CN112644504B - Aerodynamic optimization-based queue vehicle driving management method - Google Patents

Aerodynamic optimization-based queue vehicle driving management method Download PDF

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CN112644504B
CN112644504B CN202011641836.1A CN202011641836A CN112644504B CN 112644504 B CN112644504 B CN 112644504B CN 202011641836 A CN202011641836 A CN 202011641836A CN 112644504 B CN112644504 B CN 112644504B
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queue
vehicles
value
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CN112644504A (en
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衣丰艳
林海
胡东海
高岩飞
周稼铭
衣杰
李伟
鲁大钢
申阳
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Shandong Jiaotong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/10—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to vehicle motion
    • B60W40/105—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2520/00—Input parameters relating to overall vehicle dynamics
    • B60W2520/10—Longitudinal speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2530/00—Input parameters relating to vehicle conditions or values, not covered by groups B60W2510/00 or B60W2520/00
    • B60W2530/209—Fuel quantity remaining in tank

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for managing the running of queue vehicles based on aerodynamic optimization, which comprises the steps of collecting a single train by a vehicle speed sensorThe running speed of the vehicle when running; calculating the air resistance C and the vehicle x of the single vehicle in the train according to the cloud platform finite element simulation technologyiAir resistance C experienced during drivingiAnd transmitting the data to a queue vehicle remote charging calculation platform; when the charging system judges that the charging is carried out, the vehicle in the queue needs to pay a certain fee to compensate other vehicles in the queue; when the toll system determines compensation, the vehicle in the queue receives an amount to compensate for the driving consumption of the vehicle in the queue. The invention can carry out fair distribution on the fuel oil saving of each vehicle in the queue, and ensures the benefit compensation of individual vehicles while ensuring the fuel oil economy of the vehicles in the whole queue; has better management range and flexibility.

Description

Aerodynamic optimization-based queue vehicle driving management method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle aerodynamics, in particular to a driving management method of a queue vehicle based on aerodynamic optimization.
Background
With the development of vehicle technology and road foundation in China, a queue vehicle driving state is inevitably formed in daily traffic behaviors, particularly when a highway drives for a long distance. When the vehicle queue runs, the resistance value is reduced along with the shortening of the distance between vehicles. At a fixed vehicle spacing, the average air resistance coefficient of the vehicles in the queue can be reduced by 20-30% as the number of vehicles in the queue increases, with the vehicle with the lowest resistance being approximately at the center of the queue. The change in the aerodynamic drag and aerodynamic characteristics of the fleet vehicles results in improved fuel economy of the fleet vehicles.
Although the prior art considers the energy consumption economy brought by aerodynamics in the running process of the queue vehicles and fairly distributes energy saving, the distribution mode is realized by judging and changing the positions of leading vehicles, and the prior art is difficult to implement in the actual queue running of road traffic.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems.
Therefore, the invention provides a running management method of the queue vehicles based on aerodynamic optimization, which solves the problem that the vehicles running in the queue are managed and optimized by using a money compensation driving mode in the process of running the random vehicles in the queue.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method comprises the steps of acquiring the running speed v of a single-body train vehicle during running through a vehicle speed sensor; calculating the air resistance C and the vehicle x of the train in the single vehicle running process according to the cloud platform finite element simulation technologyiAir resistance C experienced during drivingi(ii) a According to the air resistance CiCalculating equivalent fuel economy J of each fleet with air resistance Ci(C，Ci) (ii) a The equivalent fuel economy J of each line of the fleet is calculated according to the fuel consumption unit price collected by the cloud platformi(C，Ci) And carrying out quantitative evaluation on the amount of money, and compensating the queue vehicles according to the quantized amount of money.
As described in the inventionIn a preferred embodiment of the method for managing the movement of a fleet vehicle based on aerodynamic optimization, wherein: the equivalent fuel economy Ji(C，Ci) Comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Ji(C，Ci)＝Ci-C
wherein i is the ith vehicle in the queue running vehicles.
As a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the quantitative assessment of the amount of money comprises calculating a fee value S to be charged to each of the vehicles in the queueiAnd according to said cost value SiCalculating a fee value S to be charged to the whole queue of vehicles; according to the cost value S and the air resistance CiCalculating the amount of money A to be redistributed to each vehicle in the queuei(ii) a According to the value A of moneyiAnd a cost value SiCalculating the value of the amount Wi。
As a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the cost value SiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Si＝Ji×a
wherein a is the fuel consumption unit price.
