CN112612168A - Optical quantizer based on multimode interference coupler - Google Patents
Optical quantizer based on multimode interference coupler Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An optical quantizer based on a multimode interference coupler. The method comprises the following steps: the multimode interference coupler is provided with M input ports and N output ports and is used for equally splitting the power of an optical signal input by any one input port to each output port; n output optical path structures, each output optical path structure comprising: the photoelectric detector is used for converting the optical signal output by the output port into a current signal; the amplifier is used for amplifying the current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a voltage signal; the comparator is used for comparing the voltage signal output by the amplifier with a preset threshold voltage so as to output a corresponding binary signal; and the decoder is connected with the N output optical path structures and used for decoding and integrating the multi-channel binary signals output by the comparators in each output optical path structure so as to output multi-bit binary signals. The optical quantizer provided by the invention can simplify the complexity of a sampling structure and a quantization structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of integrated optoelectronic devices, in particular to an optical quantizer based on a multimode interference coupler.
Background
The optical ADC plays an important role in a high-speed analog-to-digital signal processing system, which is considered to be capable of breaking through the electronic bottleneck of the conventional electrical ADC, and in the current optical ADC, the optical ADC can be divided into an electrical quantization type optical ADC and an optical quantization type optical ADC according to the difference of quantization principles and modes, wherein the optical quantization type optical ADC can be further divided into an optical quantization type optical ADC based on a free space quantization scheme and an optical quantization type optical ADC based on an on-chip integration scheme. Since the electrical quantization type optical ADC may be limited by the performance of the electrical ADC, the optical quantization type optical ADC based on the free space quantization scheme is not favorable for integration and is easily affected by mechanical vibration, so that the optical quantization type optical ADC based on the on-chip integration scheme becomes a hot point of research.
The existing optical quantization type optical ADC based on the on-chip integration scheme generally uses a mach-zehnder interferometer as a core structure for on-chip optical quantization, but this scheme results in a relatively complex structure, as the number of quantization bits increases, a plurality of mach-zehnder interferometers need to be used, the lengths of modulation arm waveguides in different mach-zehnder interferometers need to satisfy an equal ratio sequence with a ratio of 2, when the number of mach-zehnder interferometers increases, the lengths of modulation arm waveguides exponentially increase, and analog signals need to be simultaneously applied to modulation arm waveguides of all mach-zehnder interferometers, resulting in a high complexity of an active structure, and the process manufacturing requirements of the lengths of modulation arm waveguides of different mach-zehnder interferometers are also high. Therefore, how to reduce the complexity of the structure and the difficulty of the processing technology becomes a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical quantizer based on a multimode interference coupler, thereby simplifying the complexity of a sampling structure and a quantizing structure and reducing the processing difficulty.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical quantizer based on a multi-mode interference coupler, including:
the multi-mode interference coupler is provided with M input ports and N output ports, wherein M and N are positive integers larger than 1, and the multi-mode interference coupler is used for equally splitting the power of an optical signal input by any one of the M input ports to each of the N output ports;
n output optical path structures, wherein each output optical path structure includes:
the photoelectric detector is used for converting the optical signal output by the output port into a current signal;
the amplifier is used for amplifying the current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a voltage signal;
the comparator is used for comparing the voltage signal output by the amplifier with a preset threshold voltage so as to output a corresponding binary signal; and
and the decoder is connected with the N output optical path structures and is used for decoding and integrating the multi-channel binary signals output by the comparators in each output optical path structure so as to output multi-bit binary signals.
In one embodiment, one or more input ports of the multimode interference coupler are connected to a phase shift modulation structure, the phase shift modulation structure is configured to sample an analog signal to load amplitude information of the analog signal to phase information of an optical signal, an input port connected to the phase shift modulation structure is configured to receive a sampled optical signal output by the phase shift modulation structure, and an input port not connected to the phase shift modulation structure is configured to receive an un-sampled reference optical signal;
under the condition that a plurality of input ports are connected with the phase shift modulation structure, sampling optical signals at different moments are input into the multimode interference coupler through different input ports.
In an embodiment, the preset threshold voltage is an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of the voltage signal output by the amplifier.
