CN112595365A - Soil temperature measuring system and method - Google Patents
Soil temperature measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112595365A CN112595365A CN202011522462.1A CN202011522462A CN112595365A CN 112595365 A CN112595365 A CN 112595365A CN 202011522462 A CN202011522462 A CN 202011522462A CN 112595365 A CN112595365 A CN 112595365A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D9/00—Recording measured values
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Abstract
The invention provides a soil temperature measuring system and a method, which are applied to the field of soil temperature research of agricultural water conservancy projects, the system comprises a Mariotte bottle, a soil column, a weighing sensor, a temperature sensor, a weighing sensor paperless recorder, a temperature sensor paperless recorder and the like, wherein the Mariotte bottle supplies water to the soil column according to a preset water head, test soil is filled in the soil column from bottom to top in a layered mode, a plurality of temperature probe jacks are arranged on the pipe wall of the soil column, the positions of the temperature probe jacks in the soil column correspond to the positions of soil temperature observation points in a preset test scheme in the soil column one by one, a probe of the temperature sensor is inserted into the temperature probe jacks, the temperature sensor paperless recorder is connected with the temperature sensors, and then the temperature data transmitted by all the temperature sensors connected with the temperature sensor can be automatically recorded, the method has the characteristics of high automation degree and small data sampling time interval.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of research on soil temperature of agricultural water conservancy projects, in particular to a soil temperature measuring system and method.
Background
The temperature is an important ecological factor in the soil environment, directly influences the intensity of biological metabolism, the growth, development, propagation speed and the like, and indirectly influences the decomposition rate of plant residues and soil organic matters. The form and energy state of soil water and the exchange of soil gas are affected by the temperature of soil. The heat and the water in the soil are mutually influenced, and the specific heat capacity of the soil is directly influenced by the change of the water content of the soil, so that the change of the temperature of the soil is influenced. Soil temperature controls biological and biochemical processes in the soil, affects the growth and development of plants in different ways, directly affects the germination, emergence, root growth, nutrient absorption and decomposition of crop seeds, and further affects many physiological processes of crop growth and development, such as photosynthesis, nutrient transfer and carbon dioxide absorption. Soil temperature ultimately affects the effective moisture of the soil, primarily by altering the density, viscosity, surface tension, etc. of the water in the soil. The change of the soil temperature causes the change of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the water, and changes the pore structure of the soil and the surface tension of the soil water, thereby influencing the water content of the soil. The soil temperature not only affects the water content of the soil, but also affects the utilization efficiency of the crop water. The carbon content, nitrogen content, tissue structure, biomass and growth rate of microorganisms in soil are all influenced by soil temperature, and the activities of soil rhizosphere microorganisms and soil enzymes can be obviously influenced by adjusting the soil temperature, so that the growth of crops is indirectly influenced.
Therefore, the research on the response mechanism of soil temperature change and water infiltration has important guiding significance for researching agricultural production.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a soil temperature measuring system and a method, which can carry out automatic measurement of soil temperature to overcome the technical problems.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a soil temperature measurement system, including:
the Mariotte bottle is connected with the earth pillar and used for supplying water to the earth pillar according to a preset water head;
the weighing sensor is used for metering the mass data of the Mariotte bottle;
the soil column is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column is provided with a plurality of temperature probe jacks from bottom to top, and the positions of the temperature probe jacks in the soil column correspond to the positions of soil temperature observation points in the soil column in a preset test scheme one by one;
the probe of the temperature sensor is inserted into the temperature probe jack and is used for measuring the temperature data of the test soil at the position corresponding to the temperature probe jack, and the temperature sensors correspond to the temperature probe jacks in number one by one;
the weighing sensor paperless recorder is connected with the weighing sensor and used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor;
the temperature sensor paperless recorder is connected with at least one temperature sensor and used for recording temperature data transmitted by all the temperature sensors connected with the temperature sensor.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
the real-time data display is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the temperature sensor paperless recorder and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder and all the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor paperless recorder;
and/or the data memory is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the temperature sensor paperless recorder and is used for storing the mass change data and the temperature data.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature sensor paperless recorder includes:
the temperature sensor comprises a plurality of temperature signal input terminals, a plurality of temperature signal output terminals and a plurality of temperature signal output terminals, wherein each temperature signal input terminal is connected with one temperature sensor;
the display panel is used for displaying the multipath temperature data;
and the data output interface is connected with the real-time data display or the data storage.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
the support comprises a vertical rod, a bearing flat plate and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove, and the vertical rod and the bearing flat plate are vertically fixed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the Mahalanobis bottle clamping groove and the weighing sensor paperless recorder are arranged on the vertical rod,
the weighing sensor is arranged in the March bottle clamping groove, and the March bottle is placed in the March bottle clamping groove and is positioned on the weighing sensor;
the earth pillar is placed on the bearing flat plate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mahalanobis bottle comprises:
the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body, a bottle opening and a bottle neck, wherein the Martensitic bottle body is provided with the bottle opening;
the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the bottle opening and has radial pressure on the bottle opening;
the upper end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug is penetrated in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body;
and the water outlet valve is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the mahalanobis bottle further comprises:
the porous air outlet assembly is arranged in the March bottle body and is communicated with the air inlet thin tube;
the gas outlet is arranged on the porous gas outlet assembly.
