CN112601091A - Motion estimation method in frame rate conversion and display equipment - Google Patents
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- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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Abstract
The application provides a motion estimation method in frame rate conversion and a display device, wherein the method is applied to the display device and comprises the following steps: if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame; if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block; and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block. The motion estimation method and the display device in frame rate conversion provided by the application can reduce the complexity of a search algorithm, improve the speed of a motion estimation process, enable the playing effect of the display device to be smoother and bring better visual effect for users.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of image processing, and in particular, to a motion estimation method and a display device in frame rate conversion.
Background
Motion Estimation and Motion Compensation (MEMC) technology is a frame rate conversion technology widely used at present, and performs interpolation by predicting Motion trajectories of objects in images and using data of original images and estimated Motion vectors to obtain interpolated images, so that the image quality of moving images is remarkably improved, and jittering and tailing phenomena are reduced.
Motion estimation is an important part of frame rate conversion technology, and the accuracy of motion trajectory prediction of an object directly determines the quality of a final interpolation image. The motion estimation algorithm based on image block matching is the most common algorithm in the current frame rate conversion algorithm, and the motion estimation algorithm based on image block matching is to compare matching errors of candidate vector sequences and screen a candidate vector with the minimum matching error as a final motion estimation result.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a motion estimation method and display equipment in frame rate conversion, which can reduce the process of matching partial image blocks, reduce the calculated amount of motion estimation, improve the speed of motion estimation, and further improve the video display quality, thereby improving the user experience.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for motion estimation in frame rate conversion, including:
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
In a possible implementation manner, a first flag is set for storing a candidate vector corresponding to a minimum matching error, and an initial value of the first flag is a first candidate vector matching the current image block.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion, configured to:
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, which includes the motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion according to the second aspect.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, including:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling the program instructions stored in the memory and executing any one of the methods of the first aspect according to the obtained program.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any one of the methods described in the first aspect.
According to the motion estimation method and the display device in frame rate conversion, in motion estimation based on image block matching, the relation between a candidate vector matching error and a first threshold is judged by setting the first threshold for an image block, and then whether a candidate vector can be used as a motion estimation result of a current image block is judged.
Specifically, if the matching error of the candidate vector is not greater than the first threshold, the motion estimation of the current image block is terminated, and the candidate vector is determined as the motion estimation result of the current image block, so that the calculation amount in the motion estimation of the whole video frame can be reduced, the whole motion estimation speed is improved, the video display quality is improved, and the watching experience of a user is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for motion estimation in frame rate conversion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
The method flow diagrams of the embodiments of the invention described below are merely exemplary and do not necessarily include all of the contents and steps, nor do they necessarily have to be performed in the order described. For example, some steps may be broken down and some steps may be combined or partially combined, so that the order of actual execution may be changed according to actual situations.
In the prior art, when a candidate vector with the minimum matching error is screened for any image block, the matching error of each candidate vector in a candidate vector sequence needs to be calculated in sequence, and if there are BW × BH image blocks of a single frame image and the candidate vector sequence consists of K candidate vectors, the number of times that the matching error needs to be calculated for the single frame image is BW × BH × K times, which shows that in the prior art, a large amount of calculation is needed in the motion estimation process.
However, compared with an image block which is deformed or moves rapidly, an image block which moves slowly has the characteristics of high matching degree and faster convergence, and therefore, a motion estimation result can be obtained by using a small number of candidate vectors actually.
Based on this, the application provides a motion estimation method in frame rate conversion and a display device, where the method is applied to the display device, and the method first sets a corresponding first threshold for each image block, and when an image block is matched with a candidate vector, if a matching error of a current candidate vector is not greater than the first threshold, terminates motion estimation of the current image block, and uses the candidate vector as a motion estimation result of the image block. The motion estimation method provided by the application can reduce the calculated amount to a certain degree in the motion estimation process on the premise of ensuring the search accuracy, improve the search speed of the whole video frame in motion estimation, and simultaneously reduce the consumption of memory.