In one embodiment, the number N of output ports of the multimode interference coupler is determined according to the number of quantization states or bits.
In one embodiment, the multimode interference coupler is a TE mode multimode interference coupler, or a TM mode multimode interference coupler, or a TE, TM mixed mode multimode interference coupler.
In one embodiment, the multi-mode interference coupler is an on-chip integrated optical waveguide structure, and the waveguide structure is a strip waveguide structure or a ridge waveguide structure.
In one embodiment, the number of input ports M and the number of output ports N of the multi-mode interference coupler are equal.
In one embodiment, the number of the multimode interference couplers is one or more.
In an embodiment, the photodetector comprises a junction photodetector.
In one embodiment, the output power of the output port of the multimode interference coupler can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
E30j＝E100_30j+E101_30j
P30jj is 0, 1, 2, 3, …, N is the output power of the j-th output port of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is the number of the output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is a positive integer larger than 1, B is the optical electric field normalization coefficient of the output ports, C is a constant, E is a constant30jIs the optical field of the optical signal of the jth output port, E100_30jIs an optical electric field when an optical signal at the input port 100 is transmitted to the jth output port, E101_30jWhich is the optical electric field when the optical signal of the input port 101 is transmitted to the jth output port,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at the input port 100,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at input port 101,
indicating the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 100 to the jth output port,
which represents the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 101 to the jth output port, omega is the angular frequency of the optical signal and i is the imaginary unit.
In one embodiment, the input optical signal of the multimode interference coupler is a single wavelength signal or a multi-wavelength signal.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the optical quantizer based on the multimode interference coupler provided by the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:
in the optical quantizer provided by the invention, when the phase-shift modulated sampling signal is received through one input port of the multi-mode interference coupler, only one phase-shift modulation structure is required to sample the analog signal, so that the complexity of the sampling structure is simplified. When the sampling signals after phase shift modulation are received through a plurality of input ports of the multimode interference coupler, the port utilization rate of the multimode interference coupler can be improved, and the overall data processing rate and throughput of the optical quantizer are improved.
In the optical quantizer provided by the invention, only one multimode interference coupler can be used for carrying out information processing on the sampled optical signal in the whole structure, if the quantization state number or the bit number of the optical quantizer is required to be increased, only the output port number of the multimode interference coupler is required to be increased, and the number of the multimode interference couplers is not required to be increased, so that the complexity of the structure is simplified.
In the optical quantizer provided by the invention, the output signals of all output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler can be used for signal quantization processing, and the high-efficiency utilization of the optical signal power is ensured.
In the optical quantizer provided by the invention, the multimode interference coupler is an on-chip integrated optical waveguide device, the waveguide main body can adopt a structure mainly made of silicon materials, and a silicon-based optoelectronic device applied to a communication waveband has the advantages of low optical loss, miniaturization and compatibility with a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) process, improves the integration level, can be widely applied to various fields such as high-speed signal processing and optical ADC (analog-to-digital converter) systems, and is beneficial to performing on-chip function integration with other devices and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical quantizer based on a multi-mode interference coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the addition of an optical sampling structure to that of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a plot of normalized power at the output port of a 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler versus optical phase shift generated within the optical sampling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage signal corresponding to different output ports of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler and the optical phase shift generated in the optical sampling structure, and the binary data output from the comparator corresponding to different optical phase shifts according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage signal corresponding to different output ports of the 5 × 5 multimode interference coupler and the optical phase shift generated in the optical sampling structure, and the output binary data of the comparator corresponding to different optical phase shifts according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multiple optical sampling port configuration based on fig. 3.