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a soil temperature measurement method, which is applied to the system according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
adjusting the height difference between the air outlet of the Ma bottle and the surface of the test soil in the earth pillar according to a preset water head;
under the water head, the Mariotte bottle supplies water to the soil column, and meanwhile, a soil temperature measurement test is carried out on the soil;
in the soil temperature measurement test, acquiring quality change data of the Mariotte bottle, and simultaneously acquiring temperature data of test soil at positions corresponding to a plurality of temperature sensors on the earth pillar;
recording the mass change data and the temperature data obtained under the mass change data.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
inserting a standard thermometer into the measuring cylinder simultaneously with the temperature sensor;
adding aqueous solutions with different temperatures into the measuring cylinder according to a preset temperature gradient;
respectively recording temperature values of the standard thermometer and the temperature sensor under the same meteorological condition so as to construct a functional relation between the actual temperature of the standard thermometer and the measured temperature of the temperature sensor;
and calibrating the temperature of the temperature sensor paperless recorder connected with the temperature sensor based on the functional relation.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the invention, the March bottle supplies water to the soil column according to a preset water head; in the water supply process, a weighing sensor is adopted to measure the mass data of the Mariotte bottle, a weighing sensor paperless recorder records the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor, and meanwhile, a soil temperature measurement test is carried out on test soil in a soil column; according to a preset test scheme, test soil is filled in a soil column layer by layer from bottom to top in advance, a plurality of temperature probe jacks are arranged on the pipe wall of the soil column from bottom to top, the positions of the temperature probe jacks in the soil column correspond to the positions of soil temperature observation points in the preset test scheme in the soil column one by one, and a probe of a temperature sensor is inserted into the temperature probe jacks, so that the temperature data of the test soil at the positions corresponding to the plurality of temperature probe jacks on the soil column can be measured simultaneously, and the soil temperature measuring device has the characteristics of high automation degree and small data sampling time interval; then, the temperature data measured by the plurality of temperature sensors are all transmitted to the same temperature sensor paperless recorder for recording, so that the automatic recording of the change process of the multi-path temperature data can be realized, and the problems of overlarge labor and time cost consumption and the like caused by manual reading in the prior art are solved;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the temperature sensor paperless recorder are connected with the real-time data display at the same time, so that the measured temperature data and the measured quality change data of the test soil can be displayed on the same screen in real time in the soil temperature test process, and a tester can conveniently know the water infiltration and temperature change conditions of the soil at any time;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the temperature sensor paperless recorder are simultaneously connected with the data memory, so that the real-time data storage can be realized, and the storage pressure of the weighing sensor paperless recorder and the temperature sensor paperless recorder in the long-time test process can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soil temperature measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a soil column according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the Malpighian bottle mounted on the support frame according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic front view of a load cell paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4b is a schematic view of the back side of a load cell paperless recorder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a paperless recorder with a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6b is a schematic view of the structure of the back side of the paperless recorder of the temperature sensor according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an electrical networking of a soil temperature measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of a soil temperature measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the measured temperature value and the measured sensor value before calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the measured soil temperature value and the measured sensor value after calibration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a mahalanobis bottle; 2-earth pillar, 201-temperature probe jack, 202-graduated scale, 203-water supply pipe; 3-a weighing sensor; 4-temperature sensor, 401-probe; 5-weighing sensor paperless recorder; 6-temperature sensor paperless recorder 601-temperature signal input terminal 602-display panel 603-data output interface; 7-real time data display; 8-a data memory; 9-vertical rod; 10-a load-bearing plate; 11-a mahalanobis bottle neck; 12-mains supply; 13-backup power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To solve the technical problems in the background art of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a soil temperature measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the soil temperature measurement system includes:
the March's bottle 1 is connected with the earth pillar 2 and used for supplying water to the earth pillar 2 according to a preset water head;
the weighing sensor 3 is used for measuring the mass data of the Mariotte bottle 1;
the soil column 2 is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column 2 is provided with a plurality of temperature probe jacks 201 from bottom to top, and the positions of the temperature probe jacks 201 in the soil column 2 correspond to the positions of soil temperature observation points in the soil column 2 in a preset test scheme one by one;
the probe 401 of the temperature sensor 4 is inserted into the temperature probe jack 201 and is used for measuring the temperature data of the test soil at the position corresponding to the temperature probe jack 201, wherein the temperature sensors 4 correspond to the temperature probe jacks 201 in number one by one;
the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 is connected with the weighing sensor 3 and is used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle 1 based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3;
and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 is connected with at least one temperature sensor 4 and is used for recording the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor 4 connected with the temperature sensor.
