CN112685784A - MEDA biochip copyright protection method based on logic encryption - Google Patents
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- CN112685784A CN112685784A CN202110014813.6A CN202110014813A CN112685784A CN 112685784 A CN112685784 A CN 112685784A CN 202110014813 A CN202110014813 A CN 202110014813A CN 112685784 A CN112685784 A CN 112685784A
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- 238000000018 DNA microarray Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241000948268 Meda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000931197 Themeda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000020241 Neonatal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037129 Newborn Diseases Infant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a MEDA biochip copyright protection method based on logic encryption, which comprises the following steps: s1, obtaining mixed separation operation used in a biochemical protocol operated by the MEDA biochip; s2, calculating the influence factor of each mixing and separating operation; s3, for each mixed separation operation, if the influence factor is larger than or equal to the threshold value, replacing the mixed separation operation with a logic encryption module, and distributing a gold input key for the logic encryption module; s4, combining the gold input keys of each logic encryption module in sequence to be used as gold activation keys required by the activation of the MEDA biochip; s5, constructing a key coupling enhancement module according to the length of the gold activation key; s6, taking the output result of the gold activation key through the key coupling enhancement module as the gold decryption key of the logic encryption module; and S7, performing security evaluation on the currently constructed logic encryption system. The method is beneficial to improving the safety of the MEDA biochip in the production process and protecting the biochemical protocol of the MEDA biochip from being stolen by attackers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biochip security, and particularly relates to a MEDA biochip copyright protection method based on logic encryption.
Background
Digital microfluidic biochips (DMFBs) are an emerging platform that drastically changes the procedure for preparing biochemical reagents in biochemical laboratories. Compared with the traditional biochemical reagent preparation in a biochemical laboratory, the digital microfluidic biochip has the advantages of high automation, small reagent consumption, high large-scale production and analysis speed and the like.
Digital microfluidic biochips have transitioned into the market for commercial development over the past few years due to recent industry advances in materials, applications, and design automation. The Illumina corporation of the United states introduced a product based on a digital microfluidic biochip platform named NeoPrep NGS Library Prep. The U.S. department of agriculture also developed a Baebies SEEKER platform for detecting neonatal disease using digital microfluidic biochips. However, as the materials, equipment and techniques required to manufacture digital microfluidic biochips become more and more complex, it becomes impractical to manufacture digital microfluidic biochips independently from one company only. And the biochip industry has followed the trend of semiconductor industry in the last decade, and will give priority to the globalization of design and manufacturing processes. Therefore, the design and manufacturing process of biochips will employ a lateral supply chain.
However, in the production mode of the horizontal supply chain, no other parties than the holders of intellectual property rights are trusted entities, which leads to numerous security concerns. Recent studies have found security vulnerabilities specific to digital microfluidic biochips, most of which arise from the involvement of untrusted third party entities in the manufacturing process. The lateral supply chain provides many available avenues for malicious attackers. Because the lateral supply chain production model requires the holders of intellectual property rights to send the intellectual property rights to third-party factories, the intellectual property rights are vulnerable to intellectual property right piracy or over-manufacturing attacks. In the horizontal supply chain production mode, the relationship between the designer and the foundry is asymmetric, i.e. the designer faces a series of security problems, and the cost required for the foundry to pirate the intellectual property is negligible. The MEDA biochip is currently entering a rapid commercialization phase, and thus the potential safety issue in the MEDA biochip is currently being studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a logic encryption-based MEDA biochip copyright protection method, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the MEDA biochip in the production process and protecting the biochemical protocol of the MEDA biochip from being stolen by attackers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a MEDA biochip copyright protection method based on logic encryption comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring the number M of mixed separation operations used in a biochemical protocol according to the biochemical protocol operated by the current MEDA biochip;
step S2: calculating an influence factor IF for each mixed separation operation;
step S3: setting a threshold IFthFor each mixed separation operation, IF its IF ≧ IFthIt is replaced by a logical encryption module and assigned a gold input key k with a value of 0 or 1jJ represents the serial number of the logical encryption module;
step S4: combining gold input keys of all logic encryption modules in sequence as required by activation of MEDA biochipKey k is activated to golden1,k2,...,kNN is the number of the logic encryption modules which are replaced by the mixed separation operation;
step S5: constructing a key coupling enhancement module according to the length of the gold activation key; the input key of the key coupling enhancement module is converted to make each bit of the output key strongly coupled with each bit of the input key, namely the input key is coupled with { k1,k2,...,kNEven if only one bit is different, the output results are completely different;
step S6: will { k }1,k2,...,kNThe output result of the key coupling enhancement module is used as a golden decryption key { k ] of the logic encryption module1 D,k2 D,...,kN D}，{k1 D,k2 D,...,kN DThe control bit is used as the control bit of the logic encryption module for controlling the splitting ratio of the mixed splitting operation;
step S7: the security evaluation is carried out on the currently constructed logic encryption system, IF the required security is achieved, the operation is stopped, otherwise, the operation returns to the step S3, and a smaller IF is setthAnd continuing to operate circularly.