Description of reference numerals:
100, 101, 102 — an input port of a multimode interference coupler; 2-a multimode interference coupler;
300, 301, 302-output port of multimode interference coupler; 400, 401, 402-photodetector;
500, 501, 502-amplifier; 600, 601, 602-comparator;
700-a decoder; 800-a laser;
801-1 × 2 optical beam splitter; an 802-1 x 3 optical splitter;
900-analog signal source; 901, 902-phase shift modulation architecture.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an optical quantizer based on a multimode interference coupler, which comprises the following steps:
the multimode interference coupler is provided with M input ports and N output ports, wherein M and N are positive integers larger than 1, the multimode interference coupler is used for equally splitting the power of an optical signal input by any one input port of the M input ports to each output port of the N output ports, and the light splitting principle can be based on a multimode interference coupling principle in a multimode waveguide;
n output optical path structures, wherein each output optical path structure includes:
the photoelectric detector is used for converting the optical signal output by the output port into a current signal;
the amplifier is used for amplifying the current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a voltage signal;
the comparator is used for comparing the voltage signal output by the amplifier with a preset threshold voltage so as to output a corresponding binary signal; and
and the decoder is connected with the N output optical path structures and is used for decoding and integrating the multi-channel binary signals output by the comparators in each output optical path structure so as to output multi-bit binary signals.
Specifically, one or more input ports of the multimode interference coupler are connected to a phase shift modulation structure, the phase shift modulation structure is configured to sample an analog signal to load amplitude information of the analog signal to phase information of an optical signal, the input port connected to the phase shift modulation structure is configured to receive a sampled optical signal output by the phase shift modulation structure, and an input port not connected to the phase shift modulation structure is configured to receive a reference optical signal that is not sampled; under the condition that a plurality of input ports are connected with the phase shift modulation structure, sampling optical signals at different moments are input into the multimode interference coupler through different input ports. It can be seen that in the optical quantizer provided by the present invention, only two input ports can be used for signal input, and the remaining input ports can have no signal input. The input optical signal of the multimode interference coupler can be a single-wavelength signal or a multi-wavelength signal.
Specifically, the preset threshold voltage is an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of the voltage signal output by the amplifier. When the amplitude of the voltage signal output by the amplifier is greater than or equal to a preset threshold voltage value, the comparator can output a high-level signal, and the corresponding binary data is 1; when the amplitude of the voltage signal output by the amplifier is smaller than the preset threshold voltage value, the comparator can output a low-level signal, and the corresponding binary data is 0.
Specifically, when the phase of the sampled optical signal changes, the output optical signal power of each output port of the multimode interference coupler changes differently, and further the amplitude of the electrical signal received and converted by the photodetector also changes and the output electrical signals corresponding to different output ports change differently, so that the output binary signals of the comparators corresponding to each output port generate different permutation and combination along with the phase change of the sampled optical signal, and then the binary data output by the comparators are processed by the subsequent decoder to form the final multi-bit digital signal, and along with the change of the quantization state number or the bit number, the number N of the output ports of the multimode interference coupler also changes.
Specifically, the number of the multi-mode interference couplers is one or more, and the multi-mode interference couplers are TE mode multi-mode interference couplers, TM mode multi-mode interference couplers, or TE and TM mixed mode multi-mode interference couplers. The multi-mode interference coupler may be an on-chip integrated optical waveguide structure, which is a strip waveguide structure, or a ridge waveguide structure. The number of input ports M of the multimode interference coupler may be equal to the number of output ports N to form a symmetrical structure.
In particular, the photodetector includes a junction photodetector.
Specifically, the output power of the output port of the multimode interference coupler can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
E30j＝E100_30j+E101_30j (3)
P30jj is 0, 1, 2, 3, …, N is the output power of the j-th output port of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is the number of the output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is a positive integer larger than 1, B is the optical electric field normalization coefficient of the output ports, C is a constant, E is a constant30jIs the optical field of the optical signal of the jth output port, E100_30jIs an optical electric field when an optical signal at the input port 100 is transmitted to the jth output port, E101_30jWhich is the optical electric field when the optical signal of the input port 101 is transmitted to the jth output port,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at the input port 100,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at input port 101,
indicating the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 100 to the jth output port,
which represents the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 101 to the jth output port, omega is the angular frequency of the optical signal and i is the imaginary unit.
