CN112596242A - Color holographic near-to-eye display method and system based on spatial light modulator time division multiplexing - Google Patents
Color holographic near-to-eye display method and system based on spatial light modulator time division multiplexing Download PDFInfo
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- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
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- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
Abstract
The invention provides a color holographic near-to-eye display method and a system based on spatial light modulator time division multiplexing, comprising the following steps: the system comprises a control module (101), an RGB point light source module (102), a first spectroscope (103), a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) (104), a first lens group (105), a diaphragm (106), a second lens group (107) and a second spectroscope (108); the intensity information and the depth information of the color three-dimensional image are calculated into a common two-dimensional RGB hologram through a holographic algorithm and are loaded on a liquid crystal spatial light modulator; the invention utilizes the phase modulation capability of the spatial light modulator, can project RGB three-dimensional images with real depth of field information, and forms color images through the human eye visual persistence effect; the invention can effectively eliminate the visual fatigue of human eyes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of AR (augmented reality) display, in particular to a color holographic near-to-eye display method and system based on time division multiplexing of a spatial light modulator.
Background
At present, the near-eye AR display technology mainly adopts OLED (organic light emitting diode) screens, LCos screens and the like, the provided image source is a two-dimensional image, the three-dimensional image display effect is realized by a binocular parallax technology, and the binocular vergence adjustment and the visual refraction adjustment are not matched inevitably, so that visual fatigue is generated.
The holographic three-dimensional display technology is a true three-dimensional display technology, can completely record and reconstruct a light field of a three-dimensional object, and provides all information required by a human visual system.
Patent document CN201922043259.5 discloses an AR display device, which includes a waveguide lens and an antireflection film for reducing reflected light entering the waveguide lens through multiple foldback, the waveguide lens includes a waveguide, and a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region disposed on the same side surface of the waveguide, the antireflection film is attached to the surface of the waveguide far away from the coupling-in region and at least shields the coupling-in region, and image light enters the waveguide lens through the antireflection film and then is output to human eyes through total reflection. The patent also discloses an AR display system, which includes an image processing device, a projection device and the above AR display device, wherein the image processing device outputs image light to the projection device, and the image light is adjusted by the projection device, then enters the AR display device, and is totally reflected by the AR display device and output to human eyes. The anti-reflection film is tightly attached to the surface of one side, far away from the coupling-in area, of the waveguide, and at least shields the coupling-in area, so that the phenomenon that reflected light enters the waveguide lens through multiple turn-back is reduced, the visual problem caused by reflected light is avoided, and the viewing experience is greatly improved. There is still room for improvement in structural and technical performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a color holographic near-eye display method and system based on spatial light modulator time division multiplexing.
The invention provides a color holographic near-to-eye display method based on time division multiplexing of a spatial light modulator, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a control module 101, an RGB point light source module 102, a first spectroscope 103, a spatial light modulator SLM 104, a first lens group 105, a diaphragm 106, a second lens group 107 and a second spectroscope 108;
the method comprises the steps that a control module 101 is adopted to calculate color three-dimensional image information to be displayed into a two-dimensional RGB hologram through a holographic algorithm, the two-dimensional RGB hologram is output and loaded to a spatial light modulator 104 to be displayed, and an RGB point light source module 102 is synchronously controlled to emit light;
divergent light emitted by the RGB point light source module 102 is reflected by the first beam splitter 103, propagates upward, is collimated into parallel light by the first lens group 105, and is incident on the spatial light modulator 104; after being modulated by the spatial light modulator 104, the reflected and diffracted three-dimensional imaging light beam passes through a field angle amplifying system formed by the first lens group 105, the diaphragm 106 and the second lens group 107, and then is reflected by the second beam splitter 108 to enter human eyes, so that the human eyes can observe virtual color three-dimensional image information. Meanwhile, the light beam of the external environment can enter the human eye through the second beam splitter 108;
the RGB point light source module 102 is composed of three RGB point light sources;
the RGB point light source module 102 includes a red R point light source 201, a first polarizer 202, a green G point light source 203, a second polarizer 204, a blue B point light source 205, a third polarizer 206, and a three-color light-combining prism 207.