The embodiment of the application provides a motion estimation method in frame rate conversion, which comprises the following steps:
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
The candidate vectors include a zero vector, a random vector, and motion vectors of neighboring blocks, and the meaning of different kinds of vectors is the same as that in the prior art, which is not described herein again.
The image blocks in the video frame are non-overlapping image blocks, which may be referred to in the prior art and are not described herein again.
The first threshold is used for judging whether the candidate vector can be used as a motion estimation result of the image block, namely when the matching error of the current candidate vector is not larger than the first threshold, the current candidate vector is considered to be used as the motion estimation result of the image block. The first threshold may be a fixed value or a dynamically adjusted value, which is not limited herein
The first thresholds of different image blocks in a video frame may be the same or different, and are not limited herein.
The matching error may be calculated by referring to the prior art, and may be, for example, a sum of absolute differences SAD or an average absolute difference MAD.
Specifically, the calculation formula of sad (sum of Absolute difference) is as follows:
in the formula, Cost is a matching error and is used for evaluating the difference between the image block corresponding to the candidate vector and the first image block, the smaller the value of Cost is, the better the difference is, and the smaller the value of Cost is, the smaller the difference between the image block corresponding to the candidate vector and the first image block is; smnRepresenting pixel attribute information, T, in the first image block at the m-th row and n-th columnmnAnd representing the pixel attribute information of the mth row and nth column in the image block corresponding to the candidate vector, wherein W represents the total number of transverse pixels of the first image block, and H represents the total number of longitudinal pixels of the first image block.
Specifically, the calculation formula of the mad (mean Absolute difference) is as follows:
in the formula, the meaning of each parameter is the same as that of the SAD formula, and is not described again.
The pixel attribute information may be understood as a color component of a pixel, and common color coding modes include an RGB format, a YUV format, a YCbCr format, and the like.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a motion estimation method in frame rate conversion according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
To more clearly describe the motion estimation method in frame rate conversion provided by the present application, the following description is made with reference to fig. 1, and as shown in fig. 1, the motion estimation method provided by the present application includes steps S101 to S111:
s101: determining a candidate vector sequence mvi(i ═ 0,1, … …, N-1) and a first threshold value.
Wherein, N represents the total number of candidate vectors in the candidate vector sequence, and the first threshold is used for judging whether the current candidate vector can be used as the motion estimation result of the image block.
S102: setting an initial value of a first flag BV to mv0Calculating a candidate vector mv0Matching error with the image block.
The first marker BV is used for storing a candidate vector corresponding to the minimum matching error, and the initial value is the first candidate vector matched with the image block.
S103: judging candidate vector mv0If not, step S109 is executed, and if not, step S104 is executed.
S104: let i equal to 1, and then execute step S105.
S105: computing candidate vector mviAnd step S106 is executed again.
S106: judging candidate vector mviIf not, step S111 is executed, and if not, step S107 is executed.
S107: and re-determining the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV, and then executing the step S108.
Specifically, the matching error of the current candidate vector and the matching error of the first marker BV are judged, if the matching error of the current candidate vector is smaller than the matching error of the first marker BV, the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is updated to be the current candidate vector, and if the matching error of the current candidate vector is not smaller than the matching error of the first marker BV, the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is kept unchanged, so that the candidate vector with the minimum matching error in the matched candidate vectors is guaranteed to be stored in the first marker BV.
S108: and judging whether i is equal to N-1, if so, executing the step S109, and if not, executing the step S110.
The method mainly comprises the steps of judging whether residual candidate vectors need to be matched or not, and if i is equal to N-1, indicating that the currently judged candidate vector is the last candidate vector in a candidate vector sequence; if i is not equal to N-1, the candidate vector sequence is judged to exist.
S109: the first marker BV is used as a motion estimation result of the current image block.
S110: let i be i +1, and then execute step S105.