As a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the fee value S includes that the fee value S to be charged to the queue vehicle as a whole is the sum of the fee values to be charged to each queue vehicle:
Figure BDA0002880033700000021
wherein n is the total number of vehicles in the queue.
As a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the value of the amount AiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Figure BDA0002880033700000022
as a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the value of the amount WiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Wi＝Ai-Si。
as a preferable aspect of the aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method according to the present invention, wherein: the compensation comprises that when the cloud management platform judges the amount W of the moneyiWhen the vehicle X is positive, the vehicle X in the queueiObtaining power drive compensation with the amount of money of Wi(ii) a When the cloud management platform judges the amount WiIf the value is negative, the vehicle X in the queueiThe fee is paid to compensate for other vehicles in the queue, and the amount of money to be paid is | WiL, |; when the cloud management platform judges the amount WiWhen 0, then the vehicle X in the queueiNo payment is needed, and no driving compensation is received.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can enable the vehicles to select the running modes of the vehicles forming the queue in the running process, thereby obtaining better fuel economy; the fuel oil saving of each vehicle in the queue is distributed fairly, so that the fuel oil economy of the vehicles in the whole queue is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the benefit compensation problem of individual vehicles is also guaranteed; and the number of vehicles in the queue and the number of vehicles getting are arbitrary, so that the management range and the flexibility are better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for managing the driving of a fleet vehicle based on aerodynamic optimization according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic compensation management flow diagram of a driving management method of a fleet vehicle based on aerodynamic optimization according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially in general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper, lower, inner and outer" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and thus, cannot be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms first, second, or third are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected and connected" in the present invention are to be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected; they may be mechanically, electrically, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle driving management method, including:
s1: and acquiring the running speed v of the single-body train when the single-body train runs by using a vehicle speed sensor.
When the single vehicle runs on the road surface, the speed information of the queue vehicles is acquired according to the position information of the queue vehicles and the vehicle speed sensor.
S2: calculating the air resistance C and the vehicle x of the single vehicle in the train according to the cloud platform finite element simulation technologyiAir resistance C experienced during drivingi。
Calculating the current air resistance C of the vehicle through a cloud finite element simulation technology, wherein other vehicles start to be merged into the running track of the single vehicle at the moment to form a running state of the queue vehicle, and the queue vehicle starts to enter the queue to run; because the air resistance of the vehicles at different positions of the queue is different during the running of the queue, the air resistance values received by the vehicles at the middle part of the queue are comparedTo queue head portion vehicle and afterbody vehicle want for littlely, simultaneously, along with the continuous promotion of queue vehicle quantity, the whole air resistance value that receives of queue vehicle will descend, consequently, compare in the traveling of monomer vehicle, when carrying out the vehicle traveling of queue, the vehicle has better fuel economy, nevertheless because the air resistance value that receives of the vehicle of being in different positions in the queue is all inequality, the high in the clouds computing platform passes through finite element simulation technique this moment, calculate every vehicle x in the queue vehicleiAir resistance value CiAnd i is the ith vehicle in the queue running vehicles.
S3: according to air resistance CiCalculating equivalent fuel economy J of each fleet with air resistance Ci(C，Ci)。
According to the air resistance value C suffered by the train runningiCalculating the difference value of the air resistance value C received by the single vehicle in running to calculate each queue vehicle x in the current running stateiFuel economy of Ji(C，Ci)：
Ji(C，Ci)＝Ci-C
S4: equivalent fuel economy J of each fleet according to fuel consumption unit price collected by cloud platformi(C，Ci) And carrying out quantitative evaluation on the amount of money, and compensating the queue vehicles according to the quantized amount of money.
According to the corresponding fuel consumption unit price (based on the current market price) a (yuan) collected by the cloud platform, the fuel economy J of each queue vehicle is calculatedi(C，Ci) Quantitative evaluation is performed in a specific amount.
Specifically, the air resistance value C of the single running vehicle and the air resistance values C of the vehicles in different queues are calculated according to the cloud platform finite element simulation technologyiAnd fuel economy J calculated by simulation corresponding theretoi(C，Ci) And calculating the charge value S to be charged to each queue vehicle based on the fuel consumption unit price a of the current market pricei：
Si＝Ji×a
Further, a value S of a fee to be charged to the queue vehicle as a whole is calculated, which is the value S of the fee to be charged to each queue vehicleiSum of (a):
Figure BDA0002880033700000051
wherein n is the total number of vehicles in the queue.