The Mariotte bottle 1 is a device which is based on the principle of a communicating vessel, enables the internal pressure and the external pressure of a container to be consistent, and accordingly realizes the constant water head and automatic water replenishing in the Mariotte bottle 1. Specifically, the mahalanobis bottle 1 may include: a March's bottle body (not marked in the figure) provided with a bottle mouth; an elastic sealing plug (not marked in the figure) which is arranged in the bottle mouth and has radial pressure on the bottle mouth; the air inlet thin tube (not marked in the figure) is provided with an air inlet at the upper end and an air outlet at the lower end, the end surface penetrating through the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body; and the water outlet valve (not marked in the figure) is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column 2. In the embodiment of the invention, the adjustment of the water infiltration head can be realized by adjusting the height of the air outlet, so that the Mariotte bottle 1 can supply water to the earth pillar 2 according to the preset water head. For how to adjust the water infiltration head between the marquise's bottle 1 and the earth pillar 2, reference can be made to the prior art, and details are not repeated here.
Of course, for the advantage of uniform stirring in the water infiltration test of the chemical substances contained in the solution, and preventing the substances (such as salt) in the high-concentration solution from settling at the bottom of the mahalanobis bottle 1, the mahalanobis bottle 1 of the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following structure: a porous air outlet component (not shown) which is arranged in the Mariotte bottle body and is communicated with the air inlet thin tube; the air outlet of the Mariotte bottle 1 is arranged on the porous air outlet assembly. The porous air outlet component can be a porous air outlet flat plate or a metal air outlet balloon with a plurality of air outlet holes. It should be noted that, when the porous air outlet component is a porous air outlet flat plate, the air inlet tubule of the invention should be a hard tube; when the porous air outlet assembly is a metal air outlet balloon, the air inlet thin tube comprises two sections, namely an air inlet hard tube and an air inlet hose which are connected with each other, wherein the air inlet hard tube is connected with the elastic sealing plug, the air inlet hose is connected with the metal air outlet balloon, and a magnet used for moving the metal air outlet balloon is arranged outside the March's bottle body in a matched manner. Regarding the structure of the porous air outlet flat plate and the metal air outlet balloon and the water head adjusting principle matched with the porous air outlet flat plate and the metal air outlet balloon, reference can be made to the prior art, and the embodiment of the invention is not repeated herein.
The earth pillar 2 can be an organic glass earth pillar 2, and the earth pillar 2 is provided with the graduated scale 202, so that the change of a wetting peak in the earth pillar 2 can be observed conveniently. According to a set test scheme, test soil is filled in the soil column 2 from bottom to top in a layered mode, and in the same soil temperature measurement test, the test soil in different layers filled in the soil column can be completely the same or different. When the test soil filled in the soil column is completely the same, a soil temperature measurement test under a homogeneous soil condition can be carried out; when the test soil filled in the soil column is different, the test soil filled in different layers can have different physical conditions, for example, the test soil filled in different physical conditions such as volume weight, initial water content, soil texture and the like can be filled in different layers, so that the soil temperature measurement test can be carried out on the test soil with different physical conditions.
