CN112702708B - Substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method, which comprises the following steps: 1) a sensor network is established, the sensor network is composed of a data aggregation device and a plurality of sensor nodes, and the sensor network is of at least one layer of star-shaped topological structure; 2) the sensors automatically establish sub-networks in the local part of the system according to the signal intensity of the arrangement points, and simultaneously the corresponding sensors play the role of data aggregation nodes; 3) all sensors in the sub-network under the same data sink node uniformly exchange data with the superior network through the corresponding data sink nodes. The substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method can ensure the reliability of data acquisition at the position with poor signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method.
Background
In recent years, with the development of scientific technology, secondary devices such as digital, intelligent protection, safety, measurement and control and the like are widely applied to an electric power system, the configuration function of the device is more perfect, and the reliability and success rate are greatly improved.
The current means of ensuring the correctness of the switching of the pressing plate mainly depends on manual inspection of operators. The maintenance volume that the clamp plate was tourd and is checked is big, and the personnel of patrolling relax easily subjectively, and along with the continuous development of electric wire netting scale, the work load of patrolling of clamp plate is more and more big simultaneously, and the contradiction between team work load and bearing capacity is outstanding day by day, needs solve urgently. The pressing plate state position sensor is suitable for rapid development of the internet of things, and is widely applied to the internet of things technologies such as micro-power radio frequency communication, high-energy lithium batteries and non-electric quantity sensing detection in transformer substation construction.
And the pressing plate state sensor is arranged on a pressing plate of the relay protection screen cabinet and used for monitoring the state of the pressing plate in real time. The sensor uses high-energy batteries, and can meet the requirements of quick and convenient construction and long-term stable operation of the sensor under the limitation of installation position, size and screen cabinet wiring, and can last for 10 years.
The sensor uses SUB-G micropower radio frequency technology, and typical frequency bands comprise 425MHz, 433MHz and the like. The SUB-G radio frequency technology is widely applied to near field communication of the Internet of things, and the data output distance is larger than 1 kilometer under the condition of no obstacle. The SUB-G radio frequency module has low operation energy consumption, the radio frequency power consumption is far less than 1W, and the relay protection equipment in operation cannot be influenced.
By combining the characteristics, the sensor is very suitable for being applied to monitoring the pressure plate of the relay protection chamber. However, in actual use, the electromagnetic environment of the relay protection small chamber is complex, the protection cabinets rise densely, each row of cabinets are arranged tightly, the interval between the front row of cabinets and the rear row of cabinets is small, and great influence is caused on transmission of radio frequency signals. The sensor is tightly attached to the metal back plate and arranged at the lower part of the protection screen cabinet, and a part of the sensor is absorbed by the metal back plate in signal transmission; after the signal penetrates through the front glass screen cabinet door, the signal is shielded by the left screen cabinet and the right screen cabinet and reflected by the front row of screen cabinets in the transmission process, and the actual transmission distance is attenuated to 30 meters.
Thus, in use, even if the signal covers a large portion of the monitored area, there are still dead spots of the signal. Therefore, a data transmission method of the substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network needs to be designed, and data acquisition reliability of poor signal positions is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method which can ensure the reliability of data acquisition at poor signal positions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method, which comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of establishing a sensor network, wherein the sensor network is composed of a data aggregation device and a plurality of sensor nodes, and the sensor network is of at least one layer of star-shaped topological structure;
2) the sensors automatically establish sub-networks in the local part of the system according to the signal intensity of the arrangement points, and simultaneously the corresponding sensors play the role of data aggregation nodes;
3) all the sensors in the sub-networks under the same data sink node uniformly exchange data with the superior network through the corresponding data sink nodes.
Preferably, in step 2), the sensor with the best signal in the same-level sub-network automatically becomes the data sink node of the network.
Preferably, in step 1), the process of building the main network in the sensor network is as follows: the sensor detects the data gathering device and automatically constructs a main network after the sensor and the data gathering device are successfully communicated.
Preferably, when the sensor is in a state where the main network is established and data communication is implemented with at least one sensor node that has already entered the network, the sensor can automatically join the main network or the sub-network, and the automatic joining network process includes: the sensor detects the data gathering device, automatically joins the main network after successfully communicating with the data gathering device, otherwise detects other accessed sensors, selects other sensors with the best signals after successfully communicating with the other accessed sensors, sends a request for establishing the sub-network, and automatically joins the sub-network after successfully self-checking the sub-network.
Preferably, the networked sensor can automatically optimize and maintain the network, and when the sensor is disconnected from the network, the sensor automatically tries to re-network immediately; after the sensor is accessed to the network, the sensor periodically detects the network, reselects the node with the best signal as a data sink node, and automatically optimizes a data transmission link.