S111: let BV equal to mviThen, step S109 is executed.
In practical applications, the number of the random vector and the motion vectors of the adjacent blocks may be set according to actual requirements, and the sequence of the zero vector, the random vector and the motion vectors of the adjacent blocks in the candidate vector sequence may be set arbitrarily, which is not limited herein. Meanwhile, the first threshold may be set according to an actual situation or an empirical value, and the method is not particularly limited in this document, and may be configured to screen out an optimal motion vector as a motion estimation result.
The steps of the motion estimation method in frame rate conversion provided in the present application have been described with reference to fig. 1, and in order to further understand the method provided in the present application, the following description is made in detail with reference to three embodiments.
Example 1:
step S101: it is assumed that 10 candidate vectors (mv) are included in the sequence of determined candidate vectors0，mv1，……，mv9) And the first threshold is 100, the process continues to step S102.
Step S102: setting an initial value of a first flag BV to a first candidate vector mv0Calculating a candidate vector mv0And if the matching error with the current image block is 90, continuing to execute step S103.
Step S103: judging candidate vector mv0The relationship between the matching error and the first threshold value in (2) shows that, in the present embodiment, the candidate vector mv0Is not greater than a first threshold value, i.e. 90<100, step S109 is executed again.
Step S109: candidate vector mv0As a result of the motion estimation of the current image block.
So far, the matching of the current image block with the candidate vector in the candidate vector sequence has ended, i.e. the remaining candidate vectors { mv ] need not be matched any more1，……，mv9}。
Example 2:
step S101: it is assumed that 10 candidate vectors (mv) are included in the sequence of determined candidate vectors0，mv1，……，mv9) And the first threshold is 100, the process continues to step S102.
Step S102: setting an initial value of a first flag BV to a first candidate vector mv0Calculating a candidate vector mv0And if the matching error with the current image block is 110, continuing to execute step S103.
Step S103: judging candidate vector mv0The relationship between the matching error and the first threshold value in (2) shows that, in the present embodiment, the candidate vector mv0Is greater than a first threshold value, i.e. 110>100, and therefore step S104 is executed again, indicating that it is necessary to continue to find candidate vectors whose matching errors are not greater than the first threshold.
Step S104: let i equal to 1, i.e. it is the candidate vector mv that is judged again1。
Step S105: computing candidate vector mv1Of the matching error, hypothesis mv1Has a matching error with the current image block of 120.
Step S106: judging the current candidate vector mv1With respect to the matching error of (1), it can be seen that the candidate vector mv is the vector mv in the present embodiment1Is greater than a first threshold value, i.e. 120>100, and thus, step S107 is performed again.
Step S107: and re-determining the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV. The first marker BV always records the candidate vector with the smallest match error, up to which the program in this embodiment has been executed, two candidate vectors (mv) are already known0、mv1) Thus, the match errors of two candidate vectors need to be compared, the first marker BV holding the candidate vector corresponding to the smaller match error.
In this example, mv0Has a matching error of 110, mv1Has a matching error of 120, and can see mv as two candidate vectors0Is smaller because the initial value of the first marker BV is mv0Therefore, the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is kept unchanged, i.e. the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is still the candidate vector mv0。
Step S108: when the current value i is 1 and is smaller than 9, the process continues to step S110.
Step S110: let i equal i +1, i.e. for the candidate vector mv2And (6) judging.
Candidate vector mv2Is determined and the candidate vector mv1Similarly.
Hypothesis candidate vector mv2To mv6Until the candidate vector mv is judged7Then, the candidate vector mv is calculated7If the matching error with the current image block is 90 and not greater than the first threshold, step S111 is performed.
Step S111: let BV equal to mv7Candidate vector mv7As candidates for the correspondence of the first marker BVVector, and then step S109 is performed.
Step S109: candidate vector mv7As a result of the motion estimation of the current image block.