In the embodiment of the invention, the earth pillar 2 is provided with a plurality of temperature probe jacks 201 from bottom to top along the vertical direction, and each temperature probe jack 201 is communicated with the interior of the earth pillar 2. Because the soil in the earth pillar 2 is arranged in layers, when the temperature probe jack 201 is arranged, the temperature probe jack 201 also needs to be arranged at a certain interval, so that the position of the temperature sensor 4 inserted into the temperature probe jack 201 in the earth pillar 2 corresponds to the position of a soil temperature observation point in the test scheme in the earth pillar 2 one by one, and further the measurement of the soil temperature of the test soil is realized, so that the temperature data of the test soil under a preset water head is obtained. Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural view of a soil column 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In order to facilitate the development of a soil temperature measurement test, the system of the embodiment of the invention further comprises a support, wherein the support comprises a vertical rod 9, a bearing flat plate 10 and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove 11, and the vertical rod 9 and the bearing flat plate 10 are vertically fixed; the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 11 and the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 are arranged on the vertical rod 9, the weighing sensor 3 is arranged in the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 11, and the mahalanobis bottle 1 is arranged in the mahalanobis bottle clamping groove 11 and is positioned on the weighing sensor 3; the earth pillar 2 is placed on the bearing flat plate 10, and a water inlet at the upper end of the earth pillar 2 is communicated with a water outlet valve on the Ma bottle 1 through a water supply pipe 203. Referring to fig. 3, an embodiment of the present invention shows a schematic structure of the marquise bottle 1 mounted on a support. The structural schematic diagram of the earth pillar 2 and the Mariotte bottle 1 after being installed on the bracket refers to FIG. 1. Wherein, be provided with the handle on the montant 9, the dull and stereotyped 10 bottoms of bearing are provided with the universal wheel to promote the support and remove.
Since the mahalanobis bottle 1 is a device based on the principle of a communicating vessel for automatically replenishing water to the earth pillar 2, as the water in the mahalanobis bottle 1 flows into the earth pillar 2 through the water supply pipe 203, the mass of the mahalanobis bottle 1 is reduced to be equal to the mass of the earth pillar 2. According to the embodiment of the invention, the weighing sensor 3 is arranged in the clamp groove 11 of the Mariotte bottle, so that the Mariotte bottle 1 can be weighed; the weighing sensor 3 transmits the collected mass data to the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 in real time, so that the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 can determine the mass of the Mariotte bottle 1 reduced due to water level change based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor 3 at different time, and record the mass change data, thereby realizing real-time monitoring and automatic recording of the water flow of the Mariotte bottle 1; compared with the prior art, the water outlet flow rate recording device has the advantages that the labor is effectively saved, and the water outlet flow rate of the Ma bottle 1 can be completely and accurately recorded.
Specifically, weighing sensor 3 includes tray panel, signal line, and when weighing sensor 3 installed bottom in mah-jong bottle draw-in groove 11, can open a through wires hole on mah-jong bottle draw-in groove 11, passes the through wires hole with the signal line and is connected with weighing sensor paperless record appearance 5 on the montant 9.
The front surface of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 is provided with a digital input panel, a digital output panel and function keys, and the back surface is provided with a power supply jack and/or a power supply bin. Referring to fig. 4a, a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the load cell paperless recorder 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 4b, a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the load cell paperless recorder 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The digital input panel is used for setting time, date and parameters (such as measuring range, correction coefficient, sampling interval, file name and the like) corresponding to the function keys by a user; the digital output panel is used for displaying the quality change data of the Mariotte 1 for the real-time observation of a user; the function keys comprise sampling intervals, correction coefficients, data formats and keys for data storage. For example, by operating the function key of "sampling interval", the user can reasonably set the data sampling interval according to the test time period, such as 1s, 2s, 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 1min, etc.; the user can find out a reasonable proportional relation by operating the function key of 'correction coefficient' to correct the data; the user can select the default saved data format, such as Txt or Excel format, by operating the function key of "data format"; the user can read the test data through the data output interface on the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 by the function key of 'data storage'. The power supply jack can be connected with a mains supply 12(220V) and is used for providing a long-time stable power supply for the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5. The power supply bin is used for installing a rechargeable standby power supply 13, so that the outdoor use of a user is facilitated. In practice, the user may choose the portable backup power supply 13 to supply power for short-term tests, and may choose the power jack to connect to the mains 12 for long-term tests. Optionally, as shown in fig. 4a and 4b, an angle adjusting rod is further disposed on the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5, one end of the angle adjusting rod is fixed to the vertical rod 9, and the other end of the angle adjusting rod is hinged to the back of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5. The user can adjust the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 to the comfortable data observation angle of vision through adjusting the angle adjusting rod.
