CN112641423A - Stray light eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera with large view field - Google Patents
Stray light eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera with large view field Download PDFInfo
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- CN112641423A CN112641423A CN202011521354.2A CN202011521354A CN112641423A CN 112641423 A CN112641423 A CN 112641423A CN 202011521354 A CN202011521354 A CN 202011521354A CN 112641423 A CN112641423 A CN 112641423A
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- light
- lens group
- beam splitter
- illumination
- polarization beam
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
- A61B3/15—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing
- A61B3/156—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing for blocking
- A61B3/158—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection ; with means for relaxing for blocking of corneal reflection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/0008—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes provided with illuminating means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/12—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes
Abstract
The invention discloses a large-view-field stray-light-eliminating type mydriatic eye fundus camera which comprises a front lens group, an annular polarization beam splitter, an illumination lens group, an illumination light source, an 1/4 wave plate, a relay lens group, a rear imaging lens group and a CCD (charge coupled device); light emitted by the illumination light source forms a primary image at the annular polarization beam splitter plate through the illumination lens group; the primary image of the light source sequentially passes through the front lens group and the 1/4 wave plate to form an annular light spot at the cornea of the human eye to illuminate the fundus, and the illumination light source is conjugated with the position of the cornea; the light reflected by the eyeground is transmitted through the 1/4 wave plate and the front lens group to reach the annular polarization beam splitter, the light at the annular polarization beam splitter is conjugated with the pupils of human eyes, the light continuously transmits after penetrating through the annular polarization beam splitter, and finally focuses and images on the CCD after passing through the relay lens group and the rear imaging lens group; the invention can enable the imaging system to have a larger field angle, reduce the influence of stray light of the system and obtain a better imaging effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of eye fundus imaging, and particularly relates to a large-view-field stray light eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera.
Background
The pupil of the human eye is the only window of the human body which can directly see the small blood vessels, and the eyeground is distributed with various arteriovenous capillaries. By observing the fundus oculi, not only eye diseases can be detected, but also the conditions of systemic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and the like can be known. Fundus examination apparatuses commonly used at present are: confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopes, OCT, and the like. The detection field of view of the laser scanning ophthalmoscope is generally small and the working speed is slow, and the OCT technology has very high cost and slow detection speed. In contrast, a fundus detection apparatus such as a fundus camera has better universality. Its price is moderate, and detection speed is very fast, and the instrument is also more miniaturized.
The fundus camera, as a fundus inspection device most widely used, still has certain limitations. The field angle of most devices is about 45 degrees, and the field angle is not large enough. When in use, the detected object is required to be subjected to mydriasis treatment, and the operation is troublesome. The classic structure of the fundus camera is that imaging and illumination light paths share the same front group, a half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror is arranged at a light splitting part, one path is used for illumination, and the other path is used for imaging. The use of the half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror can lose part of the light energy, so that the light intensity of the obtained fundus image is greatly reduced. In addition, the type has larger stray light, and a certain ghost image is generated, so that the imaging effect of the eye bottom is greatly influenced. Stray light comes mainly from reflected light at the cornea and back-reflected light of the common anterior group lens.
Common ways to eliminate stray light are: the mode of adding a black spot plate at a specific position in the light path or changing a half-reflecting and half-transmitting mirror for light splitting of the illumination and imaging system into a hollow type reflector can lose most of light energy by blocking to eliminate stray light.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a large-view-field stray-light-eliminating type mydriatic eye fundus camera, which can enable an imaging system to have a larger view angle, reduce the influence of system stray light and obtain a better imaging effect.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a large-view-field stray-light-eliminating type mydriatic fundus camera comprises a front lens group, an annular polarization beam splitter, an illumination lens group, an illumination light source, an 1/4 wave plate, a relay lens group, a rear imaging lens group and a CCD (charge coupled device);
light emitted by the illumination light source forms a primary image at the annular polarization beam splitter plate through the illumination lens group; the primary image of the light source sequentially passes through the front lens group and the 1/4 wave plate to form an annular light spot at the cornea of the human eye to illuminate the fundus, and the illumination light source is conjugated with the position of the cornea;
the light reflected by the eyeground is transmitted through the 1/4 wave plate and the front lens group to reach the annular polarization beam splitter, the light at the annular polarization beam splitter is conjugated with the pupils of human eyes, the light continuously transmits after penetrating through the annular polarization beam splitter, and finally focuses and images on the CCD after passing through the relay lens group and the rear imaging lens group.
Further, the illumination light source is formed by alternately arranging near infrared and visible LEDs.
Further, the illumination angle and the numerical aperture of the illumination light source at the cornea imaging position can enable the reflected light of the cornea to deviate from the on-axis optical system.
Further, the area of the annular polarization beam splitter plate is matched with the size of the primary image of the light source.
Further, all the lenses in the front lens group are free-form surface lenses.
Further, the CCD is capable of responding to visible and near infrared bands.