So far, the matching of the current image block with the candidate vector in the candidate vector sequence has ended, i.e. the remaining candidate vectors { mv ] need not be matched any more8，mv9}。
Example 3:
step S101: it is assumed that 10 candidate vectors (mv) are included in the sequence of determined candidate vectors0，mv1，……，mv9) And the first threshold is 100, and the program steps are executed in sequence, which can be specifically seen in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.
Assuming that the matching error of each candidate vector in the candidate vector sequence is greater than the first threshold, step S109 is performed, and the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is used as the motion estimation result of the current image block, where the matching error of the candidate vector corresponding to the first marker BV is the smallest among the candidate vectors.
In the prior art, for any image block, all candidate vectors need to be traversed, and then the candidate vector with the minimum matching error is used as a motion estimation result, while an image block which is translated and has a slower speed has the characteristics of high matching degree and fast convergence, when motion estimation is performed on such an image block, a small number of candidate vectors can search for a sufficiently good matching block, and the remaining candidate vector matching errors do not need to be calculated. The method provided by the embodiment of the application reduces the calculation amount in the motion estimation process on the whole on the premise of ensuring the motion estimation search accuracy, improves the search speed of the motion estimation, and can reduce the consumption of the memory to a certain extent.
Based on the same concept, embodiments of the present application further provide a motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion, the apparatus being configured to:
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
Based on the same concept, embodiments of the present application further provide a display device including the motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion according to the foregoing embodiments.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The display device is used for implementing the motion estimation method in frame rate conversion in the above method embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2, the display device 200 of the present embodiment may include a memory 201 and a processor 202. Wherein the memory 201 is used for storing a computer program, and the processor 202 is used for executing the computer program stored in the memory to implement the motion estimation method in the above-mentioned method embodiments. Reference may be made in particular to the description hereinbefore in connection with the method embodiments.
Alternatively, the memory 201 may be separate or integrated with the processor 202.
When the memory 201 is a device independent of the processor 202, the display apparatus 200 may further include:
a bus 203 for connecting the memory 201 and the processor 202.
Optionally, the embodiment of the present application may further include: a communication interface 204, the communication interface 204 may be connected with the processor 202 through the bus 203, and the processor 202 may control the communication interface 204 to implement the receiving and transmitting functions of the display device 200.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the user may operate the display apparatus 200 through the mobile terminal 300 and the control device 400.
The control device 400 may be a remote controller, which includes infrared protocol communication or bluetooth protocol communication, and other short-distance communication methods, and controls the display apparatus 200 in a wireless or other wired manner. The mobile terminal 300 may install a software application with the display device 200, implement connection communication through a network communication protocol, and achieve the purpose of one-to-one control operation and data communication.
As also shown in fig. 3, the display apparatus 200 also performs data communication with the server 500 through various communication means. The display device 200 may be allowed to be communicatively connected through a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and other networks. The server 500 may provide various contents and interactions to the display apparatus 200.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program, and the computer program is used to implement the motion estimation method in frame rate conversion in the above embodiments.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A motion estimation method in frame rate conversion is characterized in that,
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein a first flag is set for storing the candidate vector corresponding to the minimum matching error, and an initial value of the first flag is a first candidate vector matching the current image block.
3. A motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion, characterized by being configured to:
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is not larger than a first threshold, terminating the motion estimation of the current image block, and determining the current candidate vector as the motion estimation result of the current image block, wherein the current image block is any image block in a video frame;
if the matching error of the current candidate vector and the current image block is larger than a first threshold value, continuing to perform motion estimation on the current image block;
and if the matching errors of the candidate vectors of the current image block are all larger than a first threshold, determining the candidate vector with the minimum matching error as the motion estimation result of the current image block.
4. A display device comprising the motion estimation apparatus for frame rate conversion according to claim 3.
5. A display device, comprising:
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for calling program instructions stored in said memory to execute the method of any of claims 1-2 in accordance with the obtained program.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of claims 1-2.
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