, and the display system and the automatic flight system are communicatively connected. Moreover, an operator can adjust the automatic flight system through the automatic flight control panel, and the operator can check the flight management system through a flight management page. The interface to the automatic flight control panel is shown in fig. 5.
Further, the flight management system is configured to be able to initiate an automatic approach landing procedure of the aircraft, to complete the decision altitude, to set the value of the decision altitude and to collect, by means of the flight management system, monitoring parameters of the radio altimeter, the GPS, the instrument landing system. The automatic flight system can determine a decision height, a safety range of the decision height corresponding to the current flight state and capable of meeting the safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing procedure and the monitoring parameters. In addition, the automatic flight system can also read the currently set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude, compare the currently set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude with the minimum value of the safety range, and output information based on the comparison result. The human-computer interaction system includes a control panel and a display device communicatively coupled to each other, the display device configured to receive information from the automatic flight system regarding the automatic flight approach and landing capabilities. Finally, the display system displays information externally through the PFD display page or other display pages. The automatic flight system can read the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height from a control panel of the flight management system or the human-computer interaction system.
The display system further comprises a human-machine interaction system (e.g. a display control panel as shown in fig. 1) configured to enable the pilot to input the values of the decision altitude, decision altitude as set values of the decision altitude, decision altitude. Alternatively, in the case where the automatic flight system recommends the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude to the pilot via the display device, the pilot makes a selection through the human-computer interaction system, and the selection result is used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude.
Setting the decision height and the decision height value can be realized in various ways. For example, the system is also configured to be able to automatically determine the decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude based on the current flight parameters, according to the aircraft's own system capabilities, and to take this as the set value of the decision altitude, the decision altitude. Or the system is configured to alarm the outside through the display device when the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range. Alternatively, the automatic flight system is configured to prompt the pilot to reset the value of the decision altitude, through the display means when the currently set value of the decision altitude, the decision altitude is less than the minimum value of the safety range.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the display device is configured to have a normal display mode (see fig. 3) and an alarm display mode (see fig. 4), and the display interface includes two parts of a type (BARO/RADIO) and a reading. The decision height of the alert display mode, the color of the reading of the decision height, or the background color is different from the ordinary display mode. In the alert display mode the system can alert the outside by using a different color for the readings than in the normal display mode. For example, in fig. 4, a portion indicated by a numerical value of "50" may be displayed in yellow.
The method implemented by the above system is described below with reference to fig. 2. The method comprises the following steps: starting an automatic approach landing program of the aircraft; setting the decision height and the value of the decision height; monitoring parameters of a radio altimeter, a GPS and an instrument landing system are collected through a flight management system; determining a decision height corresponding to the current flight state based on an approach landing program and monitoring parameters through an automatic flight system so as to meet the safety range of the decision height and the safety range of the decision height of the aircraft; reading the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height from a flight management system through an automatic flight system; and comparing the currently set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude and the minimum value of the safety range through an automatic flight system, and displaying the comparison result through a display system.
If the set value is larger than the minimum value of the safety range, the set value is judged to be in accordance with the approaching capacity of the current automatic flight system, and the result is displayed outwards in the common mode shown in the figure 3; if the set value is smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, the set value is judged not to be in accordance with the approaching capacity of the current automatic flight system, and the result is displayed outwards in the alarm mode shown in the figure 4.
Further, the method further comprises setting a decision altitude, a value of the decision altitude by a pilot manually entering or activating a default parameter in the FMS via a human machine interaction system. Or, the method also comprises the step of automatically determining the decision altitude and the value of the decision altitude based on the current flight parameters according to the self system capacity of the airplane, so that the decision altitude and the value of the decision altitude are used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude. Or recommending the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude according to the approach landing program for the pilot to select, and taking the selection result of the pilot as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude.
Preferably, when the currently set value of the decision altitude and the decision altitude is smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, the pilot is reminded to reset the value of the decision altitude and the decision altitude through a display system. Also preferably, when the currently set decision height and the value of the decision height are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, the reading is externally warned by the display device in a manner of using a color different from the normal state. For example, in fig. 4, a portion indicated by "50" may be displayed in yellow.
More specifically, the flight crew may be pre-positioned with an automatic approach/landing system command (APPR/LAND) via an automatic flight control panel. And the flight unit sets an approach landing program through a flight management page, can select the highest approach and landing grade which can be used and judged by the system according to the system capability of the airplane, or manually set an automatic approach/landing grade lower than the highest approach and landing capability of the system by a pilot, and the flight management system also provides default recommended decision height and decision height values which accord with the automatic approach/landing grade according to the set approach landing program. And the automatic flight system is crosslinked with the flight pipe system, determines the current on-off and pre-positioning flight modes, and determines the approach capability of the automatic flight system according to the set approach landing program, the automatic approach/landing grade and the current state of the aircraft system. The flight unit can manually set the decision altitude through the display control panel or select and use the default decision altitude and the decision altitude numerical value recommended by the system. And the automatic flight system sends the decision height currently set and a judgment result whether the decision height meets the approaching capacity of the automatic flight system to the display system. The display system displays the decision altitude and the decision altitude of a normal or alarm mode on a main flight display Picture (PFD) according to the judgment result so as to prompt the pilot whether to need further operation, such as resetting the decision altitude and the decision altitude.