The red light R point light source 201, the polarizing plate 202 and the green light G point light source 203 share an optical axis, are superposed on the same light path after passing through a three-color light-combination prism, and an emergent light beam is divergent spherical light, is reflected by the second beam splitter 103, is collimated into parallel light by the first lens group 105, and is incident on the spatial light modulator 104;
the red light R point light source 201, the polaroid 202 and the green light G point light source 203 adopt light sources with coherence;
the red light R point light source 201, the polaroid 202 and the green light G point light source 203 adopt laser light sources with coherence or LED light sources with certain coherence;
the first polarizer 202 can control the polarization state of the outgoing beam of the red R point light source 201;
the second polarizer 204 can control the polarization state of the emergent beam of the green light G point light source 203;
the third polarizer 206 can control the polarization state of the outgoing beam of the blue B point light source 205;
to ensure the operation of the spatial light modulator 104;
the three-color light-combining prism 207 includes: a first surface 301, a second surface 302, a third surface 303, a fourth surface 304, a fifth surface 305, and a sixth surface 306;
antireflection films are plated on the first face 301, the second face 302, the third face 303 and the fourth face 304;
the fifth surface 305 is coated with a dichroic film to reflect red light and transmit blue light and green light;
the sixth face 306 is coated with a dichroic film that reflects blue light through red and green light.
The control module 101 includes: the device comprises a main control unit, a control program interface unit, an external communication interface, a hologram calculation unit, a storage unit, an SLM driving unit and a light source driving unit;
the main control unit is respectively connected with the storage unit, the control program interface unit, the hologram calculation unit, the external communication interface and the SLM driving unit.
The spatial light modulator 104 is a reflective spatial light modulator;
the field angle amplification system is used for amplifying an imaging field of view; the field angle magnifying system is composed of a first lens group 105, a stop 106, and a second lens group 107.
Focal length f of the first lens group 1051Is larger than the focal length f of the second lens group 1072The distance between the first lens group 105 and the second lens group 107 is f1+f2Magnification of field angle f1/f2。
In the field angle enlarging system, the exit pupil distance S of the display system is enlarged2Distance S between spatial light modulator 104 and first lens group 1051Is smaller than the focal length f of the first lens group 1051Distance of exit pupil S2Can be represented as S2＝f2+f2·(f2/f1)-(f2/f1)2·S1，S1The smaller the exit pupil distance S2The larger.
The diaphragm 106 is located on the fourier transform surface of the lens group 105, and interference of the multi-order diffraction image and the zero-order image to imaging can be filtered out by designing a corresponding aperture diaphragm.
The lens group 105 is a front lens group of the image magnification system, and has a function of collimating divergent light into parallel light.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a color holographic near-eye display system based on time division multiplexing of a spatial light modulator, which calculates the intensity information and the depth information of a color three-dimensional image into a common two-dimensional RGB hologram through a holographic algorithm and loads the hologram onto a liquid crystal spatial light modulator;
2. the invention utilizes the phase modulation capability of the spatial light modulator, can project RGB three-dimensional images with real depth of field information, and forms color images through the human eye visual persistence effect;
3. the invention can effectively eliminate the visual fatigue of human eyes.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color holographic near-eye display system based on spatial light modulator time division multiplexing.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an RGB point light source module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a three-color light-combining prism structure in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of a synchronous driving control method of the spatial light modulation SLM and the RGB point light source in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an angle of view enlarging system.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a holographic AR display system based on a spatial light modulator includes a control module 101, an RGB point light source module 102, a second beam splitter 103, a spatial light modulator SLM 104, a lens group 105, a diaphragm 106, a lens group 107, and a second beam splitter 108. Firstly, the control module 101 calculates color three-dimensional image information to be displayed into a two-dimensional RGB hologram through a holographic algorithm, outputs the two-dimensional RGB hologram to be loaded on the spatial light modulator 104 for display, and synchronously controls the RGB point light source module 102 to emit light. Divergent light emitted by the RGB point light source module 102 is reflected by the second beam splitter 103, propagates upward, is collimated into parallel light by the lens group 105, and is incident on the spatial light modulator 104. After being modulated by the spatial light modulator 104, the reflected and diffracted three-dimensional imaging light beam passes through a field angle amplifying system formed by a lens group 105, a diaphragm 106 and a lens group 107, and then is reflected by a second beam splitter 108 to enter human eyes, so that the human eyes can observe virtual colorful three-dimensional image information. Meanwhile, the light beam of the external environment can enter the human eye through the second beam splitter 108.
The RGB point light source module 102 is composed of three RGB point light sources, as shown in fig. 2, and includes a red R point light source 201, a polarizer 202, a green G point light source 203, a polarizer 204, a blue B point light source 205, a polarizer 206, and a three-color light-combining prism 207.