The temperature sensor 4 may be a commercially available temperature probe 401, as shown in fig. 5, and the present invention will not be described herein.
At present, the field of agricultural hydraulic engineering researches on the influence of water infiltration on soil temperature distribution are not much, the devices of indoor test soil temperature measuring devices are not much, even if the researches are carried out, most of the researches adopt the existing handheld temperature measuring instruments on the market to carry out measurement, and manual reading records data. However, the handheld temperature measuring instrument and other temperature measuring devices have the problems that the number of temperature probes is small, the requirement of measuring multiple paths of temperature signals is difficult to meet, meanwhile, data cannot be automatically stored, manual reading is needed, and the manual reading is difficult to be sufficient for measuring the soil temperature for a long time series. Therefore, the invention creatively connects the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 with the plurality of temperature sensors 4, can simultaneously receive the temperature data of all the connected temperature sensors 4 and realizes the automation and the multi-path acquisition of the soil temperature measurement in the agricultural water conservancy project field.
Referring to fig. 6a, a schematic structural diagram of the front side of the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown, and referring to fig. 6b, a schematic structural diagram of the back side of the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. Specifically, the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 includes: a plurality of temperature signal input terminals 601, each temperature signal input terminal 601 being connected to one temperature sensor 4; a display panel 602 for displaying a plurality of channels of the temperature data; the data output interface 603 may be connected to the real-time data display 7 or the data storage 8.
When connecting, the temperature signal input terminal 601 is connected to the signal line of one temperature sensor 4 for each temperature signal input terminal 601, and as shown in fig. 6b, a wiring hole is provided on each temperature signal input terminal 601, and the signal line connected thereto should be a corresponding connector. In implementation, it is necessary to ensure that the positive and negative electrodes of the multi-channel temperature signal input terminal 601 are insulated from each other, and the terminals with the same electrical property are also insulated from each other. As shown in fig. 6a, the display panel 602 includes a data output display panel, a function key panel, wherein the data output display panel can display the temperature data in real time in the form of numerical values or graphs/histograms; the basic function of the function key panel is basically the same as that of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5, but the physical quantity to be measured is different from the number of input signal paths (the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 is used for single-path signal input, the wiring mode is simpler, and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 can be used for multi-path signal acquisition, and the wiring mode is more complex). The temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 can be connected with a standby power supply 13 or a mains supply 12.
In combination with the above, referring to fig. 7, a schematic diagram of an electrical networking of a soil temperature measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the system further includes:
the real-time data display 7 is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and all the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6;
and/or the data memory 8 is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 and is used for storing mass change data and temperature data.
The real-time data display 7 may be a desktop computer, a notebook computer, an independent display, or the like, and the data storage 8 may also be an independent storage, and may also specifically refer to a local storage of a computer. According to the embodiment of the invention, the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 are simultaneously connected with the real-time data display 7, so that temperature data and quality change data can be displayed on the same screen in real time in the soil temperature measurement test process, and testers can conveniently know the conditions of soil moisture infiltration and soil temperature at any time; through being connected weighing sensor paperless record appearance 5 and temperature sensor paperless record appearance 6 with data memory 8 simultaneously, can realize the real-time save to data, data loss when also can avoiding the outage can also effectively reduce the storage pressure of weighing sensor paperless record appearance 5 and temperature sensor paperless record appearance 6 in long-time test process. In the specific connection, the data output interface on the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and the data output interface 603 on the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 are respectively connected with the data read-in interface on the real-time data display 7 and/or the data memory 8 through signal lines. When the data output interface 603 and the data read-in interface are both USB interfaces, both ends of the signal line are USB connectors, and one end of the signal line is connected with a paperless recorder (the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 or the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6). Although fig. 7 illustrates only 3 temperature sensors 4, this is merely an example, and the number of temperature sensors 4 connected to the temperature sensor-less paper recorder 6 is not limited in the present invention.
In conclusion, the soil temperature measuring system constructed by the invention can carry out soil temperature measuring tests on multilayer homogeneous test soil or test soil with different physical conditions, automatically obtain multi-channel temperature data of the test soil, can automatically record the obtained multi-channel temperature data by matching the plurality of temperature sensors 4 and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6, has the characteristics of high automation degree and small data sampling time interval, and can achieve the purpose of monitoring the soil temperature change in real time.