Has the advantages that:
first, the present invention is able to detect a larger field of view, the field of view of the system of the present invention is 65 ° according to the fundus camera field of view definition.
Secondly, the invention realizes a non-mydriatic detection mode by controlling the illumination light source, reduces the physiological influence on the detected object and has simpler operation.
Thirdly, the invention uses an annular light source to finally form an annular light spot at the cornea; the imaging optical path mainly utilizes the central part in the ring; the imaging and illuminating part makes full use of the pupils of human eyes and does not generate interference at the pupils.
Fourthly, the invention utilizes the ring-shaped polarization beam splitter plate and the 1/4 wave plate, which are the most innovative points of the invention and can reduce the influence of the backward reflection stray light of the front lens group. In addition, the angle and the numerical aperture of the light rays entering the cornea are controlled, so that the reflected light at the cornea can avoid a front set system, and the influence of the reflected stray light at the cornea is reduced.
Fifth, compared with the traditional mode of adding a black spot plate or using a hollow reflector to shield part of light rays and sacrifice the light energy utilization rate, the annular polarization light splitting plate adopted by the invention can still transmit modulated and effective fundus reflection light rays in an annular area, so the light energy utilization rate is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the optical path of the large-field stray-light-eliminating mydriasis-free eye fundus camera of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an illumination system.
FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the illumination source.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an annular polarization beam splitter, where (a) is an annular polarization beam splitting principle, and (b) is a simulation effect of the annular polarization beam splitter.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an imaging system.
The human eye model-based optical lens comprises a human eye model 1, a front lens group 2, an annular polarization beam splitter 3, an illumination lens group 4, an illumination light source 5, a wave plate 6-1/4, a relay lens group 7, a rear imaging lens group 8, a CCD9, a near infrared LED 10 and a visible light LED 11.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a large-view-field stray-light-eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera which is mainly divided into an imaging system and an illuminating system. The part shared by the two systems comprises a front lens group, a ring-shaped polarization beam splitter plate and an 1/4 wave plate. The rest part of the imaging system comprises a relay lens group, a rear imaging lens group and a CCD (Charge-coupled Device, namely a CCD detector); the rest of the illumination system comprises an illumination lens group and an illumination light source.
The present invention is a non-ocular fundus inspection apparatus in which the working distance between the anterior surface of the eye and the optical system is 25mm and the system field angle is 65 deg. taking into account the length of the eyelashes and the system field angle.
The illumination system is schematically shown in fig. 2, and an annular illumination light source 5 forms a primary image at the annular polarization beam splitter plate 3 after passing through the illumination lens group 4. The size of the annular area of the annular plate is matched with the size of the primary image of the annular light source. Wherein the light energy in a specific polarization state is reflected at the polarization beam splitter plate and reaches the cornea through the front lens group, so as to illuminate the fundus;
the illumination light source is, as shown in fig. 3, a near-infrared LED and a visible light LED which are alternately arranged. When fundus examination is carried out, a near infrared light source is used for illumination, the fundus is illuminated, a fundus image is searched, the system is adjusted to a proper position, and an illumination light source in the system is conjugated with the position of a cornea. And when the image is collected, the near-infrared LED is closed, and the visible light is used for exposure and photographing. Because the exposure time is extremely short, the pupils of the human eyes cannot react timely, and the contraction cannot be generated. Detection can be performed without a mydriatic. By optimizing the design of the system, the angle of incidence and numerical aperture of the annular spot at the cornea are made to be of reasonable size, so that the reflected light illuminating the cornea is reflected in a direction away from the imaging system (shown in phantom in fig. 2). Therefore, the influence of the reflected stray light at the cornea on the imaging effect of the system can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, the circular polarization beam splitter 3 has polarization splitting characteristics, and is used in combination with an 1/4 wave plate, which is the most innovative point of the present invention, and is capable of transmitting light reflected from the fundus oculi and reflecting backward stray light of the front lens group, thereby eliminating stray light influence. The polarization splitting plate 3 operates on the principle shown in fig. 4(a), and is capable of separating light of s and p polarization states from light, reflecting the s light, and transmitting the p light. The invention relates to a polarization beam splitter processed into a ring shape, wherein the ring shape is mainly designed to correspond to the shape of an illumination light source. The simulation effect of the annular polarization beam splitter is as shown in fig. 4(b), light in s-polarization state in the illumination light source is reflected at the annular polarization beam splitter, passes through the front lens group and the 1/4 wave plate and then irradiates the cornea, and light reflected by the fundus transmits through the 1/4 wave plate and the front lens group again and reaches the annular polarization beam splitter. At this time, effective fundus imaging light passes through the 1/4 wave plate twice, can generate phase change of pi, is modulated into a p polarization state, can be transmitted at the annular polarization beam splitter plate, passes through the relay lens group and the imaging lens group, and reaches the CCD for imaging. And the backward reflected light of the illumination light source in the front lens group is not modulated by the wave plate, the phase is not changed and is still in an s state, and the backward reflected light cannot transmit the annular polarization beam splitter plate, so that the influence of backward stray light of the front lens group is reduced.
