CN112648059B - Quick catalyst ignition device in cold start stage of engine and control method - Google Patents
Quick catalyst ignition device in cold start stage of engine and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112648059B CN112648059B CN202011539033.5A CN202011539033A CN112648059B CN 112648059 B CN112648059 B CN 112648059B CN 202011539033 A CN202011539033 A CN 202011539033A CN 112648059 B CN112648059 B CN 112648059B
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- oxygen concentration
- temperature
- catalyst
- combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/008—Mounting or arrangement of exhaust sensors in or on exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a quick ignition device of a catalyst at the cold start stage of an engine, which comprises a sensor group, wherein the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor and is used for acquiring the temperature in the device and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas; the engine body is provided with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the temperature rise and oxygen supplementation of the combustion chamber, so that the temperature in the device is raised to a preset temperature and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas in the device is raised to a preset oxygen concentration; a combustion chamber for combusting the mixed gas in the apparatus at a preset temperature and a preset oxygen concentration; the catalyst component comprises a three-way catalyst and a catalyst carrier sleeved outside the three-way catalyst and is used for purifying the mixed gas into harmless gas; and the exhaust pipe is used for exhausting harmless gas. The invention can quickly heat and supplement oxygen for the catalyst in the cold start stage of the engine, so that the catalyst reaches the optimal operation temperature and oxygen concentration, the catalytic function is exerted, and the emission of harmful gases is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile control, and particularly relates to a quick catalyst light-off device and a control method in an engine cold start stage.
Background
At present, the catalytic conversion efficiency of the three-way catalyst to automobile exhaust reaches more than 90% at the working temperature (more than 250 ℃), but the catalytic conversion efficiency is low when the catalyst is in the cold start stage of an engine, and the emission of HC, CO and NOx compounds in the cold start stage accounts for 70% -80% of the total emission of the engine, so that the air quality is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a quick catalyst ignition device and a control method thereof in the cold start stage of an engine, which can quickly heat and supplement oxygen to the catalyst in the cold start stage of the engine, so that the catalyst reaches the optimal operation temperature and oxygen concentration, plays a catalytic function and reduces the emission of harmful gases.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a catalyst quick ignition device at the cold start stage of an engine comprises an engine body, a combustion chamber, a sensor group, a catalyst component and an exhaust pipe; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor and is used for acquiring the temperature in the device and the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas;
the engine body is provided with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the temperature rise and oxygen supplementation of the combustion chamber, so that the temperature in the device is raised to a preset temperature and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas in the device is raised to a preset oxygen concentration;
the combustion chamber is used for combusting the mixed gas in the device at a preset temperature and a preset oxygen concentration;
the catalyst component comprises a three-way catalyst and a catalyst carrier sleeved outside the three-way catalyst and is used for purifying the mixed gas into harmless gas;
the exhaust pipe is used for exhausting harmless gas.
Further, the combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber body, a spark plug, an oxygen supplement probe and a fuel steam reflux device, wherein the combustion chamber body is a closed cavity; the spark plug is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber and is used for ignition; the oxygen supplementing probe is electrically connected with the controller and is used for increasing the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in the device to a preset oxygen concentration; the fuel steam reflux device comprises a fuel spray nozzle and a carbon tank, wherein the fuel spray nozzle is connected with the carbon tank through a fuel steam desorption pipe and used for forming a circulating feeding mechanism and providing fuel for the combustion chamber body.
A control method of the quick light-off device of the catalyst in the cold start stage of the engine comprises the following steps:
collecting the temperature in the device and the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas;
controlling the temperature rise and oxygen supplementation of the combustion chamber to increase the temperature in the device to a preset temperature and increase the oxygen concentration of mixed gas in the device to a preset oxygen concentration;
combusting the mixed gas in the device at a preset temperature and a preset oxygen concentration;
purifying the mixed gas into harmless gas;
discharging harmless gas.
Further, the preset oxygen concentration satisfies a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the time for the three-way catalyst to reach the preset temperature is shortened by optimizing the catalyst carrier, and the emission of harmful gases is reduced; the design of the fuel steam reflux device of the combustion chamber improves the fuel utilization rate; the preset oxygen concentration of the invention meets the theoretical air-fuel ratio, and the harmful gas emission is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-an engine body, 2-a combustion chamber, 3-a catalyst carrier, 4-an exhaust pipe, 5-a temperature sensor, 6-an oxygen concentration sensor, 7-an oxygen supplement probe, 8-a spark plug, 9-an oil nozzle and 10-a carbon tank.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures.