The method and the system provided by the invention are visual and simple, can reduce the time for the pilot to acquire and process information, reduce the workload and reduce the occurrence probability of human errors. The system realizes complete frame design, comprises multi-system cooperative crosslinking, and ensures the effectiveness of human-computer interaction and the integrity of information transmission. The driving logic innovatively displays the warning of unmatched approaching capacity in the regions of the decision altitude and the decision altitude, and pertinently prompts the pilot to operate a correct program.
The foregoing description of various embodiments of the invention is provided for the purpose of illustration to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art. It is not intended that the invention be limited to a single disclosed embodiment. As mentioned above, many alternatives and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art of the above teachings. Thus, while some alternative embodiments are specifically described, other embodiments will be apparent to, or relatively easily developed by, those of ordinary skill in the art. The present invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances of the present invention described herein, as well as other embodiments that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention as described above.
Claims (13)
1. A system for determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability for an aircraft, the system comprising:
a flight management system configured to enable starting an automatic approach landing procedure of the aircraft, completing a decision altitude, setting a value of the decision altitude and collecting monitoring parameters of a radio altimeter, a GPS, an instrument landing system through the flight management system;
an automatic flight system communicatively connected with the flight management system and configured to be capable of:
determining a decision height, a safety range of the decision height corresponding to the current flight state and capable of meeting the safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing procedure and the monitoring parameters;
reading the currently set values of the decision height and the decision height, comparing the currently set values of the decision height and the decision height with the minimum value of the safety range, and outputting information outwards based on the comparison result;
a human-machine interaction system comprising a control panel and a display device communicatively connected to the control panel, the display device configured to be capable of receiving information from the automatic flight system regarding automatic flight approach and landing capabilities,
wherein the automatic flight system is configured to be able to read the currently set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude, from the flight management system or the control panel.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the human-machine interaction system is configured to be capable of:
the pilot inputs the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude to be used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude; or
And under the condition that the automatic flight system recommends the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude to the pilot through the display device, the automatic flight system is operated by the pilot to select, so that the selection result is used as the set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the system is further configured to be able to automatically determine the decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude based on the current flight parameters depending on the own system capabilities of the aircraft and to use this as the set value of the decision altitude, the decision altitude.
4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to warn outwards through said display means when said currently set decision height, decision height value is less than the minimum value of said safety range.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that said automatic flight system is configured to remind the pilot, through said display means, to reset the value of decision altitude, decision altitude when said currently set value of decision altitude, decision altitude is less than the minimum value of said safety range.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the display device is configured to have a normal display mode and an alert display mode in which the system can alert to the outside by using a different color for the readings than in the normal display mode.
7. A method of determining and displaying automatic flight approach and landing capability by a system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising the steps of:
starting an automatic approach landing program of the aircraft;
setting the decision height and the value of the decision height;
monitoring parameters of a radio altimeter, a GPS and an instrument landing system are collected through a flight management system;
determining, by an automatic flight system, a decision height, a safety range of decision heights corresponding to a current flight state so as to be able to satisfy a safe landing requirement of the aircraft based on the approach landing procedure and the monitoring parameter;
reading currently set decision height and decision height values from a control panel of the flight management system or the human-computer interaction system through an automatic flight system;
and comparing the currently set decision altitude and the value of the decision altitude with the minimum value of the safety range through an automatic flight system, and displaying the comparison result through a display system.
8. The method as recited in claim 7, further comprising setting a decision altitude, a value of decision altitude by a pilot manually entering or activating default parameters in the FMS via a human machine interaction system.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising automatically determining a decision altitude, a value of decision altitude based on current flight parameters as a set decision altitude, a value of decision altitude based on aircraft own system capabilities.
10. The method as claimed in claim 7, further comprising recommending a decision altitude, a decision altitude value for pilot selection based on the approach landing procedure, and using the pilot selection as the set decision altitude, decision altitude value.
11. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that when the currently set decision altitude, the value of the decision altitude is smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, an alarm is given to the outside through the display device.
12. The method according to claim 7 or 11, characterized in that the method further comprises: and when the currently set values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude are smaller than the minimum value of the safety range, reminding the pilot to reset the values of the decision altitude and the decision altitude through a display system.
13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein when the currently set decision height, decision height value is less than the minimum value of the safety range, the reading is externally warned by the display device using a color different from the normal state.
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| CN114154345A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 东航技术应用研发中心有限公司 | Visual reference establishing method and system based on expert visual reference model |
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| US9672749B1 (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-06-06 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and method for updating ILS category and decision height |
| US20180130362A1 (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-10 | Alaska Airlines, Inc. | Method for evaluating flight paths and flight path engine |
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| CN114154345A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-08 | 东航技术应用研发中心有限公司 | Visual reference establishing method and system based on expert visual reference model |
| CN114154345B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2023-02-07 | 东航技术应用研发中心有限公司 | Visual reference establishing method and system based on expert visual reference model |
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