CN112603255A - Optical coherent imaging system and imaging method capable of eliminating inherent noise - Google Patents
Optical coherent imaging system and imaging method capable of eliminating inherent noise Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides an optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating inherent noise, which comprises a light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), an A scanning trigger unit (3), an interferometer (4), a first collimating lens (5), a reflector (6), a second collimating lens (7), a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), a focusing lens (9), an optical fiber polarizing unit (10), a detection unit (11), a data analysis display unit (12) and a control unit (13), wherein the optical fiber coupler (2), the A scanning trigger unit (3), the interferometer (4), the first collimating lens (5), the reflector (6), the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), the focusing lens (9), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the detection unit (11), the data analysis display unit (12) and the control unit (13) are sequentially arranged along the propagation direction of light beams emitted by the light source, the inherent noise can be eliminated by arranging the A scanning trigger unit to replace an A, the signal intensity and the signal-to-noise ratio are greatly improved, and the imaging accuracy and the operation safety are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to an optical coherent imaging system and an imaging method capable of eliminating inherent noise.
Background
The optical coherence tomography has the characteristics of non-contact, no radiation, high detection sensitivity and no damage, and becomes a standard technology for measuring the human eye structure in the ophthalmic surgery. The femtosecond laser assisted ophthalmic surgery is an ophthalmic surgery which is realized by utilizing femtosecond laser pulses, high-precision detection of an optical coherence tomography technology and precise calculation of a computer to plan a track and automatically and intelligently realizing a plurality of key steps of the traditional ophthalmic surgery. The position and the contour of eye tissues need to be accurately scanned before, during and after the operation, and the image is displayed to a doctor.
In the current technical scheme, natural light is used for measurement, and imaging errors are easily introduced due to the influence of stray light in the environment, which is contrary to the purpose of high-precision measurement. When the optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating the inherent noise detects, crosstalk easily occurs, the interference of stray light in the natural environment is easily caused, the signal intensity and the signal to noise ratio are greatly reduced, and the imaging accuracy and the operation safety are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need to provide an optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating intrinsic noise, which can improve signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, improve imaging accuracy and surgical safety.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a can eliminate optical coherence imaging system of inherent noise, includes light source (1), along the optical fiber coupler (2) that sets gradually that the light beam propagation direction of light source (1) outgoing set up, A scans trigger unit (3), interferometer (4), first collimating lens (5), speculum (6), second collimating lens (7), two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), focusing lens (9), optic fibre polarization unit (10), detecting element (11), data analysis display element (12) and control unit (13), A scans trigger unit (3) including the optic fibre circulator (31), optic fibre bragg grating (32), photoelectric detector (33) that connect gradually, wherein:
a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2), the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates an A-scan trigger signal with a stable phase through the fiber Bragg grating (32), the photoelectric detector (33) detects the A-scan trigger signal with the stable phase and transmits the A-scan trigger signal to the optical fiber circulator (31), and the optical fiber circulator (31) transmits the A scanning trigger signal with the stable phase back to the photoelectric detector (33);
the second light beam enters the interferometer (4), the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer (4) by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information.
In some of these embodiments, the fiber polarizer unit (10) is a dichroic polarizer.
In some of these embodiments, the detection unit (11) is one of a detector array, a detection chip, and a high-speed camera.
In some of these embodiments, the imaging system has an imaging time of 0.01-0.1 seconds.
In some of these embodiments, the imaging system has a frame rate of 50-100 frames/second.
In some of these embodiments, the imaging depth of the imaging system is 8 mm.
In some of these embodiments, the imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μm.
In addition, the present application also provides an imaging method of the optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating the intrinsic noise, which includes:
a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2);
the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates a stable-phase A-scan trigger signal through the fiber Bragg grating (32), the photodetector (33) detects the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal and transmits the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal to the fiber circulator (31), and the fiber circulator (31) transmits the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal back to the photodetector (33);
the second beam enters the interferometer (4); the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer (4) by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information.