Preferably, the automatic sensor maintenance network process is as follows: in the normal operation process of the network access sensor, when the sensor is broken or reaches a network maintenance period, the network is automatically optimized.
Preferably, the data transmission mechanism in the sensor network is: the data in the sub-networks of the sensors which are connected to the network are forwarded layer by layer through the data aggregation nodes, and the data between the sub-networks are isolated, so that stable communication and data bidirectional transmission between the sensors in the whole field and the data aggregation device are realized.
Preferably, the data is encrypted in the whole transmission process, and a verification algorithm is used to ensure the accuracy and the safety of the data.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: in a complex environment, the reliability of data acquisition at the position with poor signals can be ensured.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-tiered star topology network architecture in accordance with a preferred embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor automatic networking flow;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic sensor network access process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a sensor automatic maintenance network;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a data flow for a two-tier star topology.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words included in terms such as "upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, inner, and outer" and the like merely represent the directions of the terms in a normal use state or are colloquially known by those skilled in the art, and should not be construed as limiting the terms.
Referring to a structure diagram of a multilayer star topology network shown in fig. 1, the method for transmitting the ad hoc network data of the substation radio frequency sensor comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of establishing a sensor network, wherein the sensor network is composed of a data aggregation device and a plurality of sensor nodes, and the sensor network is of at least one layer of star-shaped topological structure;
2) the sensors automatically establish sub-networks in the local part of the system according to the signal intensity of the arrangement points, and simultaneously the corresponding sensors play the role of data aggregation nodes;
3) all sensors in the sub-network under the same data sink node uniformly exchange data with the superior network through the corresponding data sink nodes.
Through the implementation of the technical scheme, the reliability of data acquisition at the position with poor signals can be ensured in a complex environment.
At least one layer of the star topology comprises: the single-layer star topology structure or the multilayer star topology structure can be automatically formed according to actual working conditions.
The single-layer star topology network structure is high in data transmission rate and transmission efficiency, and is suitable for small-range pressing plate state collection in a relay protection cell. The small-range arrangement of the pressure plate sensor only requires that the data gathering device is arranged at the center of the monitoring range, and the signal is enough to cover the whole monitoring area.
The multi-layer star topology network structure is stable in data transmission and large in monitoring range, and is suitable for collecting the state of a whole-cell pressing plate of a relay protection cell. The monitoring range of the whole small chamber pressing plate is large, the whole small chamber pressing plate is arranged on a sensor at the bottom of the protection screen cabinet, signals penetrate through the screen cabinet and are affected by other metal screen cabinets, and the attenuation is serious. Therefore, full cell platen monitoring requires the use of a multi-layer star topology to stably interface discrete sensors at the cell edges into the data network.
Meanwhile, due to the fact that the electromagnetic environment in the small chamber is complex, signal intensity fluctuation is large, the construction of the multilayer network needs to have flexibility, and when the environment changes, the network structure is automatically adjusted.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a typical sensor multi-layer star topology network architecture. The S node is a data gathering device in the network, and the T nodes are all sensors with the same function. The sensors can automatically build sub-networks locally in the system according to the signal intensity of the arrangement points. The next level node of the data sink in fig. 1 represents a sensor that acts as a data sink in the primary sub-network, and the next level node located at the lower right corner of the data sink in fig. 1 represents a sensor that acts as a data sink in the secondary sub-network. All sensors in the sub-network uniformly exchange data with a superior network through the data aggregation node.
The sensor under the network structure can freely establish a plurality of network layers in the total design capacity of the system, and can meet the requirements of the stability of a data transmission network and the reliability of data transmission in the complex and changeable environment of a conventional transformer substation.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the optimality of signal transmission, in step 2), the sensor with the best signal in the same-level sub-network automatically becomes the data sink node of the network.
In the embodiment, the sensor realizes the ad hoc network mechanism of automatically establishing a network, automatically joining the network and automatically maintaining the network through algorithm processing such as signal strength detection, environment node monitoring, sink node selection and the like. The automatic network building of a data transmission network requires at least one data aggregation center and one sensor. The network construction process is shown in fig. 2. In step 1), the process of establishing the main network in the sensor network is as follows: the sensor detects the data gathering device and automatically constructs a main network after the sensor and the data gathering device are successfully communicated.