As shown in figure 1, the device is a catalyst rapid ignition device arranged on an exhaust pipe, mainly comprises an engine body 1 with a controller, a combustion chamber 2, a sensor group three-way catalyst and an exhaust pipe 4, wherein the combustion chamber 2 is close to the three-way catalyst, the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor 5 and an oxygen concentration sensor 6 which are respectively responsible for detecting a temperature signal of the three-way catalyst and an air-fuel ratio signal of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber 2 mainly comprises an oval closed cavity, an oxygen supplement probe 7, a spark plug 8 and a fuel steam reflux device, the fuel steam reflux device comprises a carbon canister 10, a fuel steam desorption pipe and an oil nozzle 9, the controller is integrally arranged on an ECU of the engine body 1 and mainly receives the temperature signal of the three-way catalyst and the air-fuel ratio signal detected by the oxygen concentration sensor and analyzes the signals, feeds back an execution signal to accurately control mixed gas in the combustion chamber, the air-fuel ratio is close to the ideal air-fuel ratio, the mixed gas is combusted to release heat, so that the catalyst carrier 3 is rapidly heated, the normal working temperature of the catalyst is achieved, and the emission of HC, CO and NOx compounds is reduced.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
after the engine body 1 is cold started, the temperature sensor 5 and the oxygen concentration sensor 6 which are responsible for the sensor group respectively detect the temperature of the three-way catalyst and the oxygen concentration of mixed gas, measurement signals are transmitted to the controller, the controller analyzes the measurement signals, if the tail gas mixed gas does not reach an ideal air-fuel ratio, signals are output to the oxygen supplementing probe 7 and the fuel steam reflux device to control the injection quantity of oxygen supplementing and fuel, after the oxygen and the fuel steam in the combustion chamber 2 are adjusted to the ideal air-fuel ratio, the spark plug 8 ignites, the mixed gas is combusted to release heat, so that the carrier of the three-way catalyst close to the combustion chamber 2 is rapidly heated, and the catalytic conversion effect is exerted. After the temperature of the catalytic converter reaches the preset temperature, the controller outputs a signal to the oxygen supplement probe 7 to stop oxygen supplement, the oil spray nozzle 8 stops oil spray, and the catalytic converter plays a role in high-efficiency catalytic conversion.
The control method comprises the following principles:
as shown in fig. 2, after the engine body 1 is cold started, the temperature sensor 5 in the sensor group first measures the temperature of the three-way catalyst and outputs a signal to the controller; the oxygen concentration sensor 6 measures the oxygen concentration signal of the tail gas and transmits the oxygen concentration signal to the controller; the controller judges whether the temperature of the three-way catalyst is higher than a set temperature threshold value according to the temperature signal, wherein the temperature threshold value is a preset temperature, and if the temperature is lower than the threshold value, the controller judges that the catalyst needs to be heated by fuel combustion; the controller judges and analyzes whether the air-fuel ratio in the tail gas reaches an ideal air-fuel ratio threshold value 14.7 according to the oxygen concentration signal, the ideal air-fuel ratio is the preset oxygen concentration, if the air-fuel ratio is lower than the ideal air-fuel ratio (the mixture is too rich), the controller outputs an execution signal to the oxygen supplementing probe 7, the oxygen supply amount is increased (from an air inlet system), the oil injection amount is reduced, and the mixture reaches the ideal air-fuel ratio; on the contrary, if the air-fuel ratio is higher than the ideal air-fuel ratio (the mixture is too lean), a signal is output to the oxygen supplement probe 7 to reduce the oxygen supply and increase the fuel injection quantity, so that the mixture reaches the ideal air-fuel ratio. After the ideal air-fuel ratio is reached, the controller outputs a signal to a spark plug 8 for ignition and combustion, the three-way catalyst carrier 3 is heated, the temperature sensor 5 measures the temperature of the three-way catalyst, if the temperature reaches a threshold value, a signal is output to the controller, the controller outputs a signal to an oxygen supplement probe 7 and an oil injector 8, oxygen supplement and oil injection are stopped, and the three-way catalyst performs high-efficiency catalytic conversion on tail gas.