The technical scheme adopted by the application has the following effects:
compared with the prior art, the optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating the inherent noise comprises a light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), an A scanning trigger unit (3), an interferometer (4), a first collimating lens (5), a reflector (6), a second collimating lens (7), a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), a focusing lens (9), an optical fiber polarizing unit (10), a detection unit (11), a data analysis display unit (12) and a control unit (13), wherein the optical fiber coupler (2), the A scanning trigger unit (3), the interferometer (4), the first collimating lens (5), the reflector (6), the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), the focusing lens (9), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the detection unit (11), the data analysis display unit (12) and the control unit (13) are sequentially arranged in the light beam transmission direction of the light source, the A scanning trigger unit is arranged to replace an A scanning, the interference of stray light in the natural environment is not easy to happen, the signal intensity and the signal to noise ratio are greatly improved, and the imaging accuracy and the operation safety are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating intrinsic noise according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: the device comprises a light source 1, a light beam coupler 2, an A scanning trigger 3, an optical fiber circulator 31, an optical fiber Bragg grating 32, a photoelectric detector 33, an interferometer 4, a first collimating lens 5, a reflector 6, a second collimating lens 7, a two-dimensional scanning unit 8, a focusing lens 9, an optical fiber polarizing unit 10, a detection unit 11, a data analysis display 12, a control unit 13, an optical fiber transmission line 14 and an electric signal conduction path 15.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an optical coherence imaging system capable of eliminating intrinsic noise according to embodiment 1 of the present application includes: the device comprises a light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), an A scanning trigger unit (3), an interferometer (4), a first collimating lens (5), a reflector (6), a second collimating lens (7), a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), a focusing lens (9), an optical fiber polarizing unit (10), a detection unit (11), a data analysis display unit (12) and a control unit (13), wherein the optical fiber coupler (2), the A scanning trigger unit, the interferometer, the first collimating lens (5), the reflector (6), the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) are sequentially arranged along the light.
In some of these embodiments, the fiber polarizer unit (10) is a dichroic polarizer.
It is understood that the polarizing plate is used to obtain polarized light from natural light, and the vibration direction of the polarized light coincides with the polarization direction of the polarizing plate. The polarized light imaging is not easily influenced by stray light in the environment, errors are not easily introduced, the measured signal intensity and the signal to noise ratio are greatly improved, and the accuracy of an imaging system is improved.
In some of these embodiments, the detection unit (11) is one of a detector array, a detection chip, and a high-speed camera. The A scanning trigger unit (3) comprises an optical fiber circulator (31), an optical fiber Bragg grating (32) and a photoelectric detector (33) which are connected in sequence. The fiber Bragg grating (32) is used for generating a phase-stable A-scan trigger signal, the photoelectric detector (33) is used for detecting the phase-stable A-scan trigger signal generated by the fiber Bragg grating (32) and transmitting the phase-stable A-scan trigger signal to the fiber circulator (31), and the fiber circulator (31) is used for transmitting the phase-stable A-scan trigger signal back to the photoelectric detector (33) to bypass the fiber coupler (2).
It can be understood that the fiber Bragg grating (32) generates an A-scan trigger signal with a stable phase to replace the A-scan trigger signal in the signal source, the photoelectric detector (33) detects the trigger signal with the stable phase and transmits the trigger signal to the fiber circulator (31) to bypass the fiber coupler (2), the whole loop eliminates noise of a fixed mode in the signal source, and the signal strength and the signal to noise ratio are improved.
The application provides an optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating inherent noise, which works as follows:
a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2) through an optical fiber transmission line 14, the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates a stable-phase A-scan trigger signal through the optical fiber Bragg grating (32), the photoelectric detector (33) detects the trigger signal of the stable-phase A-scan and transmits the trigger signal to the optical fiber circulator (31), and the optical fiber circulator (31) transmits the stable-phase A scanning trigger signal back to the photoelectric detector (33);
the second light beam enters the interferometer (4), the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information.
It can be understood that the optical fiber polarization unit (10) is connected to the interferometer (4) and the detection unit (11) through the electric signal conduction path (15) to construct a polarized light imaging structure for changing the coherent light into polarized light, and the image beam and the reference beam are detected in the detection unit (11) due to the use of the optical fiber polarization unit (10), so as to avoid the influence of background noise in the sample arm and the reference arm caused by the influence of factors such as ambient temperature, humidity and vibration.
It can be understood that the problem that the human eye structure imaging with depth and high resolution cannot be considered in the prior art is solved through the coordination work of the two coherent optical imaging systems, the preoperative high-precision detection and the intraoperative whole-eye real-time imaging can be realized, and the accuracy and the safety of the operation are improved.
Further, the imaging time of the imaging system is 0.01-0.1 second.
It will be appreciated that the present application employs a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) which, because of its fast deflection speed, is fast in imaging speed and short in imaging time, means that an image can be generated which provides timely and thus useful feedback to the surgeon regarding the progress of the ophthalmic surgery so that the surgeon can modify the surgical procedure in response to the feedback and can view it in real time during the imaging of the structures of the human eye. During the femtosecond laser-assisted ophthalmic surgery, a doctor can observe the surgical process of a patient in real time, simultaneously two optical coherence tomography measurement systems coordinate to image the human eye structure in real time, and the imaging of a three-dimensional model of the human eye structure and the observation of the surgical implementation process can be completed simultaneously.
Further, the frame rate of the imaging system is 50-100 frames/second.
It will be appreciated that a typical refresh rate used for live video images is about 24 frames/second. Thus, an imaging system providing images at a refresh rate or frame rate of 50-100 frames/second may provide high resolution live images to a physician. While systems with frame rates or refresh rates much less than 20 to 25 frames/second may not be considered live video imaging, but rather as unstable, jumpy images, possibly even distracting the physician from the ophthalmic surgery.