Further, the influence factor IF of the mixing separation operation is defined as shown in (1):
wherein in is the volume of the liquid drop input in the current mixing and separating operation, out is the volume of the liquid drop participating in the subsequent reaction in the current mixing and separating operation output, and outwasteIs the volume of the WASTE droplet IN the output of the current mix and separate operation, IN is the sum of the volumes of all input reagents IN the biochemical protocol, OUT is the sum of the volumes of all output reagents IN the biochemical protocol, and wait is the sum of the volumes of all WASTE reagents IN the biochemical protocol.
Further, the key coupling enhancement module consists of an exclusive-or gate, an and gate and a not gate.
Further, the security evaluation algorithm is adopted to carry out security evaluation on the currently constructed logic encryption system, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S71: calculating the real ratio r of input reagent used in all biochemical protocols to output reagent in the biochemical protocolsiAnd golden ratio ri GAnd i represents the serial number of the input reagent;
step S72: calculating riAnd ri GThe absolute value of the difference between them, as shown in (2):
di＝|ri-ri G| (2)
wherein d isiIs represented by riAnd ri GThe distance between them;
step S73: finding allowable r in biochemical protocoliAnd ri GMaximum value d of the distance betweeni G；
Step S74: defining a parameter bi，biAnd diAnd di GThe relationship between them is shown in (3):
step S75: and (3) evaluating the RRA by adopting the reagent ratio to indicate whether the current modified biochemical protocol is safe, if the value of the RRA is 1, the current evaluation is passed, otherwise, the evaluation is not passed, and the RRA is defined as (4):
where M represents the total number of input reagents.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention fully utilizes the multiple mixing model provided by the MEDA biochip, only supports 1:1 separation on mixed liquid drops in the traditional digital microfluidic biochip, and the multiple mixing model can separate the mixed liquid drops in different proportions. Based on the characteristics of the MEDA biochip, the logic encryption module provided by the invention has no additional time or money overhead, and only needs to adjust the separation proportion during droplet separation at the software level.
2. The key coupling enhancement module adopted by the invention can enhance the correlation degree between the input keys, and can provide higher security under the condition of violently breaking the input keys on the same scale when an attacker tries to break the MEDA biochip by using violent attack.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an MEDA biochip in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a MEDA biochip in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an operating state of a logic encryption module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another operation state of the logic encryption module in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a key coupling enhancement module in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
For the MEDA biochip shown in fig. 2 and 3, the invention provides a method for protecting the copyright of the MEDA biochip based on logic encryption, which comprises the following steps as shown in fig. 1:
step S1: and acquiring the number M of the mixed separation operations used in the biochemical protocol according to the biochemical protocol operated by the current MEDA biochip.
Step S2: the influence factor IF is calculated for each mixing and separation operation.