The three point light sources 201, 203 and 205 of RGB share an optical axis, and are overlapped on the same optical path after passing through the three-color light-combining prism, and the emergent light beam is divergent spherical light, and is collimated into parallel light by the lens group 105 after being reflected by the second beam splitter 103, and then is incident on the spatial light modulator 104.
The three RGB point light sources 201, 203, 205 are coherent laser light sources, and may also be LED light sources with certain coherence.
The three polarizers 202, 204, 206 are used to control the polarization state of the outgoing beam of the RGB three point light sources 201, 203, 205 to ensure the working state of the spatial light modulator 104.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the three-color light-combining prism 207 has antireflection films coated on the surfaces 301, 302, 303, and 304; dichroic film coated on surface 305 to reflect red light through blue and green light; the face 306 is coated with a dichroic film that reflects blue light through red and green light.
The control module 101 mainly completes the calculation and loading of the hologram of the image information, and the synchronous control work of the spatial light modulation and the light source. As shown in fig. 4, the control module mainly includes a main control unit, a control program interface, an external communication interface, a hologram calculation unit, a storage unit, a synchronous control unit, an SLM driving unit, and a light source driving unit. The main control unit completes the control work of the whole system; the control program interface mainly provides a human-computer interface; the external communication interface mainly comprises wired interfaces such as video and data, or wireless interfaces such as wireless, Bluetooth and infrared interfaces for receiving external data; the hologram calculation unit generates RGB holograms from corresponding color three-dimensional image information or data through a hologram algorithm, and outputs the RGB holograms to the driving unit of the spatial light modulator through the main control unit, so that the spatial light modulator is driven to modulate light beams incident on the spatial light modulator so as to output corresponding RGB three-dimensional image information; the main control unit can also output and display the hologram which is stored in advance by the internal or external storage unit to the spatial light modulator; the synchronous control unit can realize synchronous drive control of the spatial light modulation and the RGB point light source.
The calculation method of the RGB hologram comprises the following steps: firstly, decomposing a color three-dimensional image to be displayed into R, G, B object information of three components, and then respectively calculating the object information of the three components by using a Fresnel tomography diffraction calculation method to generate a corresponding R, G, B hologram.
The synchronous driving control method of the spatial light modulation SLM and the RGB point light source is shown in fig. 5, the spatial light modulator is controlled to rapidly refresh and load the RGB hologram, and meanwhile, the sequential lighting of the RGB point light source is synchronously controlled. When the R component hologram is loaded on the SLM, the red R point light source 201 is turned on, the green G point light source 203 and the blue B point light source 205 are turned off, and at the moment, a red three-dimensional image is projected to human eyes; when the G component hologram is loaded on the SLM, the green G point light source 203 is turned on, and the red R point light source 201 and the blue B point light source 205 are turned off, and at this time, the green three-dimensional imageProjected to the human eye; when the B component hologram is loaded on the SLM, the blue B point light source 205 is turned on, the red R point light source 201 and the green G point light source 203 are turned off, and at the moment, the blue three-dimensional image is projected to human eyes; the human eye can observe the colorful three-dimensional image through the persistence of vision effect of the human eye. When the RGB point light sources are lighted, the time interval t is required to be delayedB→R，tR→G，tG→BSo as to ensure that the corresponding point light source is lightened after the RGB component hologram is completely loaded, thereby eliminating color crosstalk.
The spatial light modulator 104 is a reflective spatial light modulator.
The field angle magnifying system is mainly used for magnifying the imaging field of view, and as shown in fig. 6, is composed of a lens group 105, a diaphragm 106 and a lens group 107.
Focal length f of the lens group 1051Greater than the focal length f of the lens group 1072Distance between lens group 105 and lens group 107 is f1+f2Magnification of field angle f1/f2。
In the field angle enlarging system, the exit pupil distance S of the display system is enlarged2Distance S between spatial light modulator 104 and lens group 1051Less than the focal length f of the lens group 1051Distance of exit pupil S2Can be represented as S2＝f2+f2·(f2/f1)-(f2/f1)2·S1，S1The smaller the exit pupil distance S2The larger.
The diaphragm 106 is located on the fourier transform surface of the lens group 105, and interference of the multi-order diffraction image and the zero-order image to imaging can be filtered out by designing a corresponding aperture diaphragm.