Further, the imaging depth of the imaging system is 8 mm. The imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μm.
The application provides a can eliminate optical coherent imaging system of inherent noise, through setting up A scanning trigger unit and replacing the A scanning trigger signal in the signal source and in order to eliminate the inherent noise, construct the polarized light imaging structure through setting up optic fibre polarizing element, be difficult to take place to crosstalk during the detection, be difficult for receiving the interference of the stray light among the natural environment, improved signal strength and SNR greatly, improve the accuracy of formation of image and the security of operation.
Example 2
The application also provides an imaging method of the optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating the inherent noise, which comprises the following steps:
step S110: a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2);
step S120: the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates an A-scan trigger signal with stable phase through the fiber Bragg grating (32), the photoelectric detector (33) detects the trigger signal with stable phase A-scan and transmits the trigger signal to the fiber circulator (31), and the fiber circulator (31) transmits the A scanning trigger signal with stable phase back to the photoelectric detector (33);
step S130: the second beam enters the interferometer (4); the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
step S140: the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
step S150: the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer (4) by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
step S160: the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information. The detailed technical solutions of the above steps are described in detail in embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
The application provides an optical coherence imaging method, through setting up A scanning trigger unit and replacing the A scanning trigger signal in the signal source in order to eliminate the noise inherently, through setting up optic fibre polarizing unit and constructing polarized light imaging structure, be difficult to take place to crosstalk during the detection, be difficult for receiving the interference of the stray light among the natural environment, improved signal strength and SNR greatly, improve the accuracy of formation of image and the security of operation.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An optical coherence imaging system capable of removing intrinsic noise, comprising: light source (1), along optical fiber coupler (2), A that set gradually that the light beam propagation direction of light source (1) outgoing set up scans trigger unit (3), interferometer (4), first collimating lens (5), speculum (6), second collimating lens (7), two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8), focusing lens (9), optic fibre polarization unit (10), detecting element (11), data analysis display element (12) and the control unit (13), A scans trigger unit (3) including the optic fibre circulator (31), optic fibre bragg grating (32), photoelectric detector (33) that connect gradually, wherein:
a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2), the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates a stable-phase A-scan trigger signal through the fiber Bragg grating (32), the photoelectric detector (33) detects the trigger signal of the stable-phase A-scan and transmits the trigger signal to the optical fiber circulator (31), and the optical fiber circulator (31) transmits the stable-phase A scanning trigger signal back to the photoelectric detector (33);
the second light beam enters the interferometer (4), the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer (4) by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information.
2. The inherently noise canceling optical coherent imaging system of claim 1, wherein the fiber polarizer unit (10) is a dichroic polarizer.
3. The intrinsically noise immune optical coherence imaging system of claim 1, wherein the detection unit (11) is one of a detector array, a detection chip and a high speed camera.
4. The inherently noise canceling optical coherence imaging system according to claim 1, wherein an imaging time of said imaging system is 0.01-0.1 seconds.
5. The inherently noise canceling optical coherent imaging system according to claim 1, wherein a frame rate of the imaging system is 50-100 frames/sec.
6. The inherently noise canceling optical coherent imaging system of claim 1, wherein the imaging system has an imaging depth of 8 mm.
7. The inherently noise canceling optical coherent imaging system of claim 1, wherein an imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μ ι η.
8. An imaging method of the optical coherent imaging system capable of eliminating the intrinsic noise according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
a scanning wavelength beam emitted by the light source (1) is divided into a first light beam and a second light beam through the optical fiber coupler (2);
the first light beam enters the A scanning trigger unit (3), the first light beam entering the A scanning trigger unit (3) generates a stable-phase A-scan trigger signal through the fiber Bragg grating (32), the photodetector (33) detects the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal and transmits the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal to the fiber circulator (31), and the fiber circulator (31) transmits the stable-phase A-scan trigger signal back to the photodetector (33);
the second beam enters the interferometer (4); the interferometer (4) splits the second light beam into an image beam and a reference beam;
the reference beam is transmitted to the reflecting mirror (6) through the first collimating lens (5), reflected by the reflecting mirror (6), sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (5) and then enters the interferometer (4);
the image beam sequentially passes through the second collimating lens (7), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the focusing lens (9) and then is focused at an eye, and the image beam is sequentially returned to the interferometer (4) by the focusing lens (9), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (8) and the second collimating lens (7) from the eye;
the reference beam and the image beam at the interferometer (4) are coherent to generate coherent light, the coherent light is transmitted to the optical fiber polarizing unit (10), the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) changes the coherent light into polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the detection unit (11), and the detection unit (11) detects the polarized light and transmits the polarized light to the data analysis display unit (12) to generate and display image information.
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