Wherein, the definition of the influence factor IF of the mixing and separating operation is shown as (1):
wherein in is the volume of the liquid drop input in the current mixing and separating operation, out is the volume of the liquid drop participating in the subsequent reaction in the current mixing and separating operation output, and outwasteIs the volume of the WASTE droplet IN the output of the current mix and separate operation, IN is the sum of the volumes of all input reagents IN the biochemical protocol, OUT is the sum of the volumes of all output reagents IN the biochemical protocol, and wait is the sum of the volumes of all WASTE reagents IN the biochemical protocol.
Step S3: setting a threshold IFthFor each mixed separation operation, IF its IF ≧ IFthIt is replaced by a logical encryption module and assigned a gold input key k with a value of 0 or 1jAnd j denotes a serial number of the logical cryptographic module.
Step S4: combining the gold input keys of the logic encryption modules in sequence to be used as the gold activation key k required by the activation of the MEDA biochip1,k2,...,kNAnd N is the number of the logic encryption modules which are replaced by the mixed separation operation.
Step S5: constructing a key coupling enhancement module according to the length of the gold activation key; the key coupling enhancement module consists of an exclusive-OR gate, an AND gate and a NOT gate; the input key of the key coupling enhancement module is converted to make each bit of the output key strongly coupled with each bit of the input key, namely the input key is coupled with { k1,k2,...,kNEven if only one bit is different, the output results are all completely different.
Step S6: will { k }1,k2,...,kNThe output result of the key coupling enhancement module is used as a golden decryption key { k ] of the logic encryption module1 D,k2 D,...,kN D}，{k1 D,k2 D,...,kN DAnd the control bit is used as a control bit of the logic encryption module for controlling the splitting ratio of the mixed splitting operation.
Step S7: applying a security evaluation algorithm to the currentThe constructed logic encryption system, namely the above steps, is subjected to security evaluation, and the operation is stopped IF the required security is achieved, otherwise, the operation returns to the step S3, and a smaller IF is setth(increasing the number of logic encryption modules to improve the security) and continuing the circular operation. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S71: calculating the real ratio r of input reagent used in all biochemical protocols to output reagent in the biochemical protocolsiAnd golden ratio ri GAnd i represents the serial number of the input reagent;
step S72: calculating riAnd ri GThe absolute value of the difference between them, as shown in (2):
di＝|ri-ri G| (2)
wherein d isiIs represented by riAnd ri GThe distance between them;
step S73: finding allowable r in biochemical protocoliAnd ri GMaximum value d of the distance betweeni G；
Step S74: defining a parameter bi，biAnd diAnd di GThe relationship between them is shown in (3):
step S75: and (3) evaluating the RRA by adopting the reagent ratio to indicate whether the current modified biochemical protocol is safe, if the value of the RRA is 1, the current evaluation is passed, otherwise, the evaluation is not passed, and the RRA is defined as (4):
where M represents the total number of input reagents.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams illustrating different working states of the logic encryption module in this embodiment. Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the key coupling enhancement module in this embodiment.
Key coupling enhancement module
The invention designs a set of experiments to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the experimental results are shown in the following table. The invention uses five common biochemical protocols to carry out grouping test on the errs with different sizes, wherein the err is di G,
Inputting 1000 random activation keys different from the gold activation key into each group; two groups of comparison groups are set, namely a key coupling enhancement module and a key coupling enhancement module which is not added, so as to test the improvement of the key coupling enhancement module on the safety. As shown in the data in table 1, in general, as the number of hybrid splitting operations increases and err decreases, the logical encryption module proposed by the present invention can prevent attacks more effectively. Except for the PCR mixture, under the same err condition, the defense success rate of the experimental group without the key coupling enhancement module in 4 biochemical detections is lower than that of the experimental group with the key coupling enhancement module.