In view of the technical problem of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, a flowchart of the steps of a soil temperature measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method is applied to a soil temperature measuring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the method may include the following steps:
step S1: adjusting the height difference between the air outlet of the Mariotte bottle 1 and the surface of the test soil in the soil column 2 according to a preset water head;
step S2: under the water head, the Mariotte bottle 1 supplies water to the soil column 2, and meanwhile, a soil temperature measurement test is carried out;
step S3: in the soil temperature measurement test, acquiring the quality change data of the Mariotte bottle 1, and simultaneously acquiring the temperature data of the test soil at the positions corresponding to the plurality of temperature sensors 4 on the earth pillar 2;
step S4: recording the mass change data and the temperature data obtained under the mass change data.
Before specific measurement is carried out, the soil temperature measurement system provided by the embodiment of the invention is assembled in advance, and the process is as follows:
firstly, according to the contents of experimental research, filling the experimental soil into the organic glass soil column 2 in layers according to the experimental scheme.
And secondly, placing the filled soil column 2 on a bearing flat plate 10, checking the air tightness of the Mariotte bottle 1, adjusting the height of the Mariotte bottle 1, and adjusting the height difference between an air outlet in the Mariotte bottle 1 and the surface of the test soil to a preset water head.
And thirdly, sequentially connecting the related devices in the figure 7 according to the electrical principle of the figure 7 and the above notes.
It should be noted that, when the purchased model of the temperature sensor 4 may not match the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6, the temperature data displayed by the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 may not be the true temperature, so that the following scheme is further provided in an embodiment of the present invention, that is, before the temperature measurement is started, the temperature of the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 is calibrated, and the calibration process is as follows: a standard thermometer and a temperature sensor 4 are inserted into the measuring cylinder at the same time; adding aqueous solutions with different temperatures into the vector cylinder according to a preset temperature gradient; respectively recording temperature values of the standard thermometer and the temperature sensor 4 under the same meteorological condition to construct a functional relation between the actual temperature of the standard thermometer and the measured temperature of the temperature sensor 4; and calibrating the temperature of a temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 connected with the temperature sensor 4 based on the functional relation.
The relationship between the actual temperature before calibration (the actual temperature of the standard thermometer) and the measured value of the sensor (the measured temperature of the temperature sensor 4) in one embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 9 a. Based on the functional relationship between the measured temperature value and the measured sensor value, the correction coefficient is adjusted in the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 to calibrate the temperature of the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6, and the temperature data displayed by the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 is guaranteed to be the real temperature.
In the application example of the invention, the relationship between the temperature data recorded by the calibrated temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 and the water infiltration time is shown in fig. 9b, and for example, when the temperature of the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 is calibrated, the invention considers the particularity of the research on the soil temperature distribution test by the water infiltration in the field of agricultural water conservancy engineering, and the correction coefficient of the adjusted temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 accords with the temperature change range of the soil tested in the water infiltration process.
Fourthly, a probe 401 of the temperature sensor 4 penetrates through a temperature probe jack 201 on the soil column 2 to be inserted into soil, and a signal line at the tail end is connected with a certain temperature signal input terminal 601 on the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6.
And fifthly, opening data measurement software of the weighing sensor paperless recorder 5 and the temperature sensor paperless recorder 6 in the computer, checking the data communication condition of each port and the computer, waiting for 30-60 minutes of software operation, and checking whether the data transmission is abnormal or not.
And sixthly, when the completion of the steps is confirmed and the circuit communication is smooth, after the data transmission is stable, a water outlet valve of the Malpighian bottle 1 is opened, water enters the soil, the temperature of the soil begins to change, and the test system automatically records and stores the quality change data and the temperature data of the test soil obtained under the quality change data.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.