It can be seen that the present invention can only need one phase shift modulation structure to load the analog signal onto the optical signal, and through the optical beam splitting characteristic of the multimode interference coupler, the modulated sampling optical signal and the unmodulated reference optical signal interfere in the multimode interference coupler and are output at the output port, at each output port of the multimode interference coupler, the power of the output optical signal changes in the form of cosine function along with the phase change of the modulated optical signal, and the power curves of different output ports have a specific phase difference, thus causing the translation effect between spectra, and in cooperation with the structures such as the photodetector, the amplifier and the comparator, the phase shift type all-optical quantizer based on phase modulation sampling can be realized, thereby avoiding the situation that the optical quantization structure based on the mach-zehnder interferometer needs to use a plurality of mach-zehnder interferometers, the active modulation structure in the optical sampling part is simplified, the problem that the length of the modulation arm waveguide among a plurality of Mach-Zehnder interferometers needs to meet the geometric progression of a 2-time ratio is solved, and the difficulty in processing devices is reduced.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of a specific optical quantizer is shown, the optical quantizer includes: a 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler 2, photodetectors 400, 401, and 402, amplifiers 500, 501, and 502, comparators 600, 601, and 602, and a decoder 700, wherein 100, 101, and 102 are input ports of the multimode interference coupler, and 300, 301, and 302 are output ports of the multimode interference coupler. Referring to fig. 2, a three-dimensional structure of a 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler based on a silicon-on-insulator material is shown.
One input port 100 of the multimode interference coupler 2 is used for receiving a sampled optical signal, the sampling principle is phase modulation of the optical signal, and the other input port 101 is used for receiving an optical signal which is not sampled and is used as reference light. The multimode interference coupler 2 can equally split the power of the optical signal input from the input port 100 or the input port 101 to each output port, and then, at each output port, the optical signals from the input port 100 and the input port 101 are coherently superimposed, the superimposed optical signals are output from the output ports 300, 301, and 302, and each output optical signal is transmitted to the photodetectors 400, 401, and 402 and converted into a current signal. The current signals output from the photodetectors are then converted into voltage signals by amplifiers 500, 501, and 502 and input to subsequent comparators 600, 601, and 602.
When the phase of the optical signal input through the input port 100 changes, the output optical signal power of the multimode interference coupler 2 changes, and the output optical power changes differently for different output ports of the multimode interference coupler 2, further, the output signal of the comparator corresponding to each output port of the multimode interference coupler 2 changes with the phase change of the optical signal of the input port 100 of the multimode interference coupler 2 and generates different permutation and combination conditions, and the different permutation and combination conditions can represent different light quantization states, and then the signals output by the comparator are summarized by the decoding circuit of the subsequent decoder 700 to form the final multi-bit digital signal.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of the optical sampling structure added to fig. 1 is shown, and the optical sampling structure may include: the optical fiber laser comprises a laser 800, a 1X 2 optical beam splitter 801, an analog signal source 900 and a phase shift modulation structure 901. Specifically, an optical signal generated by the laser 800 is split into two optical signals by a 1 × 2 optical splitter 801, then, one of the output signals of the 1 × 2 optical splitter 801 directly enters the input port 101 of the multimode interference coupler, the other signal enters the input port 100 of the multimode interference coupler 2 after passing through a phase shift modulation structure 901, a signal generated by the analog signal source 900 is applied to the phase shift modulation structure 901, and the analog signals with different amplitudes cause the optical signal passing through the modulation structure 901 to generate different phase changes.
The optical-electrical field expressions of the optical signals input from the input ports 100 and 101 of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler are:
wherein E is100An optical electric field representing an optical signal input from the input port 100, E101Which represents the optical field of the optical signal input from the input port 101, a real number a represents the optical field normalization coefficient of the input port,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at the input port 100,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at input port 101,
and
will vary with the phase change produced by the phase shift modulation structure 901, i represents the imaginary unit and ω represents the angular frequency of the optical signal.
When the optical signal is transmitted to the output port 300 of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler, the corresponding optical electric field expressions are:
wherein E is100_300An optical electric field representing an optical signal transmitted from the input port 100 to the output port 300, E101_300Representing the optical field of an optical signal transmitted from the input port 101 to the output port 300, B is the optical field normalization coefficient of the output port,
indicating a phase change of an optical signal when transmitted from the input port 100 to the output port 300,
indicating the phase change of an optical signal as it travels from the input port 101 to the output port 300.