TABLE 1
The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes made according to the technical scheme of the present invention that produce functional effects do not exceed the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A MEDA biochip copyright protection method based on logic encryption is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: acquiring the number M of mixed separation operations used in a biochemical protocol according to the biochemical protocol operated by the current MEDA biochip;
step S2: calculating an influence factor IF for each mixed separation operation;
step S3: setting a threshold IFthFor each mixed separation operation, IF its IF ≧ IFthIt is replaced by a logical encryption module and assigned a gold input key k with a value of 0 or 1jJ represents the serial number of the logical encryption module;
step S4: combining the gold input keys of the logic encryption modules in sequence to be used as the gold activation key k required by the activation of the MEDA biochip1,k2,...,kNN is the number of the logic encryption modules which are replaced by the mixed separation operation;
step S5: constructing a key coupling enhancement module according to the length of the gold activation key; the input key of the key coupling enhancement module is converted to make each bit of the output key strongly coupled with each bit of the input key, namely the input key is coupled with { k1,k2,...,kNEven if only one bit is different, the output results are completely different;
step S6: will { k }1,k2,...,kNThe output result of the key coupling enhancement module is used as a golden decryption key { k ] of the logic encryption module1 D,k2 D,...,kN D}，{k1 D,k2 D,...,kN DThe control bit is used as the control bit of the logic encryption module for controlling the splitting ratio of the mixed splitting operation;
step S7: the security evaluation is carried out on the currently constructed logic encryption system, IF the required security is achieved, the operation is stopped, otherwise, the operation returns to the step S3, and a smaller IF is setthAnd continuing to operate circularly.
2. The method for protecting the copyright of the MEDA biochip based on logic encryption as claimed in claim 1, wherein the influence factor IF of the hybrid separation operation is defined as (1):
wherein in is the volume of the liquid drop input in the current mixing and separating operation, out is the volume of the liquid drop participating in the subsequent reaction in the current mixing and separating operation output, and outwasteIs the volume of the WASTE droplet IN the output of the current mix and separate operation, IN is the sum of the volumes of all input reagents IN the biochemical protocol, OUT is the sum of the volumes of all output reagents IN the biochemical protocol, and wait is the sum of the volumes of all WASTE reagents IN the biochemical protocol.
3. The method for protecting the copyright of the MEDA biochip based on logic encryption of claim 1, wherein the key coupling enhancement module is composed of an exclusive OR gate, an AND gate and a NOT gate.
4. The method for protecting the copyright of the MEDA biochip based on the logic encryption, according to claim 1, wherein the security evaluation algorithm is used to perform the security evaluation on the currently constructed logic encryption system, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S71: calculating the real ratio r of input reagent used in all biochemical protocols to output reagent in the biochemical protocolsiAnd golden ratio ri GAnd i represents the serial number of the input reagent;
step S72: calculating riAnd ri GThe absolute value of the difference between them, as shown in (2):
di＝|ri-ri G| (2)
wherein d isiIs represented by riAnd ri GThe distance between them;
step S73: finding allowable r in biochemical protocoliAnd ri GMaximum value d of the distance betweeni G；
Step S74: defining a parameter bi，biAnd diAnd di GThe relationship between them is shown in (3):
step S75: and (3) evaluating the RRA by adopting the reagent ratio to indicate whether the current modified biochemical protocol is safe, if the value of the RRA is 1, the current evaluation is passed, otherwise, the evaluation is not passed, and the RRA is defined as (4):
where M represents the total number of input reagents.
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| CN111464286A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 北京大学 | Logic encryption defense method based on secret key door position selection |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104468519A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-03-25 | 成都卫士通信息产业股份有限公司 | Embedded electric power safety protection terminal encryption device |
| US20170277898A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Key management for secure memory address spaces |
| CN108566501A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-09-21 | 河南大学 | Color image encrypting method based on hybrid domain and LSS type coupled map lattice systems |
| CN111464286A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-28 | 北京大学 | Logic encryption defense method based on secret key door position selection |
| CN111414618A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 福州大学 | Digital microfluidic biochip field-level hardware Trojan horse detection method based on Hamming distance |
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| 王宇溪: "PUF信息的安全提取及其在IC计量技术中的应用研究", 《万方数据学位论文库》 * |
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