It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions or should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal equipment comprising the element.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the implementation manner of the present invention are described in this document by using specific examples, and the description of the above examples is only for assisting understanding of the present invention, and the content of the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention. While various modifications of the illustrative embodiments and applications herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to be exhaustive or exhaustive that all such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A soil temperature measurement system, comprising:
the March's bottle (1) is connected with the earth pillar (2) and used for supplying water to the earth pillar (2) according to a preset water head;
a weighing sensor (3) for measuring mass data of the Mariotte bottle (1);
the soil column (2) is filled with test soil from bottom to top in a layered mode, the pipe wall of the soil column (2) is provided with a plurality of temperature probe jacks (201) from bottom to top, and the positions of the temperature probe jacks (201) in the soil column (2) correspond to the positions of soil temperature observation points in the soil column (2) in a preset test scheme one by one;
the probe (401) of the temperature sensor (4) is inserted into the temperature probe jack (201) and used for measuring the temperature data of the test soil at the position corresponding to the temperature probe jack (201), and the temperature sensors (4) correspond to the temperature probe jacks (201) in number one by one;
the weighing sensor paperless recorder (5) is connected with the weighing sensor (3) and is used for recording the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle (1) based on the mass data transmitted by the weighing sensor (3);
the temperature sensor paperless recorder (6) is connected with at least one temperature sensor (4) and is used for recording temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor (4) connected with the temperature sensor.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
the real-time data display (7) is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder (5) and the temperature sensor paperless recorder (6) and is used for displaying the mass change data transmitted by the weighing sensor paperless recorder (5) and the temperature data transmitted by the temperature sensor paperless recorder (6);
and/or a data memory (8) which is respectively connected with the weighing sensor paperless recorder (5) and the temperature sensor paperless recorder (6) and is used for storing the mass change data and the temperature data.
3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature sensor paperless recorder (6) comprises:
a plurality of temperature signal input terminals (601), wherein each temperature signal input terminal (601) is connected with one temperature sensor (4);
a display panel (602) for displaying a plurality of channels of the temperature data;
a data output interface (603) connected to the real-time data display (7) or the data storage (8).
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
the support comprises a vertical rod (9), a bearing flat plate (10) and a Mariotte bottle clamping groove (11), wherein the vertical rod (9) is vertically fixed with the bearing flat plate (10); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the March flask clamping groove (11) and the weighing sensor paperless recorder (5) are arranged on the vertical rod,
the weighing sensor (3) is installed in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove (11), and the Mariotte bottle (1) is placed in the Mariotte bottle clamping groove (11) and is positioned on the weighing sensor (3);
the earth pillar (2) is placed on the bearing flat plate.
5. System according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that said Marioter (1) comprises:
the Martensitic bottle comprises a Martensitic bottle body, a bottle opening and a bottle neck, wherein the Martensitic bottle body is provided with the bottle opening;
the elastic sealing plug is arranged in the bottle opening and has radial pressure on the bottle opening;
the upper end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the air inlet thin tube is provided with an air outlet, the end surface of the elastic sealing plug is penetrated in the March's bottle body, and the air inlet is communicated with the inner cavity of the March's bottle body;
and the water outlet valve is communicated with a water inlet at the upper end of the soil column (2).
6. System according to claim 5, characterized in that said Marioter bottle (1) further comprises:
the porous air outlet assembly is arranged in the March bottle body and is communicated with the air inlet thin tube;
the gas outlet is arranged on the porous gas outlet assembly.
7. A soil temperature measurement method applied to the system of any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
adjusting the height difference between the air outlet of the Mariotte bottle (1) and the surface of the test soil in the soil column (2) according to a preset water head;
under the water head, the Mariotte bottle (1) supplies water to the soil column (2), and meanwhile, a soil temperature measurement test is carried out;
in the soil temperature measurement test, acquiring the mass change data of the Mariotte bottle (1), and simultaneously acquiring the temperature data of the test soil at the positions corresponding to the plurality of temperature sensors (4) on the earth pillar (2);
recording the mass change data and the temperature data obtained under the mass change data.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
inserting a standard thermometer into the measuring cylinder simultaneously with the temperature sensor (4);
adding aqueous solutions with different temperatures into the measuring cylinder according to a preset temperature gradient;
respectively recording the temperature values of the standard thermometer and the temperature sensor (4) under the same meteorological condition so as to construct a functional relation between the actual temperature of the standard thermometer and the measured temperature of the temperature sensor (4);
and calibrating the temperature of a temperature sensor paperless recorder (6) connected with the temperature sensor (4) based on the functional relation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011522462.1A CN112595365A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Soil temperature measuring system and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011522462.1A CN112595365A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Soil temperature measuring system and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112595365A true CN112595365A (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011522462.1A Pending CN112595365A (en) | 2020-12-21 | 2020-12-21 | Soil temperature measuring system and method |
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| CN (1) | CN112595365A (en) |
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2020
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