E100_300And E101_300Interference superposition will occur between the two, and the optical electric field expression of the optical signal output by the output port 300 after interference superposition is:
the corresponding output power is:
wherein, P300C is a constant, which is the output power of the output port 300 of the multimode interference coupler.
Similarly, the output power of the output port 301 and the output port 302 of the multi-mode interference coupler is:
due to the phase of the optical signal from the input port 100
Will change with the amplitude change of the analog modulation signal, the power of the optical signal after the interference superposition of each output port of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler will change with the amplitude change of the analog modulation signal, the changing relation between the optical power of each output port of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler and the phase shift generated by the phase modulation structure 901 satisfies the cosine function curve, further, according to the phase splitting law of the non-overlapping self-imaging 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler, the phase difference of the optical signals from the input port 100 and the input port 101 of the coupler when reaching different output ports satisfies the difference value of
The arithmetic series of (1) is:
by substituting the above equations (14) to (16) into the equations (11) to (13), it is possible to obtain:
thus, the output power P of the multi-mode interference coupler at different output ports300、P301And P302Modulating the phase produced by structure 901 with phase shift
The relationship between (a) and (b) yields a relative shift, and for the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler shown in fig. 2, the normalized output optical power of the 3 output ports is a function of
The variation of (a) is shown in fig. 4. Three output optical power curves are all cosine function shapes, the minimum value of normalized optical power of each curve is 0, the maximum value is 0.667, assuming that responsivities of all photodetectors are the same, amplification coefficients of all amplifiers are the same, after output optical signals of three output ports of the 3 × 3 multimode interference coupler are converted into voltage signals, a relation between 3 voltage signals and phase shifts generated by the phase modulation structure 901 can be equivalent to a cosine function curve of optical power in fig. 4, therefore, each voltage signal entering the comparator has a maximum value and a minimum value, as a preferred scheme, a threshold voltage of the comparator can be set as an average value of the maximum value and the minimum value of an input voltage signal, when the input voltage signal is greater than a preset threshold voltage, the comparator outputs 1, when the input voltage signal is less than the preset threshold voltage, the comparator outputs 0.
According to the above scheme, when the phase shift generated by the phase shift modulation structure 901 is in the range of 0 degree to 360 degrees, there are 6 different cases in the binary data output by the 3-way comparator, that is, the number of quantization states is 6, and the specific result is as shown in fig. 5, three curves V1, V2 and V3 represent the relationship between the voltages at the input ends of the 3 comparators along with the phase shift generated by the phase shift modulation structure 901, ABC represents the binary data output by the 3-way comparator, where a represents the output signal of the comparator 600, B represents the output signal of the comparator 601, and C represents the output signal of the comparator 602, and when the phase shift generated by the phase shift modulation structure 901 is changed from 0 degree to 360 degrees, the binary data ABC sequentially appear as follows 6 cases: 101, 100, 110, 010, 011 and 001, wherein the 6 binary codes respectively represent different quantization results, and further, the output signal of the 3-way comparator is output to the decoder, i.e. the decoder can generate binary data representing 6 cases from 0 to 5.
In addition, if the quantization state number of the optical quantizer needs to be increased, the number of output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler in the optical quantizer can be increased, for example, when a 5 × 5 multi-mode interference coupler is used, the relationship curve between the voltage signal corresponding to different output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler and the optical phase shift generated in the sampling structure is shown in fig. 6, which can generate 10 different quantized binary data, i.e., 11010, 11000, 11100, 10100, 10101, 00101, 00111, 00011, 01011 and 01010.