In this embodiment, when the sensor is in a state where the main network is already established and performs data communication with at least one sensor node that has already entered the network, the sensor may automatically join the main network or the sub-network, as shown in fig. 3, the automatic joining network process includes: the sensor detects the data gathering device, automatically joins the main network after successfully communicating with the data gathering device, otherwise detects other accessed sensors, selects other sensors with the best signals after successfully communicating with the other accessed sensors, sends a request for establishing the sub-network, and automatically joins the sub-network after successfully self-checking the sub-network.
In the embodiment, the networked sensor can automatically optimize and maintain the network, and when the sensor is disconnected from the network, the sensor immediately and automatically tries to access the network again; after the sensor is accessed to the network, the sensor periodically detects the network, reselects the node with the best signal as a data sink node, and automatically optimizes a data transmission link.
As shown in fig. 4, the automatic sensor maintenance network process includes: in the normal operation process of the network access sensor, when the sensor is broken or reaches a network maintenance period, the network is automatically optimized. The process of automatically optimizing the network is similar to the automatic network access process, and is not described again.
In this embodiment, the data transmission mechanism in the sensor network is: the data in the sub-networks of the sensors which are connected to the network are forwarded layer by layer through the data aggregation nodes, and the data between the sub-networks are isolated, so that stable communication and data bidirectional transmission between the sensors in the whole field and the data aggregation device are realized. Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a two-layer star network structure, showing how data is transferred in order between a sub-network and a main network.
In the implementation mode, the data is encrypted in the whole transmission process, and the verification algorithm is used, so that the accuracy and the safety of the data are ensured.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not separately describe various possible combinations.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A transformer substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the method comprises the following steps of establishing a sensor network, wherein the sensor network is composed of a data aggregation device and a plurality of sensor nodes, and the sensor network is of at least one layer of star-shaped topological structure;
2) the sensors automatically establish sub-networks in the local part of the system according to the signal intensity of the arrangement points, and simultaneously the corresponding sensors play the role of data aggregation nodes;
3) all sensors in the sub-networks under the same data sink node uniformly exchange data with a superior network through the corresponding data sink nodes;
in step 1), the process of establishing the main network in the sensor network comprises: the sensor detects the data aggregation device, and automatically constructs a main network after the sensor is successfully communicated with the data aggregation device;
when the sensor is under the condition that the main network is established and data communication is realized with at least one sensor node which is accessed to the network, the sensor can automatically join the main network or the sub-network, and the automatic joining network process comprises the following steps:
the sensor detects the data gathering device, automatically joins the main network after successfully communicating with the data gathering device, otherwise detects other accessed sensors, selects other sensors with the best signals after successfully communicating with other accessed sensors, and sends a request for establishing a sub-network, and automatically joins the sub-network after successfully self-checking the sub-network;
in step 2), the sensor with the best signal in the same-level sub-network automatically becomes the data aggregation node of the network.
2. The substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein a sensor which has been networked can automatically optimize and maintain a network, and when the sensor is disconnected from the network, the sensor immediately and automatically tries to re-network; after the sensor is accessed to the network, the sensor periodically detects the network, reselects the node with the best signal as a data sink node, and automatically optimizes a data transmission link.
3. The substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method according to claim 2, wherein the automatic sensor maintenance network process is as follows: in the normal operation process of the network access sensor, when the sensor is broken or reaches a network maintenance period, the network is automatically optimized.
4. The substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method according to claim 1, wherein a data transmission mechanism in the sensor network is: the data in the sub-networks of the sensors which are connected to the network are forwarded layer by layer through the data aggregation nodes, and the data between the sub-networks are isolated, so that stable communication and data bidirectional transmission between the sensors in the whole field and the data aggregation device are realized.
5. The substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method according to claim 4, characterized in that data is encrypted in the whole transmission process, and a verification algorithm is used to ensure the accuracy and security of the data.
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| CN113709591B (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2023-09-29 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司超高压分公司 | Ad hoc network data transmission method and system for transformer substation radio frequency sensor |
| CN113676870A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-19 | 南京快轮智能科技有限公司 | Automatic networking scooter |
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| WO2010069238A1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-24 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Communication method for mesh and star topology structure wireless sensor network |
| CN102932912A (en) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-02-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | WSN (wireless sensor network) based electromagnetic spectrum signal positioning method |
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Address after: No. 397, Tongcheng South Road, Baohe District, Hefei City, Anhui Province 230061 Patentee after: Super high voltage branch of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: HEFEI ZHONGKE LEINAO INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.8, jincui Road, Shuangfeng Industrial Park, Fuyang North Road, Changfeng County, Hefei City, Anhui Province Patentee before: STATE GRID ANHUI POWER SUPPLY COMPANY OVERHAUL BRANCH Patentee before: HEFEI ZHONGKE LEINAO INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |