CN112637091B - Link quality estimation method and device for cross-protocol communication - Google Patents

Link quality estimation method and device for cross-protocol communication Download PDF

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CN112637091B
CN112637091B CN201910904630.4A CN201910904630A CN112637091B CN 112637091 B CN112637091 B CN 112637091B CN 201910904630 A CN201910904630 A CN 201910904630A CN 112637091 B CN112637091 B CN 112637091B
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何源
张佳
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Tsinghua University
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
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    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/0224—Channel estimation using sounding signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method and device. The method comprises the following steps: transmitting a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, the sounding frame including symbols for channel estimation; receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient; estimating link quality of the cross-protocol communication from the channel coefficients. The CTC transmitting terminal of the embodiment of the invention can improve the accuracy of estimating the CTC link quality by transmitting the symbols for channel estimation to the CTC receiving terminal and estimating the CTC link quality according to the channel coefficient of the CTC combined link model obtained by feedback from the receiving terminal.

Description

Link quality estimation method and device for cross-protocol communication
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for estimating link quality in cross-protocol communications.
Background
Cross-protocol Communication Technology (CTC) enables direct Communication between heterogeneous devices (e.g., WiFi, bluetooth, ZigBee) that comply with different Communication standards. The CTC not only allows information to be transferred between different wireless devices, but also improves the ability to manage the entire wireless network.
The study of CTCs has attracted much attention in recent years. Early work primarily utilized the characteristics of the cladding order to carry information such as packet length, transmission time and transmission energy, in a manner known as cladding order CTCs. The mainstream mode at present is physical layer CTC, and the main idea is physical simulation, that is, directly utilizing a transmitting end to simulate a target signal of a receiving end. Physical layer CTCs enable greater throughput than cladding-order CTCs. With the rapid development of CTCs, how to manage and utilize wireless channels created by CTCs is becoming an increasingly important issue.
Recent work in the direction of CTCs has more or less begun to focus on the quality of CTCs. For example, the Packet Reception Rate (Packet Reception Rate) of WEBee (WiFi to ZigBee cross protocol communication) is between 45% and 55%, and 6 retransmissions are required to ensure 99% reliable transmission. WIDE (WiFi to ZigBee cross protocol communication) improves the reliability of the WEBee and achieves a reliability of 80% to 90%. When a CTC link is incorporated into a wireless network, the quality of these links can affect many aspects of network operation, such as link selection, transmission measurements, and routing structure.
Link quality estimation is a classical problem in wireless networks. In view of the metrics that measure link quality, there are many different ways of estimating, roughly classified into three categories: (1) original physical layer indicators obtained from between the receiving ends, such as RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication), SNR (Signal/Noise, Signal-to-Noise ratio), and the like; (2) metrics derived from physical layer measurements, such as LQI (Link Quality Indicator) and CSI (Channel State Information); (3) the index of the Packet order, for example, PRR (Packet Reception Rate) measures the ratio of successful Reception of a Packet, and ETX (expected Transmission count) calculates the expected Transmission order required for successfully transmitting a Packet. In addition, some prior efforts have combined the two or three metrics described above to estimate link quality, such as the 4-bit index.
However, none of the existing approaches can be used for estimation of CTC link quality. The reason is that there is a substantial difference between CTC links and legacy wireless links. Based on physical layer simulations, transmission on a CTC link may be affected by two factors: analog error and channel distortion. Different analog Error symbols have different Symbol Error probabilities (Symbol Error rates) under different channel environments. Link metrics at the physical layer do not completely characterize the entire process of CTCs, while link metrics at the cladding level ignore differences in physical layer information. Using existing metrics to estimate CTC link quality often represents a formidable accuracy and uncontrollable burden.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method and device.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method, which is applied to CTC transmitting terminal equipment and comprises the following steps:
transmitting a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, the sounding frame including symbols for channel estimation;
receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
estimating link quality of the cross-protocol communication from the channel coefficients.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method, which is applied to CTC receiving end equipment and comprises the following steps:
receiving a detection frame sent by CTC sending end equipment, wherein the detection frame comprises symbols for channel estimation;
counting the probability of the correctly decoded symbol in the detection frame to obtain the counted symbol forward solution probability;
calculating a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, wherein the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
and sending the channel coefficient to the CTC sending terminal equipment so that the CTC sending terminal equipment estimates the link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation device, which is applied to CTC transmitting terminal equipment, and comprises the following components:
a first transmitting unit, configured to transmit a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, where the sounding frame includes a symbol used for channel estimation;
the first receiving unit is used for receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
a first estimation unit for estimating link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation device, which is applied to CTC receiving terminal equipment, and comprises:
a second receiving unit, configured to receive a sounding frame sent by a CTC sending end device, where the sounding frame includes a symbol used for channel estimation;
the statistical unit is used for counting the probability of the correctly decoded symbol in the detection frame to obtain the statistical probability of the positive solution of the symbol;
the calculation unit is used for calculating a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
a second sending unit, configured to send the channel coefficient to the CTC sending-end device, so that the CTC sending-end device estimates, according to the channel coefficient, link quality of the inter-protocol communication.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, the method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication is implemented.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned link quality estimation method for cross-protocol communication.
According to the cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the CTC sending end sends the symbols for channel estimation to the CTC receiving end, the CTC receiving end receives the symbols for channel estimation, counts the decoding probability of the symbols, calculates the channel coefficient of the CTC combined link model according to the decoding probability, sends the channel coefficient to the CTC sending end, and the CTC sending end estimates all symbol decoding information according to the channel coefficient and estimates the CTC link quality according to all symbol decoding information, so that the accuracy of estimating the CTC link quality can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an analog error distribution of a ZigBee symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an actual decoding error probability of a ZigBee symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a CTC federated link model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between a channel coefficient and a bit error probability according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between channel coefficients and bit error probabilities according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-protocol communication link quality estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a link quality estimation apparatus for cross-protocol communication according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Before describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, the concept of the CTC Link joint Link model and the C-lqi (cross Link Quality indicator) is introduced.
The C-LQI proposed by the embodiments of the present invention is a novel metric defined as the expected probability that a symbol is successfully decoded at the receiving end of a CTC link. The C-LQI is built on a CTC joint link model, and the model simultaneously considers two aspects of simulation error and channel distortion in the CTC process.
Without loss of generality, the system introduces C-LQI by taking physical layer cross-protocol communication from WiFi to ZigBee as an example.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the analog error distribution of a ZigBee symbol.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the actual decoding error probability of a ZigBee symbol.
When the ZigBee symbol is simulated by the WiFi transmitting terminal, because the WiFi cannot perfectly simulate the waveform of the signal corresponding to the ZigBee symbol, different ZigBee symbols can have different simulation errors, referring to fig. 1. When these analog signals pass through the actual channel and are decoded at the ZigBee receiving end, their error probability does not match their analog error, see fig. 2. The reason for this is that the signal is distorted in the actual channel due to noise, multipath, etc. And signal change caused by distortion and the analog error of the ZigBee symbol can be superposed, so that the decoding error probability passing through an actual channel is changed compared with the analog error.
Specifically, the decoding result of each ZigBee symbol is determined by 30 bits, and each bit is determined by the phase difference between adjacent sampling points. Analog errors introduced by the WiFi transmitter cause these phase differences to change deterministically, some changes being sufficient to change the decoding result of the corresponding bits: in the ZigBee decoding process, if the phase difference is greater than 0 degree, the decoding is 1, otherwise, the decoding is 0. There are also some variations that are not sufficient to change the decoding result, but also change the probability of decoding errors. These analog errors will affect the decoding result of the ZigBee symbol accordingly.
On the other hand, the interference brought by the actual channel to the analog signal is random, which causes the analog signal to further generate the change of the phase difference based on the original analog error, thereby affecting the decoding result of the whole symbol. Thus, different link qualities result in different symbol decoding probabilities in the case of analog error determination for each symbol.
Therefore, to estimate the CTC link quality, a new metric must be proposed. This metric should be related to the analog error as well as the channel distortion. C-LQI is a common metric for physical layer CTC link quality estimation. The embodiment of the invention provides the definition of C-LQI, and further provides a combined link model for describing the quality of the CTC link by utilizing the characteristics that the quality of the CTC link is influenced by both simulation error and channel distortion, so as to accurately estimate the CTC link.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The method shown in fig. 3 is applied to a CTC sender device, and specifically includes the following steps, as shown in fig. 3:
s31, sending a detection frame to CTC receiving terminal equipment, wherein the detection frame comprises symbols for channel estimation;
specifically, the CTC transmitting end periodically transmits a sounding frame to the CTC receiving end, and symbols for channel estimation are embedded in the sounding frame. It should be noted that, when designing the probe frame content, the probe frame content needs to be determined in advance at the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the receiving end uses the correlation between the decoding result and the probe frame content to identify the probe frame.
S32, receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
specifically, an ACK (Acknowledgement) fed back from the receiving end is received, where the ACK includes a channel coefficient of the CTC joint link model calculated by the receiving end according to the decoding information of the symbol.
Further, the CTC joint link model is used to analyze and calculate C-LQI, which is an expected probability that a symbol is successfully decoded by a receiving end in the CTC link, and a decoding probability that an original signal passes through an actual channel due to analog errors and channel random errors is determined by channel coefficients of the CTC joint link model. The CTC link model exhibits a relationship between symbol decoding probability and channel coefficient, and the channel parameters correspond to a series of bit positive solution probabilities for each symbol.
And S33, estimating the link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
Specifically, the transmitting end can calculate the positive solution probability of all symbols of the data packet to be transmitted, i.e., C-LQI in the CTC link, according to the channel coefficients. If the composition of the packet content is known, the C-LQI can be used to estimate the packet reception rate on the CTC link, and to measure the link quality in terms of the packet reception rate.
According to the cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the CTC sending end sends the symbols for channel estimation to the CTC receiving end, estimates all symbol decoding information according to the channel coefficients of the CTC combined link model obtained by feedback from the receiving end, estimates the CTC link quality according to all symbol decoding information, and can improve the accuracy of estimating the CTC link quality.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the expression of the CTC join link model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002212917980000071
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n,Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
Figure BDA0002212917980000072
{i1,i2…inis from { i }1,i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresenting the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit, each symbol being mapped by m bits;
Figure BDA0002212917980000081
Figure BDA0002212917980000082
f (y) for each phase in each symbolPoor probability distribution, p1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient.
Specifically, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a CTC Link model, from which it can be seen that a simulation process introducing a simulation Error (Emulation Error) is a Logical Link (Logical Link), and a wireless channel is a Physical Link (Physical Link), and the two parts jointly form the entire CTC Link.
In order to estimate the CTC link quality, the entire link must be considered. Both the analog error and the Channel Distortion (Channel Distortion) have to be taken into account. If S isrRepresenting the received signal, SiRepresenting the original signal, EeAnd EdRespectively representing the random error caused by the analog error and the channel distortion, the relationship is:
Sr＝Si·Ee·Ed
this means that the original signal is affected by both analog errors and channel random errors, both of which should be considered in estimating the link quality.
Assuming that the effect of the channel on the sampling points in the analog waveform is random, the phase change of the corresponding sampling points is also random. And the effect of different channels on the phase should be different. If p is1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent samples in the analog waveform, and the channel will generate a phase difference of-x, x]By random variation of a1And a2To represent the actual phases of the two samples after passing through the actual channel, there are:
a1～U(p1-x,p1+x),a2～U(p2-x,p2+x)
consider next a2-a1Probability of (2)Distribution, i.e. the probability distribution of the phase difference. If X is1And X2Are independent random variables obeying U (0,1), Y ═ X2-X1Then the cumulative distribution of Y is:
Figure BDA0002212917980000091
with this conclusion, consider
Figure BDA0002212917980000092
Can obtain a2-a1Has a cumulative distribution of
Figure BDA0002212917980000093
It should be noted that a2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, so if y exceeds this range, the value of f (y) is 0 or 1, respectively.
Wherein p is2-p1Namely, the phase difference of the ZigBee symbol after simulation includes an analog error, and x represents random distortion caused by a channel. This explains the difference between the actual symbol misinterpretation probability and the simulation error. After the analog error of the phase difference between the sampling points is determined, different channel coefficients x correspond to different distributions of the actual phase difference.
After the probability distribution of each phase difference in each symbol is obtained, the probability of the positive solution of each phase difference can be obtained. Use of CiRepresenting the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit, then there is
Figure BDA0002212917980000094
When the standard bit corresponding to the phase difference is 0, the phase differenceShould not be greater than 0 degrees, so the probability of successful decoding of this bit is P (a)2-a10 or less), namely F (0); when the standard bit corresponding to the phase difference is 1, the phase difference should be higher than 0 degree, so the corresponding successful decoding probability is P (a)2-a1≧ 0), i.e., 1-F (0).
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the final bit error probability of analog waveforms of different symbols when the channel coefficient x is pi/3.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the final bit error probability of analog waveforms of different symbols when the channel coefficient x is 2 pi/3.
With reference to fig. 5 and fig. 6, the correspondence between the channel coefficient and the bit Error Probability (Chip Error Probability) is shown. When the channel coefficients are different, the final bit error resolution probabilities of analog waveforms with the same symbol are different; meanwhile, when the channel coefficients are the same, the bit error probability of different symbols is different after the different symbols are affected by channel distortion due to different analog waveforms.
Taking the ZigBee symbol as an example, the ZigBee symbol has 16 different symbols, each symbol is mapped by 30 bits, and in this way, one channel parameter x corresponds to a series of bit positive solution probabilities C of each symbol1,C2…C30. The bit positive solution probabilities can then be used to calculate the decoding probabilities for the corresponding symbols. By using SaAnd SbTo represent the symbol a and the symbol b, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing symbol a is decoded into symbol b after passing through the actual channel. Then the symbol decoding probability can be calculated by the following relation:
Figure BDA0002212917980000101
wherein P (n, S)a) Representing the probability of a 30-bit error of n bits in the symbol a, P (S)a→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of symbol a is decoded into symbol b in the case of n bits in error in the 30-bit bits. If all P (S) can be obtaineda→Sb| n) and P (n, S)a) The probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b can be calculated.
Since the standard bits of 16 ZigBee symbols are known, all P (S) can be easily obtained by traversal calculationa→Sb| n). And P (n, S)a) It can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002212917980000102
wherein { i1,i2…inIs from { i }1,i2…i30Selecting a combination of n bits, CiIs the bit positive solution probability determined by the channel coefficient x. In this way, once the channel coefficients are determined, all of P (n, S) can be determineda) Eventually, all P (S) can be determineda→Sb) The value corresponding to C-LQI can be obtained.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, step S33 specifically includes:
calculating the symbol positive solution probability of the data packet to be transmitted according to the channel coefficient;
calculating the packet receiving rate of the data packet to be transmitted according to the symbol forward solution probability to estimate the link quality of the cross-protocol communication, wherein the calculation formula of the packet receiving rate is as follows:
Figure BDA0002212917980000103
wherein, PRReIndicating the packet reception rate, niThe symbol aiThe number in the transmitted content;
Figure BDA0002212917980000104
representing the symbol a calculated from the channel coefficientiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
Specifically, the transmitting end calculates the positive solution probability of all symbols of the data packet to be transmitted according to the channel coefficient, and can be used for estimating the packet receiving rate on the CTC link. The ZigBee data packet includes 16 symbols, j is 16, and the calculation formula of the packet reception rate is:
Figure BDA0002212917980000111
it should be noted that the above embodiments are applied to CTC communication in which a bidirectional link exists, and for an application scenario of a single transmission with a bidirectional link, a transmitting end and a receiving end can communicate with each other. In this case, after receiving the sounding frame, the receiving end can calculate the value of the channel coefficient and return it to the transmitting end by ACK. The transmitting end then uses this information to derive a positive solution probability for each symbol. If no bi-directional link exists, all estimation work needs to be done at the receiving end.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication according to another embodiment of the present invention.
The method shown in fig. 7 is applied to a CTC receiving end device, and as shown in fig. 7, specifically includes the following steps:
s71, receiving a detection frame sent by CTC sending terminal equipment, wherein the detection frame comprises symbols for channel estimation;
specifically, the CTC receiving end receives and decodes a sounding frame periodically transmitted by the transmitting end to obtain decoding information of a symbol used for channel estimation in the sounding frame. It should be noted that, when designing the probe frame content, the probe frame content needs to be determined in advance at the transmitting end and the receiving end, and the receiving end uses the correlation between the decoding result and the probe frame content to identify the probe frame.
S72, counting the probability of the correctly decoded symbol in the detection frame to obtain the counted symbol positive solution probability;
specifically, the statistical symbol positive solution probability is obtained according to the proportion of correctly decoded symbols in the sounding frame to all symbols.
S73, calculating a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, wherein the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
specifically, the CTC link model shows a relationship between symbol decoding probability and a channel coefficient, the channel parameter corresponds to a series of bit forward solution probabilities of each symbol, and the channel coefficient of the CTC link model is calculated according to the probability of a correctly decoded symbol.
Further, the CTC joint link model is used to analyze and calculate C-LQI, which is an expected probability that a symbol is successfully decoded by a receiving end in the CTC link, and a decoding probability that an original signal passes through an actual channel due to analog errors and channel random errors is determined by channel coefficients of the CTC joint link model.
S74, sending the channel coefficient to the CTC sender device, so that the CTC sender device estimates the link quality of the inter-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
Specifically, the calculated value of the channel parameter is added to the ACK and returned to the transmitting end. The transmitting end estimates the current channel quality using the channel parameters. If the receiving end does not receive the sounding frame, it does not send ACK and knows that the sounding frame is lost through the sequence number.
According to the cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the CTC receiving terminal receives the symbols for channel estimation sent by the CTC sending terminal, counts the decoding probability of the symbols, calculates the channel coefficient of the CTC combined link model according to the decoding probability, and sends the channel coefficient to the CTC sending terminal, so that the sending terminal carries out estimation on the CTC link quality, and the accuracy of estimating the CTC link quality can be improved.
On the basis of the above embodiment, S73 specifically includes:
determining the symbol forward solution probability in a mapping table closest to the statistical symbol forward solution probability, wherein the mapping table comprises a corresponding relation between a channel coefficient and the symbol forward solution probability;
determining a channel coefficient which minimizes the Euclidean distance between the statistical symbol forward solution probability and the symbol forward solution probability in the mapping table as a channel coefficient of the CTC joint link model;
the method further comprises the step of generating the mapping table:
selecting the value of the channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the channel coefficient, and respectively calculating the sign positive solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model;
and generating a mapping table by using the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol positive solution probability.
Specifically, the CTC link model exhibits a relationship between symbol decoding probability and channel coefficient. Although only one symbol decoding probability is theoretically required to calculate the corresponding channel coefficients, this process requires a large amount of computation and is very difficult. Commercial ZigBee devices also typically do not support such calculations. Since the value of the channel coefficient ranges from 0 to pi, the channel coefficient can be firstly and respectively assigned to be
Figure BDA0002212917980000121
Then directly calculating the positive solution probability of all the corresponding symbols. This allows to obtain a mapping table between the values of the channel parameters and the symbol decoding probabilities.
After a series of symbol decoding probabilities are obtained, they may be compared with the symbol decoding probabilities in the mapping table to obtain the value of the channel coefficient corresponding to the most similar symbol decoding probability as the calculation result.
In order to obtain a more accurate estimation result, the influence of random errors should be reduced, and thus the symbol having the highest positive or missolution rate should be selected as the transmission content, so that the number of samples increases. Finally, two symbols with the highest positive solution rate are selected as the transmission content, so as to further reduce the influence caused by the statistical error and further improve the accuracy of the statistical symbol decoding probability.
When the sounding frame contains two symbols, the Euclidean distance between symbol decoding probabilities is used as a measurement standard for judging similarity. The channel parameter x is then calculated using the following formula:
Figure BDA0002212917980000131
the specific idea of the calculation is to convert the problem into an optimization problem and calculate x to minimize the euclidean distance.
Figure BDA0002212917980000132
And
Figure BDA0002212917980000133
respectively represent the symbol positive solution probability obtained by statistics and the symbol positive solution probability in the mapping table,
Figure BDA0002212917980000134
representing a ZigBee symbol ai. Thus, the values of the channel coefficients are obtained.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the expression of the CTC join link model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002212917980000135
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n,Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
Figure BDA0002212917980000136
{i1,i2…inis from { i }1,i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresenting the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit, each symbol being mapped by m bits;
Figure BDA0002212917980000141
Figure BDA0002212917980000142
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient.
Specifically, the derivation process of the expression of the CTC link model has been described in detail at the CTC transmitting end, and is not described here again.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after determining the sign positive solution probability in the mapping table closest to the statistical sign positive solution probability, the method further includes:
calculating an average symbol positive solution probability of a data packet to be received to estimate the link quality of the cross-protocol communication, wherein the average symbol positive solution probability is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002212917980000143
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002212917980000144
symbol a in the representation mapping tableiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
Specifically, since bidirectional communication between heterogeneous devices is not completely implemented, in a scenario where there are multiple transmitting ends with only unidirectional links, the receiving end must determine link quality by itself. The receiving end needs to calculate all the symbol positive solution probabilities and make a judgment. Taking the ZigBee symbol as an example, the ZigBee data packet includes 16 symbols, j ═ 16, and assuming that the probability of each symbol appearing in the following data packet is the same, the link quality can be estimated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002212917980000145
in this way, the receiving end can judge the quality of the link corresponding to each transmitting end and select the optimal link.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a link quality estimation apparatus for cross-protocol communication according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The apparatus shown in fig. 8 is applied to a CTC sender device, and as shown in fig. 8, the apparatus further includes: a first sending unit 81, a first receiving unit 82 and a first estimating unit 83, wherein:
the first sending unit 81 is configured to send a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, where the sounding frame includes a symbol for channel estimation;
the first receiving unit 82 is configured to receive an acknowledgment message sent by a CTC receiving end device, where the acknowledgment message includes a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
the first estimating unit 83 is configured to estimate the link quality of the inter-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
The cross-protocol communication link quality estimation device provided by the embodiment of the invention is capable of passing through.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the expression of the CTC join link model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002212917980000151
wherein，P(Sa→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n,Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure BDA0002212917980000152
{i1,i2…inis from { i }1,i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure BDA0002212917980000153
Figure BDA0002212917980000154
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the first estimating unit 83 includes:
the first calculation module is used for calculating the positive symbol solution probability of the data packet to be transmitted according to the channel coefficient;
a second calculating module, configured to calculate a packet receiving rate of the data packet to be sent according to the symbol forward solution probability to estimate link quality of the inter-protocol communication, where a calculation formula of the packet receiving rate is:
Figure BDA0002212917980000161
wherein, PRReIndicating the packet reception rate, niThe symbol aiThe number in the transmitted content;
Figure BDA0002212917980000162
representing the symbol a calculated from the channel coefficientiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a link quality estimation apparatus for cross-protocol communication according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
The apparatus shown in fig. 9 is applied to a CTC receiving end device, and as shown in fig. 9, specifically includes: a second receiving unit 91, a counting unit 92, a calculating unit 93 and a second sending unit 94, wherein:
the second receiving unit 91 is configured to receive a probe frame sent by a CTC sending end device, where the probe frame includes a symbol used for channel estimation;
a counting unit 92, configured to count a probability of a correctly decoded symbol in the probe frame, to obtain a counted symbol forward solution probability;
a calculating unit 93, configured to calculate a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, where the CTC joint link model is determined according to a decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient;
a second sending unit 94, configured to send the channel coefficient to the CTC sending-end device, so that the CTC sending-end device estimates link quality of the inter-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the calculation unit 93 includes:
a first determining module, configured to determine a symbol positive solution probability in a mapping table closest to the statistical symbol positive solution probability, where the mapping table includes a correspondence between a channel coefficient and the symbol positive solution probability;
a second determining module, configured to determine a channel coefficient that minimizes an euclidean distance between the statistical symbol positive solution probability and the symbol positive solution probability in the mapping table as a channel coefficient of the CTC joint link model;
the device further comprises a generating unit for generating the mapping table; the generation unit includes:
the third calculation module is used for selecting the value of the channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the channel coefficient, and respectively calculating the symbol forward solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model;
the generating module is used for generating a mapping table by the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol forward solution probability;
the expression of the CTC joint link model is as follows:
Figure BDA0002212917980000171
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n,Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure BDA0002212917980000172
{i1,i2…inis from { i }1,i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure BDA0002212917980000173
Figure BDA0002212917980000174
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the apparatus further includes:
a second estimating unit, configured to calculate an average symbol forward solution probability of a data packet to be received to estimate link quality of the inter-protocol communication, where the average symbol forward solution probability is calculated by:
Figure BDA0002212917980000181
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002212917980000182
symbol a in the representation mapping tableiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
The link quality estimation apparatus for cross-protocol communication described in this embodiment may be used to implement the above method embodiments, and the principle and technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Fig. 10 illustrates a physical structure diagram of an electronic device, and as shown in fig. 10, the electronic device may include: a processor (processor)101, a communication Interface (communication Interface)102, a memory (memory)103 and a communication bus 104, wherein the processor 101, the communication Interface 102 and the memory 103 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 104. The processor 101 may call logic instructions in the memory 103 to perform the methods provided by the various embodiments described above.
In addition, the logic instructions in the memory 103 may be implemented in the form of software functional units and stored in a computer readable storage medium when the logic instructions are sold or used as independent products. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In another aspect, embodiments of the present invention further provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program is implemented by a processor to execute the methods provided in the foregoing embodiments.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for estimating link quality of cross-protocol communication is applied to a CTC transmitting terminal device, and the method comprises the following steps:
transmitting a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, the sounding frame including symbols for channel estimation;
receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient; the symbol decoding probability is calculated by the following relation:
Figure FDA0003339616160000011
wherein P (n, S)a) Representing the probability of a 30-bit error of n bits in the symbol a, P (S)a→Sb| n) represents the probability of decoding the analog waveform of symbol a into symbol b with n bits in error in the 30-bit bits; if all P (S) can be obtaineda→Sb| n) and P (n, S)a) The probability of decoding the analog waveform of the symbol a into the symbol b can be calculated; selecting the value of the channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the channel coefficient, and respectively calculating the sign positive solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model; generating a mapping table by using the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol positive solution probability; the expression of the CTC joint link model is as follows:
Figure FDA0003339616160000012
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n，Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure FDA0003339616160000013
{i1，i2…inis from { i }1，i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure FDA0003339616160000021
Figure FDA0003339616160000022
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient;
estimating link quality of the cross-protocol communication from the channel coefficients.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein estimating the link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficients comprises:
calculating the symbol positive solution probability of the data packet to be transmitted according to the channel coefficient;
calculating the packet receiving rate of the data packet to be transmitted according to the symbol forward solution probability to estimate the link quality of the cross-protocol communication, wherein the calculation formula of the packet receiving rate is as follows:
Figure FDA0003339616160000023
wherein, PRReIndicating the packet reception rate, niThe symbol aiThe number in the transmitted content;
Figure FDA0003339616160000024
representing the symbol a calculated from the channel coefficientiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
3. A cross-protocol communication link quality estimation method applied to a CTC receiving end device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a detection frame sent by CTC sending end equipment, wherein the detection frame comprises symbols for channel estimation;
counting the probability of the correctly decoded symbol in the detection frame to obtain the counted symbol forward solution probability;
calculating a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, wherein the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient; determining the symbol forward solution probability in a mapping table closest to the statistical symbol forward solution probability, wherein the mapping table comprises a corresponding relation between a channel coefficient and the symbol forward solution probability;
determining a channel coefficient which minimizes the Euclidean distance between the statistical symbol forward solution probability and the symbol forward solution probability in the mapping table as a channel coefficient of the CTC joint link model;
the method further comprises the step of generating the mapping table:
selecting the value of the channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the channel coefficient, and respectively calculating the sign positive solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model;
generating a mapping table by using the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol positive solution probability;
the expression of the CTC joint link model is as follows:
Figure FDA0003339616160000031
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n，Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure FDA0003339616160000032
{i1，i2…inis from { i }1，i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure FDA0003339616160000033
Figure FDA0003339616160000034
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient;
and sending the channel coefficient to the CTC sending terminal equipment so that the CTC sending terminal equipment estimates the link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein after determining a symbol positive solution probability in the mapping table that is closest to the statistical symbol positive solution probability, the method further comprises:
calculating an average symbol positive solution probability of a data packet to be received to estimate the link quality of the cross-protocol communication, wherein the average symbol positive solution probability is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003339616160000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003339616160000042
symbol a in the representation mapping tableiThe data packet comprises j symbols.