In addition, when the number of input ports of the multi-mode interference coupler is greater than 2, in order to further expand the data processing rate and throughput of the optical quantizer, more than one input port may be used to input the sampled optical signals, as shown in fig. 7, for the optical quantizer based on the 3 × 3 multi-mode interference coupler, the input ports 100 and 101 may be used to input the sampled optical signals, the input port 102 may be used to input the reference optical signal that is not sampled, the sampled optical signals entering the input port 100 and the input port 101 may be optical pulse signals that are interleaved in the time domain, 802 is a 1 × 3 optical beam splitter, the 1 × 3 optical beam splitter may be an optical power beam splitter, or may be an optical wavelength beam splitter, which may simultaneously input one optical signal sequence from the optical source 800 to the input ports 100 and 102 of the multi-mode interference coupler at time t1, and simultaneously input another optical signal sequence from the optical source 800 to the input port 101 and the input port 101 of the multi-mode interference coupler at time t2 102, the analog signal from the analog signal source 900 is simultaneously applied to the phase modulation structures 901 and 902 to perform phase modulation sampling on the optical signals before entering the input ports 100 and 101 of the multimode interference coupler, so compared with the structure that only one input port of the multimode interference coupler is used to input the sampled optical signals, the extension scheme can further improve the port utilization rate of the multimode interference coupler and improve the overall data processing rate and throughput of the quantizer.
The above embodiments in the present specification are all described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment is described with emphasis on being different from other embodiments.
The above description is only a few embodiments of the present invention, and although the embodiments of the present invention are described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the technical scheme of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical quantizer based on a multimode interference coupler, comprising:
the multi-mode interference coupler is provided with M input ports and N output ports, wherein M and N are positive integers larger than 1, and the multi-mode interference coupler is used for equally splitting the power of an optical signal input by any one of the M input ports to each of the N output ports;
n output optical path structures, wherein each output optical path structure includes:
the photoelectric detector is used for converting the optical signal output by the output port into a current signal;
the amplifier is used for amplifying the current signal output by the photoelectric detector into a voltage signal;
the comparator is used for comparing the voltage signal output by the amplifier with a preset threshold voltage so as to output a corresponding binary signal; and
and the decoder is connected with the N output optical path structures and is used for decoding and integrating the multi-channel binary signals output by the comparators in each output optical path structure so as to output multi-bit binary signals.
2. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein one or more input ports of the multi-mode interference coupler are connected to a phase-shift modulation structure, the phase-shift modulation structure is configured to sample an analog signal to load amplitude information of the analog signal into phase information of an optical signal, the input port connected to the phase-shift modulation structure is configured to receive a sampled optical signal output by the phase-shift modulation structure, and the input port not connected to the phase-shift modulation structure is configured to receive an un-sampled reference optical signal;
under the condition that a plurality of input ports are connected with the phase shift modulation structure, sampling optical signals at different moments are input into the multimode interference coupler through different input ports.
3. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold voltage is an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of the output voltage of the amplifier.
4. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the number N of output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler is determined according to the number of quantization states or bits.
5. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-mode interference coupler is a TE mode multi-mode interference coupler, or a TM mode multi-mode interference coupler, or a TE, TM mixed mode multi-mode interference coupler.
6. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the multi-mode interference coupler is an on-chip integrated optical waveguide structure, and the waveguide structure is a strip waveguide structure or a ridge waveguide structure.
7. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the number of said multi-mode interference couplers is one or more, and the number of input ports M of said multi-mode interference couplers is equal to the number of output ports N.
8. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the photodetector comprises a junction photodetector.
9. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the output power at the output port of the multi-mode interference coupler is calculated by the following equation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
E30j＝E100_30j+E101_30j
P30jj is 0, 1, 2, 3, which is the output power of the jth output port of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is the number of the output ports of the multi-mode interference coupler, N is a positive integer greater than 1, B is the optical electric field normalization coefficient of the output ports, C is a constant, E is the output power of the jth output port of the multi-mode interference coupler, and30jis the light of the jth output portPhotoelectric field of signals, E100_30jIs an optical electric field when an optical signal at the input port 100 is transmitted to the jth output port, E101_30jWhich is the optical electric field when the optical signal of the input port 101 is transmitted to the jth output port,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at the input port 100,
indicating the phase of the optical signal arriving at input port 101,
indicating the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 100 to the jth output port,
which represents the phase change of the optical signal as it travels from the input port 101 to the jth output port, omega is the angular frequency of the optical signal and i is the imaginary unit.
10. The optical quantizer according to claim 1, wherein the input optical signal of the multi-mode interference coupler is a single wavelength signal or a multi-wavelength signal.
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| CN113900177A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-07 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Optical beam combiner and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113900177A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-07 | 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 | Optical beam combiner and preparation method thereof |
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