It should be understood that parts of the specification not set forth in detail are well within the prior art.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications based on the principles and design concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A catalyst quick ignition device at the cold start stage of an engine is characterized by comprising an engine body, a combustion chamber, a sensor group, a catalyst component and an exhaust pipe; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sensor group comprises a temperature sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor and is used for acquiring the temperature in the device and the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas;
the engine body is provided with a controller, and the controller is used for controlling the temperature rise and oxygen supplementation of the combustion chamber, so that the temperature in the device is raised to a preset temperature, the oxygen concentration of mixed gas in the device is raised to a preset oxygen concentration, and the preset oxygen concentration is close to an ideal air-fuel ratio;
the combustion chamber is used for combusting the mixed gas in the device at a preset temperature and a preset oxygen concentration;
the catalyst component comprises a three-way catalyst and a catalyst carrier sleeved outside the three-way catalyst and is used for purifying the mixed gas into harmless gas; the catalyst assembly is adjacent to the combustion chamber;
the exhaust pipe is used for exhausting harmless gas.
2. The device for quickly igniting the catalyst in the cold starting stage of the engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber comprises a combustion chamber body, a spark plug, an oxygen supplement probe and a fuel steam reflux device, and the combustion chamber body is a closed cavity; the spark plug is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber and is used for ignition; the oxygen supplementing probe is electrically connected with the controller and is used for increasing the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas in the device to a preset oxygen concentration; the fuel steam reflux device comprises a fuel spray nozzle and a carbon tank, wherein the fuel spray nozzle is connected with the carbon tank through a fuel steam desorption pipe and used for forming a circulating feeding mechanism and providing fuel for the combustion chamber body.
3. A control method of a rapid light-off device using a catalyst during a cold start of an engine according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
collecting the temperature in the device and the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas;
controlling the temperature rise and oxygen supplementation of the combustion chamber to increase the temperature in the device to a preset temperature and increase the oxygen concentration of mixed gas in the device to a preset oxygen concentration;
combusting the mixed gas in the device at a preset temperature and a preset oxygen concentration;
purifying the mixed gas into harmless gas;
discharging harmless gas;
the preset oxygen concentration satisfies a theoretical air-fuel ratio.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011539033.5A CN112648059B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Quick catalyst ignition device in cold start stage of engine and control method |
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| CN202011539033.5A CN112648059B (en) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Quick catalyst ignition device in cold start stage of engine and control method |
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| CN112648059A CN112648059A (en) | 2021-04-13 |
| CN112648059B true CN112648059B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108590827A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-28 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The device and method of ternary catalyzing unit inlet temperature is controlled according to OBD monitoring efficiencies |
| CN111734517A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-10-02 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Device and method for exhaust gas aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine |
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| JP2007046494A (en) * | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-22 | Toyota Motor Corp | Air-fuel ratio control device for internal combustion engine |
| JP4586911B2 (en) * | 2008-08-25 | 2010-11-24 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
| US9057351B2 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2015-06-16 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for engine control |
| US9027331B2 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2015-05-12 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust aftertreatment burner with preheated combustion air |
| CN103256105B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-06-17 | 刘光文 | Catalyst for waste gas heat-storage combustion and circular combustion of engine |
| CN105443217B (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-04-03 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device for detecting ternary catalyzing unit and blocking |
| CN106014552A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-10-12 | 同济大学 | Exhaust gas temperature control system |
| DE102018100240A1 (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-07-11 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Exhaust gas aftertreatment system and method for exhaust aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine |
| CN110872994B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-08-11 | 重庆大学 | Engine cold start control method and system and vehicle |
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- 2020-12-23 CN CN202011539033.5A patent/CN112648059B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108590827A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-09-28 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | The device and method of ternary catalyzing unit inlet temperature is controlled according to OBD monitoring efficiencies |
| CN111734517A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-10-02 | 大众汽车有限公司 | Device and method for exhaust gas aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine |
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Inventor after: Liu Liang Inventor after: Yan Xinying Inventor after: Tuo Huajin Inventor after: Han Wei Inventor before: Liu Liang Inventor before: Yan Jinying Inventor before: Tuo Huajin Inventor before: Han Wei |
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