5. A link quality estimation apparatus for cross-protocol communication, applied to a CTC transmitting-end device, the apparatus comprising:
a first transmitting unit, configured to transmit a sounding frame to a CTC receiving end device, where the sounding frame includes a symbol used for channel estimation;
the first receiving unit is used for receiving a confirmation message sent by CTC receiving end equipment, wherein the confirmation message comprises a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model, the channel coefficient is determined according to the decoding probability of the symbol, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient; the symbol decoding probability is calculated by the following relation:
Figure FDA0003339616160000043
wherein P (n, S)a) Representing the probability of a 30-bit error of n bits in the symbol a, P (S)a→Sb| n) represents the probability of decoding the analog waveform of symbol a into symbol b with n bits in error in the 30-bit bits; if all P (S) can be obtaineda→Sb| n) and P (n, S)a) The probability of decoding the analog waveform of the symbol a into the symbol b can be calculated; according to the channel systemSelecting the value of a channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the number, and respectively calculating the sign positive solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model; generating a mapping table by using the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol positive solution probability; the expression of the CTC joint link model is as follows:
Figure FDA0003339616160000044
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n，Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure FDA0003339616160000051
{i1，i2…inis from { i }1，i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure FDA0003339616160000052
Figure FDA0003339616160000053
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in an analog waveformThe actual channel will be p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient;
a first estimation unit for estimating link quality of the cross-protocol communication according to the channel coefficient.
6. A cross-protocol communication link quality estimation device applied to a CTC receiving end device, the device comprising:
a second receiving unit, configured to receive a sounding frame sent by a CTC sending end device, where the sounding frame includes a symbol used for channel estimation;
the statistical unit is used for counting the probability of the correctly decoded symbol in the detection frame to obtain the statistical probability of the positive solution of the symbol;
the calculation unit is used for calculating a channel coefficient of a CTC joint link model according to the symbol forward solution probability, and the CTC joint link model is determined according to the decoding probability of an original signal after passing through an actual channel and the channel coefficient; determining the symbol forward solution probability in a mapping table closest to the statistical symbol forward solution probability, wherein the mapping table comprises a corresponding relation between a channel coefficient and the symbol forward solution probability;
determining a channel coefficient which minimizes the Euclidean distance between the statistical symbol forward solution probability and the symbol forward solution probability in the mapping table as a channel coefficient of the CTC joint link model;
wherein the generating of the mapping table comprises:
selecting the value of the channel coefficient at specified intervals according to the value range of the channel coefficient, and respectively calculating the sign positive solution probability corresponding to each selected channel coefficient according to the CTC combined link model;
generating a mapping table by using the selected channel coefficient and the corresponding symbol positive solution probability;
the expression of the CTC joint link model is as follows:
Figure FDA0003339616160000061
wherein, P (S)a→Sb) The probability that the analog waveform representing the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through the actual channel;
P(n，Sa) Represents the probability of all bits in symbol a being in n bits of error;
P(Sa→Sb| n) represents the probability that the analog waveform of the symbol a is decoded into the symbol b after passing through an actual channel in the case where n bits are erroneous among all the bit bits of the symbol a;
each symbol is mapped by m bits;
Figure FDA0003339616160000062
{i1，i2…inis from { i }1，i2…imSelecting a combination of n bits, CiRepresents the probability of successful decoding of the ith bit;
Figure FDA0003339616160000063
Figure FDA0003339616160000064
f (y) probability distribution, p, for each phase difference in each symbol1And p2Respectively representing the phases of two adjacent sampling points in the analog waveform, the actual channel will cause p1And p2Generating one [ -x, x [ ]]Random variation of a1And a2Respectively representing the actual phases, a, of two sampling points after passing through the actual channel2-a1Has a value range of p2-p1-2x to p2-p1+2x, x is the channel coefficient;
a second sending unit, configured to send the channel coefficient to the CTC sending-end device, so that the CTC sending-end device estimates, according to the channel coefficient, link quality of the inter-protocol communication.
7. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program performs the steps of the method for link quality estimation for cross-protocol communication according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
8. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, which when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method for link quality estimation for cross-protocol communication according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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