Still further, the amount of money weight is redistributed according to the vehicles with different air resistance values in the queue vehicles, and the distribution calculation rule is as follows: air resistance value C to which each vehicle in the queue of vehicles is subjectediAs a numerator, the air resistance value C received by each vehicleiAdding and summing, taking the summed data as denominator, and taking the fraction
Figure BDA0002880033700000052
As the weight of quota reallocation; multiplying the total charge value S of the vehicles to be queued by the weight to obtain the sum A to be redistributed to each vehicle in the vehicles to be queuedi：
Figure BDA0002880033700000053
Then the amount value A to be redistributed to the queue vehicles is redistributediWith a value of fee S to be charged to each queue vehicleiMaking difference to obtain final value Wi：
Wi＝Ai-Si。
Finally, according to the quantified monetary value WiCompensation management is carried out on the queue vehicles, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, determining the amount W as a cloud management platformiIf the value is positive, the vehicle X in the queueiObtain power-driven compensation with the monetary value of Wi(WiPositive).
(II) as cloud management levelTable judgment quota value WiIf the value is negative, the vehicle X in the queueiThe fee is paid to compensate for other vehicles in the queue, and the amount of money to be paid is | Wi|。
Third, the cloud management platform determines the amount WiWhen 0, then vehicle X in the queueiNo payment is needed, and no driving compensation is received.
Preferably, the invention ensures the fuel economy of the vehicles in the whole queue and simultaneously ensures the benefit compensation of the individual vehicles.
Example 2
In order to verify and explain the technical effect adopted in the method, the method is based on MATLAB software simulation calculation, finite element analysis and simulation are carried out on the vehicle flow field by using a finite volume method, and a Cartesian grid is selected as a simulation example grid strategy.
In the establishment of the simulation model, CATIA software is adopted to establish calculation models under various working conditions respectively, wherein the calculation models comprise calculation areas, and the selected calculation areas are all cuboids: the distance between the entrance of the calculation area and the front part of the front vehicle is 2 times of the vehicle length, the distance between the exit and the tail part of the rear vehicle is 6 times of the vehicle length, the vehicle width from the side to the outer sides of the two vehicles is 3 times of the vehicle width, the vehicle height from the top to the roof is 4 times of the vehicle height, and the surface of the vehicle body is the inner surface of the calculation area; in the simulation calculation of the simulated turbulence of the running of the vehicles in the queue, an RNG turbulence model based on an RANS method is selected for carrying out numerical simulation of automobile aerodynamics, specifically, an RNGk-epsilon turbulence model is adopted for carrying out simulation on the numerical value of a flow field outside the running of the vehicles in the queue, an epsilon model is selected as the turbulence model, a second-order upward windward format is selected as a discrete format of a flow term, a standard wall function is selected as the wall function, and a SIMPLE algorithm with strong solving power and less calculation time consumption is selected as the flow field calculation method.
The vehicle model is introduced by the above calculation examples and models, and the vehicle travel pitch l in the fleet vehicles is set to obtain the air resistance coefficient and the average air resistance coefficient of each vehicle during the fleet travel, as shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1: the simulation comparison table of the air resistance coefficient of the queue vehicle comprises:
Figure BDA0002880033700000061
Figure BDA0002880033700000071
from the above table it can be derived: (1) the air resistance coefficient of the vehicle in the queue travel state is lower than that of the vehicle traveling on a single vehicle; (2) in the queue travel, the air resistance coefficient of the vehicle at the middle position is relatively low, and the air resistance coefficient of the vehicle at the both end positions is relatively high.
Table 2: and the average air resistance coefficient comparison table is used for running of vehicles in different queues.
Figure BDA0002880033700000072
From the above table it follows that: (1) as the number of vehicles in the queue increases, the average air resistance coefficient of the queue decreases; (2) as the number of vehicles in the platoon running increases, the rate of decrease in the average air resistance coefficient decreases.
Further, the fuel consumption saving rate of the queue vehicle in running is obtained through further simulation calculation according to the following calculation model.