The area of the annular area on the polarizing plate is matched with the size of the primary image of the annular illumination light source, so that the illumination light source is utilized to the maximum extent. The annular polarization beam splitter plate is conjugated with the pupil position, and the relationship ensures that the light rays of each view field at the beam splitter plate are uniformly distributed, so that the influence effect on each view field after the annular polarization beam splitter plate is added is consistent, and the information loss of a certain single view field cannot be caused. Therefore, uniformity of imaging is ensured.
For the conventional hollow mirror solution, it is to shield the edge portion of the light reaching the hollow mirror to minimize the stray light of the system. In the mode, the light reflected by the eyeground and passing through the hollow reflector is reduced by about 50 percent compared with the light irradiating human eyes, and the light energy utilization rate of the system is very low. The light irradiated into human eyes by the illumination light source can almost completely pass through the annular polarization beam splitter and the imaging system to be imaged after being modulated by the 1/4 wave plate twice. While eliminating stray light, the utility ratio of light energy is still high.
The imaging system is shown in fig. 5, the system having a 65 ° field angle. The annular polarization beam splitter is completely conjugated with the pupil, and the aperture of the conjugated position is small, so that the size of a rear imaging system is favorably reduced. The conjugate design ensures that the effect of the light splitting plate on the light of each field is consistent, the information of a single field cannot be lost, and the imaging uniformity can be ensured. The working waveband of the imaging system covers the region from visible light to near infrared (486nm-850nm), and the CCD9 can respond to the visible light and the near infrared waveband. The back focal length of the imaging system is 8mm, and the size of the image surface is matched with the size of a target surface of the CCD.
The front lens group 2 in fig. 1 is a lens group shared by an illumination system (fig. 2) and an imaging system (fig. 5). The front lens group is arranged between human eyes and the annular polarization beam splitter, light beams are converged preferentially and then split, and the mode is favorable for realizing the design of a large view field and simultaneously reducing the volume of the system as much as possible. In addition, the free-form surface has a more complex surface profile, which can better correct aberrations, helping to reduce the total lens count of the system.
The working process of the invention is briefly described as follows:
the system mainly comprises an imaging system and an illuminating system, the working waveband of the system is from visible light to near infrared (486nm-850nm), and the working distance is 25 mm. The near infrared light source is used for illumination to illuminate the eyeground. The influence of the reflection of stray light by the cornea is reduced by controlling the incidence angle and the numerical aperture of the light at the cornea. The annular polarization beam splitter plate and the 1/4 wave plate are matched to modulate the phase of fundus reflection light, so that the backward reflection light of the useless front lens group is filtered out, and the influence of stray light caused by the front lens group is reduced. Finally, fundus images are obtained on the CCD. And (4) turning off the near-infrared light source, exposing by utilizing visible light, and collecting fundus images. Therefore, the fundus image with a large field of view is obtained by a non-mydriatic mode, and the imaging quality of the system is better due to the stray light eliminating design.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A large-view-field stray-light-eliminating type mydriatic eye fundus camera is characterized by comprising a front lens group, an annular polarization beam splitter, an illumination lens group, an illumination light source, an 1/4 wave plate, a relay lens group, a rear imaging lens group and a CCD;
light emitted by the illumination light source forms a primary image at the annular polarization beam splitter plate through the illumination lens group; the primary image of the light source sequentially passes through the front lens group and the 1/4 wave plate to form an annular light spot at the cornea of the human eye to illuminate the fundus, and the illumination light source is conjugated with the position of the cornea;
the light reflected by the eyeground is transmitted through the 1/4 wave plate and the front lens group to reach the annular polarization beam splitter, the light at the annular polarization beam splitter is conjugated with the pupils of human eyes, the light continuously transmits after penetrating through the annular polarization beam splitter, and finally focuses and images on the CCD after passing through the relay lens group and the rear imaging lens group.
2. The large field of view, stray light-eliminating mydriatic fundus camera of claim 1, wherein the illumination source is comprised of alternating near infrared and visible LEDs.
3. The large field of view speckle-eliminating non-mydriatic fundus camera of claim 1, wherein the illumination angle and numerical aperture of the illumination source at the cornea site enable the reflected light from the cornea to deviate from the on-axis optical system.
4. The large-field-of-view, stray-light-eliminating mydriatic fundus camera of claim 1, wherein the area of the annular region of the annular polarization beam splitter matches the size of the primary image of the light source.
5. The large field of view, stray light eliminating mydriatic fundus camera of claim 1, wherein the lenses of the front lens group are free-form surface lenses.
6. The large field of view, stray light-eliminating mydriatic fundus camera of claim 1, wherein said CCD is responsive to visible and near infrared bands.
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| CN202011521354.2A CN112641423A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Stray light eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera with large view field |
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| CN202011521354.2A CN112641423A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Stray light eliminating type mydriasis-free eye fundus camera with large view field |
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