The lens group 105 is a front lens group of the image magnification system, and has a function of collimating divergent light into parallel light.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A color holographic near-eye display method based on time division multiplexing of a spatial light modulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a control module (101), an RGB point light source module (102), a first spectroscope (103), a spatial light modulator (104), a first lens group (105), a diaphragm (106), a second lens group (107) and a second spectroscope (108);
the method comprises the steps that a control module (101) is adopted to calculate color three-dimensional image information to be displayed into a two-dimensional RGB hologram, the two-dimensional RGB hologram is output and loaded to a spatial light modulator (104) to be displayed, and an RGB point light source module (102) is synchronously controlled to emit light;
divergent light emitted by the RGB point light source module (102) is reflected by the first beam splitter (103) and then upwards transmitted, collimated into parallel light by the first lens group (105), and incident on the spatial light modulator (104); after being modulated by the spatial light modulator (104), the reflected and diffracted three-dimensional imaging light beams pass through a field angle amplifying system formed by a first lens group (105), a diaphragm (106) and a second lens group (107), and then are reflected by a second beam splitter (108) to enter human eyes.
2. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-eye display method of claim 1, wherein the RGB point light source module (102) is composed of three RGB point light sources;
the RGB point light source module (102) comprises a red light R point light source (201), a first polaroid (202), a green light G point light source (203), a second polaroid (204), a blue light B point light source (205), a third polaroid (206) and a three-color light-combining prism (207).
3. The method for color holographic near-to-eye display based on time division multiplexing of spatial light modulator according to claim 2, characterized in that the common optical axis of the red R point light source (201), the first polarizer (202) and the green G point light source (203) is superposed on the same optical path after passing through the three color light-combination prism, the emergent light beam is divergent spherical light, after being reflected by the second lens group 108, is collimated into parallel light by the first lens group (105), and is incident on the spatial light modulator (104);
the red light R point light source (201), the first polarizing plate (202) and the green light G point light source (203) adopt light sources with coherence.
4. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-to-eye display method according to claim 3, wherein the first polarizer (202) is capable of controlling the polarization state of the outgoing beam of the red R point light source (201);
the second polarizer (204) can control the polarization state of the emergent beam of the green light G point light source (203);
the third polarizer (206) can control the polarization state of the emergent beam of the blue B point light source (205).
5. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-to-eye display method of claim 2, wherein the tristimulus prism (207) comprises: a first surface (301), a second surface (302), a third surface (303), a fourth surface (304), a fifth surface (305), and a sixth surface (306);
antireflection films are plated on the first face (301), the second face (302), the third face (303) and the fourth face (304);
the fifth surface (305) is plated with a dichroic film, and red light is reflected and transmitted through blue light and green light;
the sixth face (306) is coated with a dichroic film that reflects blue light and transmits red and green light.
6. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-eye display method of claim 1, wherein the control module (101) comprises: the device comprises a main control unit, a control program interface unit, an external communication interface, a hologram calculation unit, a storage unit, an SLM driving unit and a light source driving unit;
the main control unit is respectively connected with the storage unit, the control program interface unit, the hologram calculation unit, the external communication interface and the SLM driving unit.
7. The method for color holographic near-to-eye display based on time division multiplexing of spatial light modulators of claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator (104) employs a reflective spatial light modulator.
8. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-eye display method of claim 1, wherein the field angle magnifying system is used for imaging field of view magnification.
9. The method for color holographic near-to-eye display based on time division multiplexing of spatial light modulators of claim 1, characterized in that the focal length f of the first lens group (105)1Is larger than the focal length f of the second lens group (107)2The distance between the first lens group (105) and the second lens group (107) is f1+f2Magnification of field angle f1/f2；
In the field angle magnifying system, a distance S between a spatial light modulator (104) and a first lens group (105)1Is smaller than the focal length f of the first lens group (105)1Distance of exit pupil S2Can be represented as S2＝f2+f2·(f2/f1)-(f2/f1)2·S1，S1The smaller the exit pupil distance S2The larger.
10. The spatial light modulator time-division multiplexing based color holographic near-to-eye display method of claim 1, wherein the stop (106) is located on a fourier transform plane of the first lens group (105).
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| CN113406874A (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2021-09-17 | 浙江大学 | System and method for realizing color three-dimensional point cloud naked eye display by single spatial light modulator |
| CN113608353A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-05 | 上海大学 | Holographic near-eye display system based on array light source and eye pupil box expansion method |
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