Figure BDA0002880033700000073
Wherein P is the power consumed by the engine, eta is the efficiency factor, FrRolling resistance, D aerodynamic resistance, v vehicle speed, r0Coefficient of rolling resistance, m-vehicle mass, ρ -air density, A-vehicle orthographic area, CD-aerodynamic drag coefficient.
Fuel consumption FC is constantly equal to consumed power P multiplied by BSFC (brake specific fuel consumption):
FC≡BSFC[P]
the fuel consumption saving rate is defined as:
Figure BDA0002880033700000074
therein, FC0Is the fuel consumption of the reference state.
The fuel consumption saving rate can be deduced by the formula:
Figure BDA0002880033700000075
the aerodynamic drag coefficient reduction rate is defined as:
Figure BDA0002880033700000081
wherein: cD0Is the aerodynamic drag coefficient of the reference state.
Still further, a fuel consumption saving rate formula due to the reduction of the aerodynamic drag coefficient can be derived:
Figure BDA0002880033700000082
the calculated fuel consumption saving rates for the vehicles running in different queues by the above equation are shown in table 3.
Table 3: average fuel savings rates (compared to single vehicles) for different numbers of vehicles in the fleet.
Figure BDA0002880033700000083
From the above table, it can be seen that: along with the increase of the number of the automobiles, the average aerodynamic resistance coefficient of the queue is gradually reduced, and the average oil saving rate of the running of the queue is continuously increased; when the number of the automobiles in the queue is small, the slope of increasing the oil saving rate is large; when the number of automobiles is large, the slope of increasing the oil saving rate becomes gentle and tends to a limit value; therefore, the method can ensure the fuel economy of the vehicles in the whole queue, and the management range and the flexibility are better.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for managing the running of queue vehicles based on aerodynamic optimization is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
acquiring the running speed v of the single-body train when the single-body train runs by using a vehicle speed sensor;
calculating the air resistance C and the vehicle x of the train in the single vehicle running process according to the cloud platform finite element simulation technologyiAir resistance C experienced during drivingi；
According to the air resistance CiCalculating equivalent fuel economy J of each fleet with air resistance Ci(C，Ci)；
The equivalent fuel economy J of each line of the fleet is calculated according to the fuel consumption unit price collected by the cloud platformi(C，Ci) Carrying out quantitative evaluation on the amount of money, and compensating the queue vehicle according to the quantized amount of money so as to complete the running management of the queue vehicle;
the equivalent fuel economy Ji(C，Ci) Comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Ji(C，Ci)＝Ci-C
wherein i is the ith vehicle in the queue running vehicles.
2. The aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle trip management method of claim 1, wherein: the quantitative assessment of the amount of money includes,
calculating a fee value S to be charged to each of the vehicles in the fleetiAnd according to said cost value SiCalculating a fee value S to be charged to the whole queue of vehicles;
according to the cost value S and the air resistance CiCalculating the amount of money A to be redistributed to each vehicle in the queuei；
According to the value A of moneyiAnd a cost value SiCalculating the value of the amount Wi。
3. The aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle trip management method of claim 2, wherein: the cost value SiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Si＝Ji×a
wherein a is the fuel consumption unit price.
4. The aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle trip management method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the cost value S includes the value of the cost,
the value of the fee S to be charged to the queue vehicle as a whole is the sum of the values of the fees to be charged to each queue vehicle:
Figure FDA0003389005650000011
wherein n is the total number of vehicles in the queue.
5. The aerodynamically optimized fleet vehicle trip management method of claim 4, wherein: the value of the amount AiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Figure FDA0003389005650000021
6. the aerodynamics-based vehicle of claim 5The optimized running management method of the queue vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the value of the amount WiComprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
Wi＝Ai-Si。
7. the method for managing the movement of a fleet vehicle based on aerodynamic optimization of any one of claims 1, 2 and 6, wherein: the compensation includes the steps of, in response to the received signal,
when the cloud management platform judges the value W of the moneyiWhen the vehicle X is positive, the vehicle X in the queueiObtaining power drive compensation with the amount of money of Wi；
When the cloud management platform judges the amount WiIf the value is negative, the vehicle X in the queueiThe fee is paid to compensate for other vehicles in the queue, and the amount of money to be paid is | Wi|；
When the cloud management platform judges the amount WiWhen 0, then the vehicle X in the queueiNo payment is needed, and no driving compensation is received.
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